Name: working memory training for older participants: a control group training regimen and initial intellectual functioning assessment
Uploaded: 2020-09-20T12:30:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Working Memory Training for Older Participants: A Control Group Training Regimen and Initial Intellectual Functioning Assessment at JoVE.com

설명된 결과는 2014/13/B/HS6/03155에 따라 폴란드 국립 과학 센터에서 지원하는 프로젝트에서 얻어진다.

SWPS 사회 과학 및 인문 윤리 위원회는 여기에 설명 된 프로토콜을 평가했다. 헬싱키 선언에 따라 서면 통보된 동의는 모든 참가자로부터 얻어졌다.
1. 참가자 모집
<ol><li>각 교육 그룹에 대해 최소 36명의 자원봉사자를 모집합니다. 이 숫자는 저자의 이전 연구와 주제에 대한 문학에서 그룹 사이의 효과를 관찰하기에 충분하다는 것을 입증했다. 작업 메모리 학습의 일반적인 ?...

<ol>
	<li>Baddeley, A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Working+memory:+Looking+back+and+looking+forward.">Working memory: Looking back and looking forward.</a> Nature Reviews Neuroscience. , (2003).</li><li>Au, J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Improving+fluid+intelligence+with+training+on+working+memory:+a+meta-analysis.">Improving fluid intelligence with training on working memory: a meta-analysis.</a> Psychonomic Bulletin and Review. 22, 366-377 (2015).</li><li>Karbach, J., Verhaeghen, P. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Making+working+memory+work:+A+meta-analysis+of+executive+control+and+working+memory+training+in+younger+and+older+adults.">Making working memory work: A meta-analysis of executive control and working memory training in younger and older adults.</a> Psychological Science. 25, 11-2027 (2014).</li><li>Melby-Lerv&#229;g, M., Hulme, C. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Is+working+memory+training+effective?+A+meta-analytic+review.">Is working memory training effective? A meta-analytic review.</a> Developmental Psychology. , (2013).</li><li>Melby-Lerv&#229;g, M., Redick, T. S., Hulme, C. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Working+Memory+Training+Does+Not+Improve+Performance+on+Measures+of+Intelligence+or+Other+Measures+of+&amp;#34;Far+Transfer&amp;#34;:+Evidence+From+a+Meta-Analytic+Review.">Working Memory Training Does Not Improve Performance on Measures of Intelligence or Other Measures of &amp;#34;Far Transfer&amp;#34;: Evidence From a Meta-Analytic Review.</a> Perspectives on Psychological Science. , (2016).</li><li>Schwaighofer, M., Fischer, F., B&#252;hner, M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Does+Working+Memory+Training+Transfer?+A+Meta-Analysis+Including+Training+Conditions+as+Moderators.">Does Working Memory Training Transfer? 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여기에 제시 된 연구에서, 우리는 노인 작업 메모리 훈련에서 혜택을 받을 수 있는지 여부를 조사 하 고 그들의 기본적인 인식의 초기 수준에 연결 하는 경우. 우리는 N-back 작업을 실험적인 개입및 작업 메모리 용량(OSPAN 작업으로 측정)으로 사용하여 참가자의 초기 수준의 지적 기능을 조사하는 방법이었습니다. 우리는 프로토콜에 두 가지 중요한 단계를 했다. 첫 번째이자 가장 중요한 것은 초기 ...

