Name: integrating augmented reality tools in breast cancer related lymphedema prognostication and diagnosis
Uploaded: 2020-02-06T12:00:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Integrating Augmented Reality Tools in Breast Cancer Related Lymphedema Prognostication and Diagnosis at JoVE.com

这项研究得到了作者机构机构审查委员会的批准。该协议适用于节点阳性（即，根据TNM分期系统为N>1）14种乳腺癌，显示LVI和/或ENE。
1. 实时臂测量
<ol><li>在平板电脑上安装可下载的免费应用程序（例如 Captevia）。</li>
	<li>与患者皮肤（例如白色、黑色）相比，取高对比度颜色的标记。<ol>
<li>使用从手腕到肘部以及从肘部到手臂近部 5 厘米的点地标标记要分?...

<ol>
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L., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Risk+factors+for+lymphoedema+in+women+with+breast+cancer:+A+large+prospective+cohort.">Risk factors for lymphoedema in women with breast cancer: A large prospective cohort.</a> Breast. 28, 29-36 (2016).</li><li>Sun, F., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+need+for+preoperative+baseline+arm+measurement+to+accurately+quantify+breast+cancer-related+lymphedema.">The need for preoperative baseline arm measurement to accurately quantify breast cancer-related lymphedema.</a> Breast Cancer Research and Treatment. 157 (2), 229-240 (2016).</li><li>Deltombe, T., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Reliability+and+limits+of+agreement+of+circumferential,+water+displacement,+and+optoelectronic+volumetry+in+the+measurement+of+upper+limb+lymphedema.">Reliability and limits of agreement of circumferential, water displacement, and optoelectronic volumetry in the measurement of upper limb lymphedema.</a> Lymphology. 40 (1), 26-34 (2007).</li><li>Tewari, N., Gill, P. 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在乳腺癌幸存者中，使用准确可靠的肢体体积测量工具是强制性的，因为BCRL的早期诊断与改善结果有关。此外，高危个体的鉴定不仅要考虑临床和手术数据，还要考虑肿瘤特有的病理特征。本研究证明了新型便携式3DLS设备在健康受试者和具有高风险特征的BCRL女性上肢体积测量中的可重复性和可靠性。这种方法安全、无痛、经济高效，可在大多数机构中在大多数患者群体中实施。
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乳腺癌相关淋巴水肿（BCRL）是在大约20-80%的淋巴结转移（N>1）1，2，3的乳腺癌患者中，在进行下肢手术和/或放射治疗后，在上肢的液体保留。这种情况导致肢体肿胀，随后功能下降，合并症的风险增加，沮丧，焦虑和抑郁症4，5。BCRL目前被认为是乳腺癌幸存者的长期威胁，因为它可以在手术后9年出现。
BCRL发病机制是乳腺癌专家激烈辩论的一个话题。因此，一些研究表明，它不仅可能与系统干预有关，而且与全身治疗有关，如基于分类的化疗和抗HER2疗法7，8。此外，最近有一系列证据表明，肿瘤特有的病理特征涉及其发病机制1，6，7。因此，建议肿瘤细胞（淋巴血管入侵，LVI）侵入肿瘤边缘的淋巴血管空间，以及淋巴结胶囊（外节点延伸，ENE）外转移的入侵，作为BCRL风险分层6、7的补充分析。
尽管BCRL生物学有新见地，手臂体积测量仍然是这些患者诊断和随访的基石。然而，对于这项任务，没有广泛采用的准则。使用截断的圆锥公式10来估计手臂内多个圆周的总体积。然而，尽管这种圆周法（CM）的可靠性缺乏灵敏度和可重复性，特别是在手臂形状不规则的情况下。最近，增强现实方法，如三维激光扫描仪（3DLS），已成为测量上肢体积12的有前途的工具。这项技术是廉价，用户友好，可重复，和极其精确，也存在胡言乱语和膨胀12，13。
本研究的目的是与BCRL诊断和定量的圆周法相比，评估3DLS的可靠性。在这里，在乳腺癌患者中，通过3DLS对上肢体积进行实时测量，其方案是详细的，因为BCRL的风险会增加。

<table border="1" fo:keep-together.within-page="1" fo:keep-with-next.within-page="always">
	<tbody>
		<tr>
			<td>Structure sensor + Captevia V3.1</td>
			<td>Rodin4D, Rodin SAS</td>
			<td></td>
			<td>Three dimensional laser scanner</td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

integrating augmented reality tools in breast cancer related lymphedema prognostication and diagnosis

