Name: differentiation and characterization of neural progenitors and neurons from mouse embryonic stem cells
Uploaded: 2020-05-15T15:00:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Differentiation and Characterization of Neural Progenitors and Neurons from Mouse Embryonic Stem Cells at JoVE.com

Dette arbejde blev støttet af et tilskud fra NIH (1R35GM133496-01) til Z. Gao. Vi vil gerne takke Dr. Ryan Hobbs for hjælpen i afsnittet. Vi takker Penn State College of Medicine's kernefaciliteter, herunder Genom Sciences og Bioinformatik, Advanced Light Microscopy Imaging, og Flow Cytometri. Vi takker også Dr. Yuka Imamura for hjælpen i RNA-seq analyse.

1. mESC kultur
<ol><li>Coat en 10 cm vævskulturbehandlet plade med 0,1% gelatine og lad gelatinen indstilles i mindst 15-30 minutter, før du aspireerer den ud.</li>
	<li>Frø γ-bestrålet mus embryonale fibroblaster (MEFs) en dag før dyrkning af mESC'erne i det forvarmede mESC-medium (Dulbeccos modificerede Eagle medium (DMEM) med 15% fosterkvægsserum (FBS), ikke-essentielle aminosyrer, β-mercaptoethanol, L-glutamin, penicillin/streptomycin, natrium pyruvat, LIF, PD0325901 (PD) og Chir99021 (CH)).</li>
	<li>Lad d...

<ol>
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Metoden til neural differentiering af museememinnale stamceller er blevet etableret i årtier , og forskere har fortsat med at ændre de tidligere protokoller eller skabe nye til forskellige formål7,10,11. Vi brugte en række analyser til omfattende at analysere effektiviteten og fremskridtene af differentieringsstadierne af mESCs til neuroner, som kan bruges til analyse af andre slægtsdifferentiering af mus eller menneskelige...

Siden deres første afledning fra den indre cellemasse af de udviklende muse blastocyster1,2, mus embryonale stamceller (mESC) er blevet brugt som kraftfulde værktøjer til at studere stamcelle selvfornyelse og differentiering3. Desuden fører undersøgelse af mESC-differentiering til en enorm forståelse af molekylære mekanismer, der kan forbedre effektiviteten og sikkerheden i stamcellebaseret terapi til behandling af sygdomme som neurodegenerative lidelser4. Sammenlignet med dyremodeller giver dette in vitro-system mange fordele, herunder enkelhed i praksis og vurdering, lave omkostninger ved at opretholde cellelinjer i modsætning til dyr og relativ lethed i genetiske manipulationer. Effektiviteten og kvaliteten af differentierede celletyper påvirkes dog ofte af forskellige linjer af mESC'er samt differentieringsmetoderne5,6. Desuden er de traditionelle analyser til evaluering af differentieringseffektivitet afhængige af kvalitativ undersøgelse af udvalgte markørgener, som mangler robusthed, og de forstår derfor ikke globale ændringer i genekspression.
Her sigter vi mod at bruge et batteri af analyser til systematisk vurdering af den neuronale differentiering. Ved hjælp af både traditionelle in vitro-analyser på udvalgte markører og RNA-seq etablerer vi en platform til måling af differentieringseffektiviteten samt de transskriptomiske ændringer under denne proces. Baseret på en tidligere etableret protokol7genererede vi embryonale organer (EBs) gennem den hængende dråbeteknik, efterfulgt af induktion ved hjælp af suprafysiologisk mængde retinsyre (RA) til at generere neurale stamfaderceller (NPC'er), som efterfølgende blev differentieret til neuroner med neural induktion medium. For at undersøge effektiviteten af differentiering, ud over traditionelle RT-qPCR og immunofluorescence (IF) assays, vi udførte RNA-seq og flow cytometri. Disse analyser giver en omfattende måling af udviklingen af den fasespecifikke differentiering.

