Name: real-time fmri brain mapping in animals
Uploaded: 2020-09-24T12:30:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Real-Time fMRI Brain Mapping in Animals at JoVE.com

Vi takker Dr. D. Chen og Dr. C. Yen for at dele AFNI-scriptet til opsætning af realtids fMRI til PV 5 og AFNI-teamet til softwaresupport. Denne forskning blev støttet af NIH Brain Initiative-finansiering (RF1NS113278-01, R01 MH111438-01) og S10-instrumenttilskuddet (S10 RR023009-01) til Martinos Center, German Research Foundation (DFG) Yu215/3-1, BMBF 01GQ1702 og den interne finansiering fra Max Planck Society.

Denne undersøgelse blev udført i overensstemmelse med den tyske dyrevelfærdslov (TierSchG) og dyrevelfærdslaboratoriets dyreforordning (TierSchVersV). Den her beskrevne forsøgsprotokol blev gennemgået af den etiske kommission (§15 TierSchG) og godkendt af den statslige myndighed (Regierungspräsidium, Tübingen, Baden-Württemberg, Tyskland).
1. Forberedelse af BOLD-fMRI-forsøgsopstillingen til smådyrsforsøg
<ol><li>Tænd konsolsoftwaren for at styre billedparametre og hente MR-dat...

<ol>
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Realtidsovervågning af fMRI-signalet hjælper eksperimenter med at justere dyrenes fysiologi for at optimere funktionel kortlægning. Bevægelsesartefakter hos vågne dyr såvel som den bedøvelseseffekt er vigtige faktorer, der formidler variabiliteten af fMRI-signaler, hvilket forvirrer den biologiske fortolkning af signalet i sig selv 31,32,33,34,35,36,37,38 </s...

Funktionel magnetisk resonansbilleddannelse (fMRI) er en ikke-invasiv metode til måling af hæmodynamiske reaktioner 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9, fx blod-ilt-niveauafhængig (BOLD), cerebral blodvolumen og flowsignal, der er forbundet med neural aktivitet i hjernen. I dyreforsøg kan hæmodynamiske signaler påvirkes af anæstesi10, stressniveauet hos vågne dyr 11 samt de potentielle ikke-fysiologiske artefakter, fx hjertepulsering og åndedrætsbevægelser12,13,14,15. Selvom mange efterbehandlingsmetoder er blevet udviklet til at give en retrospektiv analyse af fMRI-signalet til den opgaverelaterede og hviletilstands funktionelle dynamik og forbindelseskortlægning16,17,18,19, er der få teknikker til at tilvejebringe en realtids hjernefunktionskortlægningsløsning og øjeblikkelige aflæsninger i dyrehjernen 20 (hvoraf de fleste hovedsageligt bruges til kortlægning af menneskelig hjerne 21, 22,23,24,25,26,27). Især mangler denne form for realtids fMRI-kortlægningsmetode i dyreforsøg. Det er nødvendigt at oprette en fMRI-platform for at muliggøre undersøgelse af hjernetilstandsafhængige fysiologiske stadier i realtid og for at tilvejebringe realtids biofeedbackstimuleringsparadigme til funktionelle undersøgelser af dyrehjerner.
I dette arbejde illustrerer vi en real-time fMRI eksperimentel opsætning med de tilpassede makrofunktioner i MR-konsolsoftwaren, der demonstrerer realtidsovervågning af de fremkaldte BOLD-fMRI-responser i den primære forpote somatosensoriske cortex (FP-S1) hos de bedøvede rotter. Denne realtidsopsætning giver mulighed for visualisering af den igangværende hjerneaktivering i funktionelle kort samt individuelle tidsforløb på en voxel-klog måde ved hjælp af den eksisterende neuroimageanalysesoftware, Analysis of Functional NeuroImages (AFNI)28. Forberedelsen af real-time fMRI forsøgsopstillingen til dyreforsøget er beskrevet i protokollen. Udover dyreopsætningen leverer vi detaljerede procedurer til opsætning af visualisering og analyse af fMRI-signaler i realtid ved hjælp af den nyeste konsolsoftware parallelt med billedbehandlingsscripts. Sammenfattende er den foreslåede realtids fMRI-opsætning til dyreforsøg et kraftfuldt værktøj til overvågning af de dynamiske fMRI-signaler i dyrehjernen ved hjælp af MR-konsolsystemet.

