Name: imaging and analysis of oil red o-stained whole aorta lesions in an aneurysm hyperlipidemia mouse model
Uploaded: 2022-05-02T14:00:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Imaging and Analysis of Oil Red O-Stained Whole Aorta Lesions in an Aneurysm Hyperlipidemia Mouse Model at JoVE.com

这项工作部分得到了联合生物学联盟微量资助的支持，该资助由NIH拨款P30AR070253（P.-Y.C.）和HL135582（M.S.）提供。我们感谢R. Webber和L. Coon维持本研究中使用的小鼠。

mT / mG（库存号007676）和Apoe-/-（库存号002052）小鼠从杰克逊实验室购买。Myh11-CreERT2小鼠是Stefan Offermanns的礼物（可从杰克逊实验室获得，库存号为019079）。Tgfbr2fl / fl小鼠是从Harold L. Moses（范德比尔特大学）获得的。所有动物程序均使用耶鲁大学机构动物护理和使用委员会批准的协议进行。
1. 老鼠
<ol><li>生产 MYH11-CreERT2;...

<ol>
	<li>Lusis, A. J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Atherosclerosis.">Atherosclerosis.</a> Nature. 407, 233-241 (2000).</li><li>Emini Veseli, B., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Animal+models+of+atherosclerosis.">Animal models of atherosclerosis.</a> European Journal of Pharmacology. 816, 3-13 (2017).</li><li>Plump, A. S., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Severe+hypercholesterolemia+and+atherosclerosis+in+apolipoprotein+E-deficient+mice+created+by+homologous+recombination+in+ES+cells.">Severe hypercholesterolemia and atherosclerosis in apolipoprotein E-deficient mice created by homologous recombination in ES cells.</a> Cell. 71, 343-353 (1992).</li><li>Zhang, S. H., Reddick, R. L., Piedrahita, J. A., Maeda, N. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Spontaneous+hypercholesterolemia+and+arterial+lesions+in+mice+lacking+apolipoprotein+E.">Spontaneous hypercholesterolemia and arterial lesions in mice lacking apolipoprotein E.</a> Science. 258, 468-471 (1992).</li><li>Ishibashi, S., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Hypercholesterolemia+in+low+density+lipoprotein+receptor+knockout+mice+and+its+reversal+by+adenovirus-mediated+gene+delivery.">Hypercholesterolemia in low density lipoprotein receptor knockout mice and its reversal by adenovirus-mediated gene delivery.</a> Journal of Clinical Investigation. 92, 883-893 (1993).</li><li>Nakashima, Y., Plump, A. S., Raines, E. W., Breslow, J. L., Ross, R. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=ApoE-deficient+mice+develop+lesions+of+all+phases+of+atherosclerosis+throughout+the+arterial+tree.">ApoE-deficient mice develop lesions of all phases of atherosclerosis throughout the arterial tree.</a> Arteriosclerosis Thrombosis. 14, 133-140 (1994).</li><li>Chen, P. Y., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Smooth+muscle+cell+reprogramming+in+aortic+aneurysms.">Smooth muscle cell reprogramming in aortic aneurysms.</a> Cell Stem Cell. 26, 542-557 (2020).</li><li>Andres-Manzano, M. J., Andres, V., Dorado, B. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Oil+Red+O+and+Hematoxylin+and+Eosin+Staining+for+Quantification+of+Atherosclerosis+Burden+in+Mouse+Aorta+and+Aortic+Root.">Oil Red O and Hematoxylin and Eosin Staining for Quantification of Atherosclerosis Burden in Mouse Aorta and Aortic Root.</a> Methods in Molecular Biology. 1339, 85-99 (2015).</li><li>Chen, P. Y., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Endothelial+TGF-beta+signalling+drives+vascular+inflammation+and+atherosclerosis.">Endothelial TGF-beta signalling drives vascular inflammation and atherosclerosis.</a> Nature Metabolism. 1, 912-926 (2019).</li><li>Mehlem, A., Hagberg, C. E., Muhl, L., Eriksson, U., Falkevall, A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Imaging+of+neutral+lipids+by+oil+red+O+for+analyzing+the+metabolic+status+in+health+and+disease.">Imaging of neutral lipids by oil red O for analyzing the metabolic status in health and disease.</a> Nature Protocols. 8, 1149-1154 (2013).</li><li>Ferruzzi, J., Madziva, D., Caulk, A. W., Tellides, G., Humphrey, J. D. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Compromised+mechanical+homeostasis+in+arterial+aging+and+associated+cardiovascular+consequences.">Compromised mechanical homeostasis in arterial aging and associated cardiovascular consequences.</a> Biomechanics and Modeling Mechanobiology. 17, 1281-1295 (2018).</li></ol>

