Name: quantitative sers detection of uric acid via formation of precise plasmonic nanojunctions within aggregates of gold nanoparticles and cucurbit[n]uril
Uploaded: 2020-10-03T13:00:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Quantitative SERS Detection of Uric Acid via Formation of Precise Plasmonic Nanojunctions within Aggregates of Gold Nanoparticles and Cucurbit[n]uril at JoVE.

A TCL agradece o apoio do Royal Society Research Grant 2016 R1 (RG150551) e do Prêmio líder futuro da UCL BEAMS financiado através do prêmio de Patrocínio Institucional da EPSRC (EP/P511262/1). WiKC, TCL e IPP agradecem ao Studentship financiado pelo Programa de Anexo de Pesquisa A*STAR-UCL através do CDT EPSRC M3S (EP/L015862/1). A GD e a TJ agradecem ao CDT EPSRC M3S (EP/L015862/1) pelo patrocínio de sua discuagem. TJ e TCL reconhecem a Camtech Innovations por contribuição ao ensino do TJ. Todos os autores são gratos ao Fundo de Acesso Aberto da UCL.

1. Síntese de Au NPs
<ol><li>Síntese de sementes de Au através do método turkevich convencional26<ol>
<li>Prepare 10 mL de solução HAuCl4 de 25 mM dissolvendo 98,5 mg de HAuCl4· 3H2O precursor com 10 mL de água deionizada em um frasco de vidro. NOTA: Transfira uma pequena quantidade de precursor do HAuCl4 em um barco de pesagem e use uma espátula de plástico em vez de espátula metálica para pesar os cristais porque o precursor HAuCl...

