Name: inkjet printing all inorganic halide perovskite inks for photovoltaic applications
Uploaded: 2019-01-22T14:20:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Inkjet Printing All Inorganic Halide Perovskite Inks for Photovoltaic Applications at JoVE.com

这项工作得到了国家科学基金会的支持, 通过内布拉斯加州 mrsec (grant dmr-1420645)、che-1565692 和 che-145533 以及内布拉斯加州能源科学研究中心。

注意: 请在继续操作之前, 请查阅实验室的材料安全数据表 (msds)。这些合成协议中使用的化学品对健康有相关危害。此外, 与散装材料相比, 纳米材料还有更多的危害。在进行纳米晶反应时, 请使用所有适当的安全做法, 包括使用烟罩或手套箱和适当的个人防护设备 (安全眼镜、手套、实验室外套、裤子、闭脚鞋等)。
1. 前体合成
<ol><li>油酸铯前体合成 注: 油酸铯是在 n...

<ol>
	<li>Weber, D. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=CH3NH3PbX3,+ein+Pb(II)-System+mit+kubischer+Perowskitstruktur+/+CH3NH3PbX3,+a+Pb(II)-System+with+Cubic+Perovskite+Structure.">CH3NH3PbX3, ein Pb(II)-System mit kubischer Perowskitstruktur / CH3NH3PbX3, a Pb(II)-System with Cubic Perovskite Structure.</a> Zeitschrift f&#252;r Naturforschung B. 33, 1443-1445 (1978).</li><li>Weber, D. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=(+x+=+0-3+),+ein+Sn+(+II+)+-System+mit+kubischer+Perowskitstruktur.">( x = 0-3 ), ein Sn ( II ) -System mit kubischer Perowskitstruktur.</a> Zeitschrift f&#252;r Naturforschung B. 33, 862-865 (1978).</li><li>Kojima, A., Teshima, K., Shirai, Y., Miyasaka, T. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Organometal+Halide+Perovskites+as+Visible-Light+Sensitizers+for+Photovoltaic+Cells.">Organometal Halide Perovskites as Visible-Light Sensitizers for Photovoltaic Cells.</a> Journal of the American Chemical Society. 131, 6050-6051 (2009).</li><li>. National Renewable Energy Laboratory NREL Best Research-Cell Efficiencies Available from: <a target="_blank" href="https://www.nrel.gov/pv/assets/images/efficiency-chart.png">https://www.nrel.gov/pv/assets/images/efficiency-chart.png</a> (2018)</li><li>Chen, Z., Wang, J. J., Ren, Y., Yu, C., Shum, K. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Schottky+solar+cells+based+on+CsSnI+3+thin-films.">Schottky solar cells based on CsSnI 3 thin-films.</a> Applied Physics Letters. 101 (9), 93901 (2012).</li><li>Sanehira, E. M., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Enhanced+mobility+CsPbI+3+quantum+dot+arrays+for+record-efficiency,+high-voltage+photovoltaic+cells.">Enhanced mobility CsPbI 3 quantum dot arrays for record-efficiency, high-voltage photovoltaic cells.</a> Science Advances. 3 (10), 4204 (2017).</li><li>Jia, Y., Kerner, R. A., Grede, A. J., Rand, B. P., Giebink, N. C. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Continuous-wave+lasing+in+an+organic-inorganic+lead+halide+perovskite+semiconductor.">Continuous-wave lasing in an organic-inorganic lead halide perovskite semiconductor.</a> Nature Photonics. 11 (12), 784-788 (2017).</li><li>Eaton, S. W., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Lasing+in+robust+cesium+lead+halide+perovskite+nanowires.">Lasing in robust cesium lead halide perovskite nanowires.</a> Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 113 (8), 1993 (2016).</li><li>Yakunin, S., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Low-threshold+amplified+spontaneous+emission+and+lasing+from+colloidal+nanocrystals+of+caesium+lead+halide+perovskites.">Low-threshold amplified spontaneous emission and lasing from colloidal nanocrystals of caesium lead halide perovskites.</a> Nature Communications. 6, 1-8 (2015).</li><li>Fu, Y., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Broad+Wavelength+Tunable+Robust+Lasing+from+Single-Crystal+Nanowires+of+Cesium+Lead+Halide+Perovskites+(CsPbX3,+X+=+Cl,+Br,+I).">Broad Wavelength Tunable Robust Lasing from Single-Crystal Nanowires of Cesium Lead Halide Perovskites (CsPbX3, X = Cl, Br, I).</a> ACS Nano. 10 (8), 7963-7972 (2016).</li><li>Jeong, B., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=All-Inorganic+CsPbI+3+Perovskite+Phase-Stabilized+by+Poly(ethylene+oxide)+for+Red-Light-Emitting+Diodes.">All-Inorganic CsPbI 3 Perovskite Phase-Stabilized by Poly(ethylene oxide) for Red-Light-Emitting Diodes.</a> Advanced Functional Materials. , 1706401 (2018).</li><li>Pan, J., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Bidentate+Ligand-Passivated+CsPbI3Perovskite+Nanocrystals+for+Stable+Near-Unity+Photoluminescence+Quantum+Yield+and+Efficient+Red+Light-Emitting+Diodes.">Bidentate Ligand-Passivated CsPbI3Perovskite Nanocrystals for Stable Near-Unity Photoluminescence Quantum Yield and Efficient Red Light-Emitting Diodes.</a> Journal of the American Chemical Society. 140 (2), 562-565 (2018).</li><li>Xiao, Z., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Efficient+perovskite+light-emitting+diodes+featuring+nanometre-sized+crystallites.">Efficient perovskite light-emitting diodes featuring nanometre-sized crystallites.</a> Nature Photonics. 11 (2), 108-115 (2017).</li><li>Stoumpos, C. C., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Crystal+growth+of+the+perovskite+semiconductor+CsPbBr3:+A+new+material+for+high-energy+radiation+detection.">Crystal growth of the perovskite semiconductor CsPbBr3: A new material for high-energy radiation detection.