Name: a modified two kidney one clip mouse model of renin regulation in renal artery stenosis
Uploaded: 2020-10-26T13:00:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about A Modified Two Kidney One Clip Mouse Model of Renin Regulation in Renal Artery Stenosis at JoVE.com

Forskningen ble støttet av NHLBI Research Scientist Development Grant (1K01HL135461-01) til JAG. Takk til David Carmona-Berrio og Isabel Adarve-Rengifo for teknisk assistanse.

Mus ble plassert og tatt vare på Vanderbilt University Medical Center (VUMC) Division of Animal Care etter National Institutes of Health (NIH) retningslinjer og Guide for omsorg og bruk av laboratoriedyr, US Department of Health and Human Services. Alle dyreprosedyrer ble godkjent av VUMC Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee før forsøkene startet.
1. Forberedelse og disseksjon av dyr
<ol><li>Slå på germinator og vannpumpe på varmeputen ca 30 min før du starter operasjonen.</li>...

<ol>
	<li>Kashyap, S., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Blockade+of+CCR2+reduces+macrophage+influx+and+development+of+chronic+renal+damage+in+murine+renovascular+hypertension.">Blockade of CCR2 reduces macrophage influx and development of chronic renal damage in murine renovascular hypertension.</a> American Journal of Physiology-Renal Physiology. 310 (5), 372-384 (2016).</li><li>Wang, W., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Changes+in+inflammatory+biomarkers+after+renal+revascularization+in+atherosclerotic+renal+artery+stenosis.">Changes in inflammatory biomarkers after renal revascularization in atherosclerotic renal artery stenosis.</a> Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation. 31 (9), 1437-1443 (2016).</li><li>Yerram, P., Karuparthi, P. R., Chaudhary, K. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Pathogenesis+and+management+of+renovascular+hypertension+and+ischemic+nephropathy.">Pathogenesis and management of renovascular hypertension and ischemic nephropathy.</a> Minerva Urologica e Nefrologica. 64 (1), 63-72 (2012).</li><li>Covic, A., Gusbeth-Tatomir, P. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+role+of+the+renin-angiotensin-aldosterone+system+in+renal+artery+stenosis,+renovascular+hypertension,+and+ischemic+nephropathy:+diagnostic+implications.">The role of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system in renal artery stenosis, renovascular hypertension, and ischemic nephropathy: diagnostic implications.</a> Progress in Cardiovascular Diseases. 52 (3), 204-208 (2009).</li><li>Barreras, A., Gurk-Turner, C. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Angiotensin+II+receptor+blockers.">Angiotensin II receptor blockers.</a> Proceedings. 16 (1), 123-126 (2003).</li><li>Sica, D. A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Angiotensin-converting+enzyme+inhibitors+side+effects--physiologic+and+non-physiologic+considerations.">Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors side effects--physiologic and non-physiologic considerations.</a> Journal of Clinical Hypertension. 6 (7), 410-416 (2004).</li><li>Hill, R. D., Vaidya, P. N. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Angiotensin+II+Receptor+Blockers+(ARB,+ARb).">Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers (ARB, ARb).</a> StatPearls. , (2019).</li><li>Durante, A., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Role+of+the+renin-angiotensin-aldosterone+system+in+the+pathogenesis+of+atherosclerosis.">Role of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis.</a> Current Pharmaceutical Design. 18 (7), 981-1004 (2012).</li><li>Chen, K., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Plasma+reactive+carbonyl+species:+Potential+risk+factor+for+hypertension.">Plasma reactive carbonyl species: Potential risk factor for hypertension.</a> Free Radical Research. 45 (5), 568-574 (2011).</li><li>Zhang, X., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Angiotensin+receptor+blockade+has+protective+effects+on+the+poststenotic+porcine+kidney.">Angiotensin receptor blockade has protective effects on the poststenotic porcine kidney.</a> Kidney International. 84 (4), 767-775 (2013).</li><li>Zou, X., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Renal+scattered+tubular-like+cells+confer+protective+effects+in+the+stenotic+murine+kidney+mediated+by+release+of+extracellular+vesicles.">Renal scattered tubular-like cells confer protective effects in the stenotic murine kidney mediated by release of extracellular vesicles.</a> Scientific Reports. 8 (1), 1263 (2018).