<ol>
	<li>Villa, J. E. L., Poppi, R. J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=A+portable+SERS+method+for+the+determination+of+uric+acid+using+a+paper-based+substrate+and+multivariate+curve+resolution.">A portable SERS method for the determination of uric acid using a paper-based substrate and multivariate curve resolution.</a> Analyst. 141 (6), 1966-1972 (2016).</li><li>Westley, C., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Absolute+Quantification+of+Uric+Acid+in+Human+Urine+Using+Surface+Enhanced+Raman+Scattering+with+the+Standard+Addition+Method.">Absolute Quantification of Uric Acid in Human Urine Using Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering with the Standard Addition Method.</a> Analytical Chemistry. 89 (4), 2472-2477 (2017).</li><li>Zhao, L., Blackburn, J., Brosseau, C. L. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Quantitative+Detection+of+Uric+Acid+by+Electrochemical-Surface+Enhanced+Raman+Spectroscopy+Using+a+Multilayered+Au/Ag+Substrate.">Quantitative Detection of Uric Acid by Electrochemical-Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy Using a Multilayered Au/Ag Substrate.</a> Analytical Chemistry. 87 (1), 441-447 (2015).</li><li>Goodall, B. L., Robinson, A. M., Brosseau, C. L. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Electrochemical-surface+enhanced+Raman+spectroscopy+(E-SERS)+of+uric+acid:+a+potential+rapid+diagnostic+method+for+early+preeclampsia+detection.">Electrochemical-surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (E-SERS) of uric acid: a potential rapid diagnostic method for early preeclampsia detection.</a> Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics. 15 (5), 1382-1388 (2013).</li><li>Lytvyn, Y., Perkins, B. A., Cherney, D. Z. I. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Uric+Acid+as+a+Biomarker+and+a+Therapeutic+Target+in+Diabetes.">Uric Acid as a Biomarker and a Therapeutic Target in Diabetes.</a> Canadian Journal of Diabetes. 39 (3), 239-246 (2015).</li><li>Ali, S. M. U., Ibupoto, Z. H., Kashif, M., Hashim, U., Willander, M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=A+Potentiometric+Indirect+Uric+Acid+Sensor+Based+on+ZnO+Nanoflakes+and+Immobilized+Uricase.">A Potentiometric Indirect Uric Acid Sensor Based on ZnO Nanoflakes and Immobilized Uricase.</a> Sensors. 12 (3), 2787-2797 (2012).</li><li>Yu, J., Wang, S., Ge, L., Ge, S. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=A+novel+chemiluminescence+paper+microfluidic+biosensor+based+on+enzymatic+reaction+for+uric+acid+determination.">A novel chemiluminescence paper microfluidic biosensor based on enzymatic reaction for uric acid determination.</a> Biosensors and Bioelectronics. 26 (7), 3284-3289 (2011).</li><li>Yang, Y. D. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Simultaneous+determination+of+creatine,+uric+acid,+creatinine+and+hippuric+acid+in+urine+by+high+performance+liquid+chromatography.">Simultaneous determination of creatine, uric acid, creatinine and hippuric acid in urine by high performance liquid chromatography.</a> Biomedical Chromatography. 12 (2), 47-49 (1999).</li><li>Zhao, S., Wang, J., Ye, F., Liu, Y. M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Determination+of+uric+acid+in+human+urine+and+serum+by+capillary+electrophoresis+with+chemiluminescence+detection.">Determination of uric acid in human urine and serum by capillary electrophoresis with chemiluminescence detection.</a> Analytical Biochemistry. 378 (2), 127-131 (2008).</li><li>Fang, Y., Seong, N. H., Dlott, D. D. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Measurement+of+the+Distribution+of+Site+Enhancements+in+Surface-Enhanced+Raman+Scattering.">Measurement of the Distribution of Site Enhancements in Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering.</a> Science. 321 (5887), 388-392 (2008).</li><li>Jeong, H. H., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Dispersion+and+shape+engineered+plasmonic+nanosensors.">Dispersion and shape engineered plasmonic nanosensors.</a> Nature Communications. 7, 11331 (2016).</li><li>Alula, M. T., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Preparation+of+silver+nanoparticles+coated+ZnO/Fe3O4+composites+using+chemical+reduction+method+for+sensitive+detection+of+uric+acid+via+surface-enhanced+Raman+spectroscopy.">Preparation of silver nanoparticles coated ZnO/Fe3O4 composites using chemical reduction method for sensitive detection of uric acid via surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy.</a> Analytica Chimica Acta. 1073, 62-71 (2019).</li><li>Bast&#250;s, N. G., Comenge, J., Puntes, V. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Kinetically+Controlled+Seeded+Growth+Synthesis+of+Citrate-Stabilized+Gold+Nanoparticles+of+up+to+200+nm:+Size+Focusing+versus+Ostwald+Ripening.">Kinetically Controlled Seeded Growth Synthesis of Citrate-Stabilized Gold Nanoparticles of up to 200 nm: Size Focusing versus Ostwald Ripening.</a> Langmuir. 27 (17), 11098-11105 (2011).</li><li>Jeong, H. H., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Selectable+Nanopattern+Arrays+for+Nanolithographic+Imprint+and+Etch-Mask+Applications.">Selectable Nanopattern Arrays for Nanolithographic Imprint and Etch-Mask Applications.</a> Advanced Science. 2 (7), 1500016 (2016).</li><li>Loh, X. J., Lee, T. C., Dou, Q., Deen, G. R. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Utilising+inorganic+nanocarriers+for+gene+delivery.">Utilising inorganic nanocarriers for gene delivery.</a> Biomaterials Science. 4 (1), 70-86 (2016).</li><li>Celiz, A. D., Lee, T. C., Scherman, O. A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Polymer-Mediated+Dispersion+of+Gold+Nanoparticles:+Using+Supramolecular+Moieties+on+the+Periphery.">Polymer-Mediated Dispersion of Gold Nanoparticles: Using Supramolecular Moieties on the Periphery.</a> Advanced Materials. 21 (38), 3937-3940 (2009).</li><li>Lee, T. C., Scherman, O. A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Formation+of+Dynamic+Aggregates+in+Water+by+Cucurbit[5]uril+Capped+with+Gold+Nanoparticles.">Formation of Dynamic Aggregates in Water by Cucurbit[5]uril Capped with Gold Nanoparticles.</a> ChemComm. 46 (14), 2438-2440 (2010).</li><li>Lee, T. C., Scherman, O. A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=A+Facile+Synthesis+of+Dynamic+Supramolecular+Aggregates+of+Cucurbit[n]uril+(n+=+5-8)+Capped+with+Gold+Nanoparticles+in+Aqueous+Media.">A Facile Synthesis of Dynamic Supramolecular Aggregates of Cucurbit[n]uril (n = 5-8) Capped with Gold Nanoparticles in Aqueous Media.