Name: establishing in situ closed circuit perfusion of lower abdominal organs and hind limbs in mice
Uploaded: 2020-08-13T12:30:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Establishing In Situ Closed Circuit Perfusion of Lower Abdominal Organs and Hind Limbs in Mice at JoVE.com

这项研究得到了国家卫生和植物医院CA194058补助金对DS、斯卡格斯药学院ADR种子资助计划（DS）的支持;中国国家自然科学基金（第31771093号），吉林省国际合作项目（第2011180414085GH号），中央高校基础研究基金，JLU科技创新研究团队项目（2017-27，2019TD-36）。

此处描述的所有方法都已获得科罗拉多大学机构动物护理和使用委员会 （IACUC） 的批准。
1. 预热灌注系统
<ol><li>手术前准备灌注系统，为所有水套组件（香水储液罐、湿室和盖子）启动一个 37°C 循环水浴，如图 1A中的定制配置所示。确保油管清洁，必要时更换。要限制润混量，请使用湿润室内的气泡陷阱作为润酸盐储液罐（图1...

<ol>
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F., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Ex+vivo+perfusion+of+a+tumor-containing+colon+with+monoclonal+antibody.">Ex vivo perfusion of a tumor-containing colon with monoclonal antibody.</a> J Surg Res. 31 (2), 145-150 (1981).</li><li>Duda, D. G., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Malignant+cells+facilitate+lung+metastasis+by+bringing+their+own+soil.">Malignant cells facilitate lung metastasis by bringing their own soil.</a> Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 107 (50), 21677-21682 (2010).</li><li>Kristjansen, P. E., Boucher, Y., Jain, R. K. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Dexamethasone+reduces+the+interstitial+fluid+pressure+in+a+human+colon+adenocarcinoma+xenograft.">Dexamethasone reduces the interstitial fluid pressure in a human colon adenocarcinoma xenograft.</a> Cancer Research. 53 (20), 4764-4766 (1993).</li><li>Sevick, E. M., Jain, R. K. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Geometric+resistance+to+blood+flow+in+solid+tumors+perfused+ex+vivo:+effects+of+tumor+size+and+perfusion+pressure.">Geometric resistance to blood flow in solid tumors perfused ex vivo: effects of tumor size and perfusion pressure.</a> Cancer Research. 49 (13), 3506-3512 (1989).</li><li>Zhang, W. T., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Ex+vivo+Maintenance+of+Primary+Human+Multiple+Myeloma+Cells+through+the+Optimization+of+the+Osteoblastic+Niche.">Ex vivo Maintenance of Primary Human Multiple Myeloma Cells through the Optimization of the Osteoblastic Niche.</a> PLoS One. 10 (5), (2015).</li><li>Di Buduo, C. A., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Modular+flow+chamber+for+engineering+bone+marrow+architecture+and+function.">Modular flow chamber for engineering bone marrow architecture and function.</a> Biomaterials. 146, 60-71 (2017).</li><li>Lokerse, W. J. M., Eggermont, A. M. M., Grull, H., Koning, G. A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Development+and+evaluation+of+an+isolated+limb+infusion+model+for+investigation+of+drug+delivery+kinetics+to+solid+tumors+by+thermosensitive+liposomes+and+hyperthermia.">Development and evaluation of an isolated limb infusion model for investigation of drug delivery kinetics to solid tumors by thermosensitive liposomes and hyperthermia.</a> Journal of Controlled Release. 270, 282-289 (2018).</li><li>Tietjen, G. T., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Nanoparticle+targeting+to+the+endothelium+during+normothermic+machine+perfusion+of+human+kidneys.">Nanoparticle targeting to the endothelium during normothermic machine perfusion of human kidneys.</a> Science Translational Medicine. 9 (418), (2017).</li><li>Ternullo, S., de Weerd, L., Flaten, G. E., Holsaeter, A. M., Skalko-Basnet, N. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+isolated+perfused+human+skin+flap+model:+A+missing+link+in+skin+penetration+studies.">The isolated perfused human skin flap model: A missing link in skin penetration studies.</a> European Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences. 96, 334-341 (2017).</li><li>Fischer, A. H., Jacobson, K. A., Rose, J., Zeller, R. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Hematoxylin+and+eosin+staining+of+tissue+and+cell+sections.">Hematoxylin and eosin staining of tissue and cell sections.</a> Cold Spring Harbor Protocols. 2008, 4986 (2008).</li><li>Hekman, M. C., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Targeted+Dual-Modality+Imaging+in+Renal+Cell+Carcinoma:+An+Ex+vivo+Kidney+Perfusion+Study.">Targeted Dual-Modality Imaging in Renal Cell Carcinoma: An Ex vivo Kidney Perfusion Study.</a> Clinical Cancer Research. 22 (18), 4634-4642 (2016).</li><li>Graham, R. A., Brown, T. R., Meyer, R. 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所述电路可用于探究各种研究问题，例如不同血清成分和组织屏障在药物输送或免疫和干细胞贩运中的作用。不同的药物输送系统（如脂质体和纳米粒子）可以添加到香水中，以了解生理和生化因素在输送中的作用。灌注的持续时间可能会有所不同，具体取决于所研究的组织、科学目标和灌注的组成。我们在这里介绍灌注的结果长达2小时使用的基本灌注介质，包括林格的溶液与乳酸和白素。必须...

