Name: an electrochemical cholesteric liquid crystalline device for quick and low-voltage color modulation
Uploaded: 2019-02-27T14:30:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about An Electrochemical Cholesteric Liquid Crystalline Device for Quick and Low-Voltage Color Modulation at JoVE.com

我们感谢 riken 紧急物质科学中心的 tajima keisuke 博士进行了宝贵的讨论。这项工作的一部分是在日本教育、文化、体育、科学和技术部的支持下, 在东京大学先进表征纳米技术平台上进行的。这项工作得到了 jsps 科学研究补助金 (s) (18h05260) 的资助, 该赠款资助了 t. a. y. 的 "基于多尺度界面分子科学的创新功能材料", 感谢 jps 为挑战而提供的赠款探索性研究 (16k14062)。s. t. 感谢 jsps 青年科学家奖学金。

1. 胆固醇 lc 混合物的制备
<ol><li>加入84.6 毫克5OCB 和5.922 毫克的fc d 19 (3.1 摩尔% 至 5OCB) 到一个干净的10毫升玻璃瓶。</li>
	<li>加入12.9 毫克 emim-otf 和10毫升二氯甲烷 (ch2cl2), 加入一个新的清洁10毫升玻璃瓶, 搅拌均匀。将 emim-otf 溶液的 2.1 ml 转移到5OCB-和fcd 瓶中。轻轻摇晃小瓶, 让所有的成分混合得很好。</li>
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<ol>
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在将 + 1.5 v 应用于顶部 ito 电极 (图 1c) 时, fcd会经过氧化反应以产生fcd+。由于fcd+ (101μm-1,图 1b)的螺旋扭转功率低于fcd </s...

胆固醇液晶 (lc) 是已知的表现出明亮的反射颜色, 因为它们的内部螺旋分子排列1,2,3,4。反射波长由螺旋螺距p和 lc 的平均折射率n ( = np) 决定。这种 lc 可以通过掺杂手性化合物 (手性掺杂物) 到向列 c 产生, 其螺旋音高由方程 p = 1/βm m c 定义, 其中βm 是螺旋扭转力 (htp), c 是摩尔人手性掺杂的分数。基于这一概念, 各种手性掺杂物能够对各种刺激做出反应, 如光5、6、7、8、热9、磁场10和气体11已开发。这些特性可能适用于各种应用, 如传感器12和激光13, 14, 15,以及16、17、18.
最近, 我们开发了第一个反应氧化还原的手性掺杂 fcd (图 1a)19 , 它可以改变其 htp 值, 以响应氧化还原反应。fcd由一个二茂铁单元组成, 它可以经历可逆转的氧化还原反应20,21, 22, 和一个双酚基单元, 已知表现出较高的 htp 值23。在支持电解质存在的情况下, 掺杂fcd的胆固醇 lc 可以在 + 1.5 v 和 0 v 的电压下分别在 2.7 s 内改变其反射颜色, 并在 2.7 s 中恢复其原始颜色。在迄今报告的任何其他胆固醇 lc 设备中, 观察到的该装置的高响应速度和低工作电压都是前所未有的。
胆固醇 lc 的重要应用之一是在反射显示器, 其能耗远远低于传统的 lc 显示器。为此, 胆固醇 lc 应改变其反射颜色与电刺激。然而, 以前的大多数方法都利用了应用的电刺激和宿主 lc 分子之间的电耦合, 这需要超过 40 v24、25、26、27 的高压 ,28。对于电响应手性掺杂剂的使用, 只有几个例子29, 30 包括我们以前的工作31, 这也需要高电压和低响应速度。考虑到这些之前的工作, 我们的 fcd 掺杂胆固醇 lc 设备的性能, 特别是快速的颜色调制速度 (0.4秒) 和低工作电压 (1.5 v), 是一个突破性的成就, 可以大大为下一代反光显示器的发展做出贡献。在这个详细的协议中, 我们演示了原型胆固醇 lc 显示设备的制造工艺和操作过程。