乳腺癌相关淋巴水肿 （BCRL） 是一种有害疾病，其特征是接受乳房手术和/或放射治疗的乳腺癌患者上肢积液。其病因是多因素的，还包括肿瘤特异性病理特征，如淋巴血管入侵（LVI）和外延（ENE）。迄今为止，还没有广泛使用的BCRL早期诊断指南。在这里，我们演示了使用 3D 激光扫描仪 （3DLS） 和平板电脑进行数字辅助 BCRL 评估的协议。它在高危乳腺癌患者的发现人群中进行了特别优化。这项研究提供了一个原理证明，增强现实工具，如3DLS，可以纳入BCRL的临床工作，以便进行精确、可重复、可靠和廉价的诊断。

这是一个试点的单盲，随机对照研究，涉及成人个人。纳入标准如下：1） 年龄 >18 岁和 <45 岁的年轻人;2）正常体重（体重指数，BMI，>18和<25 kg/m2）;3） 上肢无任何类型的皮肤病变;4） 没有创伤和/或任何能够修改手臂结构和体积的条件。排除标准：1）心血管合并;2）涉及上肢的血管疾病;3）甲状腺和肾水平的病理状况;4）淋巴水肿的存在;5） 先前或活跃的肿瘤条件?...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Integrating Augmented Reality Tools in Breast Cancer Related Lymphedema Prognostication and Diagnosis at JoVE.com

Integrating Augmented Reality Tools in Breast Cancer Related Lymphedema Prognostication and Diagnosis

乳腺癌相关淋巴水肿在乳腺癌幸存者中是经常发生的，但是没有广泛使用的诊断和定量指南。在这里，我们引入了一个可靠且经济高效的协议，用于定义、量化和比较乳腺癌患者的上肢体积。

在乳腺癌相关淋巴水肿预测和诊断中集成增强现实工具

Breast cancer related lymphedema (BCRL) is a detrimental condition characterized by fluid accumulation in the upper limb in breast cancer patients ...

激光扫描三维设备允许快速、可重复地测量上肢体积，无需直接接触患者的皮肤。此外，该技术是廉价，用户友好，可重复，和极其精确，即使在存在长臂和肿胀。演示这个程序的将是来自我们研究小组的洛伦佐·里皮博士。首先在平板电脑上安装可免费下载的 3D 激光扫描应用程序。接下来，使用与患者皮肤相比的对比度最高的标记，以标记上肢的皮肤，以从手腕到肘部以及从肘部到手臂近端的五厘米地标进行分析。绘制上肢周围的圆周，在每个地标的水平上进行分析，并在房间内将患者放在一个直立的位置，空间足以围绕它们移动。将患者的上肢前部提升 90 度，并要求患者保持此位置，在整个扫描过程中不移动。将 3D 激光扫描仪设备连接到平板电脑，然后打开 3D 激光扫描仪应用。在患者数据库中输入患者的凭据，然后单击连接并加以输入新患者。输入所有患者信息后，单击 3D 图标并使用两根手指调整屏幕上立方体的距离和大小，以选择要检查的区域。单击扫描并开始三维扫描，在空间的所有平面上对患者的上肢进行框架，从各个角度多次旋转肢体，以优化采集图像的质量。采集完成后，按压完成。然后修改表单，以评估任何采集缺陷或缺失的零件。。接下来，选择采集并按图标输入电子邮件并发送文件。在台式计算机上下载通过电子邮件发送的数据，并插入具有 3D 激光扫描仪软件软件许可证的 USB 驱动器。打开数据文件后，查看扫描并单击"创建新患者"。在文件菜单下，选择患者文件并选择扫描。单击提取。选择提取的扫描并单击"清理"。接下来，选择图像并使用外观地标在空间中定向图像，以尽可能剪切各种轴上的扫描中包含的任何段。验证剪切图并命名从扫描中获得的形状。单击"创建新形状"以在空间的三个平面上定位形状轴。单击"下一步"并等待最终窗体的生成，然后单击"结束"。选择已处理的窗体，然后单击"打开"。该软件将提供处理表单的总量。然后单击"体积"以计算不同截面的体积，然后移动并选择从中提取体积的部分的上边距和下边距。在这项具有代表性的研究中，对30名健康男性和女性成人和30名乳腺癌女性患者进行了评估，这些女性患者后来患上了乳腺癌相关淋巴水肿。使用圆周和三D激光扫描仪方法进行手臂体积测量。在这两组中，两种方法都表现出高水平的操作间和操作器内重复性，两种技术的均值 R 平方为 0.99。因此，3D 激光扫描仪体积计算的平均值也显示出与两组圆周法的平均值有很强的相关性，布兰德-奥特曼图证实了这两种不同测量值之间的高度一致性和一致性。此外，虽然在乳腺癌患者组两种技术的复杂脱膜治疗之前和之后观察到差异，但三D激光扫描仪方法的相关性高于对圆周法的观察。此过程可用于任何需要对身体任何部位进行体积评估的生理或病理状况。在临床环境中使用这种技术可以解决与乳腺癌相关淋巴水肿体积测量的标准化相关的几个问题。

