Name: murine cervical aortic transplantation model using a modified non-suture cuff technique
Uploaded: 2019-11-02T13:00:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Murine Cervical Aortic Transplantation Model using a Modified Non-Suture Cuff Technique at JoVE.com

所有实验均根据德国动物福利法案（TierSchG）的指导方针进行。（AZ：55.2-1-54-2532.Vet_02-80-2015）。
1. 动物外壳
<ol><li>在实验中，使用体重为20-25克的雄性C57BL/6小鼠和C57BL/6小鼠作为受体动物，将BALB/c小鼠作为供体动物。</li>
	<li>根据FELASA健康监测指南12，在无障碍无病原体设施中购买动物和房屋。</li>
	<li>用浓缩的嵌套材料将小鼠放在标准模克隆笼子里。以12小...

<ol>
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(128), (2017).</li><li>Dietrich, H., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Mouse+model+of+transplant+arteriosclerosis:+role+of+intercellular+adhesion+molecule-1.">Mouse model of transplant arteriosclerosis: role of intercellular adhesion molecule-1.</a> Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology. 20 (2), 343-352 (2000).</li><li>M&#228;hler Convenor, M., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=FELASA+recommendations+for+the+health+monitoring+of+mouse,+rat,+hamster,+guinea+pig+and+rabbit+colonies+in+breeding+and+experimental+units.">FELASA recommendations for the health monitoring of mouse, rat, hamster, guinea pig and rabbit colonies in breeding and experimental units.</a> Laboratory Animals. 48 (3), 178-192 (2014).</li><li>Ollinger, R., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Blockade+of+p38+MAPK+inhibits+chronic+allograft+vasculopathy.">Blockade of p38 MAPK inhibits chronic allograft vasculopathy.</a> Transplantation. 85 (2), 293-297 (2008).</li><li>Thomas, M. N., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=SDF-1/CXCR4/CXCR7+is+pivotal+for+vascular+smooth+muscle+cell+proliferation+and+chronic+allograft+vasculopathy.">SDF-1/CXCR4/CXCR7 is pivotal for vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation and chronic allograft vasculopathy.</a> Transplant International. 28 (12), 1426-1435 (2015).</li><li>Ollinger, R., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Bilirubin:+a+natural+inhibitor+of+vascular+smooth+muscle+cell+proliferation.">Bilirubin: a natural inhibitor of vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation.</a> Circulation. 112 (7), 1030-1039 (2005).</li><li>Segura, A. M., Buja, L. M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Cardiac+allograft+vasculopathy:+a+complex+multifactorial+sequela+of+heart+transplantation.">Cardiac allograft vasculopathy: a complex multifactorial sequela of heart transplantation.</a> Texas Heart Institute Journal. 40 (4), 400-402 (2013).</li><li>McDaid, J., Scott, C. J., Kissenpfennig, A., Chen, H., Martins, P. N. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+utility+of+animal+models+in+developing+immunosuppressive+agents.">The utility of animal models in developing immunosuppressive agents.</a> European Journal of Pharmacology. 759, 295-302 (2015).</li><li>Shi, C., Russell, M. E., Bianchi, C., Newell, J. B., Haber, E. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Murine+model+of+accelerated+transplant+arteriosclerosis.">Murine model of accelerated transplant arteriosclerosis.</a> Circulation Research. 75 (2), 199-207 (1994).</li><li>Koulack, J., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Importance+of+minor+histocompatibility+antigens+in+the+development+of+allograft+arteriosclerosis.">Importance of minor histocompatibility antigens in the development of allograft arteriosclerosis.</a> Clinical Immunology and Immunopathology. 80 (3 Pt 1), 273-277 (1996).</li><li>Maglione, M., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=A+novel+technique+for+heterotopic+vascularized+pancreas+transplantation+in+mice+to+assess+ischemia+reperfusion+injury+and+graft+pancreatitis.">A novel technique for heterotopic vascularized pancreas transplantation in mice to assess ischemia reperfusion injury and graft pancreatitis.</a> Surgery. 141 (5), 682-689 (2007).</li><li>Oberhuber, R., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Murine+cervical+heart+transplantation+model+using+a+modified+cuff+technique.">Murine cervical heart transplantation model using a modified cuff technique.</a> Journal of Visualized Experiments. (92), e50753 (2014).</li><li>Nakao, A., Ogino, Y., Tahara, K., Uchida, H., Kobayashi, E. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Orthotopic+intestinal+transplantation+using+the+cuff+method+in+rats:+a+histopathological+evaluation+of+the+anastomosis.">Orthotopic intestinal transplantation using the cuff method in rats: a histopathological evaluation of the anastomosis.</a> Microsurgery. 21 (1), 12-15 (2001).</li></ol>

