Name: a delayed inoculation model of chronic pseudomonas aeruginosa wound infection
Uploaded: 2020-02-20T12:30:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about A Delayed Inoculation Model of Chronic Pseudomonas aeruginosa Wound Infection at JoVE.com

pUT-Tn5-EM7-lux-Km1发光构造载体是J.哈代赠送的一份厚礼。原理图是使用BioRender.com创建的。我们感谢G.Gurtner实验室对伤口感染模型的建议。我们还感谢斯坦福Vivo成像创新中心的 T. Doyle 的技术专长。这项工作得到了R21AI133370、R21AI133240、R01AI12492093的赠款的支持，以及斯坦福SPARK、法尔克医学研究信托基金和囊性纤维化基金会（CFF）对P.L.B.C.R.D的赠款，得到了T32AI007502的支持。加比兰·斯坦福科学和工程研究生奖学金和卢伯特·斯特勒生物-X斯坦福跨学科研究生奖学金为J.M.S.

此处描述的所有方法均已获得斯坦福大学机构动物护理和使用委员会 （IACUC） 的批准。
1. 细菌的制备和生长
<ol><li>根据研究人员的机构生物安全委员会和动物使用委员会的指导方针，使用BSL-2预防措施与A.aeruginosa和动物进行所有工作。在生物安全柜中执行此处描述的所有步骤，包括小鼠接种。</li>
	<li>可应要求从我们的实验室获得P. aeruginosa的发光 PAO1：l...

<ol>
	<li>Sen, C. K., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Human+skin+wounds:+a+major+and+snowballing+threat+to+public+health+and+the+economy.">Human skin wounds: a major and snowballing threat to public health and the economy.</a> Wound Repair and Regeneration. 17 (6), 763-771 (2009).</li><li>Serra, R., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Chronic+wound+infections:+the+role+of+Pseudomonas+aeruginosa+and+Staphylococcus+aureus.">Chronic wound infections: the role of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus.</a> Expert Review of Anti-infective Therapy. 13 (5), 605-613 (2015).</li><li>Obritsch, M. D., Fish, D. N., MacLaren, R., Jung, R. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Nosocomial+infections+due+to+multidrug-resistant+Pseudomonas+aeruginosa:+epidemiology+and+treatment+options.">Nosocomial infections due to multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa: epidemiology and treatment options.</a> Pharmacotherapy. 25 (10), 1353-1364 (2005).</li><li>Secor, P. R., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Filamentous+Bacteriophage+Produced+by+Pseudomonas+aeruginosa+Alters+the+Inflammatory+Response+and+Promotes+Noninvasive+Infection+In+Vivo.">Filamentous Bacteriophage Produced by Pseudomonas aeruginosa Alters the Inflammatory Response and Promotes Noninvasive Infection In Vivo.</a> Infection and Immunity. 85 (1), (2017).</li><li>Rice, S. A., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+biofilm+life+cycle+and+virulence+of+Pseudomonas+aeruginosa+are+dependent+on+a+filamentous+prophage.">The biofilm life cycle and virulence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa are dependent on a filamentous prophage.</a> The ISME Journal. 3 (3), 271-282 (2009).</li><li>Bayes, H. K., Ritchie, N., Irvine, S., Evans, T. J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=A+murine+model+of+early+Pseudomonas+aeruginosa+lung+disease+with+transition+to+chronic+infection.">A murine model of early Pseudomonas aeruginosa lung disease with transition to chronic infection.</a> Scientific Reports. 6, 35838 (2016).</li><li>van Gennip, M., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Interactions+between+polymorphonuclear+leukocytes+and+Pseudomonas+aeruginosa+biofilms+on+silicone+implants+in+vivo.">Interactions between polymorphonuclear leukocytes and Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilms on silicone implants in vivo.</a> Infection and Immunity. 80 (8), 2601-2607 (2012).</li><li>Tr&#248;strup, H., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Pseudomonas+aeruginosa+biofilm+aggravates+skin+inflammatory+response+in+BALB/c+mice+in+a+novel+chronic+wound+model.">Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm aggravates skin inflammatory response in BALB/c mice in a novel chronic wound model.</a> Wound Repair and Regeneration. 21 (2), 292-299 (2013).</li><li>Zhao, G., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Time+course+study+of+delayed+wound+healing+in+a+biofilm-challenged+diabetic+mouse+model.">Time course study of delayed wound healing in a biofilm-challenged diabetic mouse model.</a> Wound Repair and Regeneration. 20 (3), 342-352 (2012).</li><li>Brubaker, A. L., Rendon, J. L., Ramirez, L., Choudhry, M. A., Kovacs, E. J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Reduced+neutrophil+chemotaxis+and+infiltration+contributes+to+delayed+resolution+of+cutaneous+wound+infection+with+advanced+age.">Reduced neutrophil chemotaxis and infiltration contributes to delayed resolution of cutaneous wound infection with advanced age.</a> Journal of Immunolology. 190 (4), 1746-1757 (2013).</li><li>Watters, C., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Pseudomonas+aeruginosa+biofilms+perturb+wound+resolution+and+antibiotic+tolerance+in+diabetic+mice.">Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilms perturb wound resolution and antibiotic tolerance in diabetic mice.</a> Medical Microbiology and Immunology. 202 (2), 131-141 (2013).</li><li>Lee, C., Kerrigan, C. L., Picard-Ami, L. A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Cyclophosphamide-induced+neutropenia:+effect+on+postischemic+skin-flap+survival.">Cyclophosphamide-induced neutropenia: effect on postischemic skin-flap survival.</a> Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery. 89 (6), 1092-1097 (1992).</li><li>Sweere, J. M., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+immune+response+to+Chronic+Pseudomonas+aeruginosa+wound+infection+in+immunocompetent+mice.">The immune response to Chronic Pseudomonas aeruginosa wound infection in immunocompetent mice.</a> Advances in Wound Care. , (2019).</li><li>Sweere, J. M., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Bacteriophage+trigger+antiviral+immunity+and+prevent+clearance+of+bacterial+infection.">Bacteriophage trigger antiviral immunity and prevent clearance of bacterial infection.</a> Science. 363 (6434), (2019).</li></ol>

