Name: electric-field-induced neural precursor cell differentiation in microfluidic devices
Uploaded: 2021-04-14T14:00:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Electric-Field-Induced Neural Precursor Cell Differentiation in Microfluidic Devices at JoVE.com

作者感谢西尼卡学院生物医学研究所的唐K.唐教授在提供小鼠神经干细胞和祖细胞（mNPC）方面的帮助。作者还感谢唐克唐教授和李英山女士就跨国公司的区别化问题进行了宝贵的讨论。

1. MOE 芯片的设计和制造
<ol><li>使用适当的软件（图1A，材料表）绘制单个聚甲基甲基酸酯（PMMA）层和双面胶带的图案。用 CO2 激光机抄写机（图 1B）切割 PMMA 板材和双面胶带。<ol>
<li>打开 CO2 激光抄写机并将其连接到个人计算机。使用软件打开设计模式文件。</li>
		<li>将 PMMA 板（275 mm x 400 mm）或双面胶带（210 mm x 297 mm）放...

<ol>
	<li>Chang, H. F., Lee, Y. S., Tang, T. K., Cheng, J. Y. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Pulsed+DC+electric+field-induced+differentiation+of+cortical+neural+precursor+cells.">Pulsed DC electric field-induced differentiation of cortical neural precursor cells.</a> PLoS One. 11 (6), e0158133 (2016).</li><li>Li, S., Li, H., Wang, Z. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Orientation+of+spiral+ganglion+neurite+extension+in+electrical+fields+of+charge-balanced+biphasic+pulses+and+direct+current+in+vitro.">Orientation of spiral ganglion neurite extension in electrical fields of charge-balanced biphasic pulses and direct current in vitro.</a> Hearing research. 267 (1-2), 111-118 (2010).</li><li>Rajnicek, A. M., Robinson, K. R., McCaig, C. D. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+direction+of+neurite+growth+in+a+weak+DC+electric+field+depends+on+the+substratum:+contributions+of+adhesivity+and+net+surface+charge.">The direction of neurite growth in a weak DC electric field depends on the substratum: contributions of adhesivity and net surface charge.</a> Developmental biology. 203 (2), 412-423 (1998).</li><li>Kim, Y. H., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Differential+regulation+of+proliferation+and+differentiation+in+neural+precursor+cells+by+the+Jak+pathway.">Differential regulation of proliferation and differentiation in neural precursor cells by the Jak pathway.</a> Stem Cells. 28 (10), 1816-1828 (2010).</li><li>Cunha, F., Rajnicek, A. M., McCaig, C. D. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Electrical+stimulation+directs+migration,+enhances+and+orients+cell+division+and+upregulates+the+chemokine+receptors+CXCR4+and+CXCR2+in+endothelial+cells.">Electrical stimulation directs migration, enhances and orients cell division and upregulates the chemokine receptors CXCR4 and CXCR2 in endothelial cells.</a> Journal of Vascular Research. 56 (1), 39-53 (2019).</li><li>Chang, H. F., Cheng, H. T., Chen, H. Y., Yeung, W. K., Cheng, J. Y. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Doxycycline+inhibits+electric+field-induced+migration+of+non-small+cell+lung+cancer+(NSCLC)+cells.">Doxycycline inhibits electric field-induced migration of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells.</a> Scientific Reports. 9 (1), 8094 (2019).</li><li>Tsai, H. F., Peng, S. W., Wu, C. Y., Chang, H. F., Cheng, J. Y. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Electrotaxis+of+oral+squamous+cell+carcinoma+cells+in+a+multiple-electric-field+chip+with+uniform+flow+field.">Electrotaxis of oral squamous cell carcinoma cells in a multiple-electric-field chip with uniform flow field.</a> Biomicrofluidics. 6 (3), 34116 (2012).</li><li>Huang, C. W., Cheng, J. Y., Yen, M. H., Young, T. H. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Electrotaxis+of+lung+cancer+cells+in+a+multiple-electric-field+chip.">Electrotaxis of lung cancer cells in a multiple-electric-field chip.</a> Biosensors and Bioelectronics. 24 (12), 3510-3516 (2009).</li><li>Jing, W., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Study+of+electrical+stimulation+with+different+electric-field+intensities+in+the+regulation+of+the+differentiation+of+PC12+cells.">Study of electrical stimulation with different electric-field intensities in the regulation of the differentiation of PC12 cells.</a> American Chemical Society Chemical Neuroscience. 10 (1), 348-357 (2019).</li><li>Guo, W., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Self-powered+electrical+stimulation+for+enhancing+neural+differentiation+of+mesenchymal+stem+cells+on+graphene-poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)+hybrid+microfibers.">Self-powered electrical stimulation for enhancing neural differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells on graphene-poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) hybrid microfibers.