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		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:276px;">0.05% Trypsin + 0.53mM EDTA 1X</td>
			<td style="width:148px;">Corning</td>
			<td style="width:127px;">25-052-CV</td>
			<td style="width:255px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:276px;">0.1% Gelatin</td>
			<td style="width:148px;">Sigma</td>
			<td style="width:127px;">G1890-100G</td>
			<td>Prepared in de-ionized water</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:276px;">16% Paraformaldehyde</td>
			<td style="width:148px;">Thermo Scientific</td>
			<td style="width:127px;">28908</td>
			<td>Diluted in 1X PBS</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:276px;">40-&#956;m cell strainer</td>
			<td style="width:148px;">Falcon</td>
			<td style="width:127px;">352340</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:276px;">Albumax</td>
			<td style="width:148px;">Thermo Fisher Scientific</td>
			<td style="width:127px;">11020021</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:276px;">AlexaFluor 488 goat anti-mouse IgG (H+L)</td>
			<td style="width:148px;">Invitrogen</td>
			<td style="width:127px;">A11001</td>
			<td>Antibody was diluted at 1:500 for IF</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:276px;">Alkaline Phosphatase Staining Kit II</td>
			<td style="width:148px;">Stemgent</td>
			<td style="width:127px;">00-0055</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:276px;">AzuraQuant Green Fast qPCR Mix LoRox</td>
			<td style="width:148px;">Azura Genomics</td>
			<td style="width:127px;">AZ-2105</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:276px;">B27 supplement</td>
			<td style="width:148px;">Thermo Fisher Scientific</td>
			<td style="width:127px;">17504044</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:276px;">BD FACSCanto</td>
			<td style="width:148px;">BD</td>
			<td style="width:127px;">657338</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:276px;">bFGF</td>
			<td style="width:148px;">Sigma</td>
			<td style="width:127px;">11123149001</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:276px;">BioAnalyzer High Sensitivity DNA Kit</td>
			<td style="width:148px;">Agilent</td>
			<td style="width:127px;">5067-4626</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:276px;">Chir99021</td>
			<td style="width:148px;">Cayman Chemicals</td>
			<td style="width:127px;">13122</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:276px;">Chloroform</td>
			<td style="width:148px;">C298-500</td>
			<td style="width:127px;">Fisher Chemical</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:276px;">DAPI</td>
			<td style="width:148px;">Invitrogen</td>
			<td style="width:127px;">R37606</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:276px;">DMEM</td>
			<td style="width:148px;">Corning</td>
			<td style="width:127px;">10-017-CM</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:276px;">DMEM/F12 medium</td>
			<td style="width:148px;">Thermo Fisher Scientific</td>
			<td style="width:127px;">11320033</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:276px;">EB buffer</td>
			<td style="width:148px;">Qiagen</td>
			<td style="width:127px;">19086</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:276px;">Ethanol</td>
			<td style="width:148px;">111000200</td>
			<td style="width:127px;">Pharmco</td>
			<td>Diluted in de-ionized water</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:276px;">Fetal bovine serum</td>
			<td style="width:148px;">Atlanta Biologicals</td>
			<td style="width:127px;">S10250</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:276px;">Fisherbrand Superfrost Plus Microscope Slides</td>
			<td style="width:148px;">Fisher Scientific</td>
			<td style="width:127px;">12-550-15</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:276px;">HiSeq 2500 Sequencing System</td>
			<td style="width:148px;">Illumina</td>
			<td style="width:127px;">SY-401-2501</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:276px;">Isopropanol</td>
			<td style="width:148px;">BDH1133-4LG</td>
			<td style="width:127px;">BDH VWR Analytical</td>
			<td>Diluted in de-ionized water</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:276px;">L-glutamine</td>
			<td style="width:148px;">Thermo Fisher Scientific</td>
			<td style="width:127px;">25030024</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:276px;">LIF</td>
			<td style="width:148px;">N/A</td>
			<td style="width:127px;">N/A</td>
			<td>Collected from MEF supernatant</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;">m18srRNA primers</td>
			<td style="width:148px;">IDTDNA</td>
			<td style="width:127px;">N/A</td>
			<td style="width:255px;">5&#39;-GCAATTATTCCCCATGAACG-3&#39; 
			5&#39;-GGCCTCACTAAACCATCCAA-3&#39;</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:276px;">MEM Non-essential amino acids</td>
			<td style="width:148px;">Corning</td>
			<td style="width:127px;">25-025-Cl</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;">mNanog primers</td>
			<td style="width:148px;">IDTDNA</td>