</a> Crystal Growth and Design. 13 (7), 2722-2727 (2013).</li><li>Ilie, C. C., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Inkjet+printable-photoactive+all+inorganic+perovskite+films+with+long+effective+photocarrier+lifetimes.">Inkjet printable-photoactive all inorganic perovskite films with long effective photocarrier lifetimes.</a> Journal of Physics Condensed Matter. 30 (18), (2018).</li><li>Shoaib, M., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Directional+Growth+of+Ultralong+CsPbBr3Perovskite+Nanowires+for+High-Performance+Photodetectors.">Directional Growth of Ultralong CsPbBr3Perovskite Nanowires for High-Performance Photodetectors.</a> Journal of the American Chemical Society. 139 (44), 15592-15595 (2017).</li><li>Swarnkar, A., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Quantum+dot-induced+phase+stabilization+of+a-CsPbI3+perovskite+for+high-efficiency+photovoltaics.">Quantum dot-induced phase stabilization of a-CsPbI3 perovskite for high-efficiency photovoltaics.</a> Science. 354 (6308), 92-96 (2016).</li><li>Kumar, M. H., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Lead-free+halide+perovskite+solar+cells+with+high+photocurrents+realized+through+vacancy+modulation.">Lead-free halide perovskite solar cells with high photocurrents realized through vacancy modulation.</a> Advanced Materials. 26 (41), 7122-7127 (2014).</li><li>Burschka, J., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Sequential+deposition+as+a+route+to+high-performance+perovskite-sensitized+solar+cells.">Sequential deposition as a route to high-performance perovskite-sensitized solar cells.</a> Nature. 499 (7458), 316-319 (2013).</li><li>Dirin, D. N., Cherniukh, I., Yakunin, S., Shynkarenko, Y., Kovalenko, M. V. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Solution-Grown+CsPbBr+3+Perovskite+Single+Crystals+for+Photon+Detection.">Solution-Grown CsPbBr 3 Perovskite Single Crystals for Photon Detection.</a> Chemistry of Materials. 28 (23), 8470-8474 (2016).</li><li>Zhou, H., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Vapor+Growth+and+Tunable+Lasing+of+Band+Gap+Engineered+Cesium+Lead+Halide+Perovskite+Micro/Nanorods+with+Triangular+Cross+Section.">Vapor Growth and Tunable Lasing of Band Gap Engineered Cesium Lead Halide Perovskite Micro/Nanorods with Triangular Cross Section.</a> ACS Nano. 11 (2), 1189-1195 (2017).</li><li>Teng, K. F., Vest, R. W. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Application+of+Ink+Jet+Technology+on+Photovoltaic+Metallization.">Application of Ink Jet Technology on Photovoltaic Metallization.</a> IEEE Electron Device Letters. 9 (11), 591-593 (1988).</li><li>Habas, S. E., Platt, H. a. S., van Hest, M. F. A. M., Ginley, D. S. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Low-Cost+Inorganic+Solar+Cells:+From+Ink+To+Printed+Device.">Low-Cost Inorganic Solar Cells: From Ink To Printed Device.</a> Chemical Reviews. 110 (11), 6571-6594 (2010).</li><li>Leenen, M. A. M., Arning, V., Thiem, H., Steiger, J., Anselmann, R. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Printable+electronics:+Flexibility+for+the+future.">Printable electronics: Flexibility for the future.</a> Physica Status Solidi (A) Applications and Materials Science. 206 (4), 588-597 (2009).</li><li>Koolyk, M., Amgar, D., Aharon, S., Etgar, L. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Kinetics+of+cesium+lead+halide+perovskite+nanoparticle+growth;+focusing+and+de-focusing+of+size+distribution.">Kinetics of cesium lead halide perovskite nanoparticle growth; focusing and de-focusing of size distribution.</a> Nanoscale. 8 (12), 6403-6409 (2016).</li><li>Palazon, F., Di Stasio, F., Lauciello, S., Krahne, R., Prato, M., Manna, L. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Evolution+of+CsPbBr+3+nanocrystals+upon+post-synthesis+annealing+under+an+inert+atmosphere.">Evolution of CsPbBr 3 nanocrystals upon post-synthesis annealing under an inert atmosphere.</a> Journal of Materials Chemistry C. 4 (39), 9179-9182 (2016).</li><li>Scherrer, P. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Bestimmung+der+Gr&#246;&#223;e+und+der+inneren+Struktur+von+Kolloidteilchen+mittels+R&#246;ntgenstrahlen.+Nachrichten+von+der+Gesellschaft+der+Wissenschaften+zu+G&#246;ttingen.">Bestimmung der Gr&#246;&#223;e und der inneren Struktur von Kolloidteilchen mittels R&#246;ntgenstrahlen. Nachrichten von der Gesellschaft der Wissenschaften zu G&#246;ttingen.</a> Nachrichten von der Gesellschaft der Wissenschaften zu G&#246;ttingen, Mathematisch-Physikalische Klasse. 2, 98-100 (1918).</li><li>Shekhirev, M., Goza, J., Teeter, J., Lipatov, A., Sinitiskii, A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Synthesis+of+Cesium+Lead+Halide+Quantum+Dots.">Synthesis of Cesium Lead Halide Quantum Dots.</a> Journal of Chemical Education. 94 (8), 1150-1156 (2017).</li></ol>

