Name: guided differentiation of mature kidney podocytes from human induced pluripotent stem cells under chemically defined conditions
Uploaded: 2020-07-02T13:00:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Guided Differentiation of Mature Kidney Podocytes from Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells Under Chemically Defined Conditions at JoVE.com

Dette arbejde blev støttet af Pratt School of Engineering på Duke University, Division of Nephrology på Duke Medical School, A Chair's Research Award fra Institut for Medicin på Duke University, og en Burroughs Wellcome Fund PDEP Career Transition Ad Hoc Award til S.M.. M.B blev støttet af National Science Foundation's Graduate Research Fellowship Program. Vi takker Bursac Lab for generøst at give os DU11 stamcelle linje, og Varghese Lab på Duke University for midlertidigt at dele deres væv kultur facilitet med vores gruppe. Denne publikation er dedikeret til Prof. Laura L. Kiessling, Novartis professor i kemi ved Massachusetts Institute of Technology, i anledning af hendes 60års fødselsdag.

1. Tilberedning af reagenser
<ol><li>Fortynd optøet 5x hiPS celle kultur medier (CCM) supplement i hiPS celle kultur basal medium for at opnå en 1x opløsning af hiPS CCM. BEMÆRK: Frosset 5x hiPS CCM-tillæg kræver en langsom optøningsproces, ideelt i 4 °C for natten over. Aliquots af 1x hiPS CCM kan opbevares i op til 6 måneder ved -20 °C.</li>
	<li>Forberedelse af kældermembran (BM) matrix 1-coatede plader til hiPS cellekultur: Optø BM matrix 1 natten over på is ved 4 °C. Når optøet, forberede aliquo...

<ol>
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K., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=WT1+is+a+key+regulator+of+podocyte+function:+reduced+expression+levels+cause+crescentic+glomerulonephritis+and+mesangial+sclerosis.">WT1 is a key regulator of podocyte function: reduced expression levels cause crescentic glomerulonephritis and mesangial sclerosis.</a> Human Molecular Genetics. 11, 651-659 (2002).</li><li>Roselli, S., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Podocin+localizes+in+the+kidney+to+the+slit+diaphragm+area.">Podocin localizes in the kidney to the slit diaphragm area.</a> American Journal of Pathology. 160, 131-139 (2002).</li><li>Shadrin, I. Y., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Cardiopatch+platform+enables+maturation+and+scale-up+of+human+pluripotent+stem+cell-derived+engineered+heart+tissues.">Cardiopatch platform enables maturation and scale-up of human pluripotent stem cell-derived engineered heart tissues.</a> Nature Communications. 8, 1825 (2017).</li><li>Satoh, D., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=aPKC&#955;+maintains+the+integrity+of+the+glomerular+slit+diaphragm+through+trafficking+of+nephrin+to+the+cell+surface.">aPKC&#955; maintains the integrity of the glomerular slit diaphragm through trafficking of nephrin to the cell surface.</a> The Journal of Biochemistry. 156, 115-128 (2014).</li><li>Mae, S. I., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Monitoring+and+robust+induction+of+nephrogenic+intermediate+mesoderm+from+human+pluripotent+stem+cells.">Monitoring and robust induction of nephrogenic intermediate mesoderm from human pluripotent stem cells.</a> Nature Communications. 4, 1367 (2013).</li><li>Reya, T., Clevers, H. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Wnt+signalling+in+stem+cells+and+cancer.">Wnt signalling in stem cells and cancer.</a> Nature. 434, 843-850 (2005).</li><li>Clevers, H., Nusse, R. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Wnt&#946;-Catenin+Signaling+and+Disease.">Wnt&#946;-Catenin Signaling and Disease.</a> Cell. 149, 1192-1205 (2012).</li><li>Ciampi, O., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Generation+of+functional+podocytes+from+human+induced+pluripotent+stem+cells.">Generation of functional podocytes from human induced pluripotent stem cells.</a> Stem Cell Research. 17, 130-139 (2016).</li><li>Fuente Mora, C., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Differentiation+of+Podocyte+and+Proximal+Tubule-Like+Cells+from+a+Mouse+Kidney-Derived+Stem+Cell+Line.">Differentiation of Podocyte and Proximal Tubule-Like Cells from a Mouse Kidney-Derived Stem Cell Line.</a> Stem Cells and Development. 21, 296-307 (2011).</li><li>Chuah, J. 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I denne rapport beskriver vi en protokol for generering af nyre glomerulære podocytter fra hiPS-celler. HiPS-celleafledte podocytter udviser morfologiske og molekylære træk forbundet med den modne nyre podocyt fænotype13. I tidligere publikationer viste vi, at hiPS-celle-afledte podocytter kan efterligne strukturen og selektiv filtrering funktion af nyrerne glomerulus når co-kulturret med glomerulære mikrovaskulære endotelceller i en perfusable mikrofluidiske organ-on-a-chip enhed<sup class...

