Name: fabrication of compressed hosiery and measurement of its pressure characteristic exerted on the lower limbs
Uploaded: 2020-05-27T14:00:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Fabrication of Compressed Hosiery and Measurement of its Pressure Characteristic Exerted on the Lower Limbs at JoVE.com

Forfatterne afslører modtagelsen af følgende økonomiske støtte til forskning, forfatterskab og / eller offentliggørelse af denne artikel: National Key R &D Program of China, Grants No. 2018YFC2000900, National Natural Science Foundation of China, Grants No. 11802171, Program for Professor of Special Appointment (Eastern Scholar) ved Shanghai Institutions of Higher Learning og Talent Program fra Shanghai University of Engineering Science.

1. Fremstilling af CH
<ol><li>Programmering<ol>
<li>Åbn STAT-Ds 615 MP strømpesoftware og vælg Almindeligt stof for at skabe en ny sokkonstruktion.</li>
		<li>Vælg følgende indhold i rækkefølge: Dobbelt welt 1 feed, Overførsel uden mønster, Plain medicinsk ben fra dobbelt welt 1 foder, Begynd hæl fra almindelig medicinsk ben, End of heel og plain medicinsk fod, Begynd tå fra almindelig fod 1f</strong...

<ol>
	<li>Partsch, H. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+static+stiffness+index:+a+simple+method+to+assess+the+elastic+property+of+vcompression+material+in+vivo.">The static stiffness index: a simple method to assess the elastic property of vcompression material in vivo.</a> Dermatologic Surgery. 31 (6), 625-630 (2010).</li><li>Dissemond, J., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Compression+therapy+in+patients+with+venous+leg+ulcers.">Compression therapy in patients with venous leg ulcers.</a> Journal der Deutschen Dermatologischen Gesellschaft. 14 (11), 1072-1087 (2016).</li><li>Mosti, G., Picerni, P., Partsch, H. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Compression+stockings+with+moderate+pressure+are+able+to+reduce+chronic+leg+oedema.">Compression stockings with moderate pressure are able to reduce chronic leg oedema.</a> Phlebology. 27 (6), 289-296 (2012).</li><li>Rabe, E., Partsch, H., Hafner, J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Therapy+with+compression+stockings+in+Germany-Results+from+the+Bonn+Vein+Studies.">Therapy with compression stockings in Germany-Results from the Bonn Vein Studies.</a> Journal der Deutschen Dermatologischen Gesellschaft. 11 (3), 257-261 (2013).</li><li>Liu, R., Lao, T. T., Kwok, Y. L., Li, Y., Ying, M. T. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Effects+of+graduated+compression+stockings+with+different+pressure+profiles+on+lower-limb+venous+structures+and+haemodynamics.">Effects of graduated compression stockings with different pressure profiles on lower-limb venous structures and haemodynamics.</a> Advances in Therapy. 25 (5), 465 (2008).</li><li>Bera, M., Chattopadhyay, R., Gupta, D. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Influence+of+linear+density+of+elastic+inlay+yarn+on+pressure+generation+on+human+body.">Influence of linear density of elastic inlay yarn on pressure generation on human body.</a> Journal of Industrial Textiles. 46 (4), 1053-1066 (2016).</li><li>Chattopadhyay, R., Gupta, D., Bera, M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Effect+of+input+tension+of+inlay+yarn+on+the+characteristics+of+knitted+circular+stretch+fabrics+and+pressure+generation.">Effect of input tension of inlay yarn on the characteristics of knitted circular stretch fabrics and pressure generation.</a> Journal of Textiles Institute. 103 (6), 636-642 (2012).</li><li>Ozbayraktar, N., Kavusturan, Y. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+effects+of+inlay+yarn+amount+and+yarn+count+on+extensibility+and+bursting+strength+of+compression+stockings.">The effects of inlay yarn amount and yarn count on extensibility and bursting strength of compression stockings.</a> Tekstil ve Konfeksiyon. 19 (2), 102-107 (2009).