많은 인지 훈련 연구에서, 듀얼 n-백 작업은 작업 메모리의 방법으로 사용 (WM) 훈련. WM은 다른 높은 수준의 지적 기능1에대한 중요성 때문에 인지 내정간섭의 일반적인 표적입니다. 그러나, 이러한 훈련의 효과와 인식에 더 일반적인 개선을 만들기위한 잠재력, 높은 토론하고있다 (메타 분석에 대한,참조2,3,4,5,6,7,7,7,14 및 리뷰, 참조4,8,9,10,11,12,13). 일부 연구자들은 '라고 주장하지만... 다른 기술에 작업 메모리 훈련의 일반화의 설득력있는 증거가없었다'4,다른 사람은 WM훈련의매우 중요한 효과를 보여주는 메타 분석 데이터를 제시2,3,5,6,11. 별도의 문제는 노인 인구에서 WM의 효과입니다. 몇몇 WM 훈련 연구는15,16,17,18,19,20에비해 젊은 성인에서 더 큰 이득을 보고했습니다, 반면 다른 사람들은 유사한 효력이 두 연령 집단21,22,23,24,25에서관찰될 수 있다는 것을 보여줍니다.
다양한 요소는 메모리 트레이닝26의이점을 예측하는 것으로 추정된다. 이러한 요인 중 일부는 WM 교육 효과21의잠재적 인 중재자로 나타납니다. 정신 능력, 기준선 인지 능력 또는 일반적인 인지 자원으로 설명 되 고, 이 위치에 대 한 강한 선택 중 하나 것 같다. 초기 지적 수준의 역할을 평가하기 위해, 우리는 훈련 요법을 적용하기 전에 인지 능력의 측정에 특별한 강조 (여기에 설명 된 방법)를 넣어. 그것은 참가자를 보여주는 데이터에 의해 지시 되었다, 누가 훈련의 시작 부분에 더 높은 인지 능력을 특징으로, 초기 인지 기능의 낮은 수준을 가진 사람에 비해 실질적으로 더 나은 훈련 결과 달성27. 유사한 현상은 매튜 효과로 불리는 교육 연구에서 관찰됩니다28,처음에 더 나은 기술을 가진 사람들은 문제의 능력의 예비 낮은 수준을 가진 사람들에 비해 더 향상 관찰.
그것은 생각을 자극, 그래도, 너무 많은 보고서가 이 주제에 게시 된21,29. 더욱이, 특히 노인 인구에 관해서 실질적인 개별적인 차이조차도 데이터 분석 및 해석30동안 방치되는 경우가 많다. 본 연구에서는, 우리는 건강한 노인의 단에 있는 WM 훈련 성공에 작업 메모리 용량의 초기 수준의 충격을 검토합니다. 실험 군과 대조군 간에 가능한 한 유사한 훈련 요법의 모든 요소를 유지하기 위해 능동적인 제어 그룹 설계를 사용했습니다. 따라서 교육 콘텐츠(WM 대 의미 체계 메모리)는 교육 결과의 예상 차이를 결정하는 한 가지 중요한 요소로 남아 있었다. 두 그룹 모두 전산화된 홈 기반 교육을 수행했습니다. 실험 그룹의 구성원은 적응형 듀얼 n-back 교육 프로그램과 의미 체계 메모리 퀴즈를 기반으로 작업으로 훈련된 활성 제어 그룹에 할당되었습니다. 여기에 접근 방식의 새로운 그들의 작업 메모리 용량을 평가 하 여 참가자의 인지 수준에 대 한 초기 평가에 강조 (WMC). 또한 이 문서에 제시된 초기 WMC 수준을 평가하는 방법은 후속 작업 메모리 교육 중에 성공할 수 있고 성공하지 못하는 사람들을 구별하는 효과적인 도구로 입증되었습니다. 우리는 이전에 이 연구결과4에서결과를 설명하고 간행했습니다 . 따라서 이 문서에서는 사용한 프로토콜에 대한 자세한 설명에 초점을 맞추고 있습니다.

<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="width:976px;" width="976">
	<tbody>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">GEx</td>
			<td style="width:121px;">n/a</td>
			<td style="width:289px;">authorial online platform: 
			used for N-back training, Quiz</td>
			<td style="width:349px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">IBM SPSS Statistics 26.0</td>
			<td style="width:121px;">IBM Corporation</td>
			<td style="width:289px;">SPSS software was used to compute statistical analysis.</td>
			<td style="width:349px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">Inquisit version 4.0.8.0</td>
			<td style="width:121px;">Millisecond Software</td>
			<td style="width:289px;">software: tool for designing and administering experiments 
			used for: The Sternberg Task, The Linear Syllogism Task and presenting the instructions for baseline EEG recording</td>
			<td style="width:349px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">MATLAB R2018b</td>
			<td style="width:121px;">The MathWorks, Inc</td>
			<td style="width:289px;">MATLAB software was used to compute statistics and to export databases and&#160; visualisation of the results</td>
			<td style="width:349px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">PsychoPy version 2 v.1.83.04</td>
			<td style="width:121px;">Jonathan Peirce; supported by University of Nottingham</td>
			<td style="width:289px;">open-source software 
			used for: Go/no Go Task, The Switching Task, Running Memory Span Taskckage based on Python</td>
			<td style="width:349px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">Sublime Text (version 2.0.2)</td>
			<td style="width:121px;">n/a</td>
			<td style="width:289px;">open-source software: HTML editor 
			used for: online OSPAN Task</td>
			<td style="width:349px;"></td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

working memory training for older participants: a control group training regimen and initial intellectual functioning assessment

