Name: electric-field-induced neural precursor cell differentiation in microfluidic devices
Uploaded: 2021-04-14T14:00:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Electric-Field-Induced Neural Precursor Cell Differentiation in Microfluidic Devices at JoVE.com

Forfatterne takker professor Tang K. Tang, Institut for Biomedicinske Videnskaber, Academia Sinica, for hans hjælp til at give mus neurale stamceller og stamceller (mNPC'er). Forfatterne takker også professor Tang K. Tang og Ms Ying-Shan Lee, for deres værdifulde diskussion om differentiering af MNPC'er.

1. Design og fremstilling af MOE-chippen
<ol><li>Tegn mønstre for individuelle polymethylmethanlag (PMMA) og dobbeltsidet tape ved hjælp af passende software (Figur 1A, Materialetabel). Klip både PMMA-arkene og det dobbeltsidede bånd med en CO 2-lasermaskineskribent (Figur 1B).<ol>
<li>Tænd for CO2 laserskriveren, og tilslut den til en personlig computer. Åbn den designede mønsterfil ved hjælp af softwaren.</li>
	...

<ol>
	<li>Chang, H. F., Lee, Y. S., Tang, T. K., Cheng, J. Y. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Pulsed+DC+electric+field-induced+differentiation+of+cortical+neural+precursor+cells.">Pulsed DC electric field-induced differentiation of cortical neural precursor cells.</a> PLoS One. 11 (6), e0158133 (2016).</li><li>Li, S., Li, H., Wang, Z. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Orientation+of+spiral+ganglion+neurite+extension+in+electrical+fields+of+charge-balanced+biphasic+pulses+and+direct+current+in+vitro.">Orientation of spiral ganglion neurite extension in electrical fields of charge-balanced biphasic pulses and direct current in vitro.</a> Hearing research. 267 (1-2), 111-118 (2010).</li><li>Rajnicek, A. M., Robinson, K. R., McCaig, C. D. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+direction+of+neurite+growth+in+a+weak+DC+electric+field+depends+on+the+substratum:+contributions+of+adhesivity+and+net+surface+charge.">The direction of neurite growth in a weak DC electric field depends on the substratum: contributions of adhesivity and net surface charge.</a> Developmental biology. 203 (2), 412-423 (1998).</li><li>Kim, Y. H., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Differential+regulation+of+proliferation+and+differentiation+in+neural+precursor+cells+by+the+Jak+pathway.">Differential regulation of proliferation and differentiation in neural precursor cells by the Jak pathway.</a> Stem Cells. 28 (10), 1816-1828 (2010).</li><li>Cunha, F., Rajnicek, A. M., McCaig, C. D. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Electrical+stimulation+directs+migration,+enhances+and+orients+cell+division+and+upregulates+the+chemokine+receptors+CXCR4+and+CXCR2+in+endothelial+cells.">Electrical stimulation directs migration, enhances and orients cell division and upregulates the chemokine receptors CXCR4 and CXCR2 in endothelial cells.</a> Journal of Vascular Research. 56 (1), 39-53 (2019).</li><li>Chang, H. F., Cheng, H. T., Chen, H. Y., Yeung, W. K., Cheng, J. Y. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Doxycycline+inhibits+electric+field-induced+migration+of+non-small+cell+lung+cancer+(NSCLC)+cells.">Doxycycline inhibits electric field-induced migration of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells.</a> Scientific Reports. 9 (1), 8094 (2019).</li><li>Tsai, H. F., Peng, S. W., Wu, C. Y., Chang, H. F., Cheng, J. Y. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Electrotaxis+of+oral+squamous+cell+carcinoma+cells+in+a+multiple-electric-field+chip+with+uniform+flow+field.">Electrotaxis of oral squamous cell carcinoma cells in a multiple-electric-field chip with uniform flow field.</a> Biomicrofluidics. 6 (3), 34116 (2012).</li><li>Huang, C. W., Cheng, J. Y., Yen, M. H., Young, T. H. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Electrotaxis+of+lung+cancer+cells+in+a+multiple-electric-field+chip.">Electrotaxis of lung cancer cells in a multiple-electric-field chip.</a> Biosensors and Bioelectronics. 24 (12), 3510-3516 (2009).</li><li>Jing, W., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Study+of+electrical+stimulation+with+different+electric-field+intensities+in+the+regulation+of+the+differentiation+of+PC12+cells.">Study of electrical stimulation with different electric-field intensities in the regulation of the differentiation of PC12 cells.</a> American Chemical Society Chemical Neuroscience. 10 (1), 348-357 (2019).</li><li>Guo, W., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Self-powered+electrical+stimulation+for+enhancing+neural+differentiation+of+mesenchymal+stem+cells+on+graphene-poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)+hybrid+microfibers.">Self-powered electrical stimulation for enhancing neural differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells on graphene-poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) hybrid microfibers.