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	<tbody>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:579px;">1-Ethyl-3-methylimidazolium Trifluoromethanesulfonate, 98%</td>
			<td style="width:211px;">TCI</td>
			<td style="width:163px;">E0494</td>
			<td style="width:343px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:579px;">4-Cyano-4&#39;-pentyloxybiphenyl, 98%</td>
			<td style="width:211px;">TCI</td>
			<td style="width:163px;">C1551</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:579px;">Diamond tipped glass cutter</td>
			<td style="width:211px;">AS ONE</td>
			<td style="width:163px;">6-539-05</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:579px;">Dichloromethane, 99.5%</td>
			<td style="width:211px;">KANTO CHEMICAL</td>
			<td style="width:163px;">10158-2B</td>
			<td>HPLC grade</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:579px;">Differential Scanning Calorimeter</td>
			<td style="width:211px;">METTLER TOLEDO</td>
			<td style="width:163px;">DSC 1</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Digital microscope&#160;</td>
			<td style="width:211px;">KEYENCE</td>
			<td style="width:163px;">VHX-5000</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:579px;">Extran MA01</td>
			<td style="width:211px;">Merck</td>
			<td style="width:163px;">107555</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:579px;">Fully ITO-coated glass plate</td>
			<td style="width:211px;"></td>
			<td style="width:163px;"></td>
			<td>Costum order, Resistance: ~30&#937;</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:579px;">Glass beads</td>
			<td style="width:211px;">Thermo Fisher Scientific</td>
			<td style="width:163px;">9005</td>
			<td>5 &#177; 0.3 &#956;m in diameter</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:579px;">Hot stage</td>
			<td style="width:211px;">INSTEC</td>
			<td style="width:163px;">mK1000</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:579px;">ITO-patterned glass plate</td>
			<td style="width:211px;"></td>
			<td style="width:163px;"></td>
			<td>Costum order, Resistance: ~30&#937;</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:579px;">Oil rotary vacuum pump</td>
			<td style="width:211px;">SATO VAC</td>
			<td style="width:163px;">TSW-150</td>
			<td>Pressure: ~5 Pa</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Optical adhesive</td>
			<td style="width:211px;">Noland</td>
			<td style="width:163px;">NOA81</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:579px;">Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene), bis-poly(ethyleneglycol), lauryl terminated</td>
			<td style="width:211px;">Sigma Aldrich</td>
			<td style="width:163px;">687316</td>
			<td>0.7 wt% (dispersion in nitromethane)</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Potentiostat</td>
			<td style="width:211px;">TOHO TECHNICAL RESEARCH</td>
			<td style="width:163px;">PS-08</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Rubbing machine</td>
			<td style="width:211px;">EHC</td>
			<td style="width:163px;">MRJ-100S</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:579px;">Spectrophotometer</td>
			<td style="width:211px;">JASCO</td>
			<td style="width:163px;">V-670 UV/VIS/NIR</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:579px;">Spin coater</td>
			<td style="width:211px;">MIKASA</td>
			<td style="width:163px;">1H-D7</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:579px;">Ultrapure water</td>
			<td style="width:211px;">Merck&#160;</td>
			<td style="width:163px;">Milli-Q Integral 3</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:579px;">Ultrasonic bath</td>
			<td style="width:211px;">AS ONE</td>
			<td style="width:163px;">ASU-2</td>
			<td>Power: 40 W</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Ultrasonic soldering</td>
			<td style="width:211px;">KURODA TECHNO</td>
			<td style="width:163px;">SUNBONDER USM-IV</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:579px;">UV lamp</td>
			<td style="width:211px;">AS ONE</td>
			<td style="width:163px;">SLUV-4</td>
			<td>Power: 4 W</td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

an electrochemical cholesteric liquid crystalline device for quick and low-voltage color modulation