인지 훈련 내정간섭의 효험은 최근에 높게 토론됩니다. 어떤 종류의 훈련 식이요법이 가장 효과적인지에 대한 합의는 없습니다. 또한, 교육 결과의 예측변수로서의 개별적인 특성은 여전히 조사되고 있습니다. 이 문서에서는 노인의 인지 효과에 대한 작업 메모리 (WM) 교육의 영향뿐만 아니라 초기 WM 용량 (WMC)이 교육 결과에 미치는 영향을 검토하여이 문제를 해결하려는 시도를 보여줍니다. 우리는 활성 제어 그룹 (메모리 퀴즈)와 적응 듀얼 n-백 교육의 5 주를 수행하는 방법을 자세히 설명합니다. 우리는 여기에 교육의 기술적 측면뿐만 아니라 참가자의 WMC의 초기 평가에 초점을 맞추고있다. 다른 인지 차원의 사전 및 사후 훈련 성능의 평가는 메모리 업데이트, 억제, 주의 이동, 단기 기억 (STM) 및 추론의 테스트 결과에 근거하였다. 우리는 WMC의 초기 수준이 n-back 교육 개입의 효율성을 예측한다는 것을 발견했습니다. 우리는 또한 우리가 측정 하는 인지 기능의 거의 모든 측면에서 포스트 훈련 개선을 발견 했습니다., 하지만 그 효과 대부분 독립적인 개입 했다.

교육 관련 효과
85명의 과목이 연구에 참여했으며(29명은 남성)였고, 평균 66.7세였다. 기술적 문제로 인해 N-back 교육 그룹의 한 참가자의 데이터가 기록되지 않았습니다. 마지막으로 N-back 트레이닝 그룹의 43명, 퀴즈 트레이닝 그룹 42명의 데이터를 분석했습니다. 반복된 측정값을 가진 분산(MANOVA)의 다변량 분석은 ?...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Working Memory Training for Older Participants: A Control Group Training Regimen and Initial Intellectual Functioning Assessment at JoVE.com

Working Memory Training for Older Participants: A Control Group Training Regimen and Initial Intellectual Functioning Assessment

노인 인구의 인지 훈련 개입과 함께 사전 훈련 인지 능력의 평가가 제시됩니다. 우리는 두 가지 버전의 훈련(실험 및 능동 제어)을 보여주고 인지 테스트의 배열에 미치는 영향을 보여줍니다.

이전 참가자를 위한 작업 메모리 교육: 제어 그룹 교육 요법 및 초기 지적 기능 평가

The efficacy of cognitive training interventions is recently highly debated. There is no consensus on what kind of training regimen is the most effective. ...

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JoVE Journal

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Training Synesthetic Letter-color Associations by Reading in Color

색상에 읽어 감각적 편지 컬러 협회 훈련

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A Cognitive Paradigm to Investigate Interference in Working Memory by Distractions and Interruptions

인지 적 패러다임은 산만하고 중단으로 작업 메모리의 간섭을 조사하기 위해

Goal-directed behavior is often impaired by interference from the external environment, either in the form of distraction by irrelevant information that ...

Vision Training Methods for Sports Concussion Mitigation and Management

스포츠 뇌진탕 완화 및 관리를위한 비전 교육 방법

There is emerging evidence supporting the use vision training, including light board training tools, as a concussion baseline and neuro-diagnostic tool ...

Combined Shuttle-Box Training with Electrophysiological Cortex Recording and Stimulation as a Tool to Study Perception and Learning

인식 및 학습을 연구하는 도구로 전기 생리 텍스 녹화 및 자극과 셔틀 박스 교육을 결합

Shuttle-box avoidance learning is a well-established method in behavioral neuroscience and experimental setups were traditionally custom-made; the ...

A Method for Evaluating the Reinforcing Properties of Ethanol in Rats without Water Deprivation, Saccharin Fading or Extended Access Training

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Operant oral self-administration methods are commonly used to study the reinforcing properties of ethanol in animals. However, the standard methods ...

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Cues that are contingently paired with unconditioned, rewarding stimuli can acquire rewarding properties themselves through a process known as the ...

An Innovative Running Wheel-based Mechanism for Improved Rat Training Performance

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This study presents an animal mobility system, equipped with a positioning running wheel (PRW), as a way to quantify the efficacy of an exercise activity ...

Assessing Working Memory in Children: The Comprehensive Assessment Battery for Children &#8211; Working Memory (CABC-WM)

Assessing Working Memory in Children: The Comprehensive Assessment Battery for Children ÃƒÆ’Ã‚Â¢ÃƒÂ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚Â¬ÃƒÂ¢Ã¢â€šÂ¬Ã…â€œ Working Memory CABC-WM

어린이의 작업 기억 평가 : 어린이를위한 종합 평가 배터리 - 작업 메모리 (CABC-WM)

The Comprehensive Assessment Battery for Children - Working Memory (CABC-WM) is a computer-based battery designed to assess different components of ...

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