</a> Chemistry-A European Journal. 18 (6), 1628-1633 (2012).</li><li>Taylor, R. W., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Precise+Subnanometer+Plasmonic+Junctions+for+SERS+within+Gold+Nano-+particle+Assemblies+Using+Cucurbit[n]uril+"Glue".">Precise Subnanometer Plasmonic Junctions for SERS within Gold Nano- particle Assemblies Using Cucurbit[n]uril "Glue".</a> ACS Nano. 5 (5), 3878-3887 (2011).</li><li>Peveler, W. J., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Cucurbituril-mediated+quantum+dot+aggregates+formed+by+aqueous+self-assembly+for+sensing+applications.">Cucurbituril-mediated quantum dot aggregates formed by aqueous self-assembly for sensing applications.</a> ChemComm. 55 (38), 5495-5498 (2019).</li><li>Chio, W. I. K., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Selective+Detection+of+Nitroexplosives+Using+Molecular+Recognition+within+Self-Assembled+Plasmonic+Nanojunctions.">Selective Detection of Nitroexplosives Using Molecular Recognition within Self-Assembled Plasmonic Nanojunctions.</a> The Journal of Physical Chemistry C. 123 (25), 15769-15776 (2019).</li><li>Kasera, S., Biedermann, F., Baumberg, J. J., Scherman, O. A., Mahajan, S. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Quantitative+SERS+Using+the+Sequestration+of+Small+Molecules+Inside+Precise+Plasmonic+Nanoconstructs.">Quantitative SERS Using the Sequestration of Small Molecules Inside Precise Plasmonic Nanoconstructs.</a> Nano Letters. 12 (11), 5924-5928 (2012).</li><li>Taylor, R. W., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=In+Situ+SERS+Monitoring+of+Photochemistry+within+a+Nanojunction+Reactor.">In Situ SERS Monitoring of Photochemistry within a Nanojunction Reactor.</a> Nano Letters. 13 (12), 5985-5990 (2013).</li><li>Kasera, S., Herrmann, L. O., Barrio, J. d., Baumberg, J. J., Scherman, O. A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Quantitative+Multiplexing+with+Nano-Self-Assemblies+in+SERS.">Quantitative Multiplexing with Nano-Self-Assemblies in SERS.</a> Scientific Reports. 4, 6785 (2014).</li><li>Chio, W. I. K., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Dual-triggered+nanoaggregates+of+cucurbit[7]uril+and+gold+nanoparticles+for+multi-spectroscopic+quantification+of+creatinine+in+urinalysis.">Dual-triggered nanoaggregates of cucurbit[7]uril and gold nanoparticles for multi-spectroscopic quantification of creatinine in urinalysis.</a> Journal of Materials Chemistry C. 8, 7051-7058 (2020).</li><li>Turkevich, J., Stevenson, P. C., Hillier, J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=A+study+of+the+nucleation+and+growth+processes+in+the+synthesis+of+colloidal+gold.">A study of the nucleation and growth processes in the synthesis of colloidal gold.</a> Discussions of the Faraday Society. 11, 55-75 (1951).</li><li>Lagona, J., Mukhopadhyay, P., Chakrabarti, S., Issacs, L. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+cucurbit[n]uril+family.">The cucurbit[n]uril family.</a> Angewandte Chemie International Edition. 44 (31), 4844-4870 (2005).</li><li>. OceanView Installation and Operation Manual Available from: <a target="_blank" href="https://www.oceaninsight.com/globalassets/catalog-blocks-and-images/manuals--instruction-old-logo/software/oceanviewio.pdf">https://www.oceaninsight.com/globalassets/catalog-blocks-and-images/manuals--instruction-old-logo/software/oceanviewio.pdf</a> (2013)</li><li>Mahajan, S., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Raman+and+SERS+spectroscopy+of+cucurbit[n]urils.">Raman and SERS spectroscopy of cucurbit[n]urils.</a> Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics. 12 (35), 10429-10433 (2010).</li><li>Langer, J., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Present+and+Future+of+Surface-Enhanced+Raman+Scattering.">Present and Future of Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering.</a> ACS Nano. 14 (1), 28-117 (2020).</li><li>Pilot, R., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=A+Review+on+Surface-Enhanced+Raman+Scattering.">A Review on Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering.</a> Biosensors. 9 (2), 57 (2019).</li><li>Bantz, K. C., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Recent+progress+in+SERS+biosensing.">Recent progress in SERS biosensing.</a> Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics. 13 (24), 11551-11567 (2011).</li><li>Moore, T. J., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=In+Vitro+and+In+Vivo+SERS+Biosensing+for+Disease+Diagnosis.">In Vitro and In Vivo SERS Biosensing for Disease Diagnosis.</a> Biosensors. 8 (2), 46 (2018).</li><li>Bonifacio, A., Cervo, S., Sergo, V. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Label-free+surface-enhanced+Raman+spectroscopy+of+biofluids:+fundamental+aspects+and+diagnostic+applications.">Label-free surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy of biofluids: fundamental aspects and diagnostic applications.</a> Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry. 407 (27), 8265-8277 (2015).</li><li>Jeong, H. H., Choi, E., Ellis, E., Lee, T. C. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Recent+advances+in+gold+nanoparticles+for+biomedical+applications:+from+hybrid+structures+to+multi-functionality.">Recent advances in gold nanoparticles for biomedical applications: from hybrid structures to multi-functionality.</a> Journal of Materials Chemistry B. 7 (22), 3480-3496 (2019).</li><li>Premasiri, W. R., Clarke, R. H., Womble, M. E. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Urine+Analysis+by+Laser+Raman+Spectroscopy.">Urine Analysis by Laser Raman Spectroscopy.</a> Lasers in Surgery and Medicine. 28 (4), 330-334 (2001).</li><li>Lu, Y., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Superhydrophobic+silver+film+as+a+SERS+substrate+for+the+detection+of+uric+acid+and+creatinine.">Superhydrophobic silver film as a SERS substrate for the detection of uric acid and creatinine.</a> Biomedical Optics Express. 9 (10), 4988-4997 (2018).</li><li>Feig, D. I., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Serum+Uric+Acid:+A+Risk+Factor+and+a+Target+for+Treatment.">Serum Uric Acid: A Risk Factor and a Target for Treatment.</a> Journal of the American Society of Nephrology. 17 (4), 69-73 (2006).</li><li>Maiuolo, J., Oppedisano, F., Gratteri, S., Muscoli, C., Mollace, V. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Regulation+of+uric+acid+metabolism+and+excretion.">Regulation of uric acid metabolism and excretion.</a> International Journal of Cardiology. 213, 8-14 (2016).</li></ol>