Fremskridt inden for human pluripotente stamcellekultur er klar til at revolutionere regenerativ medicin, sygdom modellering, og lægemiddelscreening ved at give forskerne en vedvarende, skalerbar kilde til biologisk materiale, der kan manipuleres til at opnå næsten enhver celletype i den menneskelige krop1. Denne strategi er især nyttig til at udlede specialiserede og funktionelle celletyper, der ellers ville være vanskelige at opnå. Human induceret pluripotente stamceller (hiPS) celler2,3,4,5 er særligt attraktive på grund af deres somatiske celle oprindelse og det potentiale, de repræsenterer for personlig medicin. Udviklingsmetoder til at udlede andre celleledere fra hiPS-celler er dog fortsat udfordrende på grund af den hyppige brug af dårligt definerede kulturforhold , hvilket fører til lav effektivitet og ikke-specifik generering af heterogene cellepopulationer6,7.
Præsenteret her er en metode til afledning af modne nyre podocytter fra hiPS-celler med specificitet og høj effektivitet under kemisk definerede forhold. Ved at overveje rollerne af flere faktorer inden for det cellulære mikromiljø blev der udviklet en stamcelledifferentieringsstrategi, der involverede optimering af opløselige faktorer, der præsenteres i cellekulturmediet samt uopløselige faktorer, såsom ekstracellulære matrixkomponenter eller klæbende substrater. I betragtning af betydningen af integrin signalering i podocyt udvikling og funktion, udtrykket af integrin receptorer på celleoverfladen blev oprindeligt undersøgt. β1 integrins blev stærkt udtrykt ikke kun i hiPS-celler, men også i deres derivater, herunder mesoderm og mellemliggende mesoderm celler8,9,10. Efterfølgende forsøg bekræftede, at ligander, der binder sig til β1 integrins (herunder laminin 511 eller laminin 511-E8 fragment) understøtter vedhæftning og differentiering af hiPS-celler i podocytter, når de anvendes sammen med de opløselige induktive medier, der er beskrevet nedenfor.
Induktion af celle afstamning engagement blev indledt ved først at bekræfte, at hiPS celler dyrkes på laminin-coatede overflader i to dage i overværelse af et medium, der indeholder Activin A, CHIR99021, og Y27632 Rock hæmmer kan differentiere sig til celler, der udtrykker de tidlige mesoderm markører HAND1, gåsehud, og brachyury8,11. Behandling af mesodermcellerne i 14 dage med et medium suppleret med knoglemorfogenetisk protein 7 (BMP-7) og CHIR99021 muliggjorde afledning af mellemliggende mesodermceller, der udtrykte nephron-progenitorcellemarkørerne Wilms tumor 1 (WT1), ulige sprunget relateret protein 1 (OSR1)8,11og parret kassegen 2 protein (PAX2)12. For at udlede de modne nyre glomerulære podocytter blev de mellemliggende mesodermceller behandlet i 4-5 dage med et nyt medium bestående af BMP-7, Activin A, vaskulær endotelvækstfaktor (VEGF), transretinosyre og CHIR99021. Flowcytometri og immunostaining blev brugt til at bekræfte, at >90 % af de resulterende celler udviste molekylære, morfologiske og funktionelle egenskaber ved den modne nyrekapocyt8,11,13. Disse egenskaber omfatter udvikling af primære og sekundære fodprocesser; udtrykket af podocyte afstamning-specifikke gener, herunder SYNPO, PODXL, MAF, EFNB28 og udtryk for proteiner, herunder podocin, nephrin, og WT114,15,16. Derudover blev det konstateret, at hiPS celle-afledt podocytter kan opretholdes i kulturen i op til fire uger in vitro ved hjælp af en kommercielt tilgængelige medium8,11, som giver en ekstra fleksibilitet i timingen af downstream eksperimenter. For mere information om flowcytometripaneler, der bruges til at bestemme renheden af hiPS-podocytterne, henvises til vores tidligere publikation11.