</li><li>Maleki, H., Aghajani, M., Sadeghi, A. H. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=On+the+pressure+behavior+of+tubular+weft+knitted+fabrics+constructed+from+textured+polyester+yarns.">On the pressure behavior of tubular weft knitted fabrics constructed from textured polyester yarns.</a> Journal of Engineered Fibers &amp; Fabrics. 6 (2), 30-39 (2011).</li><li>Bera, M., Chattopadhyay, R., Gupta, D. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Effect+of+linear+density+of+inlay+yarns+on+structural+characteristics+of+knitted+fabric+tube+and+pressure+generation+on+cylinder.">Effect of linear density of inlay yarns on structural characteristics of knitted fabric tube and pressure generation on cylinder.</a> Journal of Textiles Institute. 106 (1), 39-46 (2015).</li><li>Thomas, S. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+use+of+the+Laplace+equation+in+the+calculation+of+sub-bandage+pressure.">The use of the Laplace equation in the calculation of sub-bandage pressure.</a> World Wide Wounds. 3 (1), 21-23 (1980).</li><li>Maklewska, E., Nawrocki, A., Ledwo&#324;, J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Modelling+and+designing+of+knitted+products+used+in+compressive+therapy.">Modelling and designing of knitted products used in compressive therapy.</a> Fibres &amp; Textiles in Eastern Europe. 14 (5), 111-113 (2006).</li><li>Leung, W. Y., Yuen, D. W., Shi, S. Q. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Pressure+prediction+model+for+compression+garment+design.">Pressure prediction model for compression garment design.</a> Journal of Burn Care Research. 31 (5), 716-727 (2010).</li><li>Dale, J. J., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Multilayer+compression:+comparison+of+four+different+four-layer+bandage+systems+applied+to+the+leg.">Multilayer compression: comparison of four different four-layer bandage systems applied to the leg.</a> European Journal of Vascular &amp; Endovascular Surgery. 27 (1), 94-99 (2004).</li><li>Al-Khaburi, J., Nelson, E. A., Hutchinson, J., Dehghani-Sanij, A. A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Impact+of+multilayered+compression+bandages+on+sub-bandage+pressure:+a+model.">Impact of multilayered compression bandages on sub-bandage pressure: a model.</a> Phlebology. 26 (1), 75-83 (2011).</li><li>Al-Khaburi, J., Dehghani-Sanij, A. A., Nelson, E. A., Hutchinson, J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Effect+of+bandage+thickness+on+interface+pressure+applied+by+compression+bandages.">Effect of bandage thickness on interface pressure applied by compression bandages.</a> Medical Engineering &amp; Physics. 34 (3), 378-385 (2012).</li><li>Sikka, M. P., Ghosh, S., Mukhopadhyay, A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Mathematical+modeling+to+predict+the+sub-bandage+pressure+on+a+cone+limb+for+multi-layer+bandaging.">Mathematical modeling to predict the sub-bandage pressure on a cone limb for multi-layer bandaging.</a> Medical Engineering &amp; Physics. 38 (9), 917-921 (2016).</li><li>Zhang, L. L., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+structure+and+pressure+characteristics+of+graduated+compression+stockings:+experimental+and+numerical+study.">The structure and pressure characteristics of graduated compression stockings: experimental and numerical study.</a> Textile Research Journal. 89 (23-24), 5218-5225 (2019).</li></ol>

I denne undersøgelse giver vi to metoder til at måle det udøvede tryk af CH-prøver, og disse metoder kan bruges til at måle det udøvede tryk fra anden beklædningsbeklædning på huden. I den direkte metode er CH-prøven klædt på den kunstige underekstremitet, og grænsefladesensoren placeres under CH-prøven. Trykværdien kan vises på skærmen ved hjælp af dataindsamlingssoftware. For at sammenligne med den direkte metode leverer vi også en indirekte metode. To teorier, der involverer cylindermodellen og kegl...