喷墨打印过程中涉及许多参数, 这些参数会影响最终的印刷胶片。对所有这些参数的讨论超出了本议定书的范围, 但由于该协议侧重于基于溶液的合成和沉积方法, 因此应与其他著名的基于溶液的沉积方法进行简短的比较:自旋涂布法和医用叶片法。
自旋涂装方法速度快, 薄膜均匀, 成本低。通过调整旋转涂布机的粘度和转速, 可以改变薄膜厚度。众所周知, 自旋涂层是非常浪费?...

1978年, 节食者韦伯合成了第一颗有机-无机混合卤化物橄榄石.大约30年后的 2009年, kojima Akihiro 和合作者使用 weber 合成的相同有机-无机混合卤化物橄榄石, 即 ch3nh3 pbi3和 ch3nh3, 共同合作者制造光伏设备.pbbr33。这些实验是随后研究浪潮的开始, 重点是有机-无机混合卤化物橄榄石的光伏特性。从 2009年到2018年, 器件功率转换效率从 3.8% 3 大幅提高到 23% 以上 4, 使有机-无机混合卤化物橄榄石与硅基太阳能电池相当。与有机-无机卤化物型钙钛一样, 无机卤化物型钙钛在2012年前后开始在研究界获得吸引力, 当时第一台光伏器件的效率为 0.9% 5.自2012年以来, 所有无机卤化物的 perovskites 都取得了长足的发展, 与 sanehira 等人2017年的研究报告一样, 一些设备效率被测量到超过 13% .6基于有机和无机的 perovskites 都有与激光7、8、9、10、发光二极管11、12,13、高能辐射检测14, 照片检测15,16, 当然光伏应用5,15,17,18.在过去的近十年中, 科学家和工程师出现了许多不同的合成技术, 从溶液处理方法到真空气相沉积技术,都有 19、20、21。采用溶液处理法合成的卤化物钙钛矿是有利的, 因为它们很容易被用作喷墨打印的油墨15。
1987年, 首次报告了使用喷墨打印太阳能电池的情况。此后, 科学家和工程师们一直在寻找成功打印所有具有有吸引力性能和低实施成本的无机太阳能电池的方法.与一些常见的真空基制造方法相比, 喷墨打印太阳能电池有许多优点。喷墨打印方法的一个重要方面是使用基于溶液的材料作为油墨。这为许多不同材料的试验打开了大门, 例如无机钙钛盐基油墨, 这些油墨可以通过简单的湿法合成。换句话说, 太阳能电池材料的喷墨打印是快速成型的低成本途径。喷墨打印还具有能够在柔性基板上打印大片区域的优点, 并可在大气条件下通过设计进行打印。此外, 喷墨打印非常适用于批量生产, 允许现实的低成本轧辊到轧辊实现23,24。
本文首先讨论了合成喷墨打印用无机钙钛矿量子点油墨的步骤。然后, 我们描述了准备印刷油墨的其他步骤, 以及使用市售喷墨打印机打印光敏胶片的实际步骤。最后, 我们讨论了印刷薄膜的表征, 这对于确保薄膜具有适当的化学和晶体成分以实现高质量的器件性能是必要的。