</li><li>Kinra, M., Mudgal, J., Arora, D., Nampoothiri, M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=An+insight+into+the+role+of+cyclooxygenase+and+lipooxygenase+pathway+in+renal+ischemia.">An insight into the role of cyclooxygenase and lipooxygenase pathway in renal ischemia.</a> European Review for Medical and Pharmacological Sciences. 21 (21), 5017-5020 (2017).</li><li>Cavalcanti, C. O., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Inhibition+of+PDE5+Restores+Depressed+Baroreflex+Sensitivity+in+Renovascular+Hypertensive+Rats.">Inhibition of PDE5 Restores Depressed Baroreflex Sensitivity in Renovascular Hypertensive Rats.</a> Frontiers in Physiology. 7, 15 (2016).</li><li>Dias, A. T., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Sildenafil+ameliorates+oxidative+stress+and+DNA+damage+in+the+stenotic+kidneys+in+mice+with+renovascular+hypertension.">Sildenafil ameliorates oxidative stress and DNA damage in the stenotic kidneys in mice with renovascular hypertension.</a> Journal of Translational Medicine. 12, 35 (2014).</li><li>Lerman, L. O., Chade, A. R., Sica, V., Napoli, C. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Animal+models+of+hypertension:+an+overview.">Animal models of hypertension: an overview.</a> Journal of Laboratory and Clinical Medicine. 146 (3), 160-173 (2005).</li><li>Reckelhoff, J. F., Romero, D. G., Yanes Cardozo, L. L. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Sex,+Oxidative+Stress,+and+Hypertension:+Insights+From+Animal+Models.">Sex, Oxidative Stress, and Hypertension: Insights From Animal Models.</a> Physiology (Bethesda). 34 (3), 178-188 (2019).</li><li>Goldblatt, H., Lynch, J., Hanzal, R. F., Summerville, W. W. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Studies+on+Experimental+Hypertension+:+I.+The+Production+of+Persistent+Elevation+of+Systolic+Blood+Pressure+by+Means+of+Renal+Ischemia.">Studies on Experimental Hypertension : I. The Production of Persistent Elevation of Systolic Blood Pressure by Means of Renal Ischemia.</a> Journal of Experimental Medicine. 59 (3), 347-379 (1934).</li><li>Gollan, F., Richardson, E., Goldblatt, H. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Hypertension+in+the+systemic+blood+of+animals+with+experimental+renal+hypertension.">Hypertension in the systemic blood of animals with experimental renal hypertension.</a> Journal of Experimental Medicine. 88 (4), 389-400 (1948).</li><li>Lewis, H. A., Goldblatt, H. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Studies+on+Experimental+Hypertension:+XVIII.+Experimental+Observations+on+the+Humoral+Mechanism+of+Hypertension.">Studies on Experimental Hypertension: XVIII. Experimental Observations on the Humoral Mechanism of Hypertension.</a> Bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine. 18 (7), 459-487 (1942).</li><li>Warner, G. M., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Genetic+deficiency+of+Smad3+protects+the+kidneys+from+atrophy+and+interstitial+fibrosis+in+2K1C+hypertension.">Genetic deficiency of Smad3 protects the kidneys from atrophy and interstitial fibrosis in 2K1C hypertension.</a> American Journal of Physiology-Renal Physiology. 302 (11), 1455-1464 (2012).</li><li>Lorenz, J. N., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Renovascular+hypertension+using+a+modified+two-kidney,+one-clip+approach+in+mice+is+not+dependent+on+the+alpha1+or+alpha2+Na-K-ATPase+ouabain-binding+site.">Renovascular hypertension using a modified two-kidney, one-clip approach in mice is not dependent on the alpha1 or alpha2 Na-K-ATPase ouabain-binding site.</a> American Journal of Physiology-Renal Physiology. 301 (3), 615-621 (2011).</li><li>Ebina, K., Iwabuchi, T., Suzuki, S. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Histological+change+in+permanently+clipped+or+ligated+cerebral+arterial+wall.+Part+II:+Autopsy+cases+of+aneurysmal+neck+clipping.">Histological change in permanently clipped or ligated cerebral arterial wall. Part II: Autopsy cases of aneurysmal neck clipping.</a> Acta Neurochirurgica. 66 (1-2), 23-42 (1982).</li><li>Saleem, M., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Sox6:+A+new+modulator+of+renin+expression+during+physiological+conditions.">Sox6: A new modulator of renin expression during physiological conditions.</a> bioRxiv. , (2019).</li><li>Saleem, M., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Sox6+as+a+new+modulator+of+renin+expression+in+the+kidney.">Sox6 as a new modulator of renin expression in the kidney.</a> American Journal of Physiology-Renal Physiology. , (2019).</li><li>Chade, A. R., Williams, M. L., Engel, J., Guise, E., Harvey, T. W. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=A+translational+model+of+chronic+kidney+disease+in+swine.">A translational model of chronic kidney disease in swine.</a> American Journal of Physiology-Renal Physiology. 315 (2), 364-373 (2018).</li><li>Xue, Y., Xu, Z., Chen, H., Gan, W., Chong, T. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Low-energy+shock+wave+preconditioning+reduces+renal+ischemic+reperfusion+injury+caused+by+renal+artery+occlusion.">Low-energy shock wave preconditioning reduces renal ischemic reperfusion injury caused by renal artery occlusion.</a> Acta Cir&#250;rgica Brasileira. 32 (7), 550-558 (2017).</li><li>Lalanne, A., Beaudeux, J. L., Bernard, M. A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=NGAL:+a+biomarker+of+acute+and+chronic+renal+dysfunction.">NGAL: a biomarker of acute and chronic renal dysfunction.</a> Annales de Biologie Clinique. 69 (6), 629-636 (2011).</li><li>Bolignano, D., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Neutrophil+gelatinase-associated+lipocalin+(NGAL)+as+a+marker+of+kidney+damage.">Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) as a marker of kidney damage.</a> American Journal of Kidney Diseases. 52 (3), 595-605 (2008).</li><li>Kashyap, S., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Development+of+renal+atrophy+in+murine+2+kidney+1+clip+hypertension+is+strain+independent.">Development of renal atrophy in murine 2 kidney 1 clip hypertension is strain independent.</a> Research in Veterinary Science. 107, 171-177 (2016).</li><li>Anderson, W. P., Woods, R. L., Kline, R. L., Korner, P. I. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Acute+haemodynamic+responses+to+unilateral+renal+artery+stenosis+in+conscious+dogs.">Acute haemodynamic responses to unilateral renal artery stenosis in conscious dogs.</a> Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology and Physiology. 12 (3), 305-309 (1985).</li><li>Imanishi, M., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Critical+degree+of+renal+arterial+stenosis+that+causes+hypertension+in+dogs.">Critical degree of renal arterial stenosis that causes hypertension in dogs.</a> Angiology. 43 (10), 833-842 (1992).</li><li>Ziecina, R., Abramczyk, P., Lisiecka, A., Papierski, K., Przybylski, J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Adrenal-renal+portal+circulation+contributes+to+decrease+in+renal+blood+flow+after+renal+artery+stenosis+in+rats.">Adrenal-renal portal circulation contributes to decrease in renal blood flow after renal artery stenosis in rats.</a> Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology. 49 (4), 553-560 (1998).</li><li>Johnson, J. A., Ichikawa, S., Kurz, K. D., Fowler, W. L., Payne, C. G. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Pressor+responses+to+vasopressin+in+rabbits+with+3-day+renal+artery+stenosis.">Pressor responses to vasopressin in rabbits with 3-day renal artery stenosis.</a> American Journal of Physiology. 240 (6), 862-867 (1981).</li><li>Eirin, A., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Changes+in+glomerular+filtration+rate+after+renal+revascularization+correlate+with+microvascular+hemodynamics+and+inflammation+in+Swine+renal+artery+stenosis.">Changes in glomerular filtration rate after renal revascularization correlate with microvascular hemodynamics and inflammation in Swine renal artery stenosis.</a> Circulation: Cardiovascular Interventions. 5 (5), 720-728 (2012).</li><li>Ma, Z., Jin, X., He, L., Wang, Y. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=CXCL16+regulates+renal+injury+and+fibrosis+in+experimental+renal+artery+stenosis.">CXCL16 regulates renal injury and fibrosis in experimental renal artery stenosis.</a> American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory. 311 (3), 815-821 (2016).</li><li>Cheng, J., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Temporal+analysis+of+signaling+pathways+activated+in+a+murine+model+of+two-kidney,+one-clip+hypertension.">Temporal analysis of signaling pathways activated in a murine model of two-kidney, one-clip hypertension.</a> American Journal of Physiology-Renal Physiology. 297 (4), 1055-1068 (2009).</li><li>Wiesel, P., Mazzolai, L., Nussberger, J., Pedrazzini, T. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Two-kidney,+one+clip+and+one-kidney,+one+clip+hypertension+in+mice.">Two-kidney, one clip and one-kidney, one clip hypertension in mice.</a> Hypertension. 29 (4), 1025-1030 (1997).</li><li>Johns, C., Gavras, I., Handy, D. E., Salomao, A., Gavras, H. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Models+of+experimental+hypertension+in+mice.">Models of experimental hypertension in mice.</a> Hypertension. 28 (6), 1064-1069 (1996).</li></ol>