<table>
	<tbody>
		<tr>
			<td>Cells</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>DU11 human iPS cells</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
			<td>The DU11(Duke University clone #11) iPS cell line was generated at the Duke University iPSC Core Facility and provided to us by the Bursac Lab at Duke University. This line has been tested for mycoplasma and was last karyotyped in July 2019 by our lab, and found to be karyotypically normal.</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Growth Factors and Media Supplements</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>All-trans retinoic acid (500 mg)</td>
			<td>72262</td>
			<td>Stem Cell Technologies</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>B27 serum-free supplement</td>
			<td>17504044</td>
			<td>Thermo/Life Technologies</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>CHIR99021</td>
			<td>04-0004</td>
			<td>Stemgent</td>
			<td>May show lot-to-lot variation</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Complete Medium Kit with CultureBoost-R</td>
			<td>4Z0-500-R</td>
			<td>Cell Systems</td>
			<td>Podocyte maintenance media</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>DMEM/F12</td>
			<td>12634028</td>
			<td>Thermo/Life Technologies</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>DMEM/F12 with GlutaMAX supplement</td>
			<td>10565042</td>
			<td>Thermo/Life Technologies</td>
			<td>DMEM/F12 with glutamine supplement</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Heat-inactivated FBS</td>
			<td>10082147</td>
			<td>Thermo/Life Technologies</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Human activin A</td>
			<td>PHC9564</td>
			<td>Thermo/Life Technologies</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Human BMP7</td>
			<td>PHC9544</td>
			<td>Thermo/Life Technologies</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Human VEGF</td>
			<td>PHC9394</td>
			<td>Thermo/Life Technologies</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>mTeSR1 medium</td>
			<td>05850</td>
			<td>Stem Cell Technologies</td>
			<td>hiPS cell culture media (CCM)</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Penicillin&#8211;streptomycin, liquid (100&#215;)</td>
			<td>15140-163</td>
			<td>Thermo/Life Technologies</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Y27632 ROCK inhibitor</td>
			<td>1254</td>
			<td>Tocris</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Antibodies</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Alexa Fluor 488&#8211; and Alexa Fluor 594&#8211;conjugated secondary antibodies</td>
			<td>A32744; A32754; A-11076; A32790</td>
			<td>Thermo/Life Technologies</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Brachyury(T&#65289;</td>
			<td>ab20680</td>
			<td>Abcam</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Nephrin</td>
			<td>GP-N2</td>
			<td>Progen</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>OCT4</td>
			<td>AF1759</td>
			<td>R&#38;D Systems</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>PAX2</td>
			<td>71-6000</td>
			<td>Invitrogen</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>WT1</td>
			<td>MAB4234</td>
			<td>Millipore</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>ECM Molecules</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>iMatrix-511 Laminin-E8 (LM-E8) fragment</td>
			<td>N-892012</td>
			<td>Iwai North America</td>
			<td>Basement membrane (BM) matrix 2</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Matrigel hESC-qualified matrix, 5-mL vial</td>
			<td>354277</td>
			<td>BD Biosciences</td>
			<td>Basement membrane (BM) matrix 1. May show lot-to-lot variation</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Enzymes and Other Reagents</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Accutase</td>
			<td>A1110501</td>
			<td>Thermo/Life Technologies</td>
			<td>Cell detachment solution</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>BSA</td>
			<td>A9418</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Dimethyl Sulfoxide (DMSO)</td>
			<td>D2438</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td>DMSO is toxic. Should be handled in chemical safety hood</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Enzyme-free cell dissociation buffer, Hank&#8217;s balanced salt</td>
			<td>13150016</td>
			<td>Thermo/Life Technologies</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Ethanol solution, 70% (vol/vol), biotechnology grade</td>
			<td>97065-058</td>
			<td>VWR</td>
			<td>Ethanol is flammable and toxic</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>FBS</td>
			<td>431097</td>
			<td>Corning</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Paraformaldehyde (PFA)</td>