</a> American Chemical Society Nano. 10 (5), 5086-5095 (2016).</li><li>Manabe, M., Mie, M., Yanagida, Y., Aizawa, M., Kobatake, E. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Combined+effect+of+electrical+stimulation+and+cisplatin+in+HeLa+cell+death.">Combined effect of electrical stimulation and cisplatin in HeLa cell death.</a> Biotechnology and Bioengineering. 86 (6), 661-666 (2004).</li><li>Liu, M., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Protective+effect+of+moderate+exogenous+electric+field+stimulation+on+activating+netrin-1/DCC+expression+against+mechanical+stretch-induced+injury+in+spinal+cord+neurons.">Protective effect of moderate exogenous electric field stimulation on activating netrin-1/DCC expression against mechanical stretch-induced injury in spinal cord neurons.</a> Neurotoxicity Research. 34 (2), 285-294 (2018).</li><li>Haan, N., Song, B. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Therapeutic+application+of+electric+fields+in+the+injured+nervous+system.">Therapeutic application of electric fields in the injured nervous system.</a> Advances in Wound Care. 3 (2), 156-165 (2014).</li><li>Ariza, C. A., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+influence+of+electric+fields+on+hippocampal+neural+progenitor+cells.">The influence of electric fields on hippocampal neural progenitor cells.</a> Stem Cell Reviews and Reports. 6 (4), 585-600 (2010).</li><li>Huang, C. W., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Gene+expression+of+human+lung+cancer+cell+line+CL1-5+in+response+to+a+direct+current+electric+field.">Gene expression of human lung cancer cell line CL1-5 in response to a direct current electric field.</a> PLoS One. 6 (10), e25928 (2011).</li><li>Sun, Y. S., Peng, S. W., Lin, K. H., Cheng, J. Y. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Electrotaxis+of+lung+cancer+cells+in+ordered+three-dimensional+scaffolds.">Electrotaxis of lung cancer cells in ordered three-dimensional scaffolds.</a> Biomicrofluidics. 6 (1), 14102-14114 (2012).</li><li>Hou, H. S., Chang, H. F., Cheng, J. Y. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Electrotaxis+studies+of+lung+cancer+cells+using+a+multichannel+dual-electric-field+microfluidic+chip.">Electrotaxis studies of lung cancer cells using a multichannel dual-electric-field microfluidic chip.</a> Journal of Visualized Experiments. 106, e53340 (2015).</li><li>Cheng, J. Y., Yen, M. H., Hsu, W. C., Jhang, J. H., Young, T. H. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=ITO+patterning+by+a+low+power+Q-switched+green+laser+and+its+use+in+the+fabrication+of+a+transparent+flow+meter.">ITO patterning by a low power Q-switched green laser and its use in the fabrication of a transparent flow meter.</a> Journal of Micromechanics and Microengineering. 17 (11), 2316-2323 (2007).</li><li>Cheng, J. Y., Yen, M. H., Kuo, C. T., Young, T. H. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=A+transparent+cell-culture+microchamber+with+a+variably+controlled+concentration+gradient+generator+and+flow+field+rectifier.">A transparent cell-culture microchamber with a variably controlled concentration gradient generator and flow field rectifier.</a> Biomicrofluidics. 2 (2), 24105 (2008).</li><li>Fuhr, G., Shirley, S. G. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Cell+handling+and+characterization+using+micron+and+submicron+electrode+arrays:+state+of+the+art+and+perspectives+of+semiconductor+microtools.">Cell handling and characterization using micron and submicron electrode arrays: state of the art and perspectives of semiconductor microtools.</a> Journal of Micromechanics and Microengineering. 5 (2), 77-85 (1995).</li><li>AChang, K. A., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Biphasic+electrical+currents+stimulation+promotes+both+proliferation+and+differentiation+of+fetal+neural+stem+cells.">Biphasic electrical currents stimulation promotes both proliferation and differentiation of fetal neural stem cells.</a> PLoS One. 6 (4), e18738 (2011).</li><li>Lim, J. H., McCullen, S. D., Piedrahita, J. A., Loboa, E. G., Olby, N. J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Alternating+current+electric+fields+of+varying+frequencies:+effects+on+proliferation+and+differentiation+of+porcine+neural+progenitor+cells.">Alternating current electric fields of varying frequencies: effects on proliferation and differentiation of porcine neural progenitor cells.</a> Cell Reprogram. 15 (5), 405-412 (2013).</li></ol>

Under fremstillingen af MOE-chippen fastgøres adapterne til MOE-chippens lag 1 med hurtigtvirkende cyanoacrylatlim. Limen påføres 4 hjørner af adapterne, og derefter påføres trykket jævnt over adapterne. Overskydende mængde lim skal undgås for at sikre fuldstændig polymerisering af limen. Desuden inkuberes den færdige MOE-chipsamling i et vakuumkammer. Dette trin hjælper med at fjerne boblerne mellem PMMA-laget, det dobbeltsidede bånd og dækglasset.
