Name: two-vessel occlusion mouse model of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion
Uploaded: 2019-03-01T13:30:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Two-vessel Occlusion Mouse Model of Cerebral Ischemia-reperfusion at JoVE.com

这项工作得到了台湾科技部 (最大部分106-2320-b-038-024、最-ec-93-008-my3 和最十 104-2320-b-424-001) 和台北医科大学医院 (107tmuh-sp-01) 的支持。这份手稿是由华莱士学术编辑编辑。

中央研究院和台北医科大学的机构动物护理和使用委员会批准了这一实验动物使用协议。
1. mcao"再灌注模型
<ol><li>为老鼠提供免费用水和食物, 直到手术。</li>
	<li>高压灭菌手术工具, 并使用70% 乙醇对手术台和设备进行消毒。戴外科口罩和无菌手套。如果在一个实验中进行多个鼠标手术, 请使用干珠消毒器对手术工具进行再消毒。</li>
	<li>通过腹腔注射, 使用0.8% 的水合氯醛, ?...

<ol>
	<li>Woodruff, T. M., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Pathophysiology,+treatment,+and+animal+and+cellular+models+of+human+ischemic+stroke.">Pathophysiology, treatment, and animal and cellular models of human ischemic stroke.</a> Molecular Neurodegeneration. 6 (1), 11 (2011).</li><li>Chamorro, A., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+immunology+of+acute+stroke.">The immunology of acute stroke.</a> Nature Reviews. Neurology. 8 (7), 401-410 (2012).</li><li>Engel, O., Kolodziej, S., Dirnagl, U., Prinz, V. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Modeling+stroke+in+mice+-+Middle+cerebral+artery+occlusion+with+the+filament+model.">Modeling stroke in mice - Middle cerebral artery occlusion with the filament model.</a> Journal of Visualized Experiments. (47), e2423 (2011).</li><li>Lee, G. A., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Interleukin+15+blockade+protects+the+brain+from+cerebral+ischemia-reperfusion+injury.">Interleukin 15 blockade protects the brain from cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury.</a> Brain, Behavior, and Immunity. 73, 562-570 (2018).</li><li>Barone, F. C., Knudsen, D. J., Nelson, A. H., Feuerstein, G. Z., Willette, R. 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C., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=A+comparison+of+strain-related+susceptibility+in+two+murine+recovery+models+of+global+cerebral+ischemia.">A comparison of strain-related susceptibility in two murine recovery models of global cerebral ischemia.</a> Brain Research. 868 (1), 14-21 (2000).</li><li>Doyle, K. P., Fathali, N., Siddiqui, M. R., Buckwalter, M. S. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Distal+hypoxic+stroke:+a+new+mouse+model+of+stroke+with+high+throughput,+low+variability+and+a+quantifiable+functional+deficit.">Distal hypoxic stroke: a new mouse model of stroke with high throughput, low variability and a quantifiable functional deficit.</a> Journal of Neuroscience Methods. 207 (1), 31-40 (2012).</li><li>Doyle, K. P., Buckwalter, M. S. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=A+mouse+model+of+permanent+focal+ischemia:+Distal+middle+cerebral+artery+occlusion.">A mouse model of permanent focal ischemia: Distal middle cerebral artery occlusion.</a> Methods in Molecular Biology. , 103-110 (2014).</li><li>Wayman, C., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Performing+Permanent+Distal+Middle+Cerebral+with+Common+Carotid+Artery+Occlusion+in+Aged+Rats+to+Study+Cortical+Ischemia+with+Sustained+Disability.">Performing Permanent Distal Middle Cerebral with Common Carotid Artery Occlusion in Aged Rats to Study Cortical Ischemia with Sustained Disability.</a> Journal Of Visualized Experiments. (108), e53106 (2016).</li><li>Noor, R., Wang, C. X., Shuaib, A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Effects+of+hyperthermia+on+infarct+volume+in+focal+embolic+model+of+cerebral+ischemia+in+rats.">Effects of hyperthermia on infarct volume in focal embolic model of cerebral ischemia in rats.</a> Neuroscience Letters. 349 (2), 130-132 (2003).</li><li>Florian, B., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Long-term+hypothermia+reduces+infarct+volume+in+aged+rats+after+focal+ischemia.">Long-term hypothermia reduces infarct volume in aged rats after focal ischemia.</a> Neuroscience Letters. 438 (2), 180-185 (2008).</li><li>Carmichael, S. T. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Rodent+models+of+focal+stroke:+size,+mechanism,+and+purpose.">Rodent models of focal stroke: size, mechanism, and purpose.</a> NeuroRx: The Journal of the American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics. 2 (3), 396-409 (2005).</li><li>Lin, T. N., Te, J., Huang, H. C., Chi, S. I., Hsu, C. Y. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Prolongation+and+enhancement+of+postischemic+c-fos+expression+after+fasting.">Prolongation and enhancement of postischemic c-fos expression after fasting.</a> Stroke. 28 (2), 412-418 (1997).</li><li>Glazier, S. S., O'Rourke, D. M., Graham, D. I., Welsh, F. A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Induction+of+ischemic+tolerance+following+brief+focal+ischemia+in+rat+brain.">Induction of ischemic tolerance following brief focal ischemia in rat brain.</a> Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism: Official Journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism. 14 (4), 545-553 (1994).</li><li>Tachibana, M., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Early+Reperfusion+After+Brain+Ischemia+Has+Beneficial+Effects+Beyond+Rescuing+Neurons.">Early Reperfusion After Brain Ischemia Has Beneficial Effects Beyond Rescuing Neurons.</a> Stroke. 48 (8), 2222-2230 (2017).</li><li>Gan, Y., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Ischemic+neurons+recruit+natural+killer+cells+that+accelerate+brain+infarction.">Ischemic neurons recruit natural killer cells that accelerate brain infarction.</a> Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 111 (7), 2704-2709 (2014).</li><li>Li, M., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Astrocyte-derived+interleukin-15+exacerbates+ischemic+brain+injury+via+propagation+of+cellular+immunity.">Astrocyte-derived interleukin-15 exacerbates ischemic brain injury via propagation of cellular immunity.</a> Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 114 (3), E396-E405 (2017).</li><li>Wang, S., Zhang, H., Dai, X., Sealock, R., Faber, J. E. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Genetic+architecture+underlying+variation+in+extent+and+remodeling+of+the+collateral+circulation.">Genetic architecture underlying variation in extent and remodeling of the collateral circulation.</a> Circulation Research. 107 (4), (2010).</li></ol>