</a> American Chemical Society Nano. 10 (5), 5086-5095 (2016).</li><li>Manabe, M., Mie, M., Yanagida, Y., Aizawa, M., Kobatake, E. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Combined+effect+of+electrical+stimulation+and+cisplatin+in+HeLa+cell+death.">Combined effect of electrical stimulation and cisplatin in HeLa cell death.</a> Biotechnology and Bioengineering. 86 (6), 661-666 (2004).</li><li>Liu, M., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Protective+effect+of+moderate+exogenous+electric+field+stimulation+on+activating+netrin-1/DCC+expression+against+mechanical+stretch-induced+injury+in+spinal+cord+neurons.">Protective effect of moderate exogenous electric field stimulation on activating netrin-1/DCC expression against mechanical stretch-induced injury in spinal cord neurons.</a> Neurotoxicity Research. 34 (2), 285-294 (2018).</li><li>Haan, N., Song, B. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Therapeutic+application+of+electric+fields+in+the+injured+nervous+system.">Therapeutic application of electric fields in the injured nervous system.</a> Advances in Wound Care. 3 (2), 156-165 (2014).</li><li>Ariza, C. A., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+influence+of+electric+fields+on+hippocampal+neural+progenitor+cells.">The influence of electric fields on hippocampal neural progenitor cells.</a> Stem Cell Reviews and Reports. 6 (4), 585-600 (2010).</li><li>Huang, C. W., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Gene+expression+of+human+lung+cancer+cell+line+CL1-5+in+response+to+a+direct+current+electric+field.">Gene expression of human lung cancer cell line CL1-5 in response to a direct current electric field.</a> PLoS One. 6 (10), e25928 (2011).</li><li>Sun, Y. S., Peng, S. W., Lin, K. H., Cheng, J. Y. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Electrotaxis+of+lung+cancer+cells+in+ordered+three-dimensional+scaffolds.">Electrotaxis of lung cancer cells in ordered three-dimensional scaffolds.</a> Biomicrofluidics. 6 (1), 14102-14114 (2012).</li><li>Hou, H. S., Chang, H. F., Cheng, J. Y. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Electrotaxis+studies+of+lung+cancer+cells+using+a+multichannel+dual-electric-field+microfluidic+chip.">Electrotaxis studies of lung cancer cells using a multichannel dual-electric-field microfluidic chip.</a> Journal of Visualized Experiments. 106, e53340 (2015).</li><li>Cheng, J. Y., Yen, M. H., Hsu, W. C., Jhang, J. H., Young, T. H. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=ITO+patterning+by+a+low+power+Q-switched+green+laser+and+its+use+in+the+fabrication+of+a+transparent+flow+meter.">ITO patterning by a low power Q-switched green laser and its use in the fabrication of a transparent flow meter.</a> Journal of Micromechanics and Microengineering. 17 (11), 2316-2323 (2007).</li><li>Cheng, J. Y., Yen, M. H., Kuo, C. T., Young, T. H. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=A+transparent+cell-culture+microchamber+with+a+variably+controlled+concentration+gradient+generator+and+flow+field+rectifier.">A transparent cell-culture microchamber with a variably controlled concentration gradient generator and flow field rectifier.</a> Biomicrofluidics. 2 (2), 24105 (2008).</li><li>Fuhr, G., Shirley, S. G. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Cell+handling+and+characterization+using+micron+and+submicron+electrode+arrays:+state+of+the+art+and+perspectives+of+semiconductor+microtools.">Cell handling and characterization using micron and submicron electrode arrays: state of the art and perspectives of semiconductor microtools.</a> Journal of Micromechanics and Microengineering. 5 (2), 77-85 (1995).</li><li>AChang, K. A., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Biphasic+electrical+currents+stimulation+promotes+both+proliferation+and+differentiation+of+fetal+neural+stem+cells.">Biphasic electrical currents stimulation promotes both proliferation and differentiation of fetal neural stem cells.</a> PLoS One. 6 (4), e18738 (2011).</li><li>Lim, J. H., McCullen, S. D., Piedrahita, J. A., Loboa, E. G., Olby, N. J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Alternating+current+electric+fields+of+varying+frequencies:+effects+on+proliferation+and+differentiation+of+porcine+neural+progenitor+cells.">Alternating current electric fields of varying frequencies: effects on proliferation and differentiation of porcine neural progenitor cells.</a> Cell Reprogram. 15 (5), 405-412 (2013).</li></ol>