Research

JoVE Journal

Medicine

Multi-modal Imaging of Angiogenesis in a Nude Rat Model of Breast Cancer Bone Metastasis Using Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Volumetric Computed Tomography and Ultrasound

利用磁共振成像，容积电脑断层扫描及超音波的裸鼠乳腺癌骨转移大鼠模型血管生成的多模态成像

Angiogenesis is an essential feature of cancer growth and metastasis formation. In bone metastasis, angiogenic factors are pivotal for tumor cell ...

科研

医学

Profiling of Estrogen-regulated MicroRNAs in Breast Cancer Cells

在乳腺癌细胞雌激素调节小分子RNA的剖析

Estrogen plays vital roles in mammary gland development and breast cancer progression. It mediates its function by binding to and activating the estrogen ...

Quantification of Breast Cancer Cell Invasiveness Using a Three-dimensional (3D) Model

Quantification of Breast Cancer Cell Invasiveness Using a Three-dimensional 3D Model

乳腺癌细胞侵袭定量使用三维（3D）模型

It is now well known that the cellular and tissue microenvironment are critical regulators influencing tumor initiation and progression. Moreover, the ...

Voluntary Breath-hold Technique for Reducing Heart Dose in Left Breast Radiotherapy

自愿屏气技术减少心脏剂量的左乳房放射治疗

Breath-holding techniques reduce the amount of radiation received by cardiac structures during tangential-field left breast radiotherapy. With these ...

Mammosphere Formation Assay from Human Breast Cancer Tissues and Cell Lines

从人乳腺癌组织及细胞系微球体形成分析

Similar to healthy tissues, many blood and solid malignancies are now thought to be organised hierarchically, with a subset of stem-like cancer cells that ...

In Vivo and Ex Vivo Approaches to Study Ovarian Cancer Metastatic Colonization of Milky Spot Structures in Peritoneal Adipose

In Vivo and Ex Vivo Approaches to Study Ovarian Cancer Metastatic Colonization of Milky Spot Structures in Peritoneal Adipose

在体内和体外途径研究银河系结构现货卵巢癌转移定植腹膜脂肪

High-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSC), the cause of widespread peritoneal metastases, continues to have an extremely poor prognosis; fewer than 30% of ...

Systems Biology of Metabolic Regulation by Estrogen Receptor Signaling in Breast Cancer

乳腺癌代谢调控的系统生物学雌激素受体信号

With the advent of the -omics approaches our understanding of the chronic diseases like cancer and metabolic syndrome has improved. However, effective ...

An Orthotopic Mouse Model of Spontaneous Breast Cancer Metastasis

自发性乳腺癌转移的原位小鼠模型

Metastasis is the primary cause of mortality of breast cancer patients. The mechanism underlying cancer cell metastasis, including breast cancer ...

Studying the Role of Alveolar Macrophages in Breast Cancer Metastasis

研究肺泡巨噬细胞的作用乳腺癌转移

This paper describes the application of the syngeneic model of breast cancer (4T1) to the studies on a role of pulmonary alveolar macrophages in cancer ...

Combining Augmented Reality and 3D Printing to Display Patient Models on a Smartphone

结合增强现实和 3D 打印，在智能手机上显示患者模型

Augmented reality (AR) has great potential in education, training, and surgical guidance in the medical field. Its combination with three-dimensional (3D) ...