mcao·再灌注小鼠模型是一种常用于模拟人类短暂性脑缺血的动物模型。该动物模型可应用于转基因小鼠和敲除小鼠菌株, 探讨脑卒中的病理生理学。协议中的几个步骤尤其重要。(1) 在头骨上创建孔时, 必须小心使用微钻头, 不适当的操作很容易导致 mca 出血。(2) mca 不应损坏, 在结扎手术前后必须避免出血。mca 损伤影响缺血性脑的再灌注水平7。必须在 mcao 之后检查 mca 再灌注状态?...

脑缺血再灌注小鼠模型是研究缺血所致脑损伤1的最常用的实验方法之一.由于脑缺血再灌注激活外周免疫系统, 外周免疫细胞浸润到缺血性脑, 并造成神经元损伤2。因此, 一个可靠的和可复制的小鼠模型, 模仿脑缺血再灌注是必要的, 以了解中风的病理生理学。
c57bl/6j (b6) 小鼠是中风实验中最常用的菌株, 因为它们很容易被基因操纵。有两种常见的模拟脑缺血再灌注状况的 mcao·再灌注模型。第一种是近端 mcao 的腔内长丝模型, 其中采用硅涂层长丝对 mca 中的血流进行血管内闭塞;随后将闭塞的长丝取出, 以恢复血液流动3。短的闭塞持续时间会导致皮质下区域的病变, 而较长的闭塞持续时间会导致皮质和皮质下区域的梗塞。第二个模型是远端 mcao 的结扎模型, 它包括 mca 和 cca 的血管外结扎, 以减少通过 mca 的血液流动, 之后通过切除缝合线和动脉瘤夹 4恢复血液流动。在这种模型中, 皮质区域发生梗死, 死亡率较低。由于 mcao\ 再灌注模型的结扎需要颅骨切除术来暴露远端 mca 的部位, 因此可以很容易地确认该部位, 并检查在手术过程中远端 mca 的血流是否中断是很简单的。
b6 小鼠在威利斯圆圈的解剖结构上表现出相当大的变化;这可能会影响脑缺血再灌注5,6, 7 后的梗死体积。目前, 这个问题可以通过远端 mca8的结扎来解决。在这项研究中, 我们建立了一种方法, 以闭塞 mca 血流和使再灌注后预定的缺血期。脑缺血再灌注模型的双血管闭塞通过右远端 mca 和右 cca 的结扎, 引起 mca 区域的短暂性缺血, 在一定时期的缺血后恢复血液流动。这种 mcao\ 再灌注模型诱导了一个大小稳定的梗塞, 在缺血性脑中的大量脑浸润免疫细胞, 并在脑缺血再灌注4后的行为缺陷。