Nyrearteriestenose er en viktig årsak til sekundær eller resistent hypertensjon, og nyreskade 1,29. De to nyre ett klipp (2K1C) Goldblatt modellen har blitt brukt til å studere RAStenosis indusert renovaskulær hypertensjon 1,17,18,19. En rekke tidligere studier ved bruk av ulike dyremodeller har vist at stenose i nyrearterien er en ...

Nyrearteriestenose (RAStenosis) er et ugjennomtrengelig problem som påvirker ca 6% av personer over 65 og hos opptil 40% av personer med koronar eller perifer vaskulær sykdom 1,2. Nåværende behandlinger for sykdommen er begrenset; Derfor er det et kritisk behov for å utvikle nye terapier for å behandle renovaskulær hypertensjon eller resistent hypertensjon indusert av RAStenosis. Renin angiotensin aldosteron system (RAAS) er nøkkelveien involvert i patogenesen av RAStenosis indusert hypertensjon eller renovaskulær hypertensjon 3,4. Kjente terapier rettet mot RAAS, som ACE-hemmere eller angiotensinreseptorblokkere, lindrer hypertensjon, men trenger nøye undersøkelse for nyresvikt og hyperkalemi 5,6,7. Renin katalyserer det hastighetsbegrensende trinnet i RAAS; det omdanner angiotensinogen til angiotensin I. Ved aterosklerose forårsaker plakkdannelse innsnevring av nyrearterien som driver reninsekresjon, noe som resulterer i renovaskulær hypertensjon og nyreskade8. En rekke studier har rapportert økte nivåer av oksidativt stress under renovaskulær hypertensjon hos mennesker, som ble bekreftet med to nyre ett klipp (2K1C) mus modell samt andre hypertensive dyremodeller 2,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16 . Den molekylære mekanismen for reninekspresjonskontroll under RAStenosis indusert renovaskulær hypertensjon er ikke godt forstått og garanterer videre undersøkelse.
Eksperimentelle dyremodeller som pålitelig og reproduserbart rekapitulerer RAStenosis er viktige for å belyse de cellulære og molekylære mekanismene for reninuttrykkskontroll for utvikling av nye terapier. 2K1C-musemodellen er en veletablert eksperimentell modell for å studere patogenesen av renovaskulær hypertensjon17,18,19,20. Denne modellen genereres ved innsnevring av nyrearterien ved hjelp av et klipp 17,20,21, og produserer derfor okklusjon av nyrearterien som resulterer i en økning i reninuttrykk og hypertensjon 17,19,20,21. Imidlertid er det ingen tekniske rapporter tilgjengelig, som beskriver en trinnvis prosedyre for å generere nyrearteriestenose i dyremodeller.
Konvensjonelle U-formede sølvklemmer, polyuretanrør og andre klips har blitt brukt til å innsnevre nyrearterien for å indusere nyrearteriestenose. Noen studier har vist at klippets design og materiale er avgjørende for å oppnå pålitelige og reproduserbare data med dyremodellen 2K1C. Ifølge Lorenz et al., induserer bruken av konvensjonelle U-designede sølvklipp en lav suksessrate for hypertensjon (40-60%)21. På grunn av klipsdesignet presses nyrearterien lateralt, noe som utløser noen få innsnevringer og større sannsynlighet for å bli løsnet fra nyrearterien. Sølvformbarhet og duktilitet kan tillate endringer i klippbredder; derfor forårsaker forskjellige hypertensjonsnivåer blant mus. Sølvdioksider på klippet kan forårsake perivaskulær betennelse, intim proliferasjon og vevgranulering, og endrer nyrearteriediameteren22. På grunn av variasjonen i nivåene av hypertensjon oppnådd med den konvensjonelle U-design sølvklemmen, har Warner et al. og Lorenz et al. med hell brukt en rundere-design polyuretanrør for å initiere nyrearteriestenose hos mus, og genererer en mer pålitelig og konsistent induksjon av de to nyre ett klipp dyremodell20,21.
I denne rapporten beskriver vi en kirurgisk protokoll for å generere eksperimentell RAStenosis hos mus, ved hjelp av polyuretanslangen for å innsnevre nyrearterien. Polyuretan runddesignet mansjett er en mer reproduserbar, pålitelig og billig klips for å generere stenose i mus. Målet med denne eksperimentelle modellen er å studere og definere den molekylære og cellulære mekanismen for reninuttrykkskontroll under nyrearteriestenose. Vi bekreftet suksessen til RAStenosis mus modell ved å måle renin uttrykk og nyreskade markør nøytrofil gelatinase-assosiert lipokalin (N-GAL).