O método de síntese automatizada descrito no protocolo permite que os Au NPs de tamanhos crescentes sejam reproduzidos. Embora existam alguns elementos que ainda precisam ser realizados manualmente, como a rápida adição de citrato de sódio durante a síntese de sementes e a verificação periódica para garantir que a tubulação PEEK seja segura, este método permite NPs Au de grandes tamanhos (até 40 nm), o que normalmente exigiria múltiplas injeções manuais de HAuCl4 e citrato de sódio, para ser...

O ácido úrico, que é o produto final do metabolismo de nucleotídeos de purina, é um importante biomarcador no soro sanguíneo e na urina para o diagnóstico de doenças como gota, pré-eclâmpsia, doenças renais, hipertensão, doenças cardiovasculares e diabetes 1,2,3,4,5. Os métodos atuais para detecção de ácido úrico incluem ensaios enzimáticos colorimétricos, cromatografia líquida de alto desempenho e eletroforese capilar, que são demorados, caros e requerem uma preparação amostral sofisticada 6,7,8,9.
A espectroscopia raman aprimorada na superfície é uma técnica promissora para o diagnóstico rotineiro de ponto de cuidado, pois permite a detecção seletiva de biomoléculas através de suas impressões digitais de vibração e oferece inúmeras vantagens como alta sensibilidade, resposta rápida, facilidade de uso e sem preparação ou mínima de amostras. Substratos sers baseados em nanopartículas metálicas nobres (por exemplo, NPs Au) podem aumentar os sinais de Raman das moléculas de analito em 4 a 10 ordens de magnitude10 através de forte aprimoramento eletromagnético causado pela ressonância de plasmon de superfície11. Os Au NPs de tamanhos sob medida podem ser facilmente sintetizados em oposição à fabricação demorada de nanocompositos metálicos complexos12, e, portanto, são amplamente utilizados em aplicações biomédicas devido às suas propriedades superiores 13,14,15,16. Apego de moléculas macrocíclicas, cucurbit[n]urils (CBn, onde n = 5-8, 10), na superfície dos NPs Au podem melhorar ainda mais os sinais sers das moléculas de analito, pois as moléculas de CB altamente simétricas e rígidas podem controlar o espaçamento preciso entre os Au NPs e localizar as moléculas de analito no centro ou nas proximidades dos hotspots plasmônicos através da formação de complexos hospedeiros-convidados (Figura 1)17, 18,19,20. Exemplos anteriores de estudos do SERS utilizando Au NP: CBn nanoagreguras incluem nitroexplosivos, aromáticos policíclicos, diaminostilbena, neurotransmissores e creatinina 21,22,23,24,25, com as medidas sers sendo realizadas em uma cuvette ou carregando uma pequena gota em um portador de amostra personalizado. Este esquema de detecção é particularmente útil para quantificar rapidamente biomarcadores em uma matriz complexa com uma alta reprodutibilidade.
Aqui, um método fácil para formar complexos hospedeiros-convidados de CB7 e um importante biomarcador UA, e quantificar UA com um limite de detecção de 0,2 μM via agregações mediadas por CB7 de Au NPs em mídia aquosa foi demonstrado usando um espectrômetro modular, o que é promissor para aplicações diagnósticas e clínicas.