我们演示了一种制造原型反射显示装置的方法, 该装置包含作为活性成分的胆固醇液晶 (lc)。胆固醇 lc 由一个向列向 lc 4 '-五氯-4-氰基联 (5OCB)、氧化还原反应手性掺杂剂 (fcd) 和一个支持电解质 1-乙基-3-甲基咪唑三氟甲烷磺酸酯 (emim-otf) 组成。最重要的组件是fcd。该分子改变其螺旋扭转功率 (htp) 值, 以响应氧化还原反应。因此, lc 混合物中的原位电化学氧化还原反应允许设备根据电刺激改变反射颜色。lc 混合物通过毛细管作用被引入到一个三明治型 ito 玻璃电池中, 该玻璃电池由两个玻璃滑块组成, 带有图案的氧化钛 (ito) 电极, 其中一个被涂上 poly(3,4 乙基二氧氧噻嗪)-共聚(乙烯)掺杂高氯酸盐 (pedot+) 的乙二醇。应用 + 1.5 v 后, 设备的反射颜色在0.4秒内从蓝色 (467 nm) 变为绿色 (485 nm), 随后应用 0 v 使设备恢复到 2.7 s 的原始蓝色。该器件的特点是其最快的电气响应和最低的工作电压在任何以前报告的胆固醇 lc 设备。该器件可为下一代低能耗反射显示器的开发铺平道路。

为含有fcd掺杂的 lc 器件采集了510纳米的照片、透射率谱和时间相关的透射率变化剖面 (3.1 摩尔%)在 emim-otf 存在的情况下的胆固醇 lc (3.0 摩尔%)在37°c 的电压应用周期为0至 + 1.5 v。
含有fcd ( 3.1 摩尔%)、emim-otf (3.0 摩尔%) 的 lc 混合物5OCB 在冷却时表现...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about An Electrochemical Cholesteric Liquid Crystalline Device for Quick and Low-Voltage Color Modulation at JoVE.com

An Electrochemical Cholesteric Liquid Crystalline Device for Quick and Low-Voltage Color Modulation

提出了一种用于制造反射式胆固醇液晶显示装置的协议, 该显示装置包含一种能快速、低电压操作的反应还原反应的手性掺杂剂。

一种用于快速和低压彩色调制的电化学胆固醇液晶器件

We demonstrate a method for fabricating a prototype reflective display device that contains cholesteric liquid crystal (LC) as an active component. The ...