<table>
	<tbody>
		<tr>
			<td>Diet Gel</td>
			<td>Clear H2O</td>
			<td>Diet-Gel 76A</td>
			<td>Surgery recovery diet</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>EMC Heated Hard pad</td>
			<td>Hallowell</td>
			<td>000A2788B</td>
			<td>Heating pads were used to keep mice warm</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Ethilon Nylon Suture</td>
			<td>Ethicon</td>
			<td>662G</td>
			<td>4-0 (1.5 metric), This suture was used to close the peritoneum, and skin</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Ethilon Nylon Suture</td>
			<td>Ethicon</td>
			<td>2815 G</td>
			<td>8-0 (0.4 metric), This suture was used to close cuff to tie and constrict the artery</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Germinator 500</td>
			<td>Braintree Scientific Inc.</td>
			<td>GER 5287</td>
			<td>Sterilize surgical tools between surgeries</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Ketoprofen</td>
			<td>Zoetis</td>
			<td>Ketofen</td>
			<td>Painkiller</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Polyurethane</td>
			<td>Braintree Scientific Inc.</td>
			<td>MRE-025</td>
			<td>This tube was used to initiate stenosis</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Povidone-iodine antiseptic swabsticks</td>
			<td>Medline</td>
			<td>MDS093901</td>
			<td>It was applied after hair removal and surgery on the skin</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Reflex 7 Clip Applier</td>
			<td>Roboz Surgical Instrument Co</td>
			<td>204-1000</td>
			<td>This clip applier was used to apply clip in case one or more sutures went off</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Sterile towel drapes</td>
			<td>Dynarex</td>
			<td>4410</td>
			<td>It was used as a bedsheet for mice during surgery</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Triple antibiotic ointment</td>
			<td>Medi-First</td>
			<td>22312</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Water pump</td>
			<td>Stryker</td>
			<td>T/pump Professionals</td>
			<td>Used to warm and circulate water in the heating hard pad to keep mice warm during and post-surgery</td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

a modified two kidney one clip mouse model of renin regulation in renal artery stenosis

Nyrearteriestenose er en vanlig tilstand hos pasienter med koronar eller perifer vaskulær sykdom der reninangiotensinaldosteronsystemet (RAAS) er overaktivert. I denne sammenheng er det en innsnevring av nyrearteriene som stimulerer en økning i uttrykket og frigjøringen av renin, den hastighetsbegrensende proteasen i RAAS. Den resulterende økningen i reninuttrykk er en kjent driver for renovaskulær hypertensjon, ofte forbundet med nyreskade og endeorganskade. Dermed er det stor interesse for å utvikle nye behandlinger for denne tilstanden. Den molekylære og cellulære mekanismen for reninkontroll ved nyrearteriestenose er ikke fullt ut forstått og garanterer videre undersøkelse. For å indusere nyrearteriestenose hos mus ble det utviklet en modifisert 2 nyre 1 klipp (2K1C) Goldblatt musemodell. Den høyre nyren ble stenosert i villtype mus og humbugopererte mus ble brukt som kontroll. Etter nyrearteriestenose bestemte vi reninuttrykk og nyreskade. Nyrer ble høstet, og friske cortices ble brukt til å bestemme protein og mRNA-uttrykk av renin. Denne dyremodellen er reproduserbar og kan brukes til å studere patofysiologiske responser, molekylære og cellulære veier involvert i renovaskulær hypertensjon og nyreskade.

