Name: real-time fmri brain mapping in animals
Uploaded: 2020-09-24T12:30:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Real-Time fMRI Brain Mapping in Animals at JoVE.com

Vi takker Dr. D. Chen og Dr. C. Yen for å dele AFNI-skriptet for å sette opp sanntids fMRI for PV 5 og AFNI-teamet for programvarestøtten. Denne forskningen ble støttet av NIH Brain Initiative-finansiering (RF1NS113278-01, R01 MH111438-01), og S10-instrumentstipendet (S10 RR023009-01) til Martinos Center, German Research Foundation (DFG) Yu215/3-1, BMBF 01GQ1702, og den interne finansieringen fra Max Planck Society.

Denne studien ble utført i samsvar med den tyske dyrevelferdsloven (TierSchG) og dyrevelferdslaboratoriedyrforordningen (TierSchVersV). Den eksperimentelle protokollen som er beskrevet her, ble gjennomgått av etikkkommisjonen (§15 TierSchG) og godkjent av statlig myndighet (Regierungspräsidium, Tübingen, Baden-Württemberg, Tyskland).
1. Utarbeide BOLD-fMRI eksperimentelt oppsett for smådyrstudier
<ol><li>Slå på konsollprogramvaren for å kontrollere bildeparametere og hente MR-data....

<ol>
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S. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Real-time+functional+magnetic+resonance+imaging.">Real-time functional magnetic resonance imaging.</a> Methods. 25 (2), 201-220 (2001).</li><li>Posse, S., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=A+new+approach+to+measure+single-event+related+brain+activity+using+real-time+fMRI:+Feasibility+of+sensory,+motor,+and+higher+cognitive+tasks.">A new approach to measure single-event related brain activity using real-time fMRI: Feasibility of sensory, motor, and higher cognitive tasks.</a> Human Brain Mapping. 12 (1), 25-41 (2001).</li><li>Decharms, R. 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Sanntidsovervåking av fMRI-signalet hjelper eksperimenter med å justere dyrenes fysiologi for å optimalisere funksjonell kartlegging. Bevegelsesartefakter hos våkne dyr, så vel som bedøvelseseffekten, er viktige faktorer som formidler variasjonen av fMRI-signaler, og forvirrer den biologiske tolkningen av signalet i seg selv 31,32,33,34,35,36,37,38<...

Funksjonell magnetisk resonansavbildning (fMRI) er en ikke-invasiv metode for å måle de hemodynamiske responsene 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9, for eksempel blod-oksygennivåavhengig (BOLD), hjerneblodvolum og strømningssignal, assosiert med nevral aktivitet i hjernen. I dyreforsøk kan hemodynamiske signaler påvirkes av anestesi10, stressnivået til våkne dyr 11, samt potensielle ikke-fysiologiske gjenstander, for eksempel hjertepulsasjon og respiratoriske bevegelser 12,13,14,15. Selv om mange etterbehandlingsmetoder er utviklet for å gi en retrospektiv analyse av fMRI-signalet for oppgaverelatert og hviletilstand funksjonell dynamikk og tilkoblingskartlegging16,17,18,19, er det få teknikker for å gi en sanntids hjernefunksjonskartleggingsløsning og øyeblikkelige avlesninger i dyrehjernen 20 (hvorav de fleste hovedsakelig brukes til kartlegging av menneskelig hjerne 21, 22,23,24,25,26,27). Spesielt mangler denne typen sanntids fMRI-kartleggingsmetode i dyreforsøk. Det er nødvendig å sette opp en fMRI-plattform for å muliggjøre undersøkelse av sanntids hjernetilstandsavhengige fysiologiske stadier og å gi sanntids biofeedback-stimuleringsparadigme for dyrehjernefunksjonelle studier.
I dette arbeidet illustrerer vi et sanntids fMRI-eksperimentelt oppsett med de tilpassede makrofunksjonene til MR-konsollprogramvaren, som demonstrerer sanntidsovervåking av de fremkalte BOLD-fMRI-responsene i den primære forepaw somatosensoriske cortex (FP-S1) hos de bedøvede rottene. Dette sanntidsoppsettet muliggjør visualisering av den pågående hjerneaktiveringen i funksjonelle kart, samt individuelle tidskurs på en voxel-vis måte, ved hjelp av den eksisterende neuroimage-analyseprogramvaren, Analysis of Functional NeuroImages (AFNI)28. Utarbeidelsen av sanntids fMRI-eksperimentelt oppsett for dyrestudien er beskrevet i protokollen. I tillegg til dyreoppsettet, tilbyr vi detaljerte prosedyrer for å sette opp visualisering og analyse av sanntids fMRI-signaler ved hjelp av den nyeste konsollprogramvaren parallelt med bildebehandlingsskriptene. Oppsummert er det foreslåtte sanntids fMRI-oppsettet for dyreforsøk et kraftig verktøy for å overvåke de dynamiske fMRI-signalene i dyrehjernen ved hjelp av MR-konsollsystemet.