众所周知，胆固醇液晶具有明亮的反应颜色，快速调色对于下一代反射显示器的发展非常重要。我们的方法实现了最快的色彩调制，为胆固醇液晶实现了有史以来最低的工作电压。关键是 FcD 。手性多普剂与氧化还原反应的重面扭曲力量。演示这个程序的将是博士后 Tokunaga 和来自我们实验室的研究生曾孟燕。要开始制备胆固醇液晶混合物，请将84.6毫克的5OCB和5.922毫克的FcD放入10毫升玻璃瓶中。在单独的小瓶中，在10毫升二氯甲烷中溶解12.9毫克的EMIm-OTf。将 2.1 毫升的 EMIm-OTf 溶液转移到液晶混合物中，通过轻轻摇动小瓶将组件混合好。然后，用铝箔盖住小瓶，用针打铝箔上的几个孔。在 80 摄氏度下加热溶液一小时，蒸发大部分 DCM。将小瓶置于真空下，再加热一小时，取出剩余的 DCM，以获得透明橙色的液晶混合物。接下来，开始准备 ITO 玻璃，切割一块 10 比 10 毫米的玻璃，其图案为 ITO，形状为所需形状，10 比 12 毫米的标准 ITO 玻璃片。将两块 ITO 玻璃放在稀释的表面活性剂中，无需触摸。将 60 毫升碱性表面活性剂溶液和 240 毫升超纯水混合在 500 毫升玻璃容器中。在稀释碱性表面活性剂中对板进行声波化30分钟。然后，将表面活性剂去掉，然后用200毫升的超纯水冲洗盘子。执行此冲洗过程总共三次。用 300 毫升超纯水重新填充容器。将盘子声化20分钟。然后把水去。用这种方式用超纯水总共清洗盘子三次。最后，用氮气流擦干干净的盘子，并把它们储存在干净的一次性培养皿中。将盘子放在干净的干燥器中。为了开始制备细胞，通过称量在硝基甲烷中分散PEDOT60分钟，使0.7%的声波化，以确保聚合物的分散性良好。然后，将清洁标准 ITO 玻璃固定到旋转涂布器上，然后用氮气吹枪清除 ITO 涂层表面的灰尘。小心地将 50 微升新鲜声波的 PEDOT 分散剂涂抹到 ITO 表面，并在 1000 RPM 转速下旋转板材 60 秒。之后，让涂层板在环境空气中静坐一小时。接下来，将带图案的 ITO 板固定到装有人造丝布的摩擦机中。在氮气流下彻底擦擦 ITO 图案表面。然后，在无尘区域，将一滴光学胶粘剂与同样大小的 5 微米硅酸盐玻璃珠混合。将 PEDOT 涂层板面朝上放在工作空间上。将约0.2立方毫米的胶粘剂混合物涂抹在板的一个狭窄一侧的每个角落。将两部分胶粘剂涂抹在离该侧 8 毫米远的地方，在板上形成 8 到 10 毫米的矩形。将带图案的 ITO 板面朝下放在胶粘剂上，一条边沿 PEDOT 涂层板与跌落部分对齐，使板偏移约两毫米。轻轻按下单元格的角，实现板之间的均匀间隙，如细胞中边缘图案消失所示。用 365 纳米紫外线照射电池 20 秒以设置粘合剂。在100摄氏度的热板上加热电池3小时，以完成胶粘剂固化。最后，通过超声波煎炒将装有电汇器夹的导电导线连接到每个板上裸露的 ITO 表面。使用绝缘胶带将玻璃电池的电线固定到显微镜幻灯片上，以便以后更容易处理。在 80 摄氏度下加热 ITO 玻璃、小铲子和胆固醇液晶混合物 10 至 15 分钟。然后，快速将少量热胆固醇液晶混合物转移到板与加热铲之间的间隙。细胞将在大约60秒内通过毛细管动作填充。一旦细胞充满，将级温度降至 37 摄氏度，并等待电池稳定在该温度下。轻轻按压液晶设备中心，以看到明亮的反射颜色，施加纯粹的力。然后，将设备放在数字光学显微镜下的热舞台顶部，使设备朝向镜头的图案侧。分别将带图案的和 PEDOT 涂层板连接到盆栽的正极和负端子。将盆栽配置为在应用 1.5 伏特 4 秒和 0 伏特（8 秒）之间交替应用。在循环电压时，使用数字显微镜观察和记录液晶设备的颜色变化。接下来，设置一个UV-vis分光光度计，扫描800至300纳米的透射量。在样品舱中放入一个小插孔，以容纳热级。将液晶装置放在热板上以保暖，并获取空热阶段的背景测量。然后，将设备加载回热阶段，并放置到光谱仪中，带图案的侧朝向光束。使用深色布盖住样品室门和导线之间的间隙。等待几分钟，使设备稳定在 37 摄氏度。如有必要，调整热级的位置以最大限度地提高传输。然后，通过器件获取初始传输频谱。之后，对器件施加 1.5 伏特四秒钟，并立即获取传输频谱。测量完成后，对器件施加 0 伏，8 秒钟，然后获取另一个频谱。最后，记录510纳米的透射百分比，同时将电压循环在1.5伏特之间，循环4秒和0伏特，8秒5次。掺杂着奇性铁氧体双磷复数的胆固醇液晶，出现明亮的蓝色，反射带以467纳米为中心。将 1.5 伏特应用于与液晶溶液接触的 ITO 电极，将反射带转移到 485 纳米的中心。氧化的胆固醇液晶在未氧化的蓝色环境中出现明亮的青色到绿色。反射带在电极上施加 0 伏电压后移回 467 纳米，并相应地恢复蓝色反射颜色。由于方向障碍的增加，由于重复循环，传输率略有下降，但通过对设备施加纯粹的力来修复。颜色从蓝色到青色在 0.4 秒内发生，返回变化需要 2.7 秒。或者应用 1.5 伏特 0.5 秒，在 5 秒内应用 0 伏，导致电极闪烁。尝试该过程时，组装单元格时请注意。单元格的质量决定了设备的显示图像的质量。您可以使用循环电压测量确定用于操作器件的适当电压范围。电子光谱的X射线可以证实液晶材料中氧化部分的出现。通过精确调整氧化还原反应性奇罗尔多普丹和其他成分的化学结构，我们可以开发新型的反射显示器，如全彩电子纸。进一步研究我国甲醇多普的机理，可以深化胆汁液晶的基础研究，其中奇罗尔诱导的分子机制尚不清楚。