在制造 MOE 芯片时，适配器将连接到 MOE 芯片的 1 层，并带有速效氰酸酯胶水。胶水涂在适配器的 4 个角上，然后均匀地施加在适配器上。必须避免胶水过量，以确保胶水完全聚合。此外，已完成的 MOE 芯片组件在真空室中孵育。此步骤有助于消除 PMMA 层、双面胶带和盖玻璃之间的气泡。
电极材料的选择是基于这样一个事实，即氯化物离子，这是丰富的存在于中等，是电解产?...

神经前体细胞（NPC，也称为神经干细胞和祖细胞）可以作为神经退行性治疗策略1的有希望的候选人。未分化的NPC具有自我更新能力、多能性和增殖能力2、3。先前的一项研究曾报道说，细胞外基质和分子介质调节NPC的分化。表皮生长因子（EGF）和基本成纤维细胞生长因子（bFGF）促进NPC增殖，从而保持无差别状态4。
先前的研究曾报道，电刺激可以调节细胞生理活动，如第5分区、迁移6、7、8、分化1、9、10和细胞死亡11。电场在中枢神经系统发育和再生中起着至关重要的作用。从2009年至2019年，该实验室调查了EF在微流体系统1、6、7、8、15、16、17中应用的细胞反应。多通道、光学透明、电触电 （MOE） 芯片设计用于免疫荧光染色，用于共焦显微镜。该芯片具有较高的光学透明度和良好的耐用性，允许在一项研究中同时进行三次独立的刺激实验和若干免疫受污染条件。微流体系统有利于简化整体实验设置，进而有利于试剂和样品的消耗。本文描述了用于长期细胞分化研究的微流体细胞培养系统的发展。