			<td>28906</td>
			<td>Thermo/Life Technologies</td>
			<td>PFA should be handled in a chemical fume hood with proper personal protection equipment, including gloves, lab coat, and safety eye glasses. Avoid inhalation and contact with skin.</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Phosphate-buffered saline (PBS)</td>
			<td>14190-250</td>
			<td>Thermo/Life Technologies</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Sterile Distilled Water</td>
			<td>15230162</td>
			<td>Thermo/Life Technologies</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Triton X-100</td>
			<td>97062-208</td>
			<td>VWR</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Trypsin-EDTA, 0.05%</td>
			<td>25300-120</td>
			<td>Thermo/Life Technologies</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Equipment</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Aspirating pipettes, individually wrapped</td>
			<td>29442-462</td>
			<td>Corning</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Avanti J-15R Centrifuge</td>
			<td>B99516</td>
			<td>Beckman Coulter</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Conical centrifuge tube, 15 mL</td>
			<td>352097</td>
			<td>Corning</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Conical centrifuge tube, 50 mL</td>
			<td>352098</td>
			<td>Corning</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Cryoboxes</td>
			<td>3395465</td>
			<td>Thermo/Life Technologies</td>
			<td>For storing frozen aliquots</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>EVOS M7000</td>
			<td>AMF7000</td>
			<td>Thermo/Life Technologies</td>
			<td>Flourescent microscope used to acquire images of fixed and stained iPS cells and their derivatives</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Hemocytometer</td>
			<td>100503-092</td>
			<td>VWR</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Heracell VIOS 160i CO2 incubator</td>
			<td>51030403</td>
			<td>Thermo/Life Technologies</td>
			<td>For the routine culture and maintenace of iPS cells and their derivatives</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Inverted Zeiss Axio Observer equipped with AxioCam 503 camera</td>
			<td>491916-0001-000(microscope) ; 426558-0000-000(camera)</td>
			<td>Carl Zeiss Microscopy</td>
			<td>Used to acquire phase contrast images of live iPS cells and their derivatives at each stage of podocyte differentiation</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Kimberly-Clark nitrile gloves</td>
			<td>40101-346</td>
			<td>VWR</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Kimwipes, large</td>
			<td>21905-049</td>
			<td>VWR</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Kimwipes, small</td>
			<td>21905-026</td>
			<td>VWR</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>P10 precision barrier pipette tips</td>
			<td>P1096-FR</td>
			<td>Denville Scientific</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>P100 barrier pipette tips</td>
			<td>P1125</td>
			<td>Denville Scientific</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>P1000 barrier pipette tips</td>
			<td>P1126</td>
			<td>Denville Scientific</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>P20 barrier pipette tips</td>
			<td>P1121</td>
			<td>Denville Scientific</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>P200 barrier pipette tips</td>
			<td>P1122</td>
			<td>Denville Scientific</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Serological pipette, 10 mL, individually wrapped</td>
			<td>356551</td>
			<td>Corning</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Serological pipette, 25 mL, individually wrapped</td>
			<td>356525</td>
			<td>Corning</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Serological pipette, 5 mL, individually wrapped</td>
			<td>356543</td>
			<td>Corning</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Steriflip, 0.22 &#956;m, PES</td>
			<td>SCGP00525</td>
			<td>EMD Millipore</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Sterile Microcentrifuge Tubes</td>
			<td>1138W14</td>
			<td>Thomas Scientific</td>
			<td>For aliquoting growth factors</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Tissue culture&#8211;treated 12-well plates</td>
			<td>353043</td>
			<td>Corning</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Tissue culture&#8211;treated six-well plates</td>
			<td>353046</td>
			<td>Corning</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>VWR white techuni lab coat</td>
			<td>10141-342</td>
			<td>VWR</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Wide-beveled cell lifter</td>
			<td>3008</td>
			<td>Corning</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

