Name: real-time fmri brain mapping in animals
Uploaded: 2020-09-24T12:30:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Real-Time fMRI Brain Mapping in Animals at JoVE.com

PV 5のリアルタイムfMRIをセットアップするためのAFNIスクリプトを共有してくれたD.Chen博士とC.Yen博士、およびソフトウェアサポートを提供してくれたAFNIチームに感謝します。この研究は、NIHブレインイニシアチブの資金提供(RF1NS113278-01、R01 MH111438-01)、およびドイツ研究財団(DFG)のマルティノスセンターへのS10機器助成金(S10 RR023009-01)、およびマックスプランク協会からの内部資金提供によってサポートされました。

この研究は、ドイツ動物福祉法(TierSchG)および動物福祉実験動物条例(TierSchVersV)に従って実施されました。ここに記載されている実験プロトコルは、倫理委員会(§15 TierSchG)によってレビューされ、州当局(ドイツ、バーデンヴュルテンベルク州テュービンゲンのRegierungspräsidium)によって承認されました。
1. 小動物研究のためのBOLD-fMRI実験セットアップの準備
<ol><li>コンソ?...

<ol>
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fMRI信号のリアルタイムモニタリングは、実験者が動物の生理機能を調整して機能マッピングを最適化するのに役立ちます。覚醒している動物における運動アーチファクト、ならびに麻酔効果は、fMRI信号の変動性を媒介する主要な要因であり、信号の生物学的解釈をそれ自体で混乱させる31,32,33,34,35,36,37,38<sup class="...

機能的磁気共鳴画像法(fMRI)は、血行動態応答1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8、9、例えば、血中酸素レベル依存性(BOLD)、脳内の神経活動に関連する脳血液量および流量信号を測定する非侵襲的方法である。動物実験では、血行動態信号は、麻酔10、覚醒している動物のストレスレベル11、ならびに潜在的な非生理学的アーティファクト、例えば、心拍動および呼吸運動12、13、14、15によって影響を受ける可能性がある。タスク関連および安静状態機能ダイナミクスおよび接続性マッピング16、17、18、19のためのfMRI信号の遡及的分析を提供するために多くの後処理方法が開発されているが、動物の脳20におけるリアルタイムの脳機能マッピングソリューションおよび瞬間的な読み出しを提供する技術はほとんどない(そのほとんどは、主にヒト脳マッピング21に使用される、 22,23,24,25,26,27)。特に、この種のリアルタイムfMRIマッピング法は、動物実験では欠けています。fMRIプラットフォームを構築して、リアルタイムの脳状態依存的な生理学的病期の調査を可能にし、動物の脳機能研究にリアルタイムのバイオフィードバック刺激パラダイムを提供する必要があります。
本研究では、MRIコンソールソフトウェアのカスタマイズされたマクロ機能を備えたリアルタイムfMRI実験セットアップを示し、麻酔をかけたラットの一次前足体性感覚皮質(FP-S1)における誘発されたBOLD-fMRI応答のリアルタイムモニタリングを示します。このリアルタイムセットアップにより、既存の神経画像解析ソフトウェアである機能神経画像解析(AFNI)28を使用して、機能マップで進行中の脳の活性化と個々の時間コースをボクセル単位で視覚化できます。動物実験のためのリアルタイムfMRI実験セットアップの準備は、プロトコルに記載されています。動物のセットアップに加えて、画像処理スクリプトと並行して、最新のコンソールソフトウェアを使用してリアルタイムfMRI信号の視覚化と分析を設定するための詳細な手順を提供します。要約すると、動物実験用に提案されたリアルタイムfMRIセットアップは、MRIコンソールシステムを使用して動物の脳内の動的fMRI信号を監視するための強力なツールです。

<table>
	<tbody>
		<tr>
			<td>14.1T Bruker MRI system</td>
			<td>Bruker BioSpin MRI GmbH</td>
			<td>N/A</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>A365 Stimulus Isolator</td>
			<td>World Precision Instruments</td>
			<td>N/A</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>AcqKnowledge Software</td>
			<td>Biopac</td>
			<td>RRID:SCR_014279, http://www.biopac.com/product/acqknowledge-software/</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>AFNI</td>
			<td>Cox, 1996</td>
			<td>RRID:SCR_005927, http://afni.nimh.nih.gov</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>CO2SMO (ETCO2/SpO2 Monitor), Model 7100</td>
			<td>Novametrix Medical Systems Inc</td>
			<td>N/A</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Isoflurane</td>
			<td>CP-Pharma</td>
			<td>Cat# 1214</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Master-9</td>
			<td>A.M.P.I</td>
			<td>N/A</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Nanoliter Injector</td>
			<td>World Precision Instruments</td>
			<td>Cat# NANOFIL</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Pancuronium Bromide</td>
			<td>Inresa Arzneimittel</td>
			<td>Cat# 34409.00.00</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>ParaVision 6</td>
			<td>Bruker BioSpin MRI GmbH</td>
			<td>RRID:SCR_001964</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Phosphate Buffered Saline (PBS)</td>
			<td>Gibco</td>
			<td>Cat# 10010-023</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Rat: Sprague Dawley rat</td>
			<td>Charles River Laboratories</td>
			<td>Crl:CD(SD)</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>SAR-830/AP Ventilator</td>
			<td>CWE</td>
			<td>N/A</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>&#945;-chloralose</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td>Cat# C0128-25G;RRID</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