慢性异体血管病是心脏固体器官移植后晚期移植损失的主要原因，可能为肾和肺异体移植8。到目前为止，无法制定任何因果治疗方案，以防止CAV的形成。
CAV的病理生理学是多因素的，涉及免疫学和非免疫学方面16。在移植中使用啮齿动物模型对于理解固体器官移植中异体排斥过程的基本病理生理学至关重要，并有助于确定防止排斥的新方?...

在过去的六十年里，固体器官移植已经从实验性程序发展到治疗终末期器官衰竭1的护理标准。由于抗菌剂的改进、外科技术和免疫抑制团的进步，固体器官移植的早期成功率在过去几十年中显著提高。
然而，长期移植存活率并没有以同样的方式显著改善3。CAV的发展是限制长期生存的主要因素4，5，6。这种病理学的特点是形成由平滑肌肉细胞组成的同心新突层，导致血管逐渐变窄和移植的固体器官连续发生麦芽灌注。在心脏移植接受者中，在移植后3年内，高达75%的患者可以诊断出CAV病变。
CAV的病理生理学尚未完全了解。它似乎与许多免疫学和非免疫因素有关，导致内皮损伤，随后的内皮活化和功能障碍8。到目前为止，对于预防CAV，没有因果治疗方案，强调需要一个可重复的小动物模型来研究CAV的形成和潜在的治疗。
使用鼠主动脉移植模型，CAV像病变可以看到移植后4周。这些病变主要由血管平滑肌细胞组成，因此类似于人类病理学。由于转基因和淘汰小鼠的种类繁多，在移植相关病理学中使用小鼠模型为确定新的治疗方案和了解其发展提供了独特的机会。然而，由于移植容器的直径小，小鼠模型的使用通常与长学习曲线和初始高并发症率9相关。随着非缝合袖口技术的引入，这个最具挑战性的手术部分可以促进和麻醉的直径保持恒定10，11。