guided differentiation of mature kidney podocytes from human induced pluripotent stem cells under chemically defined conditions

Nyresygdom påvirker mere end 10% af den globale befolkning og koster milliarder af dollars i føderale udgifter. De mest alvorlige former for nyresygdom og eventuel nyresvigt i slutstadiet er ofte forårsaget af skaderne på de glomerulære podocytter, som er de højt specialiserede epitelceller, der fungerer sammen med endotelceller og den glomerulære kældermembran for at danne nyrernes filtreringsbarriere. Fremskridt inden for nyremedicin er blevet hæmmet af den begrænsede tilgængelighed af primære væv og manglen på robuste metoder til afledning af funktionelle menneskelige nyreceller, såsom podocytter. Evnen til at udlede podocytter fra vedvarende energikilder, såsom stamceller, kan bidrage til at fremme den nuværende forståelse af mekanismerne for menneskelig nyreudvikling og sygdom samt give nye værktøjer til terapeutisk opdagelse. Målet med denne protokol var at udvikle en metode til at udlede modne, post-mitotiske podocytter fra human induceret pluripotente stamceller (hiPS) celler med høj effektivitet og specificitet, og under kemisk definerede betingelser. HiPS celle-afledte podocytter produceret af denne metode ekspres afstamning-specifikke markører (herunder nephrin, podocin, og Wilm's Tumor 1) og udviser de specialiserede morfologiske egenskaber (herunder primære og sekundære fod processer) forbundet med modne og funktionelle podocytter. Interessant, disse specialiserede funktioner er især fraværende i den udødeliggjorte podocyte celle linje udbredt i marken, hvilket tyder på, at protokollen beskrevet heri producerer menneskelige nyre podocytter, der har en udviklingsmæssigt mere moden fænotype end de eksisterende podocyte cellelinjer typisk bruges til at studere menneskelige nyrebiologi.

Målet med denne protokol var at påvise, at modne menneskelige podocytter kan udledes af hiPS-celler under kemisk definerede forhold. De data, der præsenteres i dette manuskript blev genereret ved hjælp af DU11 hiPS celle linje17, som først blev testet for, og viste sig at være fri for mycoplasma. Kromosomanalyse blev også udført, og cellerne viste sig at være karyotypisk normale. Begyndende med de udifferentierede DU11 hiPS-celler blev den differentieringsstrategi (fi...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Guided Differentiation of Mature Kidney Podocytes from Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells Under Chemically Defined Conditions at JoVE.com

Guided Differentiation of Mature Kidney Podocytes from Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells Under Chemically Defined Conditions

Præsenteret her er en kemisk defineret protokol til afledning af menneskelige nyre podocytter fra inducerede pluripotente stamceller med høj effektivitet (>90%) og uafhængig af genetiske manipulationer eller subpopulation udvælgelse. Denne protokol producerer den ønskede celletype inden for 26 dage og kan være nyttig til nefrotoksicitetstest og sygdomsmodellering.

Guidet differentiering af modne nyre podocytter fra menneskeskabte pluripotente stamceller under kemisk definerede forhold

Kidney disease affects more than 10% of the global population and costs billions of dollars in federal expenditures. The most severe forms of kidney ...

