Name: electroretinogram recording in larval zebrafish using a novel cone-shaped sponge-tip electrode
Uploaded: 2019-03-27T15:00:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Electroretinogram Recording in Larval Zebrafish using A Novel Cone-Shaped Sponge-tip Electrode at JoVE.com

该项目的资金由墨尔本神经科学研究所 (向 PTG、PRJ & BVB 提供) 的赠款提供。

所有电子标志图 (ERG) 程序都是根据澳大利亚国家卫生和医学研究委员会动物护理和使用业务守则的规定进行的, 并得到了机构动物伦理委员会的批准。墨尔本大学。
1. 缓冲器准备
<ol><li>使用反渗透 (ro) 水制备10倍金鱼响铃的缓冲液 (1.25 Mm ncl、26 mm Kcl、25 mm ccl2、10 Mm Mgcl 2、100 mM 葡萄糖、100 mm hepes)。将缓冲液调整到 pH 7.8, 并使用0.22μm 过滤器对缓冲液进行灭菌...

<ol>
	<li>Roper, C., Tanguay, R. L., Slikker, W., Paule, M. G., Wang, C. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=.">.</a> Handbook of Developmental Neurotoxicology (Second Edition). , 143-151 (2018).</li><li>Nguyen, C. T., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Simultaneous+Recording+of+Electroretinography+and+Visual+Evoked+Potentials+in+Anesthetized+Rats.">Simultaneous Recording of Electroretinography and Visual Evoked Potentials in Anesthetized Rats.</a> Journal of visualized experiments: JoVE. , e54158 (2016).</li><li>Chrispell, J. D., Rebrik, T. I., Weiss, E. R. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Electroretinogram+analysis+of+the+visual+response+in+zebrafish+larvae.">Electroretinogram analysis of the visual response in zebrafish larvae.</a> Journal of visualized expriment: JoVE. (97), (2015).</li><li>Seeliger, M. W., Rilk, A., Neuhauss, S. C. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Ganzfeld+ERG+in+zebrafish+larvae.">Ganzfeld ERG in zebrafish larvae.</a> Documenta Ophthalmologica. 104 (1), 57-68 (2002).</li><li>Fleisch, V. C., Jametti, T., Neuhauss, S. C. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Electroretinogram+(ERG)+Measurements+in+Larval+Zebrafish.">Electroretinogram (ERG) Measurements in Larval Zebrafish.</a> Cold Spring Harbor Protocols. 2008, (2008).</li><li>Biehlmaier, O., Neuhauss, S. C., Kohler, K. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Synaptic+plasticity+and+functionality+at+the+cone+terminal+of+the+developing+zebrafish+retina.">Synaptic plasticity and functionality at the cone terminal of the developing zebrafish retina.</a> Developmental Neurobiololgy. 56 (3), 222-236 (2003).</li><li>Gestri, G., Link, B. A., Neuhauss, S. C. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+visual+system+of+zebrafish+and+its+use+to+model+human+ocular+diseases.">The visual system of zebrafish and its use to model human ocular diseases.</a> Developmental Neurobiololgy. 72 (3), 302-327 (2012).</li><li>Saszik, S., Bilotta, J., Givin, C. M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=ERG+assessment+of+zebrafish+retinal+development.">ERG assessment of zebrafish retinal development.</a> Visual Neuroscience. 16 (5), 881-888 (1999).</li><li>Niklaus, S., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Cocaine+accumulation+in+zebrafish+eyes+leads+to+augmented+amplitudes+in+the+electroretinogram.">Cocaine accumulation in zebrafish eyes leads to augmented amplitudes in the electroretinogram.</a> Matters. 3 (6), e201703000003 (2017).</li><li>Tanvir, Z., Nelson, R. F., DeCicco-Skinner, K., Connaughton, V. P. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=One+month+of+hyperglycemia+alters+spectral+responses+of+the+zebrafish+photopic+ERG.">One month of hyperglycemia alters spectral responses of the zebrafish photopic ERG.</a> Disease models &#38; mechanisms. , (2018).</li><li>Kakiuchi, D., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Oscillatory+potentials+in+electroretinogram+as+an+early+marker+of+visual+abnormalities+in+vitamin+A+deficiency.">Oscillatory potentials in electroretinogram as an early marker of visual abnormalities in vitamin A deficiency.</a> Molecular medicine reports. 11 (2), 995-1003 (2015).</li><li>Emran, F., Rihel, J., Adolph, A. R., Dowling, J. E. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Zebrafish+larvae+lose+vision+at+night.">Zebrafish larvae lose vision at night.</a> Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. , (2010).</li><li>Makhankov, Y. V., Rinner, O., Neuhauss, S. C. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=An+inexpensive+device+for+non-invasive+electroretinography+in+small+aquatic+vertebrates.">An inexpensive device for non-invasive electroretinography in small aquatic vertebrates.</a> Journal of Neuroscience Methods. 135 (1-2), 205-210 (2004).</li><li>Bilotta, J., Saszik, S., Sutherland, S. E. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Rod+contributions+to+the+electroretinogram+of+the+dark-adapted+developing+zebrafish.">Rod contributions to the electroretinogram of the dark-adapted developing zebrafish.</a> Developmental Dynamics. 222 (4), 564-570 (2001).</li><li>Cameron, M. A., Barnard, A. R., Lucas, R. J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+electroretinogram+as+a+method+for+studying+circadian+rhythms+in+the+mammalian+retina.">The electroretinogram as a method for studying circadian rhythms in the mammalian retina.</a> Journal of genetics. 87 (5), 459-466 (2008).</li><li>Bui, B. V., Armitage, J. A., Vingrys, A. J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Extraction+and+modelling+of+oscillatory+potentials.">Extraction and modelling of oscillatory potentials.</a> Documenta Ophthalmologica. 104 (1), 17-36 (2002).</li><li>Bui, B. V., Fortune, B. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Ganglion+cell+contributions+to+the+rat+full-field+electroretinogram.">Ganglion cell contributions to the rat full-field electroretinogram.</a> The Journal of Physiology. 555 (1), 153-173 (2004).</li></ol>