载脂蛋白E（Apoe）和低密度脂蛋白受体（Ldlr）缺乏小鼠可用于研究动脉粥样硬化的发展和治疗。研究人员可以使用整个主动脉的油红O染色来评估遗传学和治疗操作对动脉粥样硬化相关疾病的发生，进展和消退的影响9。主动脉油红O染色和病变定量是动脉粥样硬化研究的金标准终点。这种技术价格低廉，不需要特殊设备10。然而，获得高质量的油红O?...

冠状动脉疾病是美国死亡的主要原因，通常由动脉粥样硬化引起，这一过程导致斑块在动脉壁内积聚1。易患高脂血症的Apoe和Ldlr缺陷小鼠是动脉粥样硬化及其并发症和治疗开发的核心2，3，4，5。来自面部主动脉的动脉粥样硬化病变的定量是评估遗传操作对不同细胞类型的影响的重要终点分析。它还有助于研究旨在影响动脉粥样硬化性疾病发生，进展和消退的新疗法。动脉粥样硬化病变可在主动脉及其分支（即胸部的臂头动脉、颈动脉和锁骨下动脉，以及髂膜下方的肾脏、髂总动脉和股动脉）6的任何地方形成。对动脉粥样硬化负担的全面评估和适当的治疗需要评估不同地点的疾病负担，这是一个经常被忽视的挑战。
该协议描述了如何在单个小鼠中对动脉粥样硬化病变进行全面分析，从未打开的整个主动脉开始，然后进行面部准备。未开封的全主动脉油红O染色允许快速，定性地评估整个主动脉及其分支中富含脂质的斑块，而en面部制剂则提供小鼠主动脉中动脉粥样硬化病变分布的定量评估。
该技术使用8周龄的小鼠，在Apoe-/-高脂血症背景（MYH11-CreERT2;Tgfbr2f/f;mT/mGf/f;Apoe-/-;以下简称TGFβR2iSMC-Apoe小鼠）和凋落物Apoe-/-对照（MYH11-CreERT2;mT/mGf/f;Apoe-/-;以下简称为Apoe-/-小鼠）。这些动物以高胆固醇高脂肪饮食（HCHFD）作为研究材料饲养16周7。在研究终止时，对未打开的整个主动脉进行染色并用油红O成像（包括所有主要分支），以定性评估富含脂质的斑块。主动脉通过面部准备切开，所有动脉粥样硬化病变成像和定量。该协议可用于研究Apoe-/-或Ldlr-/-高脂血症小鼠模型中的动脉粥样硬化病变发展，并扩展到一般主动脉相关的血管生物学应用。