我们开发了一种新的延迟接种P.aeruginosa伤口感染模型。在切除伤伤后，将细菌延迟接种到24小时的策略，可以在1周的时限内评估伤口感染。通过使用P.aeruginosa的发光菌株，可以跟踪整个感染过程的感染进展。与其他阿鲁吉诺萨感染模型相比，更长的感染过程将为研究宿主-病原体相互作用和针对P. aeruginosa伤口感染的新疗法提供新的机会。例如，我们已经使用这个模型来?...

伪单抗（P.aeruginosa）是一种与人类健康和疾病密切相关的革兰氏阴性棒状细菌。它负责广泛的发病率和死亡率在不治疗环境，特别是涉及伤口感染的免疫功能低下患者1，2。这种病原体的耐多药菌株的出现，为进一步推动了对导致P.aeruginosa毒性的因素、P.aeruginosa抗生素耐药性机制以及预防和治疗这种致命感染的新方法的进一步推动。因此，对慢性伤口感染的动物模型作为研究这些研究问题的工具的需求从未像现在这样大。
不幸的是，许多动物模型的P.aeruginosa感染往往模拟急性感染与快速解决感染或快速下降由于败血症4，5，这没有充分模拟这些感染的经常慢性性质。为了解决这一缺点，一些模型利用异物的植入，如琼脂珠，硅胶植入物，或藻酸盐凝胶6，7，8。其他模型使用由于年高龄、肥胖或糖尿病而免疫功能低下的小鼠，或通过药理学手段，如环磷酰胺引起的中性粒细胞减少症9，10，11，12。然而，无论是使用异物或免疫受损的宿主可能会改变局部炎症过程，使得很难了解在具有正常免疫系统的宿主慢性伤口感染中涉及的病理生理学。
我们已经开发了一种小鼠P.aeruginosa伤口感染的慢性模型，该模型涉及在外伤后延迟接种细菌。延迟接种允许实验评估细菌负担延长到至少7天。这一模型为研究P.aeruginosa慢性感染的发病机制和新的治疗方法开辟了新的机会。