在用于研究幼虫斑马鱼8、9、12、14的工具套件中, erg 等功能读数变得越来越重要。由于幼虫斑马鱼眼体积小, 在大多数公布的协议 3、4、5、8、9中,玻璃微管被改编为记录电极...

斑马鱼 (Daio rerio)已成为一种广泛使用的遗传脊椎动物模型, 包括视觉神经科学的研究。这种物种越来越受欢迎, 这是因为遗传操作容易、高度保守的脊椎动物视觉系统 (神经元类型、解剖形态和组织以及潜在的遗传学)、高繁殖力等。与哺乳动物模式1相比, 畜牧业成本较低。非侵入性视网膜图 (erg) 长期以来一直被用于临床评估人类的视觉功能, 并在实验室环境中量化一系列大小物种的视力, 包括啮齿类动物和幼虫斑马鱼2,3,4 个,5. 最常分析的 erg 成分是 a 波和 b 波, 分别来自感光感受器和双极神经元间。在幼虫斑马鱼中, 通过受精后 3天 (dpf) 建立视网膜的不同层, 光感受器锥形末端突触的形态在 4 dpf6,7之前成熟。因此, 幼虫斑马鱼的视网膜外功能建立在 4 dpf 之前, 这意味着 ERG 是可测量的, 从这个早期开始。由于该模型的实验周期较短, 且具有高通量特性, ERG 已应用于幼虫斑马鱼的疾病模型功能评估、彩色视觉和视网膜发育分析、视觉生理节律研究等方面的应用。并检测药物8,9,10,11,12。
然而, 目前的方法对幼虫斑马鱼 ERG 有一些复杂性, 这可能会使其更难采用。已发布的幼虫斑马鱼 erg 协议通常使用充满导电液体的玻璃微型移液器作为记录电极3,4,5,13, 这需要高质量的微型移液器提示3。制造微管拉拔器等专用设备, 在某些情况下还需要微型锻造设备。这对资源有限的实验室来说可能是一个挑战, 即使在适应现有的小动物 ERG 系统来测量幼虫斑马鱼视觉功能时, 也会导致额外的费用。即使平滑时, 锐利的微型移液器尖端也会损坏幼虫眼睛的表面。此外, 用于电生理的商用微型移液器支架是用固定的银线建造的。这些固定的电线在重复使用后变得钝化, 需要购买新的支架, 从而增加维护成本。
在这里, 我们描述了一种 erg 方法使用锥形海绵尖端记录电极, 这是特别有用的适应已建立的小动物 ERG 设置的幼虫斑马鱼 ERG 测量。该电极很容易使用普通的聚醋酸乙烯酯 (PVA) 海绵和细银丝, 无需任何其他专用设备。我们的数据表明, 这种新型电极具有足够的灵敏度和可靠性, 可以证明4至 7 dpf 之间的幼虫斑马神经回路的功能发展。这种经济实用的海绵尖电极可能有助于研究人员建立新的 ERG 系统或修改现有的小动物系统, 用于斑马鱼的研究。

