Name: application of 3d printing in the construction of burr hole ring for deep brain stimulation implants
Uploaded: 2019-09-07T13:00:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Application of 3D Printing in the Construction of Burr Hole Ring for Deep Brain Stimulation Implants at JoVE.com

This work is supported by grants from Natural Science Fund of Guangdong Province (No. 2017A030313597) and Southern Medical University (No. LX2016N006, No. KJ20161102).

1. Drawing a two dimensional (2D)-image of a burr hole ring
<ol>
	<li>Open the 2D computer aided design (CAD) software and then create a graphical document.</li>
	<li>Click Draw | Line and draw a reference point with a solid line on the drawing. Click Modify | Offset, and type the specific offset distance in the command line.</li>
	<li>Click on the object and press by the left mouse button to create a solid line. Click Modify | Trim, select the area to be trimmed and c...

<ol>
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These results showed that the software used were practicable to build 3D models of burr hole rings (Figure 1 and Figure 2), and 3D printing can be used to build solid models with designated materials (Figure 4). In terms of the size of the solid model, there was an absolute error from 0 to 0.59 mm determined through the measurement made by Vernier calipers (Figure 6). To some extent, the error is unavoi...

3D printing has been applied in the medical field since the 1980s, especially in surgery for preoperative simulation, anatomical learning and surgical training1. For example, in cerebrovascular operations, preoperative simulation can be conducted by using 3D printed vascular models2. With the development of 3D printing, the texture, temperature, structure and weight of cerebral blood vessels can be simulated to the greatest extent of clinical scenarios. Trainees can perform surgical operations such as cutting and clamping on such models. This training is very important for the surgeons3,4,5. Currently, titanium patches formed by 3D printing have also gradually been applied6, since the skull prostheses developed by 3D printing after imaging and reconstruction are highly conformal. However, the development and application of 3D printing in neurosurgery is still limited.
The burr hole ring, as a part of the lead fixation device, has been widely used in deep brain stimulation (DBS)7,8,9,10. However, current burr hole rings are made by medical device manufacturers according to the unified specifications and dimensions. This standard burr hole ring is not always suitable for all conditions, such as skull malformation and scalp atrophy. It may increase the uncertainties of operation and reduce the acurracy. The emergence of 3D printing makes it possible to develop individualized burr hole rings for patients in clinical scenarios5. At the same time, the burr hole ring, which is not easy to obtain, is not conducive to extensive preoperative demonstration and surgical training1.
To address the problems mentioned above, we proposed to construct a burr hole ring with 3D printing. A previous study in our lab described an innovative burr hole ring for DBS11. In this study, this innovative burr hole ring will be regarded as an excellent example to exhibit the detailed production process. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to provide a modeling process and a detailed technical process of building a solid burr hole ring using 3D printing.

<table border="1" fo:keep-together.within-page="1" fo:keep-with-next.within-page="always">
	<tbody>
		<tr>
			<td>Adobe Photoshop Version 14.0</td>
			<td>Adobe System&#65292;US</td>
			<td>_</td>
			<td>Only available with a paid subscription.</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Allcct 3D printer</td>
			<td>Allcct technology co., LTD, WuHan, China</td>
			<td>201807A794124CN</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Allcct_YinKe_V1.1</td>
			<td>Allcct technology co., LTD, WuHan, China</td>
			<td></td>
			<td>The software is provided by the 3D printer manufacturer and there is no Catalog number associated with it</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>AutoCAD 2004</td>
			<td>Autodesk co., LTD&#65292;US</td>
			<td>666-12345678</td>
			<td>Software for 2D models</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Carbon Fibre</td>
			<td>Allcct technology co., LTD, WuHan, China</td>
			<td>PLA175&#216;5181&#216;3&#216;B</td>
			<td>The material is provided by the 3D printer manufacturer</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Netfabb Studio Basic 4.9</td>
			<td>Autodesk co., LTD&#65292;US</td>
			<td>-</td>
			<td>The software is provided by a 3D printer manufacturer and is open to access</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Pro/E 2001</td>
			<td>Parametric Technology Corporation, PTC, US</td>
			<td>_</td>
			<td>Software for 3D models; Only available with a paid subscription.</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Vernier caliper&#160;</td>
			<td>&#160;Beijing Blue Light Machinery Electricity Instrument Co,. LTD, China</td>
			<td>GB/T&#8194;1214.1-1996&#8194;</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

application of 3d printing in the construction of burr hole ring for deep brain stimulation implants

3D printing has been widely applied in the medical field since the 1980s, especially in surgery, such as preoperative simulation, anatomical learning and surgical training. This raises the possibility of using 3D printing to construct a neurosurgical implant. Our previous works took the construction of the burr hole ring as an example, described the process of using softwares like computer aided design (CAD), Pro/Engineer (Pro/E) and 3D printer to construct physical products. That is, a total of three steps are required, the drawing of 2D-image, the construction of 3D-image of burr hole ring, and using a 3D printer to print the physical model of burr hole ring. This protocol shows that the burr hole ring made of carbon fiber can be rapidly and accurately molded by 3D printing. It indicated that both CAD and Pro/E softwares can be used to construct the burr hole ring via integrating with the clinical imaging data and further applied 3D printing to make the individual consumables.

Three views of 2D images were built through commercial CAD software (see the Table of Materials). In these images, practical size and technical requirements have also been added (Figure 1). Further, three-dimensional data were constructed in (Figure 2) and saved in STL format (Figure 3). As presented in Figure 4, solid parts were built on the platform of...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Application of 3D Printing in the Construction of Burr Hole Ring for Deep Brain Stimulation Implants at JoVE.com

Application of 3D Printing in the Construction of Burr Hole Ring for Deep Brain Stimulation Implants

Here, we present a protocol to demonstrate 3D printing in the construction of deep brain stimulation implants.

3D printing has been widely applied in the medical field since the 1980s, especially in surgery, such as preoperative simulation, anatomical learning and ...

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