Komprimeret strømpe (CH) giver tryk på underekstremiteterne. Det kan trykke på huden og yderligere ændre vene radius. Således er den venøse blodgennemstrømning hastighed hæves, når patienten er klædt i komprimeret strømpebukser. CH og andre komprimerede beklædningsgenstande kan forbedre venøs cirkulation i underekstremiteterne1,2,3,4. Den terapeutiske ydeevne var afhængig af trykegenskaberne i CH5. Det var en udbredt opfattelse, at råmateriale og CH-struktur har stor indflydelse på CH-trykegenskaber. Elastangarn i CH var ifølge nogle offentliggjorte undersøgelser hovedansvarlige for trykegenskaberne6. For eksempel rapporterede Chattopadhyay7 trykegenskaberne af strikkede cirkulære strækstoffer ved at justere tilspændingen af elastangarn. Desuden fastslog Ozbayraktar8 også, at tætheden af elastangarn steg, mens CH's udvidelsesmuligheder faldt. Derudover viste løkkelængde9, strikket mønster9og lineær tæthed af garnerne7,10 også virkningerne på trykegenskaberne.
En numerisk model blev præsenteret for at inspicere dannelsen mekanisme af trykegenskaber af CH Laplace's lov blev brugt til at forudsige trykværdier. Thomas11 introducerede Laplaces lov i trykforudsigelse ved at kombinere tryk, spænding og kropsbensstørrelse. Lignende arbejde blev også rapporteret af Maklewska12. For præcist at forudsige de trykværdier, der udøves af stoffet, præsenterede de en semi-empirisk ligning, der var sammensat af den monterede stress-stamme ligning og Laplace's lov. Derudover blev Youngs modulus præsenteret af Leung13 for at beskrive forlængelsen af CH.
Ovennævnte numeriske undersøgelser viste afvigende eksperimentelle resultater på grund af uvidenhed omCH-tykkelsen 14. Derudover mente nogle forskere, at den hypotetiske cylinder, der er involveret i Laplaces lov, var uhensigtsmæssig til at beskrive kroppens lemmer, fordi radius af underekstremiteterne fra låret til anklen ikke er konstant, men gradvist falder. Ved at kombinere den tykke cylinder teori og Laplace's lov, Dale14 og Al Khaburi15,16 henholdsvis foreslået numeriske modeller til at undersøge presset fra CH med flere lag. Sikka17 præsenterede en ny kegle model med en gradvist nedsat radius fra låret til anklen.
De trykegenskaber, der var iboende for CH, var vanskelige at kvantitativt studere, fordi de fleste af de eksperimentelle CH'er i tidligere undersøgelser normalt blev købt kommercielt. Påvirkninger som mønster, garn, råmateriale var ukontrollable. Derfor blev de eksperimentelle CH'er i denne undersøgelse kontrollerende fremstillet i huset. Desuden har denne undersøgelse til formål at tilvejebringe to metoder, der involverer direkte metode og indirekte metode til måling af trykegenskaberne. I den direkte metode placeres en grænsefladesensor (Tabel over materialer) mellem hud og tekstiler for direkte at måle trykværdien. På den anden side måles først spændingen og nogle strukturparametre for CH-prøvedressingen på den kunstige underekstremitet i den indirekte metode. Derefter erstattes resultaterne i keglemodellen og cylindermodellen for at beregne trykværdien. De trykværdier, der opnås som følge af de to metoder, kontrasteres og analyseres for at finde en mere passende model. De præsenterede metoder giver en retningslinje for den eksperimentelle måling af tryk udøvet af den komprimerede beklædningsgenstand.