			<td style="width:127px;">N/A</td>
			<td style="width:255px;">5&#39;-AGGCTTTGGAGACAGTGAGGTG-3&#39; 
			5&#39;-TGGGTAAGGGTGTTCAAGCACT-3&#39;</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="84">
			<td height="84" style="height:84px;">mNes primers</td>
			<td style="width:148px;">IDTDNA</td>
			<td style="width:127px;">N/A</td>
			<td style="width:255px;">5&#39;-AGTGCCCAGTTCTAGTGGTGTCC-3&#39; 
			5&#39;-CCTCTAAAATAGAGTGGTGAGGGTTG-3&#39;</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="63">
			<td height="63" style="height:63px;">mNeuroD1 primers</td>
			<td style="width:148px;">IDTDNA</td>
			<td style="width:127px;">N/A</td>
			<td style="width:255px;">5&#39;-CGAGTCATGAGTGCCCAGCTTA-3&#39; 
			5&#39;-CCGGGAATAGTGAAACTGACGTG-3&#39;</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;">mOct4 primers</td>
			<td style="width:148px;">IDTDNA</td>
			<td style="width:127px;">N/A</td>
			<td style="width:255px;">5&#39;-AGATCACTCACATCGCCAATCA-3&#39; 
			5&#39;-CGCCGGTTACAGAACCATACTC-3&#39;</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;">mPax6 primers</td>
			<td style="width:148px;">IDTDNA</td>
			<td style="width:127px;">N/A</td>
			<td style="width:255px;">5&#39;-CTTGGGAAATCCGAGACAGA-3&#39; 
			5&#39;-CTAGCCAGGTTGCGAAGAAC-3&#39;</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:276px;">N2 supplement</td>
			<td style="width:148px;">Thermo Fisher Scientific</td>
			<td style="width:127px;">17502048</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:276px;">Nestin primary antibody</td>
			<td style="width:148px;">Millipore</td>
			<td style="width:127px;">MAB5326</td>
			<td>Antibody was diluted at 1:200 for IF</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:276px;">Neural basal</td>
			<td style="width:148px;">Thermo Fisher Scientific</td>
			<td style="width:127px;">21103049</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:276px;">Neurofilament primary antibody</td>
			<td style="width:148px;">DSHB</td>
			<td style="width:127px;">2H3</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:276px;">NEXTflex Illumina Rapid Directional RNA-Seq Library Prep Kit</td>
			<td style="width:148px;">BioO Scientific</td>
			<td style="width:127px;">NOVA-5138-07</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:276px;">PD0325901</td>
			<td style="width:148px;">Cayman Chemicals</td>
			<td style="width:127px;">13034</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:276px;">Penicillin/streptomycin</td>
			<td style="width:148px;">Corning</td>
			<td style="width:127px;">30-002-Cl</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:276px;">Phosphate-buffered saline (PBS)</td>
			<td style="width:148px;">N/A</td>
			<td style="width:127px;">N/A</td>
			<td>Prepared in de-ionized water</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:276px;">- Potassium chloride</td>
			<td style="width:148px;">P217-500G</td>
			<td style="width:127px;">VWR</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:276px;">- Potassium phosphate monobasic anhydrous</td>
			<td style="width:148px;">0781-500G</td>
			<td style="width:127px;">VWR</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:276px;">- Sodium chloride</td>
			<td style="width:148px;">BP358-10</td>
			<td style="width:127px;">Fisher Bioreagents</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:276px;">- Sodium phosphate, dibasic, heptahydrate</td>
			<td style="width:148px;">SX0715-1</td>
			<td style="width:127px;">Milipore</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:276px;">Random hexamer primer</td>
			<td style="width:148px;">Thermo Scientific</td>
			<td style="width:127px;">SO142</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:276px;">Retinoic acid</td>
			<td style="width:148px;">Sigma</td>
			<td style="width:127px;">R2625</td>
			<td>Prepared in DMSO</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:276px;">Sodium pyruvate</td>
			<td style="width:148px;">Corning</td>
			<td style="width:127px;">25-000-Cl</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:276px;">Sucrose</td>
			<td style="width:148px;">Sigma</td>
			<td style="width:127px;">84097</td>
			<td>Diluted in 1X PBS</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:276px;">SuperScript III Reverse Transcriptase</td>
			<td style="width:148px;">Invitrogen</td>
			<td style="width:127px;">18064022</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:276px;">Tissue-Tek O.C.T. compound</td>
			<td style="width:148px;">Sakura</td>
			<td style="width:127px;">4583</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:276px;">TriPure Isolation Reagent</td>
			<td style="width:148px;">Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td style="width:127px;">11667165001</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:276px;">TruSeq Rapid</td>
			<td style="width:148px;">Illumina</td>
			<td style="width:127px;">20020616</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:276px;">&#946;-mercaptoethanol</td>
			<td style="width:148px;">Fisher BioReagents</td>
			<td style="width:127px;">BP176-100</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