Valget af elektrodematerialet ...

Neurale prækursorceller (NPC'ere, også kendt som neurale stamceller og stamceller) kan være som en lovende kandidat til neurodegenerativ terapeutisk strategi1. De udifferentierede NPC'ere har selvfornyelseskapacitet , multistyrke og proliferativ evne2,3. En tidligere undersøgelse har rapporteret, at den ekstracellulære matrix og molekylære mæglere regulere differentiering af NPC. Den epidermale vækstfaktor (EGF) og den grundlæggende fibroblastvækstfaktor (bFGF) fremmer NPC-spredning og opretholder dermed den udifferentierede tilstand4.
Tidligere undersøgelser har rapporteret, at elektrisk stimulation kan regulere cellefysiologiske aktiviteter som division5, migration6,7,8, differentiering1,9,10og celledød11. Elektriske felter (EFs) spiller afgørende roller i udviklingen og regenerering af centralnervesystemet udvikling12,13,14. Fra 2009 til 2019 har dette laboratorium undersøgt cellulære reaktioner på anvendelsen af EF i det mikrofluidiske system1,6, 7,8,15,16,17. En multikanal, optisk gennemsigtig, elektrotaktisk (MOE) chip er designet til at være egnet til immunfluorescens farvning til konfokal mikroskopi. Chippen havde høj optisk gennemsigtighed og god holdbarhed og tillod samtidig udførelse af tre uafhængige stimulationseksperimenter og flere immunostained betingelser i en enkelt undersøgelse. Det mikrofluidiske system er gavnligt med hensyn til at forenkle den overordnede eksperimentelle opsætning og til gengæld reagens- og prøveforbruget. Dette papir beskriver udviklingen af et mikrofluidisk cellekultursystem, der blev brugt til en langsigtet celledifferentieringsundersøgelse.

<table border="1" fo:keep-together.within-page="1" fo:keep-with-next.within-page="always">
	<tbody>
		<tr>
			<td>1 mm PMMA substrates (Layers 1-3)</td>
			<td>BHT</td>
			<td>K2R20</td>
			<td>Polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), http://www.bothharvest.com/zh-tw/product-421076/Optical-PMMA-Non-Coated-BHT-K2Rxx-xx=-thickness-choices.html</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>15 mL plastic tube</td>
			<td>Protech Technology Enterprise Co., Ltd</td>
			<td>CT-15-PL-TW</td>
			<td>Conical bottomed tube with cap, assembled, presterilized</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>3 mL syringe</td>
			<td>TERUMO</td>
			<td>DVR-3413</td>
			<td>3 mL oral syringes, without needle</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>3 mm optical grade PMMA (Layer 5)</td>
			<td>CHI MEI Corporation</td>
			<td>ACRYPOLY PMMA Sheet</td>
			<td>Optical grade PMMA</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>3-way stopcock</td>
			<td>NIPRO</td>
			<td>NCN-3L</td>
			<td>Sterile disposable 3-way stopcock</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>5 mL syringe</td>
			<td>TERUMO</td>
			<td>DVR-3410</td>
			<td>5 mL oral syringes, without needle</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Adaptor</td>
			<td>Dong Zhong Co., Ltd.</td>
			<td>Customized</td>
			<td>PMMA adaptor</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Agarose</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td>A9414</td>
			<td>Agarose, low gelling temperature</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Amplifier</td>
			<td>A.A. Lab Systems Ltd</td>
			<td>A-304</td>
			<td>High voltage amplifier</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>AutoCAD software</td>
			<td>Autodesk</td>
			<td>Educational Version</td>
			<td>Drafting</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>B-27 supplement</td>
			<td>Gibco</td>
			<td>12587-010</td>
			<td>B-27 supplement (50x), minus vitamin A</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF)&#160;</td>
			<td>Peprotech</td>
			<td>AF-100-18B</td>
			<td>Also called recombinant human FGF-basic</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Black rubber bung</td>
			<td>TERUMO</td>
			<td>DVR-3413</td>
			<td>From 3 mL oral syringes, without needle</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Bovine serum albumin (BSA)</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td>B4287</td>
			<td>Blocking reagent&#160;</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Centrifuge</td>
			<td>HSIANGTAI</td>
			<td>CV2060</td>