Research

JoVE Journal

Chemistry

Dynamic Electrochemical Measurement of Chloride Ions

氯离子的动态电化学测试

This protocol describes the dynamic measurement of chloride ions using the transition time of a silver silver chloride (Ag/AgCl) electrode. Silver silver ...

科研

化学

Synthesis of Programmable Main-chain Liquid-crystalline Elastomers Using a Two-stage Thiol-acrylate Reaction

的可编程主链液晶性弹性体用双级硫醇丙烯酸酯反应合成

This study presents a novel two-stage thiol-acrylate Michael addition-photopolymerization (TAMAP) reaction to prepare main-chain liquid-crystalline ...

Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy as a Tool for Electrochemical Rate Constant Estimation

电化学阻抗谱作为电化学速率常数估计的一种工具

Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) was used for advanced characterization of organic electroactive compounds along with cyclic voltammetry (CV). ...

Phthalic Acid Ester-Binding DNA Aptamer Selection, Characterization, and Application to an Electrochemical Aptasensor

邻苯二甲酸酯结合 DNA 核酸适体的选择、表征及其在电化学 Aptasensor 中的应用

Phthalic acid esters (PAEs) areone of the major groups of persistent organic pollutants. The group-specific detection of PAEs is highly desired due to the ...

Synthesis and Performance Characterizations of Transition Metal Single Atom Catalyst for Electrochemical CO2 Reduction

Synthesis and Performance Characterizations of Transition Metal Single Atom Catalyst for Electrochemical CO2 Reduction

电化学 CO2还原的过渡金属单原子催化剂的合成及性能表征

This protocol presents both the synthesis method of the Ni single atom catalyst, and the electrochemical testing of its catalytic activity and selectivity ...

Microfluidic Preparation of Liquid Crystalline Elastomer Actuators

液晶弹性体致动器的微流控制备

This paper focuses on the microfluidic process (and its parameters) to prepare actuating particles from liquid crystalline elastomers. The preparation ...

Preparation of Graphene-Supported Microwell Liquid Cells for In Situ Transmission Electron Microscopy

Preparation of Graphene-Supported Microwell Liquid Cells for In Situ Transmission Electron Microscopy

石墨烯支持的微井液体细胞制备,用于原位透射电子显微镜

The fabrication and preparation of graphene-supported microwell liquid cells (GSMLCs) for in situ electron microscopy is presented in a stepwise protocol. ...

High-Contrast and Fast Photorheological Switching of a Twist-Bend Nematic Liquid Crystal

扭曲弯曲的液晶的高对比度和快速光圈开关

Smart viscoelastic materials that respond to specific stimuli are one of the most attractive classes of materials important to future technologies, such ...

Asymmetric Thermoelectrochemical Cell for Harvesting Low-grade Heat under Isothermal Operation

用于在等温操作下收集低档热量的不对称热电化学电池

Low-grade heat is abundantly available in the environment as waste heat. The efficient conversion of low-grade heat into electricity is very difficult. We ...

ARL Spectral Fitting as an Application to Augment Spectral Data via Franck-Condon Lineshape Analysis and Color Analysis

ARL 光谱拟合作为通过 Franck-Condon 线形分析和颜色分析增强光谱数据的应用

The ARL Spectral Fitting application provides a free, publicly accessible, and fully transparent method for performing Franck-Condon Lineshape Analysis ...