Research

JoVE Journal

Bioengineering

Alginate Microcapsule as a 3D Platform for Propagation and Differentiation of Human Embryonic Stem Cells (hESC) to Different Lineages

Alginate Microcapsule as a 3D Platform for Propagation and Differentiation of Human Embryonic Stem Cells hESC to Different Lineages

Alginat mikrokapselsammensætning som en 3D-platform for Formering og differentiering af humane embryonale stamceller (embryonale) til forskellige linier

Human embryonic stem cells (hESC) are emerging as an attractive alternative source for cell replacement therapy since they can be expanded in culture ...

Development, Expansion, and In vivo Monitoring of Human NK Cells from Human Embryonic Stem Cells (hESCs) and Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells (iPSCs)

Development, Expansion, and In vivo Monitoring of Human NK Cells from Human Embryonic Stem Cells hESCs and Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells iPSCs

Udvikling, Expansion, og<em&gt; In vivo</em&gt; Overvågning af menneskerettigheder NK-celler fra humane embryonale stamceller (hESCs), og og induceret pluripotente stamceller (iPSCs)

We present a method for deriving natural killer (NK) cells from undifferentiated hESCs and iPSCs using a feeder-free approach. This method gives rise to ...

Transplantation of Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-derived Mesoangioblast-like Myogenic Progenitors in Mouse Models of Muscle Regeneration

Transplantation af induceret pluripotente stamcelle-afledt Mesoangioblast-lignende Myogenic Stamfadere i Mouse Modeller af muskel regenerering

Patient-derived iPSCs could be an invaluable source of cells for future autologous cell therapy protocols. iPSC-derived myogenic stem/progenitor cells ...

Isolation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells from Human Alveolar Periosteum and Effects of Vitamin D on Osteogenic Activity of Periosteum-derived Cells

Isolering af mesenkymale stamceller fra menneskelige alveolær Periosteum og effekter af D-Vitamin på Osteogenic aktivitet af Periosteum-afledte celler

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are present in a variety of tissues and can be differentiated into numerous cell types, including osteoblasts. Among the ...

Human Pluripotent Stem Cell Culture on Polyvinyl Alcohol-Co-Itaconic Acid Hydrogels with Varying Stiffness Under Xeno-Free Conditions

Humane pluripotente stamceller kultur på Polyvinyl alkohol-Co-Itaconic syre Hydrogels med varierende stivhed på Xeno-fri betingelser

The effect of physical cues, such as the stiffness of biomaterials on the proliferation and differentiation of stem cells, has been investigated by ...

Isolation of Adult Human Dermal Fibroblasts from Abdominal Skin and Generation of Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells Using a Non-Integrating Method

Isolering af voksne humane Dermal fibroblaster fra abdominal hud og generering af inducerede pluripotente stamceller ved hjælp af en ikke-integrerings metode

Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) could be considered, to date, a promising source of pluripotent cells for the management of currently untreatable ...

Scalable Generation of Mature Cerebellar Organoids from Human Pluripotent Stem Cells and Characterization by Immunostaining

Skalerbar generation af modne cerebellar organoider fra humane pluripotente stamceller og karakterisering ved immunstaining

The cerebellum plays a critical role in the maintenance of balance and motor coordination, and a functional defect in different cerebellar neurons can ...

Single-Cell Optical Action Potential Measurement in Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Cardiomyocytes

Single-Cell Optisk Action Potentiel måling i human induceret pluripotente stamcelle-afledte kardiomyocytter

Conventional intracellular microelectrode techniques to quantify cardiomyocyte electrophysiology are extremely complex, labor intensive, and typically ...

Fibroblast Derived Human Engineered Connective Tissue for Screening Applications

Fibroblast afledte humane manipuleret bindevæv til screeningsapplikationer

Fibroblasts are phenotypically highly dynamic cells, which quickly transdifferentiate into myofibroblasts in response to biochemical and biomechanical ...