<table border="1" fo:keep-together.within-page="1" fo:keep-with-next.within-page="always">
	<tbody>
		<tr>
			<td>1 mm PMMA substrates (Layers 1-3)</td>
			<td>BHT</td>
			<td>K2R20</td>
			<td>Polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), http://www.bothharvest.com/zh-tw/product-421076/Optical-PMMA-Non-Coated-BHT-K2Rxx-xx=-thickness-choices.html</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>15 mL plastic tube</td>
			<td>Protech Technology Enterprise Co., Ltd</td>
			<td>CT-15-PL-TW</td>
			<td>Conical bottomed tube with cap, assembled, presterilized</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>3 mL syringe</td>
			<td>TERUMO</td>
			<td>DVR-3413</td>
			<td>3 mL oral syringes, without needle</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>3 mm optical grade PMMA (Layer 5)</td>
			<td>CHI MEI Corporation</td>
			<td>ACRYPOLY PMMA Sheet</td>
			<td>Optical grade PMMA</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>3-way stopcock</td>
			<td>NIPRO</td>
			<td>NCN-3L</td>
			<td>Sterile disposable 3-way stopcock</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>5 mL syringe</td>
			<td>TERUMO</td>
			<td>DVR-3410</td>
			<td>5 mL oral syringes, without needle</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Adaptor</td>
			<td>Dong Zhong Co., Ltd.</td>
			<td>Customized</td>
			<td>PMMA adaptor</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Agarose</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td>A9414</td>
			<td>Agarose, low gelling temperature</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Amplifier</td>
			<td>A.A. Lab Systems Ltd</td>
			<td>A-304</td>
			<td>High voltage amplifier</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>AutoCAD software</td>
			<td>Autodesk</td>
			<td>Educational Version</td>
			<td>Drafting</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>B-27 supplement</td>
			<td>Gibco</td>
			<td>12587-010</td>
			<td>B-27 supplement (50x), minus vitamin A</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF)&#160;</td>
			<td>Peprotech</td>
			<td>AF-100-18B</td>
			<td>Also called recombinant human FGF-basic</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Black rubber bung</td>
			<td>TERUMO</td>
			<td>DVR-3413</td>
			<td>From 3 mL oral syringes, without needle</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Bovine serum albumin (BSA)</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td>B4287</td>
			<td>Blocking reagent&#160;</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Centrifuge</td>
			<td>HSIANGTAI</td>
			<td>CV2060</td>
			<td>Centrifuge</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>CO2 laser scriber</td>
			<td>Laser Tools and Technics Corp.&#160;</td>
			<td>ILS-II</td>
			<td>Purchased from http://www.lttcorp.com/index.htm</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Cone connector</td>
			<td>IDEX Health &#38; Science</td>
			<td>F-120X</td>
			<td>One-piece fingertight 10-32 coned, for 1/16&#34; OD natural</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Cone-Luer adaptor</td>
			<td>IDEX Health &#38; Science</td>
			<td>P-659</td>
			<td>Luer Adapter 10-32 Female to Female Luer, PEEK</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Confocal fluorescence microscope</td>
			<td>Leica Microsystems</td>
			<td>TCS SP5</td>
			<td>Leica TCS SP5 user manual, http://www3.unifr.ch/bioimage/wp-content/uploads/2013/10/User-Manual_TCS_SP5_V02_EN.pdf</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Digital camera</td>
			<td>OLYMPUS</td>
			<td>E-330</td>
			<td>Automatic time-lapse image acquisition</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Digital oscilloscope</td>
			<td>Tektronix</td>
			<td>TDS2024</td>
			<td>Measure voltage or current signals over time in an electronic circuit or component to display amplitude and frequency.</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Double-sided tape</td>
			<td>3M&#160;</td>
			<td>PET 8018</td>
			<td>Purchased from http://en.thd.com.tw/</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Dulbecco&#8217;s modified Eagle&#8217;s medium/Ham&#39;s nutrient mixture F-12 (DMEM/F12)</td>
			<td>Gibco</td>
			<td>12400024</td>
			<td>DMEM/F-12, powder, HEPES</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Dulbecco&#39;s phosphate-buffered saline (DPBS)</td>
			<td>Gibco</td>
			<td>21600010</td>
			<td>DPBS, powder, no calcium, no magnesium</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>EF multiplexer</td>
			<td>Asiatic Sky Co., Ltd.</td>
			<td>Customized</td>
			<td>Monitor and control the electric current in individual channels</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Epidermal growth factor (EGF)</td>
			<td>Peprotech</td>
			<td>AF-100-15</td>
			<td>Also called recombinant human EGF</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Fast-acting cyanoacrylate glue</td>
			<td>3M&#160;</td>
			<td>7004T</td>
			<td>Strength instant adhesive (liquid)</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Flat bottom connector</td>