<table>
	<tbody>
		<tr>
			<td>Balb-c Mice (H2-d)</td>
			<td>Charles River</td>
			<td>Strain# 028</td>
			<td>Donor animal</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Bipolar cautery system</td>
			<td>ERBE</td>
			<td>ICC 50 / 20195-023</td>
			<td>Bipolar cautery</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>C57BL/6J (H-2b)</td>
			<td>Charles River</td>
			<td>Strain# 027</td>
			<td>Recipient animal</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Halsey Needle Holders</td>
			<td>FST</td>
			<td>12501-12</td>
			<td>Needle Holder</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Halsted-Mosquito Forceps</td>
			<td>AESCULAP</td>
			<td>BH111R</td>
			<td>Curved Clamp</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Medical Polyimide Tubing</td>
			<td>Nordson MEDICAL</td>
			<td>141-0031</td>
			<td>Cuff-Material</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Micro Serrefines</td>
			<td>FST</td>
			<td>18055-04</td>
			<td>Micro Vessel Clip</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Micro-Adson Forceps (serrated)</td>
			<td>FST</td>
			<td>11018-12</td>
			<td>Standard Forceps</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Micro-Serrefine Clamp Applying Forceps</td>
			<td>FST</td>
			<td>18057-14</td>
			<td>Clipapplicator</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>S&#38;T Forceps - SuperGrip Tips (Angled 45&#176;)</td>
			<td>S&#38;T</td>
			<td>00649-11</td>
			<td>Fine Forceps</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>S&#38;T Vessel Dilating Forceps - Angled 10&#176; (Tip diameter 0.2 mm)</td>
			<td>S&#38;T</td>
			<td>00125-11</td>
			<td>Vesseldilatator</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Schott VisiLED Set</td>
			<td>Schott</td>
			<td>MC 1500 / S80-55</td>
			<td>Light</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Stereoscopic microscope</td>
			<td>ZEISS</td>
			<td>SteREO Discovery.V8</td>
			<td>Microscope</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Student Fine Scissors / Surgical Scissors - Sharp-Blunt</td>
			<td>FST</td>
			<td>91460-11 / 14001-12</td>
			<td>Standard Sissors</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Vannas-T&#252;bingen Spring Scissors (curved, 8.5 cm)</td>
			<td>FST</td>
			<td>15004-08</td>
			<td>Microsissors (curved)</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Vannas-T&#252;bingen Spring Scissors (straight, 8.5 cm)</td>
			<td>FST</td>
			<td>15003-08</td>
			<td>Microsissors (straight)</td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

murine cervical aortic transplantation model using a modified non-suture cuff technique

随着强大的免疫抑制方案的引入，在预防和治疗急性排斥发作方面可以取得明显进展。然而，在过去几十年中，只能观察到移植固体器官的长期结果略有改善。在此背景下，慢性异体血管病（CAV）仍然是心脏、肾脏和肺移植晚期器官衰竭的主要原因。
到目前为止，CAV发展的基本发病机制仍不清楚，这解释了为什么目前缺乏有效的治疗策略，并强调需要相关的实验模型，以便研究导致CAV 形成。以下方案描述了使用改良的非缝合铐技术的鼠异位宫颈主动脉移植模型。在此技术中，胸主动脉的一段插在右侧常见的胡萝卜动脉中。利用非缝合铐技术，可以建立易于学习和可重复的模型，最大限度地减少了缝合血管微麻醉剂的可能异质性。

在完全MHC错配移植模型中，移植后4周可以看到同心新心层（图2）。这一层主要由血管平滑肌细胞组成，如SM22（成熟血管平滑肌细胞的选择性标记物）的免疫组织染色。如前所述，这些血管平滑肌细胞是慢性异体血管病中看到的病变的病灶。为进一步分析，主动脉段应分割和染色的Elastica范吉森染色。在这里，新突层可以很容易地区分到内部弹性膜的弹性纤维，将图尼卡i...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Murine Cervical Aortic Transplantation Model using a Modified Non-Suture Cuff Technique at JoVE.com

Murine Cervical Aortic Transplantation Model using a Modified Non-Suture Cuff Technique

本文在宫颈鼠模型中采用非缝合袖口技术，提出了小鼠异位主动脉移植方案。该模型可用于研究慢性异体血管病（CAV）的基础病理学，并有助于评估新的治疗剂，以防止其形成。

使用改性非缝合铐技术的宫颈主动脉移植模型

With the introduction of powerful immunosuppressive protocols, distinct advances are possible in the prevention and therapy of acute rejection episodes. ...