<table>
	<tbody>
		<tr>
			<td>40 nm gold nanoparticles</td>
			<td>NanoComposix</td>
			<td>AUCN40-100M</td>
			<td>NanoXact, 0.05 mg/ mL, bare (citrate)</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Centrifuge tube</td>
			<td>Corning Falcon</td>
			<td>14-432-22</td>
			<td>50 mL volume</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Cucurbit[7]uril</td>
			<td>Lab-made</td>
			<td></td>
			<td>see ref. 19</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Gold(III) chloride trihydrate</td>
			<td>Sigma aldrich</td>
			<td>520918</td>
			<td>&#8805;99.9% trace metals basis</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Luer lock disposable syringe</td>
			<td>Cole-Parmer</td>
			<td>WZ-07945-15</td>
			<td>3 mL volume</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Luer-to-MicroTight adapter</td>
			<td>LuerTight</td>
			<td>P-662</td>
			<td>360 &#956;m outer diameter Tubing to Luer Syringe</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>PEEK tubing</td>
			<td>IDEX</td>
			<td>1572</td>
			<td>360 &#956;m outer diameter, 150 &#956;m inner diameter</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>PEEK tubing cutter</td>
			<td>IDEX</td>
			<td>WZ-02013-30</td>
			<td>Capillary Polymer Chromatography Tubing Cutter For 360 &#181;m to 1/32&#34; OD tubing</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Raman spectrometer</td>
			<td>Ocean Optics</td>
			<td>QE pro</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Sodium citrate tribasic dihydrate</td>
			<td>Sigma aldrich</td>
			<td>S4641</td>
			<td>ACS reagent, &#8805;99.0%</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Sonicator</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Standard Probe</td>
			<td>Digi-Sense</td>
			<td>WZ-08516-55</td>
			<td>Type-K</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Syringe pump</td>
			<td>Aladdin</td>
			<td>ALADDIN2-220</td>
			<td>2 syringes, maximum syringe volume 60 mL</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Thermocouple thermometer</td>
			<td>Digi-Sense</td>
			<td>WZ-20250-91</td>
			<td>Single-Input Thermocouple Thermometer with NIST-Traceable Calibration</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>ThermoMixer</td>
			<td>Eppendorf</td>
			<td>5382000031</td>
			<td>With an Eppendorf SmartBlock for 50 mL tubes</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Uric acid</td>
			<td>Sigma aldrich</td>
			<td>U2625</td>
			<td>&#8805;99%, crystalline</td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