differentiation and characterization of neural progenitors and neurons from mouse embryonic stem cells

Vi beskriver den trinvise procedure for dyrkning og differentiering af museembrystiske stamceller i neuronale slægter, efterfulgt af en række analyser for at karakterisere de differentierede celler. E14 mus embryonale stamceller blev brugt til at danne embryonale organer gennem hængende drop metode, og derefter induceret til at differentiere sig til neurale stamfader celler ved retinsyre, og endelig differentieret i neuroner. Kvantitative reverse transskription polymerase kædereaktion (RT-qPCR) og immunofluorescence eksperimenter viste, at de neurale forfædre og neuroner udviser tilsvarende markører (nestin for neurale forfædre og neurofilament for neuroner) på dag 8 og 12 post-differentiering, henholdsvis. Flow cytometri eksperimenter på en E14 linje udtrykker en Sox1 promotor-drevet GFP reporter viste, at omkring 60% af cellerne på dag 8 er GFP positive, hvilket indikerer en vellykket differentiering af neurale stamfader celler på dette stadium. Endelig blev RNA-seq-analysen brugt til at profilere de globale transskriptomiske ændringer. Disse metoder er nyttige til at analysere inddragelsen af specifikke gener og veje i reguleringen af celleidentitetsovergangen under neuronal differentiering.

Som en repræsentation af vores metode udførte vi et EB-, NPC- og neurondifferentieringseksperiment på E14-celler. E14-celler blev kultiveret på γ bestrålede MEF'er (figur 1A),indtil den γ bestrålede MEF-population udvandede. Vi bekræftede pluripotency af E14 celler ved at udføre alkaliske Fosphatase (AP) farvning (Figur 1B) og senere RT-qPCR (se nedenfor) for Nanog og Oct4 markører. De γ bestrålede MEF-fri E14-celler blev derefter ...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Differentiation and Characterization of Neural Progenitors and Neurons from Mouse Embryonic Stem Cells at JoVE.com

Differentiation and Characterization of Neural Progenitors and Neurons from Mouse Embryonic Stem Cells

Vi beskriver proceduren for in vitro differentiering af mus embryonale stamceller i neuronale celler ved hjælp af hængende dråbe metode. Derudover udfører vi en omfattende fænotypisk analyse gennem RT-qPCR, immunofluorescence, RNA-seq og flowcytometri.