<table>
	<tbody>
		<tr>
			<td>Bone rongeur</td>
			<td>Diener</td>
			<td></td>
			<td>Friedman</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Buprenorphine</td>
			<td>Sigma</td>
			<td>B-044</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Cefazolin</td>
			<td>Sigma</td>
			<td>1097603</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Chloral hydrate</td>
			<td>Sigma</td>
			<td>C8383</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Dissection microscope</td>
			<td>Nikon</td>
			<td>SMZ-745</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Electric clippers</td>
			<td>Petpro</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>10% formalin</td>
			<td>Sigma</td>
			<td>F5304</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Germinator dry bead sterilizer</td>
			<td>Braintree Scientific</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Iris Forceps</td>
			<td>Karl Klappenecker</td>
			<td></td>
			<td>10 cm</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Iris Scissors</td>
			<td>Diener</td>
			<td></td>
			<td>9 cm</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Iris Scissors STR</td>
			<td>Karl Klappenecker</td>
			<td></td>
			<td>11 cm</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Microdrill</td>
			<td>Stoelting</td>
			<td>FOREEDOM K.1070</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Micro-scissors-Vannas</td>
			<td>HEISS</td>
			<td>H-4240</td>
			<td>blade 7mm, 8 cm</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Mouse brain matrix</td>
			<td>World Precision Instruments</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Non-invasive blood pressure system</td>
			<td>Muromachi</td>
			<td>MK-2000ST</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Operating Scissors STR</td>
			<td>Karl Klappenecker</td>
			<td></td>
			<td>14 cm</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Physiological Monitoring System</td>
			<td>Harvard Apparatus</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Razor blades</td>
			<td>Ever-Ready</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Stoelting Rodent Warmers</td>
			<td>Stoelting</td>
			<td>53810</td>
			<td>Heating pad</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Suture clip</td>
			<td>Stoelting</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Tweezers</td>
			<td>IDEALTEK</td>
			<td></td>
			<td>No.3</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Vetbond</td>
			<td>3M</td>
			<td>15672</td>
			<td>Surgical glue</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>10-0 suture</td>
			<td>UNIK</td>
			<td>NT0410</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>2,3,5-Triphenyltetrazolium chloride</td>
			<td>Sigma</td>
			<td>T8877</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

two-vessel occlusion mouse model of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion

本研究采用大脑中动脉闭塞小鼠模型对脑缺血再灌注进行研究。一种可重复、可靠的小鼠模型可用于探讨脑缺血再灌注的病理生理学, 确定脑卒中患者的潜在治疗策略。c57bl6 小鼠威利斯圆圈的变化影响其脑缺血损伤后的梗死体积。研究表明, 远端 mca 闭塞 (mcao) 可以克服这一问题, 并导致一个稳定的梗死大小。在本研究中, 我们建立了一个双血管闭塞小鼠模型的脑缺血再灌注通过中断血液流向右 mca。我们将右 mca 和右颈总动脉 (cca) 进行远端连接, 并在一定时期的缺血后恢复血液流动。这种缺血再灌注损伤会诱发大小稳定的梗塞和行为缺陷。外周免疫细胞在24小时浸润期内浸润缺血性脑。此外, 在更长的再灌注时间内, 皮质区域的神经元丢失较少。因此, 该双血管闭塞模型适用于研究脑缺血后再灌注期的免疫反应和神经元恢复情况。