<table>
	<tbody>
		<tr>
			<td>0.22 &#181;m filter</td>
			<td>Millex GP</td>
			<td>SLGP033RS</td>
			<td>Filters the 10&#215; goldfish ringer&#39;s buffer for sterilizatio</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>1-mL syringe</td>
			<td>Terumo</td>
			<td>DVR-5175</td>
			<td>With a 30G &#215; &#189;&#34; needle to add drops of saline to the electrode sponge tip to prevent drying and increased noisein the ERG signals.</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>30G &#215; &#189;&#34; needle</td>
			<td>Terumo</td>
			<td>NN*3013R</td>
			<td>For adding saline toteh sopnge tip electrode.</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Bioamplifier</td>
			<td>ADInstruments</td>
			<td>ML135</td>
			<td>For amplifying ERG signals.</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Bleach solution&#160;</td>
			<td>King White</td>
			<td>9333441000973</td>
			<td>For an alternative method of sliver electrode chlorination. Active ingredient: 42 g/L sodium hypochlorite.</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Circulation water bath</td>
			<td>Lauda-Ko&#776;nigshoffen</td>
			<td>MGW Lauda</td>
			<td>Used to make the water-heated platfrom.</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Electrode lead</td>
			<td>Grass Telefactor</td>
			<td>F-E2-30</td>
			<td>Platinum cables for connecting silver wire electrodes to the amplifier.</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Faraday Cage</td>
			<td>Photometric Solution International&#160;</td>
			<td></td>
			<td>For maintianing dark adaptation and enclosing the Ganzfeld setup to improve signal-to-noise ratio.</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Ganzfeld Bowl</td>
			<td>Photometric Solution International&#160;</td>
			<td></td>
			<td>Custom designed light stimulator: 36 mm diameter, 13 cm aperture size.</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Luxeon LEDs</td>
			<td>Phillips Light Co.</td>
			<td></td>
			<td>For light stimulation twenty 5W and one 1W LEDs.</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Micromanipulator</td>
			<td>Harvard Apparatus</td>
			<td>BS4 50-2625</td>
			<td>Holds the recording electrode during experiments.</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Microsoft Office Excel</td>
			<td>Microsoft</td>
			<td>version 2010</td>
			<td>Spreadsheet software for data analysis.</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Moisturizing eye gel</td>
			<td>GenTeal Gel</td>
			<td>9319099315560</td>
			<td>Used to cover zebrafish larvae during recordings to avoiding dehydration. Active ingredient: 0.3 % Hypromellose and 0.22 % carbomer 980.</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Pasteur pipette</td>
			<td>Copan</td>
			<td>200C</td>
			<td>Used to caredully transfer larval zebrafish.</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Powerlab data acquisition system</td>
			<td>ADInstruments</td>
			<td>ML785</td>
			<td>Controls the LEDs to generate stimuli.</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>PVA sponge</td>
			<td>MeiCheLe</td>
			<td>R-1675</td>
			<td>For the placement of larval zebrafish and making the cone-shaped electrode ti</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Saline solution</td>
			<td>Aaxis Pacific</td>
			<td>13317002</td>
			<td>For electroplating silver wire electrode.</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Scope Software</td>
			<td>ADInstruments</td>
			<td>version 3.7.6</td>
			<td>Simultaneously triggers the stimulus through the Powerlab system and collects data</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Silver (fine round wire)</td>
			<td>A&#38;E metal</td>
			<td>0.3 mm</td>
			<td>Used to make recording and reference ERG electrodes.</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Stereo microscope&#160;</td>
			<td>Leica</td>
			<td>M80</td>
			<td>Used to shape and measure the cone-shaped sponge apex (with scale bar on eyepiece). Positioned in the Faraday cage for electrode placement.</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Tricaine&#160;</td>
			<td>Sigma-aldrich</td>
			<td>E10521-50G</td>
			<td>For anaethetizing larval zebrafish.</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Water-heated platform</td>
			<td>custom-made</td>
			<td></td>
			<td>For maintianing the temperature of the sponge platform and the larval body during ERG recordings</td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