我是慕尼黑LMU综合、内脏和移植手术部研究实验室的马丁·瑞尔。今天，我们将向您展示使用改良的非缝合袖口技术进行耳质异位大音移植模型。首先，用中佐兰、美用胺和芬太尼的内皮内注射麻醉接受动物。用电动剪子剪带小动物的子宫颈横向区域的所有毛发，用棉签涂抹眼科软膏，防止眼睛在手术过程中干涸。将动物放在显微镜下的加热垫上，用皮肤敏感的石膏条轻轻地将动物的腿贴在手术台上。向后倾斜头部，用酒精擦洗操作场几次。用小剪刀从壶切口到右下部，做一个皮肤切口。通过血管双极灼热，然后用微剪刀切除亚肌膜腺的右下叶。。通过上部和下部的双极性烧灼，以及随后用微剪刀切除右胸肌肌肉，获得常见的胡萝卜动脉。通过用细钳将周围的结缔组织拉开，尽可能远地和近近地调动常见的胡萝卜动脉。将两个 7-0 丝线连结，在普通胡萝卜状动脉中间之间以最小距离连接，并在连字之间用细微剪刀将常见的胡萝卜状动脉横穿。通过袖口将近端连结端穿过，然后用小动脉夹固定。用细小剪刀尽可能靠近连体字去除连字，用 30 量针用肝素盐水冲洗流明，同时注意不要损坏容器壁。使用精细的血管稀释器将打开的流明分压，并轻轻将卡皮德树桩拉过聚酰胺管，将卡罗蒂德树桩倒置在袖口上。立即修复倒置的卡罗蒂德与松散预绑 7 - 0 丝绸循环。用另一个袖口在胡萝卜动脉的另一端执行相同的程序。通过袖口将端端穿过，用小动脉夹固定。用细小剪刀尽可能靠近连体字去除连字，用 30 量针用肝素盐水冲洗流明，同时注意不要损坏容器壁。使用精细的血管稀释器将打开的流明分压，并轻轻将卡皮德树桩拉过聚酰胺管，将卡罗蒂德树桩倒置在袖口上。立即修复倒置的卡罗蒂德与松散预绑 7 - 0 丝绸循环。将受援动物放在一边，用盐水滋润上部三分之二，直到大音段被除植。以与接受动物相同的方式麻醉捐赠小鼠。用电动剪子夹住腹部和胸腔区域的所有毛发，用棉签涂抹眼科软膏，防止眼睛在手术过程中干涸。将动物放在显微镜下的加热垫上，用皮肤敏感的石膏条轻轻地将动物的腿贴在手术台上。用酒精擦洗操作场几次。用小剪刀进行中线腹腔切除术，将肠子稍微向上推，以暴露劣质的维纳卡瓦。使用 30 量针将 IVC 与一个 cc 的肝素盐水注射。用小剪刀切开肾动脉下方的腹部主动脉和 IVC，以刺激捐赠动物。松散地将压缩放入腹部以吸收血液。用剪刀对肋骨进行双边分流，用手术夹将前胸壁颅倾斜，以暴露介质。用微型剪刀将 IVC 和食道直接切在隔膜上方。通过用钳子将切口 IVC 和食道向上滴入心脏和肺部，然后用微型剪刀从底座上切除心脏和肺，以便进入胸大项和后心。通过用细钳将周围的结缔组织和脂肪拉开，将胸主动脉从周围组织中调动起来，同时小心不要损坏任何间动脉。用双极性烧灼索将胸大音的所有分支烧灼，并使用微型剪刀切除隔膜和大音之间的大音段。用30量表针冲洗切除的动脉部分，同时注意不要损坏血管壁，以去除任何剩余的血液或血块，将移植物转移到接受动物体内。将供主动脉段的近端拉过倒置胡萝卜动脉顶部的近端，用细钳子立即用松散预绑的 7-0 丝环将其固定。用微型剪刀修剪大音移植物的远端自由端，使移植长度适合两个袖口之间的距离。将供主动脉段的端部拉上倒置胡萝卜动脉顶部的端部袖口，用细钳子立即用松散预绑的 7-0 丝环将其固定。先拆下端夹，以允许逆行灌注。达到血栓后，取出近端夹以完成结膜病。最后，用6-0连续缝合关闭伤口。28天后，动物被牺牲，移植物保存为组织学染色。如这些Van-Gieson的大干部分染色所示，完全MHC不匹配的母体从Balb/c捐赠者到黑色六个接受者发展一个重要的新刺激增生，导致发光收窄。另一方面，从黑人6个捐赠者到黑人6个接受者的合成大血管移植只发展出很少的新刺激性增生。对SM22的免疫荧光染色，血管平滑肌肉细胞的标记，如绿色荧光图所示，表明新荧光主要由血管平滑肌肉细胞组成。骨髓大血管移植是慢性移植血管病的模型，是晚期移植失败的最常见原因。与正畸腹部模型相比，我们改进的袖口技术较少，显微外科要求不高，导致成功率高。此外，由于袖口的恒定直径，在其他显微外科移植模型中可以看到的血管性肿瘤的变化可以忽略。此外，温暖的缺血时间在整个实验组保持不变，因为接受动物在母体部分外植之前首先做好准备。我们修改后的模型应该有助于其他实验室建立骨髓大音移植。