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	<tbody>
		<tr>
			<td>0.9% Sodium Chloride injection</td>
			<td>Hospira</td>
			<td>2484457</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>18 G x 1 sterile needle</td>
			<td>BD</td>
			<td>305195</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>25 G x 1 1/5 sterile needle</td>
			<td>BD</td>
			<td>305127</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Alcohol swab</td>
			<td>BD</td>
			<td>326895</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Aura Imaging Software</td>
			<td>Spectral Instruments Imaging</td>
			<td>n/a</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Betadine</td>
			<td>Purdue Frederick Company</td>
			<td>19-065534</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Buprenorphine SR LAB</td>
			<td>Zoopharm</td>
			<td>n/a</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>C57BL/6J male mice</td>
			<td>The Jackson Laboratory</td>
			<td>000664</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Disposable biopsy punch, 6mm</td>
			<td>Integra</td>
			<td>33-36</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Fine scissors - Tungsten Carbide</td>
			<td>Fine Science Tools</td>
			<td>14568-09</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Glass Bead Dry Sterilizer</td>
			<td>Harvard Apparatus</td>
			<td>61-0183</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Granulated Agar</td>
			<td>Fisher BioReagents</td>
			<td>BP9744</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Heating Pad</td>
			<td>Milliard</td>
			<td>804879481218</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Insulin syringe with 28 G needle</td>
			<td>BD</td>
			<td>329461</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Lago X Imaging System</td>
			<td>Spectral Instruments Imaging</td>
			<td>n/a</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>LB broth</td>
			<td>Fisher BioReagents</td>
			<td>BP1426</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Leur-Lok 1 mL syringe</td>
			<td>BD</td>
			<td>309628</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Mini Arco Animal Trimmer</td>
			<td>Wahl Professional</td>
			<td>919152</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Nair Hair Removal Lotion with Baby Oil</td>
			<td>Church and Dwight</td>
			<td>n/a</td>
			<td>Available at any pharmacy</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Octagon Forceps</td>
			<td>Fine Science Tools</td>
			<td>11041-08</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Petri dish</td>
			<td>Falcon</td>
			<td>351029</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Phosphate Buffered Saline (PBS) 1x</td>
			<td>Corning</td>
			<td>21-040-CV</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Press and Seal Cling Wrap</td>
			<td>Glad</td>
			<td>n/a</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>SafetyGlide Insulin syringe with 30 G needle</td>
			<td>BD</td>
			<td>305934</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Safetyglide Insulin syringe, 1/2 mL, 30 G x 5/16 TW</td>
			<td>BD</td>
			<td>305934</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Scale</td>
			<td>Ohaus Scout Pro</td>
			<td>SP202</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Supplical Nutritional Supplement</td>
			<td>Henry Schein Animal Health</td>
			<td>29908</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Tegaderm, 6 cm x 7 cm</td>
			<td>3M</td>
			<td>1624W</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

a delayed inoculation model of chronic pseudomonas aeruginosa wound infection

假单胞菌（P.aeruginosa）是一种与人类健康和疾病越来越相关的主要肿瘤病原体，特别是在糖尿病和住院患者慢性伤口感染的设置中。迫切需要慢性感染模型，以帮助研究伤口发病机制和开发针对这种病原体的新疗法。在这里，我们描述了一个协议，使用延迟接种24小时后，全厚度外伤。目前存在的临时伤口基质的感染可以阻止感染的快速清除或传播，相反，这种感染将形成持续7-10天的慢性感染，而无需植入异物或免疫抑制。该协议模仿人类术后感染的典型时间过程。使用发光P.aeruginosa菌株（PAO1：lux）允许定量的每日评估P.aeruginosa伤口感染的细菌负担。这一新模型可能是研究细菌发病机制和开发慢性P.aeruginosa伤口感染新疗法的有用工具。

我们使用带有质粒编码luxABCDE报告系统（PAO1：lux）的PAO1发光菌株，对小鼠进行切除伤，24小时后用浮游P.aeruginosa接种这些伤口，并测量细菌随时间的负荷（图1和图2）。使用成像光学系统获得的代表性图像表明，该模型产生了可检测到的发光（图3A）。感染在接种后第3天达到高峰，并根...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about A Delayed Inoculation Model of Chronic Pseudomonas aeruginosa Wound Infection at JoVE.com

A Delayed Inoculation Model of Chronic Pseudomonas aeruginosa Wound Infection

我们描述了一种延迟的接种方案，用于在免疫能力小鼠中产生慢性伤口感染。

慢性假单位病伤口感染的延迟接种模型

Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) is a major nosocomial pathogen of increasing relevance to human health and disease, particularly in the setting of ...