real-time fmri brain mapping in animals

動的fMRI応答は、麻酔下または覚醒状態の動物の生理学的条件によって大きく異なります。私たちは、取得中にfMRI応答を瞬時にモニターするように実験者を導くリアルタイムfMRIプラットフォームを開発し、動物の生理機能を変更して動物の脳で目的の血行動態応答を達成することができます。リアルタイムfMRIセットアップは、14.1Tの前臨床MRIシステムに基づいており、麻酔をかけたラットの一次前足体性感覚皮質(FP-S1)における動的fMRI応答のリアルタイムマッピングを可能にします。リアルタイムfMRIプラットフォームは、fMRI信号の変動につながる交絡源を調査するための遡及的分析の代わりに、カスタマイズされたマクロ機能とMRIシステムの一般的な神経画像解析ソフトウェアを使用して動的fMRI応答を識別するためのより効果的なスキームを提供します。また、動物の脳機能研究のための即時のトラブルシューティングの実現可能性とリアルタイムのバイオフィードバック刺激パラダイムを提供します。

図3と図4は、代表的なリアルタイムボクセル単位のBOLD-fMRIタイムコースと、電気前足刺激(3 Hz、4 s、パルス幅300 us、2.5 mA)を使用した関数マップを示しています。fMRI設計パラダイムは、10回の刺激前スキャン、3回の刺激スキャン、および合計8回のエポック(130回のスキャン)の12回の刺激間スキャンで構成されています。合計スキャン時間は3分15秒(195?...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Real-Time fMRI Brain Mapping in Animals at JoVE.com

Real-Time fMRI Brain Mapping in Animals

動物の脳機能マッピングは、リアルタイムの機能的磁気共鳴画像法(fMRI)実験セットアップの恩恵を受けることができます。動物MRIシステムに実装された最新のソフトウェアを使用して、小動物fMRIのリアルタイムモニタリングプラットフォームを確立しました。

動物におけるリアルタイムfMRI脳マッピング

Dynamic fMRI responses vary largely according to the physiological conditions of animals either under anesthesia or in awake states. We developed a ...

Research

JoVE Journal

Neuroscience

Simultaneous fMRI and Electrophysiology in the Rodent Brain

齧歯類の脳における同時fMRIと電気生理学

To examine the neural basis of the blood oxygenation level dependent (BOLD) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) signal, we have developed a rodent model in ...

Combining Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation and fMRI to Examine the Default Mode Network

デフォルトモードのネットワークを検査する経頭蓋磁気刺激とfMRIを組み合わせ

The default mode network is a group of brain regions that are active when an individual is not focused on the outside world and the brain is at "wakeful ...

Recording Human Electrocorticographic (ECoG) Signals for Neuroscientific Research and Real-time Functional Cortical Mapping

Recording Human Electrocorticographic ECoG Signals for Neuroscientific Research and Real-time Functional Cortical Mapping

神経科学の研究とリアルタイム機能皮質マッピングのためのヒトElectrocorticographic（ECOG）信号を記録

Neuroimaging studies of human cognitive, sensory, and motor processes are usually based on noninvasive techniques such as electroencephalography (EEG), ...

Design and Assembly of an Ultra-light Motorized Microdrive for Chronic Neural Recordings in Small Animals

小動物の慢性神経録音用超軽量電動マイクロドライブの設計およびアセンブリ

The ability to chronically record from populations of neurons in freely behaving animals has proven an invaluable tool for dissecting the function of ...

Functional Imaging of Auditory Cortex in Adult Cats using High-field fMRI

ハイフィールドのfMRIを使って大人の猫における聴覚皮質の機能イメージング

Current knowledge of sensory processing in the mammalian auditory system is mainly derived from electrophysiological studies in a variety of animal ...

Deep Brain Stimulation with Simultaneous fMRI in Rodents

げっ歯類での同時のfMRIと脳深部刺激

In order to visualize the global and downstream neuronal responses to deep brain stimulation (DBS) at various targets, we have developed a protocol for ...

Rapid Genotyping of Animals Followed by Establishing Primary Cultures of Brain Neurons

脳神経細胞の初代培養の確立が続く動物の急速なジェノタイピング

High-resolution analysis of the morphology and function of mammalian neurons often requires the genotyping of individual animals followed by the analysis ...

An Ex Vivo Laser-induced Spinal Cord Injury Model to Assess Mechanisms of Axonal Degeneration in Real-time

An Ex Vivo Laser-induced Spinal Cord Injury Model to Assess Mechanisms of Axonal Degeneration in Real-time

アン<em&gt;エクスビボ</em&gt;レーザー誘起脊髄損傷モデルがリアルタイムで軸索変性のメカニズムを評価するために

Injured CNS axons fail to regenerate and often retract away from the injury site. Axons spared from the initial injury may later undergo secondary axonal ...

A Protocol for the Administration of Real-Time fMRI Neurofeedback Training

管理のリアルタイム fMRI ニューロフィード バック トレーニングのプロトコル

Neurologic disorders are characterized by abnormal cellular-, molecular-, and circuit-level functions in the brain. New methods to induce and control ...

Real-time Iontophoresis with Tetramethylammonium to Quantify Volume Fraction and Tortuosity of Brain Extracellular Space

脳の細胞外空間の体積分率とねじれを定量するためのテトラメチルアンモニウムによるリアルタイムイオントフォレシス

This review describes the basic concepts and protocol to perform the real-time iontophoresis (RTI) method, the gold-standard to explore and quantify the ...