<table>
	<tbody>
		<tr>
			<td>14.1T Bruker MRI system</td>
			<td>Bruker BioSpin MRI GmbH</td>
			<td>N/A</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>A365 Stimulus Isolator</td>
			<td>World Precision Instruments</td>
			<td>N/A</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>AcqKnowledge Software</td>
			<td>Biopac</td>
			<td>RRID:SCR_014279, http://www.biopac.com/product/acqknowledge-software/</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>AFNI</td>
			<td>Cox, 1996</td>
			<td>RRID:SCR_005927, http://afni.nimh.nih.gov</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>CO2SMO (ETCO2/SpO2 Monitor), Model 7100</td>
			<td>Novametrix Medical Systems Inc</td>
			<td>N/A</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Isoflurane</td>
			<td>CP-Pharma</td>
			<td>Cat# 1214</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Master-9</td>
			<td>A.M.P.I</td>
			<td>N/A</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Nanoliter Injector</td>
			<td>World Precision Instruments</td>
			<td>Cat# NANOFIL</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Pancuronium Bromide</td>
			<td>Inresa Arzneimittel</td>
			<td>Cat# 34409.00.00</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>ParaVision 6</td>
			<td>Bruker BioSpin MRI GmbH</td>
			<td>RRID:SCR_001964</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Phosphate Buffered Saline (PBS)</td>
			<td>Gibco</td>
			<td>Cat# 10010-023</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Rat: Sprague Dawley rat</td>
			<td>Charles River Laboratories</td>
			<td>Crl:CD(SD)</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>SAR-830/AP Ventilator</td>
			<td>CWE</td>
			<td>N/A</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>&#945;-chloralose</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td>Cat# C0128-25G;RRID</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

real-time fmri brain mapping in animals

Dynamiske fMRI-responser varierer i stor grad i henhold til de fysiologiske forholdene til dyr enten under anestesi eller i våken tilstand. Vi utviklet en sanntids fMRI-plattform for å veilede eksperimenter for å overvåke fMRI-responser umiddelbart under oppkjøpet, som kan brukes til å modifisere dyrenes fysiologi for å oppnå ønskede hemodynamiske responser i dyrehjerner. Sanntids fMRI-oppsettet er basert på et 14.1T preklinisk MR-system, noe som muliggjør sanntidskartlegging av dynamiske fMRI-responser i den primære forepaw somatosensoriske cortex (FP-S1) av bedøvede rotter. I stedet for en retrospektiv analyse for å undersøke forstyrrende kilder som fører til variabiliteten av fMRI-signaler, gir sanntids fMRI-plattformen et mer effektivt skjema for å identifisere dynamiske fMRI-svar ved hjelp av tilpassede makrofunksjoner og en felles neuroimage-analyseprogramvare i MR-systemet. Det gir også umiddelbar feilsøkingsmulighet og et sanntids biofeedback-stimuleringsparadigme for hjernefunksjonelle studier hos dyr.

Figur 3 og figur 4 viser et representativt sanntids voxel-klokt BOLD-fMRI-tidsforløp og funksjonskart med elektrisk forepaw-stimulering (3 Hz, 4 s, pulsbredde 300 us, 2,5 mA). fMRI-designparadigmet består av 10 prestimuleringsskanninger, 3 stimuleringsskanninger og 12 interstimuleringsskanninger med totalt 8 epoker (130 skanninger). Den totale skannetiden er 3 min 15 sek (195 sek). Figur 3 viser den voxel-kloke tidsbanen (svart li...