这种 mcao\ 再灌注程序在右 mca 附近产生了皮质梗塞, 并造成了行为缺陷。通过增加结扎时间, 在右 mca 区域的大脑皮层中产生了不同程度的缺血引起的梗死体积 (图 1a、b) 和神经元丢失 (图 1c, d)。这种 mcao\ 再灌注损伤减少了动物在 mcao\ 再灌注后48小时的运动活动 (图 2)。大部分外周?...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Two-vessel Occlusion Mouse Model of Cerebral Ischemia-reperfusion at JoVE.com

Two-vessel Occlusion Mouse Model of Cerebral Ischemia-reperfusion

脑缺血再灌注的双血管闭塞小鼠模型

建立脑缺血再灌注小鼠模型, 探讨脑卒中的病理生理。我们将右大脑中动脉和右颈总动脉进行远端结扎, 在10或40分钟缺血后恢复血液流动。

In this study, a middle cerebral artery (MCA) occlusion mouse model is employed to study cerebral ischemia-reperfusion. A reproducible and reliable mouse ...

这种脑缺血-再灌注双血管遮挡小鼠模型可以研究中风的病理生理学。该模型将诱导一个稳定的脑梗塞体积渗入免疫细胞在缺血大脑和脑缺血-再灌注后的行为缺陷。在此模型中，在皮质区域引起梗塞，死亡率较低。由于结扎 MCAO 再灌注模型需要颅骨切除术来暴露开骨 MCA 的大小，因此可以轻松确认其大小，并且检查在手术过程中，开胃 MCAO 中的血液流动是否中断是简单的。在手术前，为老鼠提供免费水和食物。使用手术工具进行手术，并使用70%乙醇对手术台和设备进行消毒。麻醉8至12周大的小鼠后，确保它没有任何踏板反射时，测试使用坚定的脚趾捏。使用兽医软膏，以防止眼睛干燥，而鼠标麻醉。要监测血压，首先去除头发，然后使用非侵入性血压系统和生理监测系统来监测直肠温度和动脉血气。用预防性抗生素注射小鼠皮下。接下来，将鼠标放在加热垫上的上点位置。要暴露皮肤，请使用电动剪子剃光腹颈区域和右眼和右耳之间的区域的毛皮。用脱毛霜清除动物体内的毛皮，用70%乙醇对手术部位进行消毒。然后用虹膜剪刀在颈部切开一厘米长的中线切口。使用虹膜钳，仔细解剖普通胡萝卜动脉，摆脱迷走神经，而不会造成身体伤害，并使用5-0丝缝合线隔离动脉。接下来，使用虹膜剪刀在右眼和右耳之间的中点头皮上做一个0.3厘米的切口。使用微型剪刀，切割时态肌肉，以暴露酶和鳞状骨。将鼠标放在立体解剖显微镜下，并使用微钻直接在右侧深中脑动脉上形成一个两毫升孔。使用 10-0 缝合线将右侧端心 MCA 的树干进行缝合，并使用非创伤动脉瘤夹遮挡右侧 CCA。在缺血所需的持续时间后，取出缝合线和动脉瘤夹，以恢复血液流向 MCA 和 CCA。使用缝合夹密封头部的皮肤切口，用手术胶密封宫颈皮肤切口。注射丁丙诺啡皮下疼痛缓解。将动物的体温保持在36.5°C或零下0.5摄氏度，在完全从麻醉中恢复之前，不要无人看管或将体温归还给其他动物。最后，将鼠标放入自动通道笼中，以便它完全恢复后可以自由获取水和食物。使用虹膜剪刀在麻醉和斩首的老鼠头部皮肤上切口，以暴露头骨。然后用手术剪刀切割前骨的前身，然后用虹膜剪刀，沿着缝合线切割头骨。用骨骨，推开正面和面骨，露出大脑。取出大脑，并将其放在鼠标大脑矩阵中。使用剃须刀刀片获得两毫升冠状切片，并将它们放在 50 毫升管中，管子中填充 5 毫升 2%TTC。当使用小鼠大脑矩阵获得日冕切片时，切割大小在不同的大脑中应相同。切割大小会影响大脑切片的大小，这也会影响梗塞大小的计算。在37摄氏度下用2%TTC和1X PBS将脑片染色10分钟，然后用10%的甲醛冲洗两次。在室温下将大脑切片固定为10%的细胞，24小时。干燥纸巾上的大脑切片以吸收多余的甲醛后，将它们排列在干净的塑料幻灯片上，将其从 rostral 定向到骨面体，然后用另一个干净的塑料幻灯片盖住它们。使用扫描仪扫描幻灯片。翻转幻灯片，然后扫描反面。使用 ImageJ 软件计算每个部分的梗塞面积，首先打开图像文件并设置图像比例。然后使用徒手选择来选择梗塞区域，并使用兴趣 ROI 管理器区域测量感兴趣区域。最后，对每个部分的梗塞区域进行求和，将结果乘以节厚以估计总梗塞量，然后完成手稿中描述的统计分析。在此 MCAO 再灌注过程中，缺血持续时间的增加在右 MCA 区域的大脑皮层产生了不同程度的缺血引起的梗塞体积和神经元损失。此外，缺血在MCAO再灌注后48小时减少了动物的运动活动。脑缺血再灌注后，大量外周免疫细胞渗入缺血脑的异血半球。此外，当将双容器遮挡模型与 MCAO 模型进行比较时，其梗塞体积没有显著差异。在头骨上制造孔时，必须小心使用微型钻头。使用不适当的操作，容易引起 MCA 的出血。MCA 不应损坏，在结扎程序之前和之后必须避免出血。可激光多普勒检查 MCA 遮挡和再灌注状态。该方法可以确认MCA血流的情况。