Innsnevring av nyrearterien øker reninuttrykket i den stenoserte nyren mens den undertrykker uttrykket i den kontralaterale nyren. De to nyre en klipp (2K1C) eller Goldblatt modell av stenose induserer økt renin uttrykk og nyreskade. Dette er anerkjent som den beste representative modellen for ensidig nyrearteriestenose hos mennesker.
Ekspresjon av renin og prorenin (forløper til renin) ble målt med immunoblotting. Dataene viser at renin og proreninuttrykk økte i den stenoserte nyren sam...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about A Modified Two Kidney One Clip Mouse Model of Renin Regulation in Renal Artery Stenosis at JoVE.com

A Modified Two Kidney One Clip Mouse Model of Renin Regulation in Renal Artery Stenosis

En modifisert 2 nyre 1 klipp (2K1C) Goldblatt musemodell ble utviklet ved hjelp av polyuretanrør for å initiere nyrearteriestenose, noe som induserte en økning i reninuttrykk og nyreskade. Her beskriver vi en detaljert prosedyre for å forberede og plassere mansjetten på nyrearterien for å generere en reproduserbar og konsistent 2K1C musemodell.

En modifisert to nyre en klipp mus modell av renin regulering i nyrearterie stenose

Renal artery stenosis is a common condition in patients with coronary or peripheral vascular disease where the renin angiotensin aldosterone system (RAAS) ...

Research

JoVE Journal

Medicine

Use of a Hanging-weight System for Isolated Renal Artery Occlusion

In hospitalized patients, over 50% of cases of acute kidney injury (AKI) are caused by renal ischemia 1-3. A recent study of hospitalized patients ...

Mouse Model of Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion

Stroke is the most common fatal neurological disease in the United States 1. The majority of strokes (88%) result from blockage of blood vessels in the ...

Modified Technique for Coronary Artery Ligation in Mice

Modifisert Teknikk for koronar hemorroider i Mus

Myocardial infarction (MI) is one of the most important causes of mortality in humans1-3. In order to improve morbidity and mortality in patients with MI ...

Assessment of Vascular Function in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease

Vurdering av vaskulær funksjon hos pasienter med kronisk nyresykdom

Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) have significantly increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) compared to the general population, and this ...

Renal Ischaemia Reperfusion Injury: A Mouse Model of Injury and Regeneration

Nedsatt Ischemi reperfusjonssykdommer: A Mouse Model of Injury and Regeneration

Renal ischaemia reperfusion injury (IRI) is a common cause of acute kidney injury (AKI) in patients and occlusion of renal blood flow is unavoidable ...

Murine Kidney Transplant Technique

Muse Kidney Transplant Technique

The first mouse kidney transplant technique was published in 19731 by the Russell laboratory. Although it took some years for other labs to become ...

Mouse Model for Pancreas Transplantation Using a Modified Cuff Technique

Musemodell for bukspyttkjertelen transplantasjon bruker en modifisert mansjett teknikk

Mouse models have several advantages in transplantation research, including easy handling, a variety of genetically well-defined strains, and the ...

Assessment of Kidney Function in Mouse Models of Glomerular Disease

Vurdering av nyrefunksjon i musen modeller av Glomerular sykdom

The use of murine models to mimic human kidney disease is becoming increasingly common. Our research is focused on the assessment of glomerular function ...

Isometric Contractility Measurement of the Mouse Mesenteric Artery Using Wire Myography

Isometrisk Contractility måling av musen hvem arterien bruker Wire Myography

The wire myograph technique is used to assess the contractility of vascular smooth muscles in response to depolarization, GPCR agonists/inhibitors and ...

An Efficient Sieving Method to Isolate Intact Glomeruli from Adult Rat Kidney

Effektiv Sieving metode å isolere intakt Glomeruli fra voksen rotte nyre

Preservation of glomerular structure and function is pivotal in the prevention of glomerulonephritis, a category of kidney disease characterized by ...