Name: in vivo protocol of controlled subconcussive head impacts for the validation of field study data
Uploaded: 2019-04-18T15:00:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about In Vivo Protocol of Controlled Subconcussive Head Impacts for the Validation of Field Study Data at JoVE.com

作者要感谢安吉拉·维兴女士, 她是我们在代表性研究部分引用的研究的关键贡献者。

作者核实印第安纳大学机构审查委员会批准了这项研究 (议定书 # 1610743422), 并获得了书面知情同意。
注: SSHM 被纳入了一个重复的措施设计, 其目的是调查与个别干预前值相比, 受试者在0小时、2小时和24小时干预后的因变量之间的变化。这项研究设计允许研究人员跟踪24小时内的变化, 这是运动练习之间的典型时间框架。在本研究中, 足球运动员被随机分配到足球头球 (n =...

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虽然像美国足球这样的接触运动似乎正在推动对研究亚震荡影响的简洁研究模型的需求, 但足球等其他运动可能在全球范围内占了大约265种亚震荡接触的主要份额百万人参加了也许是世界上最受欢迎的运动.然而, 虽然大多数疑似长期神经退行性影响的小脑震荡已在美国足球运动员的尸检, 足球头部撞击的相似程度惊人地很大。例如, 在目前的研究中, 10 轮足球航向产生了大约 300...

长期、反复接触亚脑震荡头部撞击被认为是患上神经退行性疾病 cte1、2、3、4、5的主要贡献者之一.每年约有250万高中和大学运动员参加接触运动, 这些运动经常通过身体和头部6、7 的快速加速减速引起这些亚脑震荡侮辱。具体而言, 接触体育运动员每个赛季第6、8、9可能会经历几次多达 1, 000次这样的影响。此外, 自2001年以来, 其他人口, 如军人, 头部受伤超过 300 000 人, 这已体现在一名退役退伍军人中最近对 CTE 的诊断中.这一诊断与美国足球运动员的110名尸检 cte 大脑和4名死后足球运动员的诊断结果相似, 提出了一个新兴的公共卫生问题 11,12。鉴于惊人的流行率, 头部撞击研究必须转移目光, 纳入声音、精确的方法来分析急性债务亚震荡打击在各种领域的诱惑。
这里介绍的 SSHM 是一个满足目前的方法需要, 以安全地诱导常见的机械应力放置在神经组织在接触运动活动。该模型的实施使调查人员能够仔细管理球的行驶速度、撞击频率、间隔、球体放置到头部, 以及测量头部撞击幅度 13, 14.虽然这些因素在野外环境中几乎不可能控制, 但 SSHM 为研究人员提供了一个渠道, 以隔离亚震荡头部撞击的影响。此外, 通过消除在游戏过程中看到的混淆变量 (例如剧烈运动、身体损伤、体温变化和水化汗液的影响), SSHM 提供了一种更好的方法来验证临床观察结果.
SSHM 与体育领域内的头部撞击有直接的相似之处。因此, 文献已经开始显示其效用, 并证实了其他调查人员对累积头部撞击负担的调查结果。例如, 我们已经证明, 下脑震荡头部的负担影响显著推动神经眼功能障碍的足球运动员 13,15.此外, 仅有10次亚脑震荡撞击被证明会立即引起前庭功能的困扰, 在休息16的24小时后, 前庭功能可以正常化。在这份方法报告中, 我们描述了 SSHM 在安全研究亚震荡头部撞击影响方面的应用, 并介绍了我们的一个发现, 即重复的亚脑震荡头部撞击逐渐增加神经元源的浓度血液生物标志物, 即 NF-L14。这一发现不仅证实了以前的结果 nf-l 存在, 由于重复的下震荡打击头部 17,18, 而且也证明 sshm 可以重现这种发现在一个可控的临床方式。

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in vivo protocol of controlled subconcussive head impacts for the validation of field study data