<table>
	<tbody>
		<tr>
			<td>Oleic acid, 90%</td>
			<td>Sigma Aldrich</td>
			<td>364525</td>
			<td>Technical grade</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Oleylamine, 70%</td>
			<td>Sigma Aldrich</td>
			<td>O7805</td>
			<td>Technical grade</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>1-octadecene, 90%</td>
			<td>Sigma Aldrich</td>
			<td>O806</td>
			<td>Technical grade</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Acetone, &#62;95%</td>
			<td>Fisher</td>
			<td>67641</td>
			<td>Certified ACS</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Cesium Carbonate, 99%</td>
			<td>Chem-Impex</td>
			<td>1955</td>
			<td>Assay</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Hexane, 98.5%</td>
			<td>Sigma Aldrich</td>
			<td>178918</td>
			<td>Mixture of isomers</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Cyclohexane, 99.9%</td>
			<td>Sigma Aldrich</td>
			<td>110827</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Lead(II) bromide, 98%</td>
			<td>Sigma Aldrich</td>
			<td>211141</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Lead(II) iodide, 99%</td>
			<td>Sigma Aldrich</td>
			<td>211168</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

inkjet printing all inorganic halide perovskite inks for photovoltaic applications

介绍了一种利用合成的油墨合成光活性无机钙钛矿量子点油墨的方法和喷墨打印机沉积方法。油墨的合成是建立在简单的湿化学反应的基础上的, 喷墨打印协议是一种简单的分步方法。采用 x 射线衍射、光学吸收光谱、光致发光光谱和电子传输测量等方法对喷墨打印薄膜进行了表征。印刷量子光片的 x 射线衍射表明, 其晶体结构与正交室温相一致, 方向 (001)。结合其他表征方法, x 射线衍射测量表明, 通过喷墨打印方法可以获得高质量的薄膜。

晶体结构表征
对无机钙钛矿的合成具有重要的晶体结构特征。x 射线衍射 (xrd) 在室温下在衍射仪上使用1.54 波波长 cu-kα光源在空气中进行。使用上述协议应导致一个室温正交晶体结构的 cspbbr3量子点油墨, 如图 8a 所示。
xrd 结果, 如<strong class="xfi...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Inkjet Printing All Inorganic Halide Perovskite Inks for Photovoltaic Applications at JoVE.com

Inkjet Printing All Inorganic Halide Perovskite Inks for Photovoltaic Applications

介绍了一种用于喷墨打印的无机-铅卤化物混合量子点油墨合成协议, 以及利用后表征技术在喷墨打印机中制备和打印量子点油墨的协议。

用于光伏应用的喷墨打印所有无机舱齐德 perovskite 油墨

A method for synthesizing photoactive inorganic&#160;perovskite quantum dot inks and an inkjet printer deposition method, using the synthesized inks, are ...