分离器官灌注最初是为了研究器官生理学移植1,1，2，3，,3并使人们了解器官的功能，不受其他身体系统的干扰。例如，孤立的肾脏和心脏灌注在理解血液动力学的原理和血管活性剂的作用方面非常有用，而肝脏灌注对于理解代谢功能，包括健康和患病组织,4、5、6、75中的药物46,代谢非常重要。此外，灌注研究对于了解用于移植的器官的生存能力和功能至关重要。在癌症研究中，由几组使用小鼠、大鼠和新鲜切除的人体组织8，9描述分离的肿瘤灌注9。在一些孤立的肿瘤灌注中，肿瘤被植入卵巢脂肪垫，以迫使从肠动脉10供应血管的肿瘤生长。Jain小组利用结肠腺癌的分离灌注进行开拓性研究，以了解肿瘤血流动力学和转移8,8，11，12，13。11,12,13其他创新工程外体设置包括一个96孔板为基础的灌注装置，培养初级人类多发性骨髓瘤细胞14和模块化流室工程骨髓架构和功能研究15。
除了生理学和病理学研究，器官灌注还被用来研究药物输送的原理。因此，一组人描述了孤立的大鼠肢体灌注，并研究了植入肉瘤16中脂质体积累的，而另一组则进行了解剖人体肾脏灌注，以研究纳米粒子17的内皮靶向。Ternullo等人使用一种孤立的渗透人体皮肤皮瓣作为接近体内皮肤药物渗透模型18。
尽管在大型器官和组织灌注方面取得了这些进展，但还没有关于小鼠原位灌注模型的报告：（a） 绕过肝脏、脾脏和肾脏等清除器官;（a） 旁路清除器官，如肝脏、脾脏和肾脏;（a） 旁路清除器官，如肝脏、脾脏和肾脏;（a） 旁路清除器官，如肝脏、脾脏和肾脏;（a） 旁白器官;（a） 血液移植器官;（a） 血液灌注模型。（（b） 包括骨盆器官、皮肤、肌肉、生殖器官（男性）、膀胱、前列腺和骨髓。由于这些器官体积小，供应血管，外体可灌注和建立灌注电路不可行。小鼠是癌症和免疫学研究以及药物输送中最重要的动物模型。对小小鼠器官进行功能移植的能力将允许有关药物交付给这些器官的有趣问题，包括植入骨盆的肿瘤（膀胱、前列腺、卵巢、骨髓），以及这些器官疾病的基本生理学和免疫学研究。为了解决这个缺陷，我们在小鼠身上开发了一种原位灌注回路，可以避免组织损伤，比孤立的器官灌注更适合功能研究。