quantitative sers detection of uric acid via formation of precise plasmonic nanojunctions within aggregates of gold nanoparticles and cucurbit[n]uril

Este trabalho descreve um método rápido e altamente sensível para a detecção quantitativa de um importante biomarcador, ácido úrico (UA), via espectrescopia raman aumentada pela superfície (SERS) com um baixo limite de detecção de ~0,2 μM para múltiplos picos característicos na região da impressão digital, usando um espectrômetro modular. Este esquema de biosensação é mediado pela complexidade hospedeira-hóspede entre um macrociclo, cucurbit[7]uril (CB7) e UA, e a subsequente formação de nanojunções plasmônicas precisas dentro do Au NP auto-montado: nanoaggregados CB7. Uma síntese fácil de Au NP de tamanhos desejáveis para substratos SERS também foi realizada com base na abordagem clássica de redução de citratos com uma opção a ser facilitada usando um sintetizador automatizado construído em laboratório. Este protocolo pode ser facilmente estendido à detecção multiplexada de biomarcadores em fluidos corporais para aplicações clínicas.

Na síntese de Au NP apresentada, os espectros UV-Vis mostram uma mudança dos picos de LSPR de 521 nm para 529 nm após 10 passos de crescimento (Figura 4A,B) enquanto os dados do DLS mostram uma distribuição de tamanho estreito à medida que o tamanho dos NPs Au aumenta de 25,9 nm para 42,8 nm (Figura 4C,D). Os tamanhos médios de G0, G5 e G10 medidos a partir de imagens TEM (Figura 4E) são de ...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Quantitative SERS Detection of Uric Acid via Formation of Precise Plasmonic Nanojunctions within Aggregates of Gold Nanoparticles and Cucurbit[n]uril at JoVE.

Quantitative SERS Detection of Uric Acid via Formation of Precise Plasmonic Nanojunctions within Aggregates of Gold Nanoparticles and Cucurbit[n]uril

Um complexo hospedeiro-convidado de cucurbit[7]uril e ácido úrico foi formado em uma solução aquosa antes de adicionar uma pequena quantidade em solução Au NP para a espectróscopia raman (SERS) com visão quantitativa de Raman (SERS) com um espectrômetro modular.

Detecção quantitativa de sers de ácido úrico através da formação de nanojunções plasmônicas precisas dentro de Agregados de Nanopartículas de Ouro e Cucurbit[n]uril

This work describes a rapid and highly sensitive method for the quantitative detection of an important biomarker, uric acid (UA), via surface-enhanced ...