			<td>IDEX Health &#38; Science</td>
			<td>P-206</td>
			<td>Flangeless male nut Delrin, 1/4-28 flat-bottom, for 1/16&#34; OD blue</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Function generator</td>
			<td>Agilent Technologies</td>
			<td>33120A</td>
			<td>High-performance 15 MHz synthesized&#160;function generator&#160;with built-in arbitrary waveform capability</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Goat anti-mouse IgG H&#38;L (Alexa Fluor 488)</td>
			<td>Abcam</td>
			<td>ab150117</td>
			<td>Goat anti-mouse IgG H&#38;L (Alexa Fluor 488) preadsorbed</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Goat anti-rabbit IgG H&#38;L (Alexa Fluor 555)</td>
			<td>Abcam</td>
			<td>ab150086</td>
			<td>Goat polyclonal secondary antibody to rabbit IgG - H&#38;L (Alexa Fluor 555), preadsorbed</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Hoechst 33342</td>
			<td>Invitrogen</td>
			<td>H3570</td>
			<td>Nuclear staining</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>ImageJ software</td>
			<td>National Institutes of Health</td>
			<td>1.48v</td>
			<td>Analyze the fluorescent images&#160;</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Indium&#8211;tin&#8211;oxide (ITO) glass</td>
			<td>Merck</td>
			<td>300739</td>
			<td>For ITO heater</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Inverted phase contrast microscope</td>
			<td>OLYMPUS</td>
			<td>CKX41</td>
			<td>For cell morphology observation</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>K-type thermocouple</td>
			<td>Tecpel</td>
			<td>TPK-02A</td>
			<td>Temperature&#160;thermocouples</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Luer adapter</td>
			<td>IDEX Health &#38; Science</td>
			<td>P618-01</td>
			<td>Luer adapter female Luer to 1/4-28 male polypropylene</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Luer lock syringe</td>
			<td>TERUMO</td>
			<td>DVR-3413</td>
			<td>For agar salt bridges</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Mouse anti-GFAP</td>
			<td>eBioscience</td>
			<td>14-9892</td>
			<td>Astrocytes marker</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Oligodendrocyte &#160;marker&#160; O4&#160; antibody</td>
			<td>R&#38;D Systems</td>
			<td>MAB1326</td>
			<td>Oligodendrocytes marker</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Paraformaldehyde (PFA)</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td>P6148</td>
			<td>Fixing&#160;agent</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Phosphate buffered saline (PBS)</td>
			<td>Basic Life</td>
			<td>BL2651</td>
			<td>Washing solution</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Poly-L-Lysine (PLL)</td>
			<td>SIGMA</td>
			<td>P4707</td>
			<td>Coating solution</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Precision cover glasses thickness No. 1.5H</td>
			<td>MARIENFELD</td>
			<td>107242</td>
			<td>https://www.marienfeld-superior.com/precision-cover-glasses-thickness-no-1-5h-tol-5-m.html</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Programmable X-Y-Z motorised stage</td>
			<td>Tanlian Inc</td>
			<td>Customized</td>
			<td>Purchased from http://www.tanlian.tw/ndex.files/motort.htm</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Proportional&#8211;integral&#8211;derivative (PID) controller</td>
			<td>Toho Electronics</td>
			<td>TTM-J4-R-AB</td>
			<td>Temperature controller&#160;</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>PTFE tube</td>
			<td>Professional Plastics Inc. Taiwan Branch</td>
			<td>Outer diameter 1/16 Inches</td>
			<td>White translucent PTFE tubing</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Rabbit anti-Tuj1</td>
			<td>Abcam</td>
			<td>ab18207</td>
			<td>Neuron marker</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Syringe pump</td>
			<td>New Era Systems Inc</td>
			<td>NE-1000</td>
			<td>NE-1000 programmable single syringe pump</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>TFD4 detergent</td>
			<td>FRANKLAB</td>
			<td>TFD4</td>
			<td>Cover glass cleaner</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Thermal bonder</td>
			<td>Kuan-MIN Tech Co.</td>
			<td>Customized</td>
			<td>Purchased from http://kmtco.com.tw/</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Triton X-100</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td>T8787</td>
			<td>Permeabilized solution</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Ultrasonic cleaner</td>
			<td>LEO</td>
			<td>LEO-300S</td>
			<td>Ultrasonic steri-cleaner</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Vacuum chamber</td>
			<td>DENG YNG INSTRUMENTS CO., Ltd.</td>
			<td>DOV-30</td>
			<td>Vacuum drying oven</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>White fingertight plug</td>
			<td>IDEX Health &#38; Science</td>
			<td>P-316</td>
			<td>1/4-28 Flat-Bottom, https://www.idex-hs.com/store/fluidics/fluidic-connections/plug-teflonr-pfa-1-4-28-flat-bottom.html</td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