该协议是重要的，因为它描述了慢性伪多尼亚伤口感染的模型，而无需异物植入或免疫抑制。延迟接种与伪莫纳斯aeruginosa24小时后，全厚度切除伤口，使细菌的快速清除和传播，建立感染，持续7至10天。这个独特的模型将是一个有用的工具，研究细菌发病机制，宿主病原体相互作用，并开发新的疗法，慢性伪多多纳斯亚鲁吉诺萨伤口感染。协助我演示手术的将是来自博利基实验室的医科学生刘丹。在开始手术之前，称一只麻醉的 8 到 12 周大的小鼠，以获得基线重量，并将鼠标放在易发位置。在确认对踏板反射缺乏反应后，皮下将鼠标注射250微升预加热无菌0.9%氯化钠。使用电动剃须刀从鼠标的后侧区域去除头发，并在暴露的皮肤上涂抹一层薄薄的脱毛霜。20 至 60 秒后，用湿在温水中化妆水湿的纱布去除头发和多余的头发。对于全厚度切除伤口手术，首先使用25表针皮下注射0.6至1毫克每公斤持续释放丁丙诺啡在小鼠的中端区域，并用三个替代无菌Betadine和酒精拭子以圆形方式擦拭手术部位。在手术现场放置一个塑料粘附包装，然后绷紧地伸展皮肤。当皮肤干燥后，使用无菌的六毫米直径皮肤活检冲孔通过左后皮表皮进行初始切口，然后在右侧后皮表皮上进行第二个切口。使用钳子从左侧轮廓伤口区域的中心对皮肤进行帐篷，并使用剪刀切除表皮和皮肤层。重复右轮廓伤口区域的切口以产生对称切除伤口后，用 50 微升无菌盐水洗涤两个伤口。当手术场址和周围皮肤干燥后，用透明薄膜敷料覆盖伤口和伤口，将鼠标放在加热垫上的清洁笼中，并监测直至完全卧发。手术后24小时，再次称重再麻醉小鼠，并在两侧注射250微升预加热无菌氯化钠。接下来，将100微升的发光P.aeruginosa应变悬浮液装入装有27表针的500微升结核菌安全帽注射器中，并通过透明薄膜敷料将40微升的细菌悬浮液注入每个伤口。确保细菌悬浮液混合良好，透明敷料完好无损。确保只需将针头挡板侧向上刺穿一次透明敷料。然后将鼠标返回到加热页面上的笼子，并监控并提供夹在笼子地板上的食物颗粒之间的高热量营养补充剂糊。将剩余的菌分板放在LB加糖板上，并计算菌落，以确认被施用的细菌数量。对于受感染伤口的体内成像，遵循生物安全二级密封协议，将小鼠运送到和从成像仪器运送，并将麻醉小鼠放在成像室内的易发位置。在成像软件中，将曝光时间、装箱、停止和视场设置为适合实验。接下来，在伤口位点创建一个感兴趣的区域，并测量光子/秒中检测到的平均通量。要测量背景，请通过成像平台上的随机区域创建感兴趣的区域，并减去每秒钟光子的背景数。实验结束时，在生物安全柜中，使用无菌剪刀和钳子切除伤口床，将每张床放在一毫升无菌PBS中，放在1.5毫升聚丙烯管中。用剪刀将伤口组织切碎，并在4摄氏度的摇床上孵化组织碎片，每分钟旋转300次，两小时。在孵化结束时，每个管旋转10秒，然后连续稀释PBS中的细菌废水，将稀释的细菌污水电镀到LB agar上，以量化细菌负担。利用成像光学系统获得的这一代表性图像表明，该模型可产生可检测的发光。在这个实验中，感染在接种后第三天达到顶峰，并且根据生物发光和菌群计数持续接种后七天。从伤口分离出的细菌的培养进一步证明，每个伤口的量化菌落形成单位与检测到的发光相关。虽然注射后立即有一个初始的快速减肥，盐水注射和补充营养可以恢复小鼠的初始重量。计算的接种剂量，其中50%的伤口将变得实质感染已确定为约7.7倍10的第二菌落形成单位每毫升。剂量高于1倍10至第四菌落形成单位每毫升导致100%感染率。各种局部和全身治疗可以应用后，伤害和接种程序，以研究新的潜在疗法伪多莫纳斯阿鲁吉诺萨。所有与伪多莫纳斯aeruginosa和受感染的小鼠的工作，应按照研究人员的机构生物安全和动物使用委员会指南，使用BSL-2安全预防措施进行。

Research

JoVE Journal

Immunology and Infection

A Delayed Inoculation Model of Chronic Pseudomonas aeruginosa Wound Infection

Co-culture Models of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Biofilms Grown on Live Human Airway Cells

Co-culture Models of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Biofilms Grown on Live Human Airway Cells

共培养模型绿脓杆菌现场人类呼吸道细胞生长的生物膜

Bacterial biofilms have been associated with a number of different human diseases, but biofilm development has generally been studied on non-living ...