<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="width:1073px;" width="1071">
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	<tbody>
		<tr height="21">
			<td>Equipment</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">3.5x-90x stereo zoom microscope on boom stand with LED light</td>
			<td>Amscope</td>
			<td>SKU: SM-3BZ-80S</td>
			<td style="width:313px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:435px;">Carbon dioxide, USP</td>
			<td>Airgas healthcare</td>
			<td style="width:135px;">19087-5283</td>
			<td style="width:313px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:435px;">Confocal microscope</td>
			<td style="width:191px;">NIKON</td>
			<td style="width:135px;">ECLIPSE Ti2</td>
			<td style="width:313px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:435px;">Disposable Sterile Cautery Pen with High Temp</td>
			<td style="width:191px;">FIAB</td>
			<td style="width:135px;">F7244</td>
			<td style="width:313px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;">Moist chamber bubble trap (part 6 in Figure 1)</td>
			<td style="width:191px;">Harvard Apparatus</td>
			<td style="width:135px;">733692</td>
			<td style="width:313px;">Customized as the perfisate container; also enabled constant pressure perfusion</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Moist chamber cover with quartz window (part 3 in Figure 1)</td>
			<td style="width:191px;">Harvard Apparatus</td>
			<td style="width:135px;">733524</td>
			<td style="width:313px;">keep the chamber&#39;s temperature</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;">Moist chamber with metal tube heat exchanger</td>
			<td style="width:191px;">Harvard Apparatus</td>
			<td style="width:135px;">732901</td>
			<td style="width:313px;">Water-jacketed moist chamber with lid to maintain perfusate and mouse temperature</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="54">
			<td height="54" style="height:55px;width:435px;">Olsen-Hegar needle holders with suture cutters</td>
			<td style="width:191px;">Fine Science Tools (FST)</td>
			<td style="width:135px;">125014</td>
			<td style="width:313px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="28">
			<td height="28" style="height:28px;width:435px;">Oxygen compressed, USP</td>
			<td>Airgas healthcare</td>
			<td style="width:135px;">C2649150AE06</td>
			<td style="width:313px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;">Roller pump (part 4 in Figure 1)</td>
			<td style="width:191px;">Harvard Apparatus</td>
			<td style="width:135px;">730113</td>
			<td style="width:313px;">deliver perfusate to cannula in the moist chamber</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">SCP plugsys servo control F/Perfusion (part 1 in Figure 1)</td>
			<td style="width:191px;">Harvard Apparatus</td>
			<td style="width:135px;">732806</td>
			<td style="width:313px;">control the purfusion speed</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Silicone pad</td>
			<td style="width:191px;">Harvard Apparatus</td>
			<td style="width:135px;"></td>
			<td style="width:313px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;">Silicone tubing set (arrows in Figure 1)</td>
			<td style="width:191px;">Harvard Apparatus (TYGON)</td>
			<td style="width:135px;">733456</td>
			<td style="width:313px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Student standard pattern forceps</td>
			<td style="width:191px;">Fine Science Tools (FST)</td>
			<td style="width:135px;">91100-12</td>
			<td style="width:313px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Surgical Scissors</td>
			<td style="width:191px;">Fine Science Tools (FST)</td>
			<td style="width:135px;">14001-14</td>
			<td style="width:313px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Table for moist chamber</td>
			<td style="width:191px;">Harvard Apparatus</td>
			<td style="width:135px;">734198</td>
			<td style="width:313px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;">Thermocirculator (part 2 in Figure 1)</td>
			<td style="width:191px;">Harvard Apparatus</td>
			<td style="width:135px;">724927</td>
			<td style="width:313px;">circulating water bath for all water-jacketed components</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Three-way stopcock (part 5 in Figure 1)</td>