<table>
	<tbody>
		<tr>
			<td>14.1T Bruker MRI system</td>
			<td>Bruker BioSpin MRI GmbH</td>
			<td>N/A</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>A365 Stimulus Isolator</td>
			<td>World Precision Instruments</td>
			<td>N/A</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>AcqKnowledge Software</td>
			<td>Biopac</td>
			<td>RRID:SCR_014279, http://www.biopac.com/product/acqknowledge-software/</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>AFNI</td>
			<td>Cox, 1996</td>
			<td>RRID:SCR_005927, http://afni.nimh.nih.gov</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>CO2SMO (ETCO2/SpO2 Monitor), Model 7100</td>
			<td>Novametrix Medical Systems Inc</td>
			<td>N/A</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Isoflurane</td>
			<td>CP-Pharma</td>
			<td>Cat# 1214</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Master-9</td>
			<td>A.M.P.I</td>
			<td>N/A</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Nanoliter Injector</td>
			<td>World Precision Instruments</td>
			<td>Cat# NANOFIL</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Pancuronium Bromide</td>
			<td>Inresa Arzneimittel</td>
			<td>Cat# 34409.00.00</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>ParaVision 6</td>
			<td>Bruker BioSpin MRI GmbH</td>
			<td>RRID:SCR_001964</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Phosphate Buffered Saline (PBS)</td>
			<td>Gibco</td>
			<td>Cat# 10010-023</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Rat: Sprague Dawley rat</td>
			<td>Charles River Laboratories</td>
			<td>Crl:CD(SD)</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>SAR-830/AP Ventilator</td>
			<td>CWE</td>
			<td>N/A</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>&#945;-chloralose</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td>Cat# C0128-25G;RRID</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

real-time fmri brain mapping in animals

Dynamiske fMRI-reaktioner varierer stort set alt efter de fysiologiske forhold hos dyr, enten under anæstesi eller i vågen tilstand. Vi udviklede en real-time fMRI-platform til at guide eksperimenter til at overvåge fMRI-responser øjeblikkeligt under erhvervelse, som kan bruges til at ændre dyrs fysiologi for at opnå ønskede hæmodynamiske reaktioner i dyrehjerner. Realtidsopsætningen af fMRI er baseret på et 14,1T præklinisk MR-system, der muliggør kortlægning i realtid af dynamiske fMRI-responser i den primære forpote somatosensoriske cortex (FP-S1) hos bedøvede rotter. I stedet for en retrospektiv analyse for at undersøge forvirrende kilder, der fører til variabiliteten af fMRI-signaler, giver realtids fMRI-platformen et mere effektivt skema til at identificere dynamiske fMRI-svar ved hjælp af tilpassede makrofunktioner og en fælles neuroimageanalysesoftware i MR-systemet. Det giver også øjeblikkelig fejlfindingsmulighed og et realtids biofeedback-stimuleringsparadigme til hjernefunktionelle undersøgelser hos dyr.

Figur 3 og figur 4 viser et repræsentativt voxel-klogt BOLD-fMRI-tidsforløb i realtid og funktionelle kort med elektrisk forpotestimulering (3 Hz, 4 s, pulsbredde 300 us, 2,5 mA). fMRI-designparadigmet består af 10 præstimuleringsscanninger, 3 stimuleringsscanninger og 12 interstimuleringsscanninger med i alt 8 epoker (130 scanninger). Den samlede scanningstid er 3 min 15 sek (195 sek). Figur 3 viser det voxelvise tidsforløb (s...