Research

JoVE Journal

Medicine

Orthotopic Aortic Transplantation: A Rat Model to Study the Development of Chronic Vasculopathy

主动脉原位移植大鼠模型，研究慢性血管病变的发展

Research models of chronic rejection are essential to investigate pathobiological and pathophysiological processes during the development of transplant ...

科研

医学

A New Murine Model of Endovascular Aortic Aneurysm Repair

一种新的小鼠模型主动脉瘤腔内修复

Endovascular aneurysm exclusion is a validated technique to prevent aneurysm rupture. Long-term results highlight technique limitations and new aspects of ...

Murine Cervical Heart Transplantation Model Using a Modified Cuff Technique

用改进的袖套法小鼠颈部心脏移植模型

Mouse models are of special interest in research since a wide variety of monoclonal antibodies and commercially defined inbred and knockout strains are ...

Reproducable Paraplegia by Thoracic Aortic Occlusion in a Murine Model of Spinal Cord Ischemia-reperfusion

可重放截瘫胸主动脉阻断脊髓缺血再灌注的小鼠模型

Background
Lower extremity paralysis continues to complicate aortic interventions. The lack of understanding of the underlying pathology has hindered ...

A Murine Model of Cervical Spinal Cord Injury to Study Post-lesional Respiratory Neuroplasticity

颈脊髓损伤的小鼠模型研究后皮损呼吸神经可塑性

A cervical spinal cord injury induces permanent paralysis, and often leads to respiratory distress. To date, no efficient therapeutics have been developed ...

Murine Heterotopic Heart Transplant Technique

小鼠异位心脏移植技术

It is now over forty years since this technique was first reported by Corry, Wynn and Russell. Although it took some years for other labs to become ...

Transplantation of Pulmonary Valve Using a Mouse Model of Heterotopic Heart Transplantation

肺动脉瓣使用异位心脏移植小鼠模型移植

Tissue engineered heart valves, especially decellularized valves, are starting to gain momentum in clinical use of reconstructive surgery with mixed ...

Human Skeletal Muscle Biopsy Procedures Using the Modified Bergstr&#246;m Technique

Human Skeletal Muscle Biopsy Procedures Using the Modified BergstrÃƒÆ’Ã‚Â¶m Technique

人骨骼肌活检手术使用修改伯格斯坦技术

The percutaneous biopsy technique enables researchers and clinicians to collect skeletal muscle tissue samples. The technique is safe and highly ...

Murine Corneal Transplantation: A Model to Study the Most Common Form of Solid Organ Transplantation

小鼠角膜移植模型，研究实体器官移植的最常见形式

Corneal transplantation is the most common form of organ transplantation in the United States with between 45,000 and 55,000 procedures performed each ...

Heterotopic Cervical Heart Transplantation in Mice

颈椎异位心脏移植小鼠

The heterotopic cervical heart transplantation in mice is a valuable tool in transplant and cardiovascular research. The cuff technique greatly simplifies ...