<table>
	<tbody>
		<tr>
			<td>1.5 mL Eppendorf tube</td>
			<td>DENVILLE</td>
			<td>C2170</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>10 mL syringe</td>
			<td>BD</td>
			<td>302995</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>16% Formaldehyde</td>
			<td>Polysciences</td>
			<td>18814-10</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>70% ethanol</td>
			<td>VWR</td>
			<td>RC2546.70-5</td>
			<td>To clean the dissection tools</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Black dissection wax</td>
			<td>CR Scientific</td>
			<td>C3541</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Corn oil</td>
			<td>Sigma</td>
			<td>C8267</td>
			<td>Solvent for Tamoxifen</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>DNeasy Blood &#38; Tissue kit</td>
			<td>QIAGEN</td>
			<td>69506</td>
			<td>To isolate DNA from mouse ear</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Dulbecco&#8217;s Phosphate-buffered saline (1X DPBS), pH 7.4</td>
			<td>Gibco</td>
			<td>14190-144</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Fine scissors</td>
			<td>Fine Science Tools</td>
			<td>14059-11</td>
			<td>To cut the mouse skin and open the ribcage</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Fisherbrand Economy Plain Glass Microscope Slides</td>
			<td>Fisher Scientific</td>
			<td>12-550-A3</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>High cholesterol high fat diet</td>
			<td>Research Diets</td>
			<td>D12108</td>
			<td>To induce atherosclerosis</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Imaging software</td>
			<td>National Institutes of Health</td>
			<td>Image J</td>
			<td>Aortic lesion quantification</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Isopropanol</td>
			<td>VWR</td>
			<td>JT9079-5</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Kimwipes</td>
			<td>Fisher Scientific</td>
			<td>06-666A</td>
			<td>To clean the glass microscope slides</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>McPherson-Vannas Micro Dissecting Spring Scissors</td>
			<td>ROBOZ</td>
			<td>RS-5602</td>
			<td>To separate the heart and the aorta and to cut open the aorta and aorta branches</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Microscope control software</td>
			<td>Olympus</td>
			<td>DP Controller</td>
			<td>For aorta imaging</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Minutien pins</td>
			<td>Fine Science Tools</td>
			<td>26002-10</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Needle-25G</td>
			<td>BD</td>
			<td>305124</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>NonWoven Sponge</td>
			<td>McKesson</td>
			<td>94442000</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Oil Red O</td>
			<td>Sigma</td>
			<td>O-0625</td>
			<td>To stain the atherosclerosis lesions</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Pall Acrodisc Sterile Syringe Filters with Super Membrane</td>
			<td>VWR</td>
			<td>28143-312</td>
			<td>To filter working Oil Red O solution</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Spring Scissors</td>
			<td>Fine Science Tools</td>
			<td>15021-15</td>
			<td>To dissect and clean the aorta</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Statistical software</td>
			<td>GraphPad</td>
			<td>Prism 8</td>
			<td>Statical analysis</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Stereomicroscope</td>
			<td>Nikon</td>
			<td>SMZ1000</td>
			<td>For aorta dissection</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Stereomicroscope</td>
			<td>Olympus</td>
			<td>SZX16</td>
			<td>For aorta imaging</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Tamoxifen</td>
			<td>Sigma</td>
			<td>T5648</td>
			<td>To induce Cre-loxP recombination</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Tissue-Tek O.C.T Compound, Sakura Finetek</td>
			<td>VWR</td>
			<td>25608-930</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Tweezer Style 4</td>
			<td>Electron Microscopy Sciences</td>
			<td>0302-4-PO</td>
			<td>To cut the mouse skin and open the ribcage</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Tweezer Style 5</td>
			<td>Electron Microscopy Sciences</td>
			<td>0302-5-PO</td>
			<td>To dissect and clean the aorta</td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

imaging and analysis of oil red o-stained whole aorta lesions in an aneurysm hyperlipidemia mouse model

载脂蛋白E（Apoe）或低密度脂蛋白受体（Ldlr）缺陷高脂小鼠是动脉粥样硬化研究最常用的两种模型。它们用于研究各种遗传因素和不同细胞类型对动脉粥样硬化病变形成的影响，以及测试新疗法的开发。分离、切除整个主动脉和定量油红 O 染色动脉粥样硬化病变是用于评估动脉粥样硬化负荷的基本形态测量方法。该协议的目标是描述一种优化的，循序渐进的手术方法，用于用油红O解剖，灌注固定，分离，染色，成像和分析小鼠主动脉中的动脉粥样硬化病变。由于动脉粥样硬化病变可以在整个主动脉树的任何地方形成，因此这种整个主动脉油红O染色方法具有评估单个小鼠中整个主动脉和所有分支中富含脂质的斑块的优点。除了油红O染色外，新鲜分离的全主动脉还可用于各种体外和体内实验以及细胞分离。

在该协议中，在HCHF饮食4个月后分析TGFβR2iSMC-Apoe小鼠的动脉粥样硬化病变7。除了广泛的动脉粥样硬化外，这些小鼠还发展了胸部和腹部主动脉瘤，如前所述。与Apoe-/-小鼠相比，TGFβR2iSMC-Apoe小鼠主动脉壁显示严重的动脉粥样硬化，使其难以解剖病变（图2C，D，E）。此外，动脉瘤在肾上主动脉下方特别广泛，高度联想到?...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Imaging and Analysis of Oil Red O-Stained Whole Aorta Lesions in an Aneurysm Hyperlipidemia Mouse Model at JoVE.com

Imaging and Analysis of Oil Red O-Stained Whole Aorta Lesions in an Aneurysm Hyperlipidemia Mouse Model

该协议提供了 分析小鼠动脉粥样硬化负担的分步程序。研究人员可以使用该协议来比较不同动物中动脉粥样硬化病变的丰度，位置和大小。

动脉瘤高脂血症小鼠模型中油红O染色全主动脉病变的成像和分析

Apolipoprotein E (Apoe)- or low density lipoprotein receptor (Ldlr)-deficient hyperlipidemic mice are the two most commonly used models for ...