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Real-Time fMRI Brain Mapping in Animals

Funksjonell kartlegging av dyrehjernen kan dra nytte av sanntids funksjonell magnetisk resonans imaging (fMRI) eksperimentell oppsett. Ved hjelp av den nyeste programvaren implementert i MR-systemet for dyr, etablerte vi en sanntidsovervåkingsplattform for fMRI for små dyr.

Sanntids fMRI-hjernekartlegging hos dyr

Dynamic fMRI responses vary largely according to the physiological conditions of animals either under anesthesia or in awake states. We developed a ...

Research

JoVE Journal

Neuroscience

Simultaneous fMRI and Electrophysiology in the Rodent Brain

To examine the neural basis of the blood oxygenation level dependent (BOLD) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) signal, we have developed a rodent model in ...

Combining Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation and fMRI to Examine the Default Mode Network

The default mode network is a group of brain regions that are active when an individual is not focused on the outside world and the brain is at "wakeful ...

Recording Human Electrocorticographic (ECoG) Signals for Neuroscientific Research and Real-time Functional Cortical Mapping

Recording Human Electrocorticographic ECoG Signals for Neuroscientific Research and Real-time Functional Cortical Mapping

Opptak menneskerettigheter Electrocorticographic (ECOG) Signaler for nevrovitenskapelig forskning og Real-time Funksjonell kortikal Mapping

Neuroimaging studies of human cognitive, sensory, and motor processes are usually based on noninvasive techniques such as electroencephalography (EEG), ...

Design and Assembly of an Ultra-light Motorized Microdrive for Chronic Neural Recordings in Small Animals

The ability to chronically record from populations of neurons in freely behaving animals has proven an invaluable tool for dissecting the function of ...

Functional Imaging of Auditory Cortex in Adult Cats using High-field fMRI

Funksjonell Imaging av auditive cortex hos voksne katter ved hjelp av høy-feltet fMRI

Current knowledge of sensory processing in the mammalian auditory system is mainly derived from electrophysiological studies in a variety of animal ...

Deep Brain Stimulation with Simultaneous fMRI in Rodents

Dyp hjernestimulering med Simultaneous fMRI i Gnagere

In order to visualize the global and downstream neuronal responses to deep brain stimulation (DBS) at various targets, we have developed a protocol for ...

Rapid Genotyping of Animals Followed by Establishing Primary Cultures of Brain Neurons

Rapid Genotyping av Dyr Fulgt av Etablering Primære Kulturer av hjernens nerveceller

High-resolution analysis of the morphology and function of mammalian neurons often requires the genotyping of individual animals followed by the analysis ...

An Ex Vivo Laser-induced Spinal Cord Injury Model to Assess Mechanisms of Axonal Degeneration in Real-time

An Ex Vivo Laser-induced Spinal Cord Injury Model to Assess Mechanisms of Axonal Degeneration in Real-time

En<em&gt; Ex Vivo</em&gt; Laser-indusert ryggmargsskade Model å vurdere Mekanismer av aksonal degenerasjon i sanntid

Injured CNS axons fail to regenerate and often retract away from the injury site. Axons spared from the initial injury may later undergo secondary axonal ...

A Protocol for the Administration of Real-Time fMRI Neurofeedback Training

En protokoll for administrasjon av Real-Time fMRI Neurofeedback opplæring

Neurologic disorders are characterized by abnormal cellular-, molecular-, and circuit-level functions in the brain. New methods to induce and control ...

Real-time Iontophoresis with Tetramethylammonium to Quantify Volume Fraction and Tortuosity of Brain Extracellular Space

Real-time Iontophoresis med tetrametylammonium for å kvantifisere volumfraksjon og tortuositet i hjernens ekstracellulære rom

This review describes the basic concepts and protocol to perform the real-time iontophoresis (RTI) method, the gold-standard to explore and quantify the ...