该技术的主要优点是，它非常适合大面积沉积，快速原型设计和打印设计，这表明高潜力的卷到卷制造。虽然该系统可以提供无机光伏的洞察，它也可以应用于其他系统，如有机光伏或生物物理学。展示化学合成程序的将是梅森·麦考密克，一个来自西尼茨基实验室的本科生。来自伊利实验室的迪伦·里士满将展示印迹程序。为了准备，将二氧化氢前体添加到含有2.54厘米磁性搅拌棒的三颈圆底瓶中，添加0.203克碳酸氢元素10毫升的八角酸和1.025毫升的油酸。通过橡胶隔膜将温度计放入圆底烧瓶的颈部之一。接下来，将橡胶隔膜放入圆形底部烧瓶的剩余颈部之一，然后通过施伦克线将第三个颈部连接到氮气管。将混合物放在氮气下。将混合物加热至150摄氏度，以399毫米/秒的搅拌速度不断搅拌，直到碳酸镉完全溶解。在此之后，将温度降至 100 摄氏度，以避免沉淀和分解氦气，并继续以 399 毫米/秒的搅拌速度搅拌。为了准备，油胺铅溴化物前体加入1.35毫摩尔的溴化铅37.5毫升的八角苯7.5毫升的奥拉基胺和3.75毫升的油酸到三颈圆底烧瓶中含有一个磁性搅拌棒。接下来，将温度计放入圆形底部烧瓶的颈部，用聚合物薄膜密封。将橡胶隔膜放在圆形底部烧瓶的剩余颈部之一，然后通过施伦克线将第三个颈部连接到氮气管系。将混合物放在氮气中。将混合物加热至100摄氏度，以599毫米/秒的搅拌速度不断搅拌，直到溴化铅完全溶解。现在，用不断搅拌将混合物加热到170摄氏度，并在温度达到170摄氏度时观察颜色变化为深黄色。继续在 170 摄氏度下搅拌。使用两毫升玻璃注射器与10厘米长18量针从三个颈部圆底烧瓶中提取1.375毫升的二氧化硅烯酸酯前体。快速将这种前体注入含有油胺铅溴化物前体的三颈圆底烧瓶中。等待五秒钟后，将三个颈部圆底烧瓶从热中取出，浸入冰水浴中。将三个颈部圆底烧瓶中的溶液均等分离成两个试管。在每个上一液溶液中加入25毫升丙酮。接下来，使用2431.65G的离心机分离量子点，在室温下分离5分钟。现在溶解分离的量子点在10至25毫升的环氧烷。确保墨水在所需位置打印，在磁盘边缘绘制一条直线，然后继续到 CD 磁盘托盘上。将所需的基材放在打印在磁盘上的墨迹图像上，并使用双面胶带等粘合剂将其连接到磁盘上。在填充墨盒之前，请确保正确将橙色盖安装到墨盒底部，以防止墨水溢出。使用移液器将准备好的量子点墨水注入墨盒顶部。墨盒填充到所需数量的墨水后，用橡胶隔膜将顶部塞到顶部，并小心地取下橙色盖。接下来，将墨盒放在打印机头中，并确保墨盒已卡入到位。然后插入剩余的墨盒，然后再继续执行下一步。此时，打印机将接受磁盘托盘，并在基板上打印永久光。打印完成后，检查实际打印到基材上的油墨是否堵塞是常见的问题。最后在基材上握住一个紫外线灯，检查打印是否成功，并观察到发光膜。合成无机无一样晶的特性对确认晶体结构至关重要。X射线除射结果表明，使用本协议准备的晶体化溴化氢量子点油墨在喷墨印刷过程中保持正交室温。众所周知，这些无机的过氧化物量子点的光学特性对无机原子和卤化物原子的量子点大小和光度测量很敏感。溴化铀的光致发光剖面显示峰值约为 520 纳米，光学吸收剖面显示在 440 纳米左右的兴奋峰值。在黑暗和光线条件下，对印刷薄膜进行电流电压和电容电压测量，如下所示。在照明下，测量的种类呈线性增加，表示薄膜具有光活性。当没有照明时，薄膜在暗条件下的电容非常低。从这里可以看到。在光照明下，零偏置测量电容增加，这是薄膜具有光活性的另一种迹象。尝试此过程时，必须记住保持打印机头和垫片尽可能干净。这将最终决定成功的打印。按照此过程，可以执行其他方法，如探针显微镜和时间解析的发光，以回答其他问题，如什么是表面端接和表面形态，什么是兴奋重新组合动力学。这项技术开发后，为化学、物理和材料科学领域的研究人员探索由有机和无机半导体材料及相关器件接口组成的卷对卷就绪光伏系统铺平了道路。这项技术被证明是一个伟大的教育工具，因为它被引入在内布拉斯加州大学林肯大学的上层无机化学实验室课程，向学生介绍各种重要的概念，从钙化合成和量子大小影响到光伏和可再生能源。不要忘记，使用铅基产品和溶剂（如六烷、环丙烷或丙酮）可能极其危险，执行此程序时应始终采取预防措施，例如使用适当的防护服和适当的通风。

Research

JoVE Journal

Chemistry

Preparation of Hydrophobic Metal-Organic Frameworks via Plasma Enhanced Chemical Vapor Deposition of Perfluoroalkanes for the Removal of Ammonia

增强型氟烷烃的化学气相沉积等离子通过疏水金属 - 有机骨架的制备氨的去除

Plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) of perfluoroalkanes has long been studied for tuning the wetting properties of surfaces. For high ...