Research

JoVE Journal

Medicine

Mouse Model of Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion

大脑中动脉闭塞的小鼠模型

Stroke is the most common fatal neurological disease in the United States 1. The majority of strokes (88%) result from blockage of blood vessels in the ...

科研

医学

Normothermic Cardiac Arrest and Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation: A Mouse Model of Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury

常温心脏骤停和心肺复苏术：缺血再灌注损伤的小鼠模型

Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) is a common, highly lethal, complication of critical illness which has a high mortality1-4 and which is most 
frequently caused ...

Stem Cell Transplantation in an in vitro Simulated Ischemia/Reperfusion Model

Stem Cell Transplantation in an in vitro Simulated Ischemia/Reperfusion Model

在干细胞移植在体外模拟缺血/再灌注模型

Stem cell transplantation protocols are finding their way into clinical practice1,2,3. Getting better results, making the protocols more robust, and ...

Optimized System for Cerebral Perfusion Monitoring in the Rat Stroke Model of Intraluminal Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion

优化系统的脑灌注监测在中风模型大鼠的大脑中动脉闭塞腔内

The translational potential of pre-clinical stroke research depends on the accuracy of experimental modeling. Cerebral perfusion monitoring in animal ...

Ischemia-reperfusion Model of Acute Kidney Injury and Post Injury Fibrosis in Mice

急性肾损伤和伤后纤维化小鼠缺血再灌注模型

Ischemia-reperfusion induced acute kidney injury (IR-AKI) is widely used as a model of AKI in mice, but results are often quite variable with high, often ...

Reproducable Paraplegia by Thoracic Aortic Occlusion in a Murine Model of Spinal Cord Ischemia-reperfusion

可重放截瘫胸主动脉阻断脊髓缺血再灌注的小鼠模型

Background
Lower extremity paralysis continues to complicate aortic interventions. The lack of understanding of the underlying pathology has hindered ...

Murine Model of Intestinal Ischemia-reperfusion Injury

肠缺血再灌注损伤的小鼠模型

Intestinal ischemia is a life-threatening condition associated with a broad range of clinical conditions including atherosclerosis, thrombosis, ...

A Mouse Model of Retinal Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury Through Elevation of Intraocular Pressure

视网膜缺血再灌注损伤的小鼠模型通过眼压升高

Retinal ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) is a pathophysiological process contributing to cellular damage in multiple ocular conditions, including glaucoma, ...

A Pre-clinical Rat Model for the Study of Ischemia-reperfusion Injury in Reconstructive Microsurgery

重建显微外科缺血再灌注损伤研究的临床前大鼠模型

Ischemia-reperfusion injury is the main cause of flap failure in reconstructive microsurgery. The rat is the preferred preclinical animal model in many ...

Organ Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury by Simulating Hemodynamic Changes in Rat Liver Transplant Model

器官缺血-输液损伤模拟大鼠肝脏移植模型的血动力学变化

Orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) in rats is a tried and proven animal model used for preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative studies, ...