			<td style="width:191px;">Cole-Palmer</td>
			<td style="width:135px;">30600-02</td>
			<td style="width:313px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Veterinary anesthesia machine</td>
			<td style="width:191px;">Highland</td>
			<td style="width:135px;">HME109</td>
			<td style="width:313px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td>Materials</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="63">
			<td height="63" style="height:63px;">19-G BD PrecisionGlide needle</td>
			<td style="width:191px;">BD</td>
			<td style="width:135px;">305186</td>
			<td style="width:313px;">For immobilizing the Insyte Autoguard Winged needle and scratching the cortical bone</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">4-0 silk sutures</td>
			<td style="width:191px;">Keebomed-Hopemedical</td>
			<td style="width:135px;">427411</td>
			<td style="width:313px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">6-0 silk sutures</td>
			<td style="width:191px;">Keebomed-Hopemedical</td>
			<td style="width:135px;">427401</td>
			<td style="width:313px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:435px;">Filter (0.2 &#181;m)</td>
			<td style="width:191px;">ThermoFisher</td>
			<td>42225-CA</td>
			<td style="width:313px;">Filter for 5% BSA-RINGER&#8217;S</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Permanent marker</td>
			<td style="width:191px;">Staedtler</td>
			<td style="width:135px;">342-9</td>
			<td style="width:313px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Syringe (10 mL)</td>
			<td style="width:191px;">Fisher Scientific</td>
			<td style="width:135px;">14-823-2E</td>
			<td style="width:313px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Syringe (60 mL)</td>
			<td style="width:191px;">BD</td>
			<td style="width:135px;">309653</td>
			<td style="width:313px;">Filter for 5% BSA-RINGER&#8217;S</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td>Reagents</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:435px;">1% Evans blue ( w/v ) in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS, pH 7.5)</td>
			<td style="width:191px;">Sigma</td>
			<td style="width:135px;">314-13-6</td>
			<td style="width:313px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">10% buffered formalin</td>
			<td>velleyvet</td>
			<td style="width:135px;">36692</td>
			<td style="width:313px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">BALB/c mice ( 8-10 weeks old )</td>
			<td style="width:191px;">Charles River</td>
			<td style="width:135px;"></td>
			<td style="width:313px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;">Baxter Viaflex lactate Ringer&#39;s solution</td>
			<td style="width:191px;">EMRN Medical Supplies Inc.</td>
			<td style="width:135px;">JB2324</td>
			<td style="width:313px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:435px;">Bovine serum albumin</td>
			<td>Thermo Fisher</td>
			<td>11021-037</td>
			<td style="width:313px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Cyanoacrylate glue</td>
			<td style="width:191px;">Krazy Glue</td>
			<td style="width:135px;"></td>
			<td style="width:313px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">DyLight-649-lectin</td>
			<td style="width:191px;">Vector Laboratories,Inc.</td>
			<td style="width:135px;">ZB1214</td>
			<td style="width:313px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Ethanol (70% (vol/vol))</td>
			<td style="width:191px;">Pharmco</td>
			<td style="width:135px;">111000190</td>
			<td style="width:313px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:435px;">Hoechst33342</td>
			<td style="width:191px;">Life Technologies</td>
			<td style="width:135px;">H3570</td>
			<td style="width:313px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:435px;">Isoflurane</td>
			<td>Piramal Enterprises Limited</td>
			<td style="width:135px;">66794-017-25</td>
			<td style="width:313px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:435px;">Phosphate buffered saline</td>
			<td style="width:191px;">Gibco</td>
			<td style="width:135px;">10010023</td>
			<td style="width:313px;"></td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