apoE和其他类型的高脂血症小鼠中动脉粥样硬化病变的定量是评估各种遗传因素和新疗法的关键。我们的方案为在单个小鼠中以定性和定量方式分析动脉粥样硬化负担提供了分步说明。诱导动脉粥样硬化16周后，在给心脏灌注之前，将10毫升注射器装入10毫升DPBS并连接25号针头。用镊子抬起实验小鼠的腹部皮肤，用细剪刀将皮肤从腹部底部切到颈部顶部。打开胸腔下方的腹壁，用镊子抬起胸骨进入隔膜。切开隔膜并切除胸腔以暴露胸腔。接下来，在心脏右心房做一个小切口，并将整个体积的DPBS缓慢注射到左心室顶端穿刺中。肝脏和肾脏会变成浅棕色。当所有的生理盐水都已灌注后，使用无纺布海绵清洁胸腔中任何多余的血液和液体。胸腔擦拭后，取出非实验器官，用镊子和细剪刀切开锁骨。将鼠标置于体视显微镜下，使用镊子和弹簧剪刀解剖主动脉。当主动脉被分离时，用盐水浸泡的无纺布海绵覆盖组织，并解剖主动脉分支，包括臂头动脉、颈动脉、锁骨下动脉、肾脏动脉、髂总动脉和股动脉。当从主动脉分支的所有动脉都被分离出来时，使用镊子和弹簧剪刀仔细解剖和去除主动脉分支周围的外来脂肪和结缔组织。主动脉和主动脉分支的成功隔离需要练习和耐心。要固定血管树，首先将含有4%甲醛的10毫升注射器装入1X DPBS中，并连接25号针头。请记住始终在通风橱内准备4%的甲醛。将针头插入左心室顶端穿刺，并缓慢注射整个体积的固定剂。如图所示，用无纺布海绵清洁胸腔中任何多余的液体，并使用镊子和微解剖弹簧剪刀将心脏与主动脉分开。当组织分离后，分离并切除主动脉及其主要血管，从颈动脉上方一毫米到股动脉末端，并将血管置于DPBS容器中。对于未开封的整个主动脉的油红色O染色，使用Minutien别针将容器固定在蜡培养皿上，然后用新鲜的DPBS冲洗容器。将25毫升新鲜0.45微米孔隙过滤的油红O溶液倒入培养皿中，在室温下染色60分钟。用60%异丙醇浸没组织，在室温下洗涤20分钟。在孵育结束时，每次洗涤用新鲜蒸馏水冲洗容器三次五分钟，并将培养皿置于解剖显微镜下。使用镊子和弹簧剪刀轻轻清洁主动脉周围的所有血管周围脂肪组织，以避免任何假背景油红O染色，并将血管转移到干净的玻璃显微镜载玻片上。油红O会将富含脂质的斑块标记为红色，使含有非斑块的区域颜色苍白。然后使用配备相机的光学显微镜获取数字高分辨率显微照片，并最好以标记的图像文件格式保存图像。对于主动脉组织样本的表面安装，将血管转移到蜡培养皿中，并用新鲜的DPBS覆盖组织。分叉后切断主动脉弓的颈动脉和锁骨下动脉以及腹主动脉中的髂动脉。切断肾动脉。接下来，使用微解剖弹簧剪刀沿着内曲率和髂动脉纵向打开主动脉准备，并沿着较大的曲率切割主动脉弓的三个分支，直到内曲率的基本水平。然后使用Minutien销将主动脉平放在培养皿上，而不会伸展，使管腔侧朝上，并用新鲜的DPBS覆盖组织。与载脂蛋白E敲除小鼠相比，平滑肌细胞TGF-β-R2敲除载脂蛋白E小鼠的主动脉壁表现出严重的动脉粥样硬化，使得难以解剖病变。此外，动脉瘤在肾上主动脉下方特别广泛，高度联想到晚期人主动脉瘤。在这里，显示了来自高胆固醇高脂肪饮食喂养的TGF-β-R2敲除载脂蛋白E小鼠的未开封主动脉的代表性图像，该小鼠被油红O染色。小鼠发展为上升和腹主动脉瘤，在臂头动脉，颈动脉，锁骨下动脉，髂动脉，股骨和肾动脉中观察到动脉粥样硬化病变形成加速。与载脂蛋白E敲除小鼠组相比，TGF-β-R2敲除载脂蛋白E小鼠组织的油红O染色显示严重的动脉瘤肿大和整个主动脉的显着伸长。重要的是能够区分油红O染色斑块与假背景油红O染色的血管周围脂肪组织。动脉粥样硬化斑块是三维现象。在面部主动脉2D病变定量后，我们建议进行斑块集分析，例如主动脉根部和臂头动脉。该协议还可用于确定特定遗传因素，干预或治疗是否影响这些模型中的动脉粥样硬化进展或消退。