<table>
	<tbody>
		<tr>
			<td>Artificial lower limb</td>
			<td>Dayuan, Laizhou Electron Instrument Co., Ltd.</td>
			<td>YG065C</td>
			<td>Used for measuring the strength of stockings. The employing test standard is ISO 13934-1-2013, metioned this in section 3.3</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>CH fabrication machine</td>
			<td>Hongda, Co., Ltd.</td>
			<td>YG14N</td>
			<td>Used for measuring the thickness of stockings, the test standard is ISO 5084:1996, metioned this in section 3.2</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Elastane yarn</td>
			<td>MathWorks, Co., Ltd.</td>
			<td>2018a</td>
			<td>Used for calculating the pressure, mentioned this in section 4.</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>FlexiForce interface pressure sensors</td>
			<td>Qile, Co., Ltd.</td>
			<td>Y115B</td>
			<td>It is composed of magnifying glass with a fixed ruler. Used for counting the loops number per cm in the fabricated CH, metioned this in the sction 3.1.3 and 3.1.7.</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>FlexiForce measurement software</td>
			<td>Santoni, Co., Ltd.</td>
			<td>GOAL 615MP</td>
			<td>Used for fabricating stockings, metioned this in section 1.2</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Ground yarn</td>
			<td>Santoni, Co., Ltd.</td>
			<td></td>
			<td>It is a kind of coverd yarn which is composed of 80% rubber and 20% viscose, metioned this in section 1.2.1</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Matlab software</td>
			<td>Santoni, Co., Ltd.</td>
			<td></td>
			<td>It is a kind of coverd yarn which is composed of 30% polyamide and 70% cotton, metioned this in section 1.2.1</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Mechanical testing instrument and software</td>
			<td>Santoni, Co., Ltd.</td>
			<td>GOAL 615MP</td>
			<td>Used for programing the fabrication parameters, metioned this in section.1.1</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Pick glass</td>
			<td>Shenmei, Inc.</td>
			<td>F002</td>
			<td>A standard artificial femal with 160 cm height. The size was consited with Chinese Standard GB 10000-1988. The artificial femal was made by glass-reinforced plywood and covered by fabric. Mentioned this in section 2.1.</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>STAT-Ds 615 MP stocking software</td>
			<td>Tekscan, Inc.</td>
			<td>A201</td>
			<td>Used for measuring the pressure on the skin, metioned this in section 2.2.1</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Thickness gauge</td>
			<td>Weike, Co., Ltd.</td>
			<td>1lbs</td>
			<td>Used for recording the pressure, metioned this in section 2.2.2-2.2.4.</td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

fabrication of compressed hosiery and measurement of its pressure characteristic exerted on the lower limbs

Denne artikel rapporterer trykkarakteristika måling af komprimeret strømper via direkte og indirekte metoder. I den direkte metode bruges en grænsefladesensor til at måle den trykværdi, der udøves på underekstremiteterne. I den indirekte metode testes de nødvendige parametre, der er nævnt af kegle- og cylindermodellen, for at beregne trykværdien. De nødvendige parametre involverer kursustæthed, walestæthed, omkreds, længde, tykkelse, spænding og deformation af den komprimerede strømpe. Sammenlignet med resultaterne af den direkte metode er keglemodellen i den indirekte metode mere egnet til beregning af trykværdien, fordi keglemodellen overvejer ændringen i radius af underekstremiteten fra knæet til anklen. Baseret på denne måling undersøges forholdet mellem fabrikation, struktur og tryk yderligere i denne undersøgelse. Vi finder, at graduering er den vigtigste indflydelse, der kan ændre Wales tæthed. På den anden side påvirker elastiske motorer direkte kursustætheden og omkredsen af strømperne. Vores rapporterede arbejde giver fabrikation-struktur-trykforhold og et design guide til gradvist komprimeret strømpebukser.

Kursustætheden øges gradvist fra knæet til anklen i figur 2a. Dette forklares ved indflydelsen fra den elastiske motor. Fra knæet til anklen genererer den øgede elastiske motor gradvist stigende spænding fra del 5 til del 1 i CH-fremstillingsprocessen. Ch-prøven frappes således gradvist, og sløjfetallet pr. cm øges i kursretningen. De eksperimentelle linjer i figur 2b kan opdeles i tre grupper: ABC, DEF, GHI. Gruppe ABC er fremstillet med den mindste g...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Fabrication of Compressed Hosiery and Measurement of its Pressure Characteristic Exerted on the Lower Limbs at JoVE.com

Fabrication of Compressed Hosiery and Measurement of its Pressure Characteristic Exerted on the Lower Limbs

Denne artikel rapporterer fremstilling, struktur og trykmåling af komprimeret strømpebukser ved hjælp af direkte og indirekte metoder.

Fremstilling af komprimeret strømpe og måling af dets trykkarakteristik udøvet på underekstremiteterne

This article reports the pressure characteristic measurement of compressed hosiery via direct and indirect methods. In the direct method, an interface ...

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