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Real-Time fMRI Brain Mapping in Animals

Funktionel kortlægning af dyrehjerner kan drage fordel af den eksperimentelle opsætning af funktionel magnetisk resonansbilleddannelse (fMRI) i realtid. Ved hjælp af den nyeste software, der er implementeret i dyrenes MR-system, etablerede vi en realtidsovervågningsplatform for fMRI for små dyr.

Real-Time fMRI hjernekortlægning hos dyr

Dynamic fMRI responses vary largely according to the physiological conditions of animals either under anesthesia or in awake states. We developed a ...

Research

JoVE Journal

Neuroscience

Simultaneous fMRI and Electrophysiology in the Rodent Brain

To examine the neural basis of the blood oxygenation level dependent (BOLD) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) signal, we have developed a rodent model in ...

Combining Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation and fMRI to Examine the Default Mode Network

The default mode network is a group of brain regions that are active when an individual is not focused on the outside world and the brain is at "wakeful ...

Recording Human Electrocorticographic (ECoG) Signals for Neuroscientific Research and Real-time Functional Cortical Mapping

Recording Human Electrocorticographic ECoG Signals for Neuroscientific Research and Real-time Functional Cortical Mapping

Optagelse Humane Electrocorticographic (ECOG) signaler for neurovidenskabelige forskning og Real-time Funktionel Kortikal Mapping

Neuroimaging studies of human cognitive, sensory, and motor processes are usually based on noninvasive techniques such as electroencephalography (EEG), ...

Design and Assembly of an Ultra-light Motorized Microdrive for Chronic Neural Recordings in Small Animals

The ability to chronically record from populations of neurons in freely behaving animals has proven an invaluable tool for dissecting the function of ...

Functional Imaging of Auditory Cortex in Adult Cats using High-field fMRI

Funktionel Imaging af Auditory Cortex i voksne katte ved hjælp af High-felt fMRI

Current knowledge of sensory processing in the mammalian auditory system is mainly derived from electrophysiological studies in a variety of animal ...

Deep Brain Stimulation with Simultaneous fMRI in Rodents

Dyb Brain Stimulation med samtidig fMRI i Gnavere

In order to visualize the global and downstream neuronal responses to deep brain stimulation (DBS) at various targets, we have developed a protocol for ...

Rapid Genotyping of Animals Followed by Establishing Primary Cultures of Brain Neurons

Rapid Genotypebestemmelse af dyr Efterfulgt af Etablering primære kulturer af hjerneneuroner

High-resolution analysis of the morphology and function of mammalian neurons often requires the genotyping of individual animals followed by the analysis ...

An Ex Vivo Laser-induced Spinal Cord Injury Model to Assess Mechanisms of Axonal Degeneration in Real-time

An Ex Vivo Laser-induced Spinal Cord Injury Model to Assess Mechanisms of Axonal Degeneration in Real-time

En<em&gt; Ex vivo</em&gt; Laser-induceret Rygmarvsskader model til opgørelse Mekanismer axon Degeneration i realtid

Injured CNS axons fail to regenerate and often retract away from the injury site. Axons spared from the initial injury may later undergo secondary axonal ...

A Protocol for the Administration of Real-Time fMRI Neurofeedback Training

En protokol til Administration af Real-Time fMRI Neurofeedback træning

Neurologic disorders are characterized by abnormal cellular-, molecular-, and circuit-level functions in the brain. New methods to induce and control ...

Real-time Iontophoresis with Tetramethylammonium to Quantify Volume Fraction and Tortuosity of Brain Extracellular Space

Real-time iontophorese med tetramethylammonium til kvantificering af volumen fraktion og tortuosity af hjernens ekstracellulære rum

This review describes the basic concepts and protocol to perform the real-time iontophoresis (RTI) method, the gold-standard to explore and quantify the ...