Research

JoVE Journal

Chemistry

Quantitative SERS Detection of Uric Acid via Formation of Precise Plasmonic Nanojunctions within Aggregates of Gold Nanoparticles and Cucurbit[n]uril

Template Directed Synthesis of Plasmonic Gold Nanotubes with Tunable IR Absorbance

Dirigido modelo de síntese de nanotubos de Ouro plasmônicos com Absorbância IR Tunable

A nearly parallel array of pores can be produced by anodizing aluminum foils in acidic environments1, 2. Applications of anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) ...

Química

Preparation of Silica Nanoparticles Through Microwave-assisted Acid-catalysis

Microwave-assisted synthetic techniques were used to quickly and reproducibly produce silica nanoparticle sols using an acid catalyst with nanoparticle ...

A Simple Method for the Size Controlled Synthesis of Stable Oligomeric Clusters of Gold Nanoparticles under Ambient Conditions

Um método simples para o tamanho Síntese controlada de estáveis ​​Oligoméricas Clusters de nanopartículas em condições ambientais

Reducing dilute aqueous HAuCl4 with sodium thiocyanate (NaSCN) under alkaline conditions produces 2 to 3 nm diameter nanoparticles. Stable grape-like ...

Synthesis of Ligand-free CdS Nanoparticles within a Sulfur Copolymer Matrix

Síntese de CDs Nanopartículas sem ligando dentro de uma matriz de copolímero de Enxofre

Aliphatic ligands are typically used during the synthesis of nanoparticles to help mediate their growth in addition to operating as high-temperature ...

Hydroquinone Based Synthesis of Gold Nanorods

Hidroquinona baseada Síntese de ouro Nanorods

Gold nanorods are an important kind of nanoparticles characterized by peculiar plasmonic properties. Despite their widespread use in nanotechnology, the ...

An Optimized Protocol for the Efficient Radiolabeling of Gold Nanoparticles by Using a 125I-labeled Azide Prosthetic Group

An Optimized Protocol for the Efficient Radiolabeling of Gold Nanoparticles by Using a 125I-labeled Azide Prosthetic Group

Um protocolo otimizado para a radiomarcação eficiente de nanopartículas de ouro usando um<sup&gt; 125</sup&gt; Marcado com Eu Azida grupo prostético

Here, we demonstrate a detailed protocol for the radiosynthesis of a 125I-labeled azide prosthetic group and its application to the efficient ...

Luminophore Formation in Various Conformations of Bovine Serum Albumin by Binding of Gold(III)

Luminophore Formation in Various Conformations of Bovine Serum Albumin by Binding of GoldIII

Lumíforo formação em várias conformações de albumina de soro bovino por ligação de Gold(III)

The purpose of the presented protocols is to study the process of Au(III) binding to BSA, yielding conformation change-induced red fluorescence (&#955;em ...

Synthesis and Characterization of Amphiphilic Gold Nanoparticles

Síntese e caracterização de nanopartículas de ouro Anfífilos

Gold nanoparticles covered with a mixture of 1-octanethiol (OT) and 11-mercapto-1-undecane sulfonic acid (MUS) have been extensively studied because of ...

Assembly of Gold Nanorods into Chiral Plasmonic Metamolecules Using DNA Origami Templates

Montagem de Nanobastões de Ouro em Metamoléculas Plasmônicas Quirais Usando Modelos de Origami de DNA

The inherent addressability of DNA origami structures makes them ideal templates for the arrangement of metal nanoparticles into complex plasmonic ...

Performing Spectroscopy on Plasmonic Nanoparticles with Transmission-Based Nomarski-Type Differential Interference Contrast Microscopy

Realização de espectroscopia em nanopartículas Plasmonicas com microscopia de contraste de interferência diferencial de tipo Nomarski baseado em transmissão