Differentiering og karakterisering af neurale forfædre og neuroner fra museembryst stamceller

We describe the step-by-step procedure for culturing and differentiating mouse embryonic stem cells into neuronal lineages, followed by a series of assays ...

Research

JoVE Journal

Developmental Biology

Neural Differentiation of Mouse Embryonic Stem Cells in Serum-free Monolayer Culture

Neural Differentiering af Mouse Embryonale stamceller i Serumfrit monolagskultur

The ability to differentiate mouse embryonic stem cells (ESC) to neural progenitors allows the study of the mechanisms controlling neural specification as ...

Epigenetic Regulation of Cardiac Differentiation of Embryonic Stem Cells and Tissues

Epigenetisk forordning af Cardiac Differentiering af embryonale stamceller og væv

Specific gene transcription is a key biological process that underlies cell fate decision during embryonic development. The biological process is mediated ...

Directed Differentiation of Primitive and Definitive Hematopoietic Progenitors from Human Pluripotent Stem Cells

Instrueret differentiering af Primitive og endelige hæmatopoietisk ophav fra humane pluripotente stamceller

One of the major goals for regenerative medicine is the generation and maintenance of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) derived from human pluripotent stem ...

Efficient Differentiation of Pluripotent Stem Cells to NKX6-1+ Pancreatic Progenitors

Efficient Differentiation of Pluripotent Stem Cells to NKX6-1+ Pancreatic Progenitors

Effektiv Differentiering af pluripotente stamceller til NKX6-1<sup&gt; +</sup&gt; Pankreatisk progenitorer

Pluripotent stem cells have the ability to self renew and differentiate to multiple lineages, making them an attractive source for the generation of ...

Analysis of Retinoic Acid-induced Neural Differentiation of Mouse Embryonic Stem Cells in Two and Three-dimensional Embryoid Bodies

Analyse af retinoidsyre-induceret Neural Differentiation af muse embryonale stamceller i to og tre-dimensionelle embryoide legemer

Mouse embryonic stem cells (ESCs) isolated from the inner mass of the blastocyst (typically at day E3.5), can be used as in vitro model system for ...

Rapid, Directed Differentiation of Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells from Human Embryonic or Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells

Hurtig, instrueret differentiering af retinale Pigment epitel celler fra menneskelige embryonale eller induceret pluripotente stamceller

We describe a robust method to direct the differentiation of pluripotent stem cells into retinal pigment epithelial cells (RPE). The purpose of providing ...

Isolation, Culture, and Differentiation of Bone Marrow Stromal Cells and Osteoclast Progenitors from Mice

Isolation, kultur og differentiering af knoglemarven stromale celler og osteoklast ophav fra mus

Bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) constitute a cell population routinely used as a representation of mesenchymal stem cells in vitro. They reside within ...

Generation of Induced Neural Stem Cells from Peripheral Mononuclear Cells and Differentiation Toward Dopaminergic Neuron Precursors for Transplantation Studies

Generation af inducerede neurale stamceller fra perifere mononukleære celler og differentiering mod dopaminerge neuron-prækursorer til transplantations studier

Parkinson&#39;s disease (PD) is caused by degeneration of dopaminergic (DA) neurons at the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc) in the ventral ...

Efficient Neural Differentiation using Single-Cell Culture of Human Embryonic Stem Cells

Effektiv neurale differentiering ved hjælp af enkelt cellekultur af humane embryonale stamceller

In vitro differentiation of human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) has transformed the ability to study human development on both biological and molecular ...

Preparation of Small RNA Libraries for Sequencing from Early Mouse Embryos

Forberedelse af små RNA-biblioteker til sekventering fra tidlige museembryoner

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are important for the complex regulation of cell fate decisions and developmental timing. In vivo studies of the contribution of miRNAs ...