科研

化学

Mizoroki-Heck Cross-coupling Reactions Catalyzed by Dichloro{bis[1,1',1''-(phosphinetriyl)tripiperidine]}palladium Under Mild Reaction Conditions

Mizoroki-Heck Cross-coupling Reactions Catalyzed by Dichloro{bis[1,1',1''-phosphinetriyltripiperidine]}palladium Under Mild Reaction Conditions

Mizoroki-哎呀交叉偶联反应由二氯{双[1,1&#39;，1&#39;&#39;  - （phosphinetriyl）tripiperidine]}钯催化在温和的反应条件

Dichloro-bis(aminophosphine) complexes of palladium with the general formula of [(P{(NC5H10)3-n(C6H11)n})2Pd(Cl)2] (where n = 0-2), belong to a new family ...

Diffuse Reflectance Infrared Spectroscopic Identification of Dispersant/Particle Bonding Mechanisms in Functional Inks

弥漫分散剂/粒子绑定机制反射红外光谱鉴定功能性油墨

In additive manufacturing, or 3D printing, material is deposited drop by drop, to create micron to macroscale layers.  A typical inkjet ink is a colloidal ...

The Synthesis of [Sn10(Si(SiMe3)3)4]2- Using a Metastable Sn(I) Halide Solution Synthesized via a Co-condensation Technique

The Synthesis of [Sn10SiSiMe334]2- Using a Metastable SnI Halide Solution Synthesized via a Co-condensation Technique

的合成[锡<sub&gt; 10</sub&gt;（SI（SIME<sub&gt; 3</sub&gt;）<sub&gt; 3</sub&gt;）<sub&gt; 4</sub&gt;]<sup&gt; 2</sup<sup&gt; -</sup&gt;使用亚稳锡（I）卤溶液通过共缩聚合成技术

The number of well-characterized metalloid tin clusters, synthesized by applying the disproportionation of a metastable Sn(I) halide in the presence of a ...

Insights into the Interactions of Amino Acids and Peptides with Inorganic Materials Using Single-Molecule Force Spectroscopy

洞察氨基酸和多肽与无机材料的使用相互作用的单分子力谱

The interactions between proteins or peptides and inorganic materials lead to several interesting processes. For example, combining proteins with minerals ...

Low Pressure Vapor-assisted Solution Process for Tunable Band Gap Pinhole-free Methylammonium Lead Halide Perovskite Films

可调谐带隙无针孔 Methylammonium 铅卤化物钙钛矿薄膜的低压蒸气辅助解决工艺

Organo-lead halide perovskites have recently attracted great interest for potential applications in thin-film photovoltaics and optoelectronics. Herein, ...

Simple Methods for the Preparation of Non-noble Metal Bulk-electrodes for Electrocatalytic Applications

用于制备用于电催化应用的非贵金属体电极的简单方法

The rock material pentlandite with the composition Fe4.5Ni4.5S8 was synthesized via high temperature synthesis from the elements. The structure and ...

Stereolithographic 3D Printing with Renewable Acrylates

Stereolithographic 3D 印刷用可再生丙烯酸酯

The accessibility of cost-competitive renewable materials and their application in additive manufacturing is essential for an efficient biobased economy. ...

Solution-Processed "Silver-Bismuth-Iodine" Ternary Thin Films for Lead-Free Photovoltaic Absorbers

无铅光伏吸收剂的溶液处理 "银铋碘" 三元薄膜

Bismuth-based hybrid perovskites are regarded as promising photo-active semiconductors for environment-friendly and air-stable solar cell applications. ...

Reactive Inkjet Printing and Propulsion Analysis of Silk-based Self-propelled Micro-stirrers

基于丝绸的自行式微搅拌器的反应式喷墨打印及推进分析

In this study, a protocol for using reactive inkjet printing to fabricate enzymatically propelled silk swimmers with well-defined shapes is reported. The ...