electroretinogram recording in larval zebrafish using a novel cone-shaped sponge-tip electrode

斑马鱼 (dadio rerio)通常用作发育研究中的脊椎动物模型, 特别适用于视觉神经科学。对于视觉性能的功能测量, 电像 (ERG) 是一种理想的非侵入性方法, 在高等脊椎动物物种中已经很好地确立了这一方法。这种方法正越来越多地用于检查斑马鱼的视觉功能, 包括在早期发育幼虫阶段。然而, 迄今为止, 幼虫斑马鱼 ERG 最常用的记录电极是玻璃微移液器电极, 这需要专门的制造设备, 这对资源有限的实验室提出了挑战。在这里, 我们提出了一个幼虫斑马鱼 ERG 协议使用锥形海绵尖端电极。与玻璃微移液器相比, 新型电极更容易制造和处理, 更经济, 也更不容易损坏幼虫的眼睛。与先前发布的 ERG 方法一样, 目前的协议可以通过光感受器和双极细胞响应-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------该协议可以清楚地说明斑马鱼幼虫在整个早期发育过程中视觉功能的完善, 支持新型电极的实用性、灵敏度和可靠性。简化的电极是特别有用的, 当建立一个新的 ERG 系统或修改现有的小动物 ERG 设备的斑马鱼测量, 帮助研究人员在视觉神经科学使用斑马鱼模型生物。

本节提供了每天从4到 7 dpf 进行的 ERG 测量的代表性结果。从 4 dpf, ERG 反应显示鲁棒的 a 和 b 波成分, 这分别产生于光感受器和双极细胞。在每次测试时, b 波的振幅随光强的增加而增加 (图 2;图 3)。值得注意的是, 幼虫斑马鱼视网膜对变暗闪光的敏感性随着年龄的增长而增加。在强度低于-1.61 日志 cd. s m 2 的强度下, 在 4 dpf 时, a-o 和 b 波无?...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Electroretinogram Recording in Larval Zebrafish using A Novel Cone-Shaped Sponge-tip Electrode at JoVE.com

Electroretinogram Recording in Larval Zebrafish using A Novel Cone-Shaped Sponge-tip Electrode

一种新型锥形海绵尖电极在幼虫斑马鱼中的电录记录

在这里, 我们提出了一个协议, 简化测量光诱发视网膜图像反应从幼虫斑马鱼。一种新型锥形海绵尖电极可以使利用电视图 erg 更容易地实现幼虫斑马鱼的视觉发育, 结果可靠, 成本更低。

The zebrafish (Danio rerio) is commonly used as a vertebrate model in developmental studies and is particularly suitable for visual neuroscience. For ...