establishing in situ closed circuit perfusion of lower abdominal organs and hind limbs in mice

前活体灌注是研究分离器官（如肝脏、肾脏）功能的重要生理工具。同时，由于小鼠器官体积小，骨、膀胱、皮肤、前列腺和生殖器官的外体灌注具有挑战性或不可行。在这里，我们首次报告小鼠的原位下半身灌注回路，包括上述组织，但绕过主要清除器官（肾脏、肝脏和脾脏）。该回路通过将腹主动脉和劣质静脉冠状动脉和静脉上方以及烧灼外周血管进行开气和建立。灌注通过一个内皮泵进行，其灌注流量保持长达2小时。原位染色与荧光叶管和霍赫斯特溶液证实，微血管已成功覆盖。此小鼠模型是研究病理过程以及药物传递机制、循环肿瘤细胞进入/从肿瘤的迁移/转移以及免疫系统与扩散器官和组织相互作用的非常有用的工具。

我们建立了闭路灌注系统，通过腹主动脉和8-10周大小鼠的劣质静脉灌注系统，同时保持灌注缓冲液的体积小于10 mL。 图 3A 显示了使用包含 Hoechst 33342 和 DyLight 649-lectin 的 Ringer 溶液对组织进行吸收后共和图像。肌肉，骨髓，睾丸，膀胱，前列腺和脚部皮肤显示有效的核和血管染色。 图3B 显示3小时正常热灌注后器官的血氧素-eosin染色。
<p class="jove_con...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Establishing In Situ Closed Circuit Perfusion of Lower Abdominal Organs and Hind Limbs in Mice at JoVE.com

Establishing In Situ Closed Circuit Perfusion of Lower Abdominal Organs and Hind Limbs in Mice

描述小鼠下半身的原位灌注，包括膀胱、前列腺、性器官、骨骼、肌肉和足部皮肤的原位灌注。

在小鼠中建立下腹部器官和后肢的原点闭路灌注

Ex vivo perfusion is an important physiological tool to study the function of isolated organs (e.g. liver, kidneys). At the same time, due to the small ...

该协议可用于回答有关药物输送和免疫相互作用在我们的电路中包含的器官的问题。这种技术允许用传统的外体方法使无法灌注的器官，同时避免主要的清除器官。在开始手术之前，设置一个循环水浴和所有水套组件，到37摄氏度。确认管材已清洗，并使用湿润室内的气泡陷阱作为香水储液罐，以限制香水体积。要执行导管手术，确认踏板反射缺乏反应，在8至10周大的男性麻醉灯泡见鼠标。将鼠标放在发泡胶板上的上点位置，头在六点钟。用胶带固定动物的四肢，用异丙醇擦拭腹部。在腹部做一个T形切口，使用电凝固来阻止切口边缘周围的出血。将胃、杰朱努姆和结肠推到腹部右侧，露出腹部主动脉、静脉卡瓦和常见的腹腔和腹腔动脉和静脉。在解剖显微镜下，用4-O丝线缝合定位和缝合卵巢和牙周动脉和静脉。将两个4-O丝线在腹部主动脉下循环，在腹动脉和静脉上方约一厘米，相距1毫米。然后在最接近伊利亚克容器的缝合中松一点头。使用针架水平对齐和拉伸劣质的维纳卡瓦和腹部主动脉。而且，保持血管伸展，使用24轨的有翼护盾IV导管刺穿腹部主动脉。一旦针头穿透约一毫米的容器，按下按钮以收回针芯，并将导管插入约五毫米的容器中。以同样的方式将导管插入五毫米的劣质维纳卡瓦。将两个缝合线系在导管血管周围。然后应用即时胶水固定导管到直立人旋转 a， 并更换腹部器官.要设置灌注系统，请将鼠标放在水套湿室的硅垫上，用 19 个规格的针头将导管翅膀固定到垫上。用预加热的灌注缓冲液填充动脉导管入口。使用止血钳和螺丝式连接器将导管入口连接到导管，并使用胶带固定进气管。将永体流速调整为每分钟0.6毫升，保持灌注流出开限5至10分钟，通过静脉导管洗血。出口导管中会存在一些血块，用香水缓冲液冲洗出血块，并使用接头上的螺钉将静脉导管的端接到出口导管的端接上以关闭电路。然后用预热盖盖湿室长达两个小时的灌注，定期检查灌注液的水平。此处显示与含有 Hoechst 33342 和 DyLight-649 lectin 的振铃溶液灌注后共和图像。肌肉、骨髓、睾丸、膀胱、前列腺和足部皮肤通常表现出有效的核和血管染色。血氧林和欧辛染色这些组织后，三个小时的正常热灌注，揭示了成功的冲洗器官，没有明显的组织损伤。该模型可用于了解药物吸收途径，在生理无关的环境中。例如，了解血清成分在药物积累中的作用。我们使用这个系统，了解皮肤中脂蛋白体积累的机理。