亚撞命中对神经元健康构成威胁, 因为它们已被证明能诱发神经元结构损伤和功能障碍, 而不会引起外在的症状, 并且似乎是一种不可逆转的神经退行性疾病的主要促成因素, 慢性创伤性脑病 (CTE)。此外, 运动员每个赛季可能会遭受超过 1, 000次这样的打击。亚震荡足球航向模型 (SSHM) 是一种相关的、可重复的、领先的隔离和检验这些亚冲击头撞击影响的方法。通过控制球的移动速度、撞击频率、间隔、球体放置到头部等变量, 以及通过测量头部撞击幅度, SSHM 为科学界提供了一个调查急性疾病的优越途径。对神经元健康的影响。本文论证了 SSHM 在研究神经纤维轻多肽 (NF-L) 在等离子体中的时间过程表达中的应用。NF-L 是一种轴突损伤标记, 此前已被证明在脑震荡下头部外伤后, 在拳击手和足球运动员中被提升。34名成年足球运动员被招募, 并被随机分配到一个足球标题 (n = 18) 或踢 (n = 16) 组。航向组执行了10个头球, 足球以每小时25英里/小时超过10分钟的速度投射。踢法小组遵循同样的协议, 进行了 1 0次踢法。在启动后, 在0小时、2小时和24小时处获得血浆样本, 并对 NF-L 表达进行评估。标题组的血浆 NF-L 表达率逐渐增加, 在标题协议后的24小时达到高峰, 而踢腿组在各个时间点上保持不变。这些结果证实了来自临床实地研究的 NF-L 数据, 鼓励使用 SSHM 来验证临床下脑震荡数据。

这里所代表的结果是从以前的第14条解释的, 其中使用了上文所述的最高管理机制。在这项特殊的研究中, 我们的目的是展示如何 sshm 可以诱导血浆水平的变化 NF-L, 这是一个轴突损伤标记, 假设过滤出头颅和外周血后头部撞击。
SSHM 和头部运动学
目前?...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about In Vivo Protocol of Controlled Subconcussive Head Impacts for the Validation of Field Study Data at JoVE.com

In Vivo Protocol of Controlled Subconcussive Head Impacts for the Validation of Field Study Data

亚冲击足球航向模型是一种安全、简洁的方法, 用于隔离和测量亚冲击头撞击的影响。

控制下冲击头冲击的活体协议对现场研究数据的验证

Subconcussive hits pose a threat to neuronal health as they have shown to induce neuronal structural damage and functional impairment without causing ...

反复的头部撞击是一个复杂的公共卫生问题。该协议是一种安全且可重复的方法，用于验证临床发现是否是由于头部撞击或噪音因素造成的。从球速和冲击位置到运动效果和体温，该模型为研究人员提供了一种研究亚脑震荡头部冲击的综合方法。该模型允许研究人员验证临床发现，超越脑源血液生物标志物的急性特征，并用于调查眼部运动功能、前庭系统等的扰动。在游戏过程中，头部会以各种方式与球接触。因此，重要的是要像文献中描述的那样形象化足球标题模型。在基线测量收集前干预后，定位一个足球发射器约40英尺远的主题。并确认用于试验的足球已被夸大到每平方英寸9磅。机器的面显示两个相同的表盘，用于调节左右车轮的速度，并在两者之间安装开/关开关。将两个表盘设置为标准化选择速度，并在球发射器的车轮下放置三英寸方块，以允许所需的轨迹。放置最后一个方块后，将发射器角度定在旋转轮的地面和中线之间 40 度。接下来，将三轴加速度计与嵌入的头部带口袋配合使用，该口袋位于外部腹管正下方，以监控线性和旋转头部加速度。在开始熟悉试验之前，向主题解释球发射器将发射足球，并且与球的接触只需要模拟试验。接下来，向主题解释在干预试验期间应如何进行接触。例如，标题主体应只使前额接触球，避免对冠、表骨和时间骨骼的潜在影响。最后，踢对象应使下肢接触球，而它是在飞行。例如，标题主体在头部与球接触之前，会抓住前额前面的球。踢人会用脚把球困在地上，而不是把球扔回去。当主体准备就绪时，打开球发射器，将一个足球加载到蓝色导轨上。接下来，从三倒数到一，把球推入旋转的轮子。主体应按照指示停止球。然后，让主体将球滚回来，再重复两到四次试验，以确保主体定位正确，并且与球的交互是安全的和控制。一旦主体对如何进行适当的接触感到自在，您可以开始干预试验。如有必要，请向主题重申如前所述，适当的接触需要什么。接下来，指示标题和踢对象将球排回目标研究人员约一半的距离到机器。尽可能模仿球向主体飞行时的轨道。将足球加载到蓝色导轨上，在三、二、一倒计时后将球推入旋转的车轮，确保进行适当的接触。然后重复干预九次，两回合之间休息60秒。干预结束后，关闭球发射器并停止三轴记录，然后取下头带。这些代表性数据来自34个主题。各群体之间的任何人口特征没有显著差异。头部撞击运动学数据显示，标题组经历了中位线性头部加速度，即每头撞击31.8 G力，中位旋转头部撞击为3.56千克/秒，每头撞击方为3.56千克。相比之下，控制踢组没有显示可检测到的头部加速度水平。在踢对象中，10个头后，血浆神经丝光多肽表达每小时逐渐增加，对踢对组没有类似的显著时间效应。后续分析进一步表明，与前标题相比，在标题后24小时出现显著差异，与干预后24小时踢对组相比。熟悉协议将确保参与者的安全和统一影响。因此，重要的是要描述和让每个参与者练习标题技术，直到他们感到舒服。该协议是一个强大的工具，可用于验证神经成像，听觉反应，保护齿轮评估，以及治疗因素的临床试验。