electric-field-induced neural precursor cell differentiation in microfluidic devices

生理电场 （EF） 在细胞迁移、分化、分裂和死亡中起着至关重要的作用。本文描述了一个利用显微镜进行长期细胞分化研究的微流体细胞培养系统。微流体系统由以下主要部件组成：光学透明电控芯片、透明钛-锡氧化物 （ITO） 加热器、培养物介质灌装泵、电源、高频功率放大器、EF 多路复用器、可编程 X-Y-Z 电动舞台以及配备数码相机的倒相对比显微镜。微流体系统有利于简化整体实验设置，进而有利于试剂和样品的消耗。这项工作涉及由直接电流（DC）脉冲刺激诱导的神经干细胞和祖细胞（NPC）的分化。在干细胞维持介质中，小鼠NC（mNPC）在直流脉冲刺激后分化成神经元、星形细胞和寡头细胞。结果表明，简单的直流脉冲治疗可以控制mNPC的命运，并可用于开发神经系统疾病的治疗策略。该系统可用于多渠道的细胞培养、长期EF刺激、细胞形态观测和自动延时图像采集。这种微流体系统不仅缩短了所需的实验时间，而且提高了微环境控制的准确性。

MOE芯片的详细配置显示在 图1中。微流体芯片为减少实验设置尺寸、样品体积和试剂体积提供了有益的方法。MOE芯片设计用于在一项研究中同时进行三个独立的EF刺激实验和几个免疫染色条件（图3）。此外，光学透明度高的MOE芯片也适合共焦显微镜检查。MOE芯片还设计用于在单个实验中同时研究不同细胞培养条件（例如，多个EF...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Electric-Field-Induced Neural Precursor Cell Differentiation in Microfluidic Devices at JoVE.com

Electric-Field-Induced Neural Precursor Cell Differentiation in Microfluidic Devices

在这项研究中，我们提出了一个单纯由微流系统中直接电流（DC）脉冲刺激诱导的神经干细胞和祖细胞（NPC）分化的协议。

微流体设备中的电场诱导神经前体细胞分化

Physiological electric fields (EF) play vital roles in cell migration, differentiation, division, and death. This paper describes a microfluidic cell ...

这项研究提出了一个协议，使神经前体细胞的分化完全由微流系统中的直接电流脉冲刺激诱导。该技术为减少实验设置时间、样品量和试剂体积提供了有益的方法。此外，MOE 芯片还适用于共聚焦显微镜观测。简单的直流脉冲治疗可以控制小鼠神经前体细胞的命运，并可用于开发神经系统疾病的治疗策略。首先，使用适当的软件为单个 PMMA 图层和双面胶带绘制模式。打开二氧化碳激光抄写机，将其连接到个人计算机。使用软件打开设计模式文件。将 PMMA 板或双面胶带放在激光抄写机的平台上，然后使用自动对焦工具将激光聚焦到 PMMA 板材或双面胶带的表面。选择激光抄写机作为打印机，然后使用激光抄写机在 PMMA 板或双面胶带上启动直接消融。从 PMMA 片中取出保护膜，使用氮气清洁表面。为了将多层 PMMA 表粘合在一起，将三块一毫米 PMMA 板堆叠在一起，并在 110 摄氏度的热粘合器中每平方厘米 5 公斤的压力下粘结 30 分钟，形成流动或电刺激通道组件。将 12 件适配器贴在 MOE 芯片组件第一层的单独开口上，并配有快速作用的氰酸酯胶水。在组装芯片之前，使用紫外线照射对一毫米 PMMA 基板、双面胶带和三毫米光学级 PMMA 进行消毒 30 分钟。将一毫米 PMMA 基板与双面胶带粘附在三毫米光学级 PMMA 上的一毫米 PMMA 基板上，以完成 PMMA 装配。用双面胶带将清洁的盖玻璃粘附在 PMMA 装配中。用白色手指紧插头密封阿加桥适配器的开口。通过介质入口和插座适配器将平底连接器连接到 MOE 芯片组件，然后将锥度 Luer 适配器连接到三向塞孔。使用三毫升注射器加入两毫升 0.01% PLL 解决方案，该注射器连接到介质入口的三向塞，并将空的三毫升注射器连接到介质插座的三向塞。用 PLL 溶液填充细胞培养区域，然后缓慢地来回泵送涂层溶液。关闭两个三向停止孔，以密封文化区域内的解决方案。在充满5%二氧化碳大气的孵化器中，在37摄氏度的温度下连夜孵化MOE芯片。打开两个三向塞子，使用两个注射器手动泵送涂层溶液，冲走通道中的气泡。将三毫升完整的介质抽入三毫升注射器中，连接到介质入口的三向塞孔，并将其添加以取代细胞培养区域的涂层溶液。用 Luer 适配器更换白色手指紧插头，并注入 3% 的热糖来填充适配器。将 Luer 锁注射器连接到 Luer 适配器，并通过黑色橡胶 bong 注入 3% 的热阿加罗斯，以填充 Luer 锁注射器。允许10至20分钟，使糖冷却和凝固。将细胞种子 MOE 芯片安装到透明 ITO 加热器上，该加热器固定在可编程 XYZ 机动化阶段，保持在 37 摄氏度。通过中等插座手动泵入 MOE 芯片，然后在 ITO 加热器上孵育细胞种子 MOE 芯片四小时，从而注入 mNPC。使用电线通过芯片上的电极将 EF 多路复用器连接到 MOE 芯片。将 EF 多路复用器和功能发生器连接到放大器以输出方波直流脉冲。取出 MOE 芯片上的所有平底连接器和适配器，用 PBS 填充适配器，然后用胶片密封适配器开口。免疫染色后，使用共聚焦荧光显微镜观察细胞。直流脉冲刺激导致mNPC同时分化成神经元、星形细胞和卵泡细胞在干细胞维持介质中。此处显示了对照组和刺激组中神经元、星形细胞和寡头细胞的百分比。直流脉冲治疗后，MNPC表示DIV七的神经元数量显著高，DIV 3的星形细胞和DIV七和DIV14的寡头细胞在刺激组中所处的水平相对高于对照组。由30到40个细胞形成的神经球是启动mNPC分化的首选。在分化过程中，mNPC的过度生长会损害细胞的生存。