该协议有助于简化幼虫斑马鱼电雷素图或ERG的测量，为视觉发育和遗传疾病模型提供重要的功能读取。本协议中使用的记录电极的软海绵尖端使用经济且容易获得的材料易于制造，避免了对幼虫眼睛的潜在损坏。较软的海绵尖电极可以促进对同一只眼睛的重复 ERG 测量。对于此过程的新功能，可能会发现很难在整个过程中使用的昏暗的红色灯光下工作。但保持黑暗适应很重要。要准备锥形海绵记录电极，请从铂电极引线延长件上切开端，并使用手术刀从延长线的新端去除 10 毫米的外聚四氟乙烯绝缘涂层。切割一块直径 0.3 毫米的银线 40 毫米，用裸露的内线将银线缠绕在一起，将导线牢固地连接到电极引线上。用绝缘胶带包裹接头，使大约 15 毫米长的银线暴露在外。将另一根导线连接到蓄电池的负端子，然后将导线的另一端浸入盐水中。将外露的银线浸入普通盐水中，将另一端连接到九伏直流源的正端子。60 秒后，将导线放在吸水组织上晾干。同时，将20微20毫米的醋酸聚乙烯海绵切成锥形，将海绵在一次林格缓冲液中饱和。在光学显微镜下，用刻度杆在目镜上，使用手术刀刀片将圆锥体的顶点塑造成直径约 40 微米。在吸水纸巾上风干锥形海绵，直到它是固体。在将银线插入干燥的实心锥形醋酸酯海绵之前，使用遮罩胶带将多余的暴露金属绝缘，以减少光伏伪影。在实验当天，将海绵尖电极浸入林格的缓冲液中15分钟，使海绵完全饱和。在录音前至少8小时，将不超过20只斑马鱼幼虫放在一个15毫升的管子里，没有盖子，用铝箔包裹在黑暗的孵化器里。在孵化结束时，将深色适应的斑马鱼倒入发光二极管昏暗的红色照明下的培养皿中。要准备海绵平台，切一块聚乙烯醋酸海绵大致等于35毫米的培养皿的深度，使海绵将舒适地适合在盘中。通过海绵的一端垂直切入一个小切口，以容纳参考电极的银线，将海绵浸泡在金鱼环圈缓冲器中，直到海绵饱和。然后将海绵放入干净的 35 毫米培养皿中，并使用纸巾吸收多余的液体，直到海绵没有溶液在轻指按下散发。为了放置动物进行实验，使用三毫米巴斯德移液器将麻醉幼虫转移到三厘米三厘米方的纸巾上，并使用钳子将方块放在湿润的海绵上。使用浸泡在林格缓冲液中的细刷，调整幼虫的位置，一只眼睛朝上，远离幼虫下毛巾上的任何液体。用保湿眼凝胶对幼虫身体进行釉面，使动物在整个电雷蛋白记录中保持水分。将盘子放在位于法拉第笼子里的甘兹菲尔德碗前的一个小水加热平台上。将参考电极插入平台海绵中的切割中。将商业获得的接地电极连接到法拉第笼。将记录电极连接到电极支架，然后将支架固定到微操纵器的立体臂上。使用三毫米巴斯德移液器，用一滴林格溶液对电极的海绵尖端进行再饱和，将显微镜放在法拉第笼中的电雷基图平台上。使用吸水组织尖端从电极海绵尖端和显微镜下去除多余的液体，将有源电极放置，使海绵尖端轻轻地接触斑马鱼眼的中央角膜表面。然后将甘兹菲尔德碗移向海绵平台，注意幼虫被碗覆盖，并关闭笼子以减少无关的电磁噪声。幼虫斑马鱼视网膜对变暗的敏感度随着年龄的增长而增加。由于在受精后四天，在强度低于负1.61的原木中，无法识别强度低于负1.61的原木，而在较旧的幼虫的这些强度下，可以检测到清晰的信号。B波振幅在受精后四到五之间显著增加。在7天，信号在2.48原木，每平方米比5天和第6天施肥后更大。A 波和 b 波隐式时间在受精五天后变得明显加快。总的来说，这些结果表明斑马鱼视网膜功能在受精后四到七天成熟。要成功执行此协议，海绵必须完全饱和液体，这有助于保持记录电极的电导率并降低噪声水平。如果一波特别感兴趣，可以应用药理处理来阻止b波成分，从而暴露完整的一波。