Research

JoVE Journal

Behavior

Method for Simultaneous fMRI/EEG Data Collection during a Focused Attention Suggestion for Differential Thermal Sensation

微分热感集中注意建议期间同步 fMRI/EEG 数据收集方法

In the present work, we demonstrate a method for concurrent collection of EEG/fMRI data. In our setup, EEG data are collected using a high-density ...

科研

行为学

Assessment and Evaluation of the High Risk Neonate: The NICU Network Neurobehavioral Scale

评估和高危新生儿的评价：新生儿重症监护病房的网络神经行为量表

There has been a long-standing interest in the assessment of the neurobehavioral integrity of the newborn infant.  The NICU Network Neurobehavioral Scale ...

A Procedure to Study the Effect of Prolonged Food Restriction on Heroin Seeking in Abstinent Rats

一个过程来研究延长食品的限制对海洛因寻求戒断大鼠的影响

In human drug addicts, exposure to drug-associated cues or environments that were previously associated with drug taking can trigger relapse during ...

fMRI Validation of fNIRS Measurements During a Naturalistic Task

的fNIRS功能磁共振成像测量验证过程中一个自然主义任务

We present a method to compare brain activity recorded with near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) in a dance video game task to that recorded in a reduced ...

A Protocol for Housing Mice in an Enriched Environment

在丰富环境的协议房屋小鼠

Environmental enrichment (EE) is a housing environment for mice that boosts mental and physical health compared to standard laboratory housing. Our recent ...

A Structured Rehabilitation Protocol for Improved Multifunctional Prosthetic Control: A Case Study

结构化的康复协议改进的多功能假肢控制：一个案例研究

Advances in robotic systems have resulted in prostheses for the upper limb that can produce multifunctional movements. However, these sophisticated ...

Protocol for Data Collection and Analysis Applied to Automated Facial Expression Analysis Technology and Temporal Analysis for Sensory Evaluation

协议进行数据采集和分析应用到自动人脸表情分析技术和时序分析感官评价

We demonstrate a method for capturing emotional response to beverages and liquefied foods in a sensory evaluation laboratory using automated facial ...

Feeding Experimentation Device (FED): Construction and Validation of an Open-source Device for Measuring Food Intake in Rodents

Feeding Experimentation Device FED: Construction and Validation of an Open-source Device for Measuring Food Intake in Rodents

饲养实验装置（FED）：建筑和验​​证的开源设备的在鼠害测量摄食

Food intake measurements are essential for many research studies. Here, we provide a detailed description of a novel solution for measuring food intake in ...

Basic Methods for the Study of Reproductive Ecology of Fish in Aquaria

鱼类生殖生态学研究的基本方法

Captive-rearing observations are valuable for revealing aspects of fish behavior and ecology when continuous field investigations are impossible. Here, a ...

The Unpredictable Chronic Mild Stress Protocol for Inducing Anhedonia in Mice

诱导小鼠快感缺失的不可预测慢性轻度应力协议

Depression is a highly prevalent and debilitating condition, only partially addressed by current pharmacotherapies. The lack of response to treatment by ...