Research

JoVE Journal

Bioengineering

Separating Beads and Cells in Multi-channel Microfluidic Devices Using Dielectrophoresis and Laminar Flow

使用介电泳分离珠和多通道微流控芯片细胞和层流

Microfluidic devices have advanced cell studies by providing a dynamic fluidic environment on the scale of the cell for studying, manipulating, sorting ...

科研

生物工程

Simple Microfluidic Devices for in vivo Imaging of C. elegans, Drosophila and Zebrafish

Simple Microfluidic Devices for in vivo Imaging of C. elegans, Drosophila and Zebrafish

简单的微流控芯片的<em在体内</em&gt;成像<em&gt; C.线虫</em&gt;<em&gt;果蝇</em&gt;和斑马鱼

Micro fabricated fluidic devices provide an accessible micro-environment for in vivo studies on small organisms. Simple fabrication processes are ...

Detection of Exosomal Biomarker by Electric Field-induced Release and Measurement (EFIRM)

Detection of Exosomal Biomarker by Electric Field-induced Release and Measurement EFIRM

通过电场诱导释放和测量（EFIRM）检测外体生物标志物

Exosomes are microvesicular structures that play a mediating role in intercellular communication. It is of interest to study the internal cargo of ...

Layer-by-layer Collagen Deposition in Microfluidic Devices for Microtissue Stabilization

层与层胶原沉积在微流体装置的Microtissue稳定

Although microfluidics provides exquisite control of the cellular microenvironment, culturing cells within microfluidic devices can be challenging. 3D ...

Using Adhesive Patterning to Construct 3D Paper Microfluidic Devices

使用粘性图案构建3D纸微流体装置

We demonstrate the use of patterned aerosol adhesives to construct both planar and nonplanar 3D paper microfluidic devices. By spraying an aerosol ...

Automated Robotic Liquid Handling Assembly of Modular DNA Devices

模块化 DNA 设备的自动机器人液体处理组件

Recent advances in modular DNA assembly techniques have enabled synthetic biologists to test significantly more of the available &#34;design space&#34; ...

Multi-step Variable Height Photolithography for Valved Multilayer Microfluidic Devices

多级可变高度的光刻多层带瓣微流体装置

Microfluidic systems have enabled powerful new approaches to high-throughput biochemical and biological analysis. However, there remains a barrier to ...

Fabrication of Three-dimensional Paper-based Microfluidic Devices for Immunoassays

三维纸基微流体装置的制造用于免疫分析

Paper wicks fluids autonomously due to capillary action. By patterning paper with hydrophobic barriers, the transport of fluids can be controlled and ...

Polydimethylsiloxane-polycarbonate Microfluidic Devices for Cell Migration Studies Under Perpendicular Chemical and Oxygen Gradients

细胞迁移研究在垂直化学和氧梯度聚二甲基硅氧烷的聚碳酸酯微流体装置

This paper reports a microfluidic device made of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) with an embedded polycarbonate (PC) thin film to study cell migration under ...

Development of Microfluidic Devices to Study the Elongation Capability of Tip-growing Plant Cells in Extremely Small Spaces

微流控装置在极小空间中研究尖端生长植物细胞的伸长能力

In vivo, tip-growing plant cells need to overcome a series of physical barriers; however, researchers lack the methodology to visualize cellular behavior ...