Research

JoVE Journal

Medicine

Monitoring Tumor Metastases and Osteolytic Lesions with Bioluminescence and Micro CT Imaging

生物发光和微型CT成像监测肿瘤转移和溶骨性病变

Following intracardiac delivery of MDA-MB-231-luc-D3H2LN cells to Nu/Nu mice, systemic metastases developed in the injected animals. Bioluminescence ...

科研

医学

Multi-photon Imaging of Tumor Cell Invasion in an Orthotopic Mouse Model of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma

多光子成像在口腔鳞状细胞癌原位小鼠模型的肿瘤细胞的侵袭

Loco-regional invasion of head and neck cancer is linked to metastatic risk and presents a difficult challenge in designing and implementing patient ...

Quantitative Analysis and Characterization of Atherosclerotic Lesions in the Murine Aortic Sinus

Atherosclerosis is a disease of the large arteries and a major underlying cause of myocardial infarction and stroke. Several different mouse models have ...

The Helsinki Rat Microsurgical Sidewall Aneurysm Model

赫尔辛基鼠显微旁瘤模型

Experimental saccular aneurysm models are necessary for testing novel surgical and endovascular treatment options and devices before they are introduced ...

An Orthotopic Glioblastoma Mouse Model Maintaining Brain Parenchymal Physical Constraints and Suitable for Intravital Two-photon Microscopy

原位胶质母细胞瘤小鼠模型的维护脑实质的物理约束，并适用于活体双光子显微镜

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most aggressive form of brain tumors with no curative treatments available to date.
Murine models of this pathology ...

Glaucoma-inducing Procedure in an In Vivo Rat Model and Whole-mount Retina Preparation

Glaucoma-inducing Procedure in an In Vivo Rat Model and Whole-mount Retina Preparation

青光眼诱导在程序<em&gt;在体内</em&gt;大鼠模型和全安装视网膜准备

Glaucoma is a disease of the central nervous system affecting retinal ganglion cells (RGCs). RGC axons making up the optic nerve carry visual input to the ...

Whole-brain Segmentation and Change-point Analysis of Anatomical Brain MRI&#8212;Application in Premanifest Huntington's Disease

Whole-brain Segmentation and Change-point Analysis of Anatomical Brain MRIÃƒÆ’Ã‚Â¢ÃƒÂ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚Â¬ÃƒÂ¢Ã¢â€šÂ¬Ã‚ÂApplication in Premanifest Huntington's Disease

解剖性脑 MRI 的全脑分割及变化点分析--Premanifest 亨廷顿病的应用

Recent advances in MRI offer a variety of useful markers to identify neurodegenerative diseases. In Huntington&#39;s disease (HD), regional brain atrophy ...

Quantitative Micro-CT Analysis of Aortopathy in a Mouse Model of &#946;-aminopropionitrile-induced Aortic Aneurysm and Dissection

Quantitative Micro-CT Analysis of Aortopathy in a Mouse Model of ÃƒÆ’Ã…Â½Ãƒâ€šÃ‚Â²-aminopropionitrile-induced Aortic Aneurysm and Dissection

β-aminopropionitrile 诱发主动脉瘤和解剖小鼠模型 Aortopathy 的定量显微 CT 分析

Aortic aneurysm and dissection is associated with significant morbidity and mortality in the population and can be highly lethal. While animal models of ...

Isometric Contractility Measurement of the Mouse Mesenteric Artery Using Wire Myography

用线 Myography 测定小鼠肠系膜动脉的等轴收缩力

The wire myograph technique is used to assess the contractility of vascular smooth muscles in response to depolarization, GPCR agonists/inhibitors and ...

Ultrasound Imaging of the Thoracic and Abdominal Aorta in Mice to Determine Aneurysm Dimensions

小鼠胸腹主动脉超声检查确定动脉瘤大小

Contemporary high-resolution ultrasound instruments have sufficient resolution to facilitate the measurement of mouse aortas. These instruments have been ...