科研

免疫与感染

Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Saccharomyces cerevisiae Biofilm in Flow Cells

Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Saccharomyces cerevisiae Biofilm in Flow Cells

铜绿假单胞菌和酿酒酵母流细胞生物膜

Many microbial cells have the ability to form sessile microbial communities defined as biofilms that have altered physiological and pathological ...

RNA Isolation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Colonizing the Murine Gastrointestinal Tract

RNA Isolation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Colonizing the Murine Gastrointestinal Tract

RNA的分离绿脓杆菌殖民小鼠胃肠道

Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA) infections result in significant morbidity and mortality in hosts with compromised immune systems, such as patients with ...

Use of Artificial Sputum Medium to Test Antibiotic Efficacy Against Pseudomonas aeruginosa in Conditions More Relevant to the Cystic Fibrosis Lung

Use of Artificial Sputum Medium to Test Antibiotic Efficacy Against Pseudomonas aeruginosa in Conditions More Relevant to the Cystic Fibrosis Lung

使用人工痰介质测试抗生素药效试验<em&gt;绿脓杆菌</em&gt;更多相关的肺囊肿性纤维化的条件

There  is growing concern about the relevance of in vitro antimicrobial  susceptibility tests when applied to isolates of P. aeruginosa from  cystic ...

Long Term Chronic Pseudomonas aeruginosa Airway Infection in Mice

Long Term Chronic Pseudomonas aeruginosa Airway Infection in Mice

长期慢性<em&gt;铜绿假单胞菌</em&gt;在呼吸道感染小鼠

A mouse model of chronic airway infection is a key asset in cystic fibrosis (CF) research, although there are a number of concerns regarding the model ...

Pseudomonas aeruginosa Induced Lung Injury Model

Pseudomonas aeruginosa Induced Lung Injury Model

绿脓杆菌引起的肺损伤模型

In order to study human acute lung injury and pneumonia, it is important to develop animal models to mimic various pathological features of this disease. ...

Studying Microbial Communities In Vivo: A Model of Host-mediated Interaction Between Candida Albicans and Pseudomonas Aeruginosa in the Airways

Studying Microbial Communities In Vivo: A Model of Host-mediated Interaction Between Candida Albicans and Pseudomonas Aeruginosa in the Airways

研究微生物群落<em&gt;在体内</em&gt;：主机之间介互动的典范<em&gt;白色念珠菌</em&gt;和<em&gt;铜绿假单胞菌</em&gt;在航空

Studying host-pathogen interaction enables us to understand the underlying mechanisms of the pathogenicity during microbial infection. The prognosis of ...

Come to the Light Side: In Vivo Monitoring of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Biofilm Infections in Chronic Wounds in a Diabetic Hairless Murine Model

Come to the Light Side: In Vivo Monitoring of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Biofilm Infections in Chronic Wounds in a Diabetic Hairless Murine Model

来到光明的一面: 体内糖尿病无毛小鼠慢性伤口生物膜感染的监测

The presence of bacteria as structured biofilms in chronic wounds, especially in diabetic patients, is thought to prevent wound healing and resolution. ...

Methods for Detecting Cytotoxic Amyloids Following Infection of Pulmonary Endothelial Cells by Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Methods for Detecting Cytotoxic Amyloids Following Infection of Pulmonary Endothelial Cells by Pseudomonas aeruginosa

铜绿假单胞菌感染肺内皮细胞后细胞毒性 Amyloids 的检测方法

Patients who survive pneumonia have elevated death rates in the months following hospital discharge. It has been hypothesized that infection of pulmonary ...

Generation of In-Frame Gene Deletion Mutants in Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Testing for Virulence Attenuation in a Simple Mouse Model of Infection

Generation of In-Frame Gene Deletion Mutants in Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Testing for Virulence Attenuation in a Simple Mouse Model of Infection

在伪单体中生成帧内基因删除突变体，并在简单小鼠感染模型中测试病毒衰减

Microorganisms are genetically versatile and diverse and have become a major source of many commercial products and biopharmaceuticals. Though some of ...