Research

JoVE Journal

Medicine

Improved Visualization of Lung Metastases at Single Cell Resolution in Mice by Combined In-situ Perfusion of Lung Tissue and X-Gal Staining of lacZ-Tagged Tumor Cells

Improved Visualization of Lung Metastases at Single Cell Resolution in Mice by Combined In-situ Perfusion of Lung Tissue and X-Gal Staining of lacZ-Tagged Tumor Cells

肺转移瘤在小鼠体内的组合在单细胞分辨率的可视化改进<em&gt;在原位</em灌注肺组织和X-gal染色<em&gt; lacZ的</em&gt;标记的肿瘤细胞

Metastasis is the main cause of death in the majority of cancer types and consequently a main focus in cancer research. However, the detection of ...

科研

医学

Carotid Artery Infusions for Pharmacokinetic and Pharmacodynamic Analysis of Taxanes in Mice

颈动脉输液的紫杉烷类化合物在小鼠体内的药代动力学和药效学分析

When proposing the use of a drug, drug combination, or drug delivery into a novel system, one must assess the pharmacokinetics of the drug in the study ...

Ex Situ Normothermic Machine Perfusion of Donor Livers

Ex Situ Normothermic Machine Perfusion of Donor Livers

供肝易地常温灌注机

In contrast to conventional static cold preservation (0-4 &#176;C), ex situ machine perfusion may provide better preservation of donor livers. Continuous ...

Orthotopic Hind Limb Transplantation in the Mouse

原位后肢移植中的鼠标

In vivo animal model systems, and in particular mouse models, have evolved into powerful and versatile scientific tools indispensable to basic and ...

Creation of Abdominal Adhesions in Mice

小鼠腹腔粘连的创建

Abdominal adhesions consist of fibrotic tissue that forms in the peritoneal space in response to an inflammatory insult, typically surgery or ...

A Closed-chest Model to Induce Transverse Aortic Constriction in Mice

诱导小鼠横向主动脉狭窄的闭合胸模型

Research on cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure is frequently based on pressure overload mouse models induced by TAC. The standard procedure is to ...

The Generation of Closed Femoral Fractures in Mice: A Model to Study Bone Healing

小鼠闭合性股骨骨折的形成: 骨愈合模型的研究

Bone fractures impose a tremendous socio-economic burden on patients, in addition to significantly affecting their quality of life. Therapeutic strategies ...

Normothermic Ex Situ Heart Perfusion in Working Mode: Assessment of Cardiac Function and Metabolism

工作模式下的心功能和代谢评估

The current standard method for organ preservation (cold storage, CS), exposes the heart to a period of cold ischemia that limits the safe preservation ...

Preclinical Model of Hind Limb Ischemia in Diabetic Rabbits

糖尿病家兔欣德肢体缺血的临床前模型

Peripheral vascular disease is a widespread clinical problem that affects millions of patients worldwide. A major consequence of peripheral vascular ...

Ultrasound Imaging of the Thoracic and Abdominal Aorta in Mice to Determine Aneurysm Dimensions

小鼠胸腹主动脉超声检查确定动脉瘤大小

Contemporary high-resolution ultrasound instruments have sufficient resolution to facilitate the measurement of mouse aortas. These instruments have been ...