Research

JoVE Journal

Developmental Biology

Live Imaging of Innate Immune and Preneoplastic Cell Interactions Using an Inducible Gal4/UAS Expression System in Larval Zebrafish Skin

先天免疫和癌前细胞间的相互作用使用可诱导的Gal4 / UAS表达系统在斑马鱼幼体皮肤实时成像

Here we describe a method to conditionally induce epithelial cell transformation by the use of the 4-Hydroxytamoxifen (4-OHT) inducible KalTA4-ERT2/UAS ...

科研

发育生物学

Microbead Implantation in the Zebrafish Embryo

微珠植入斑马鱼胚胎

The zebrafish has emerged as a valuable genetic model system for the study of developmental biology and disease. Zebrafish share a high degree of genomic ...

Tracking Cells in GFP-transgenic Zebrafish Using the Photoconvertible PSmOrange System

在GFP-转基因斑马鱼使用Photoconvertible PSmOrange系统追踪单元

The rapid development of transparent zebrafish embryos (Danio rerio) in combination with fluorescent labelings of cells and tissues allows visualizing ...

Analyzing In Vivo Cell Migration using Cell Transplantations and Time-lapse Imaging in Zebrafish Embryos

Analyzing In Vivo Cell Migration using Cell Transplantations and Time-lapse Imaging in Zebrafish Embryos

分析<em&gt;在体内</em&gt;细胞迁移使用细胞移植和时间推移成像在斑马鱼胚胎

Cell migration is key to many physiological and pathological conditions, including cancer metastasis. The cellular and molecular bases of cell migration ...

Using Touch-evoked Response and Locomotion Assays to Assess Muscle Performance and Function in Zebrafish

采用触摸诱发反应和运动测定以评估在斑马鱼肌肉性能和功能

Zebrafish muscle development is highly conserved with mammalian systems making them an excellent model to study muscle function and disease. Many ...

Dissection of Larval Zebrafish Gonadal Tissue

幼虫斑马鱼性腺组织的解剖

Although wild zebrafish possess a ZZ/ZW sex-determination system, domesticated zebrafish have lost the sex chromosome. They utilize a polygenic sex ...

Induction of Hypoxia in Living Frog and Zebrafish Embryos

诱导生活青蛙和斑马鱼胚胎缺氧

Here, we introduce a novel system for hypoxia induction, which we developed to study the effects of hypoxia in aquatic organisms such as frog and ...

A Novel Mammary Fat Pad Transplantation Technique to Visualize the Vessel Generation of Vascular Endothelial Stem Cells

新型乳腺脂肪移植技术可视化血管内皮干细胞的血管生成

Endothelial cells (ECs) are the fundamental building blocks of the vascular architecture and mediate vascular growth and remodeling to ensure proper ...

Establishment of Larval Zebrafish as an Animal Model to Investigate Trypanosoma cruzi Motility In Vivo

Establishment of Larval Zebrafish as an Animal Model to Investigate Trypanosoma cruzi Motility In Vivo

斑马鱼幼虫动物模型的建立研究锥虫运动性体内

Chagas disease is a parasitic infection caused by Trypanosoma cruzi, whose motility is not only important for localization, but also for cellular binding ...

Visualizing the Developing Brain in Living Zebrafish using Brainbow and Time-lapse Confocal Imaging

使用"彩虹"和"延时共聚焦成像"可视化活斑马鱼中发育中的脑

Development of the vertebrate nervous system requires a precise coordination of complex cellular behaviors and interactions. The use of high resolution in ...