			<td>Centrifuge</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>CO2 laser scriber</td>
			<td>Laser Tools and Technics Corp.&#160;</td>
			<td>ILS-II</td>
			<td>Purchased from http://www.lttcorp.com/index.htm</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Cone connector</td>
			<td>IDEX Health &#38; Science</td>
			<td>F-120X</td>
			<td>One-piece fingertight 10-32 coned, for 1/16&#34; OD natural</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Cone-Luer adaptor</td>
			<td>IDEX Health &#38; Science</td>
			<td>P-659</td>
			<td>Luer Adapter 10-32 Female to Female Luer, PEEK</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Confocal fluorescence microscope</td>
			<td>Leica Microsystems</td>
			<td>TCS SP5</td>
			<td>Leica TCS SP5 user manual, http://www3.unifr.ch/bioimage/wp-content/uploads/2013/10/User-Manual_TCS_SP5_V02_EN.pdf</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Digital camera</td>
			<td>OLYMPUS</td>
			<td>E-330</td>
			<td>Automatic time-lapse image acquisition</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Digital oscilloscope</td>
			<td>Tektronix</td>
			<td>TDS2024</td>
			<td>Measure voltage or current signals over time in an electronic circuit or component to display amplitude and frequency.</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Double-sided tape</td>
			<td>3M&#160;</td>
			<td>PET 8018</td>
			<td>Purchased from http://en.thd.com.tw/</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Dulbecco&#8217;s modified Eagle&#8217;s medium/Ham&#39;s nutrient mixture F-12 (DMEM/F12)</td>
			<td>Gibco</td>
			<td>12400024</td>
			<td>DMEM/F-12, powder, HEPES</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Dulbecco&#39;s phosphate-buffered saline (DPBS)</td>
			<td>Gibco</td>
			<td>21600010</td>
			<td>DPBS, powder, no calcium, no magnesium</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>EF multiplexer</td>
			<td>Asiatic Sky Co., Ltd.</td>
			<td>Customized</td>
			<td>Monitor and control the electric current in individual channels</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Epidermal growth factor (EGF)</td>
			<td>Peprotech</td>
			<td>AF-100-15</td>
			<td>Also called recombinant human EGF</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Fast-acting cyanoacrylate glue</td>
			<td>3M&#160;</td>
			<td>7004T</td>
			<td>Strength instant adhesive (liquid)</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Flat bottom connector</td>
			<td>IDEX Health &#38; Science</td>
			<td>P-206</td>
			<td>Flangeless male nut Delrin, 1/4-28 flat-bottom, for 1/16&#34; OD blue</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Function generator</td>
			<td>Agilent Technologies</td>
			<td>33120A</td>
			<td>High-performance 15 MHz synthesized&#160;function generator&#160;with built-in arbitrary waveform capability</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Goat anti-mouse IgG H&#38;L (Alexa Fluor 488)</td>
			<td>Abcam</td>
			<td>ab150117</td>
			<td>Goat anti-mouse IgG H&#38;L (Alexa Fluor 488) preadsorbed</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Goat anti-rabbit IgG H&#38;L (Alexa Fluor 555)</td>
			<td>Abcam</td>
			<td>ab150086</td>
			<td>Goat polyclonal secondary antibody to rabbit IgG - H&#38;L (Alexa Fluor 555), preadsorbed</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Hoechst 33342</td>
			<td>Invitrogen</td>
			<td>H3570</td>
			<td>Nuclear staining</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>ImageJ software</td>
			<td>National Institutes of Health</td>
			<td>1.48v</td>
			<td>Analyze the fluorescent images&#160;</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Indium&#8211;tin&#8211;oxide (ITO) glass</td>
			<td>Merck</td>
			<td>300739</td>
			<td>For ITO heater</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Inverted phase contrast microscope</td>
			<td>OLYMPUS</td>
			<td>CKX41</td>
			<td>For cell morphology observation</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>K-type thermocouple</td>
			<td>Tecpel</td>
			<td>TPK-02A</td>
			<td>Temperature&#160;thermocouples</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Luer adapter</td>
			<td>IDEX Health &#38; Science</td>
			<td>P618-01</td>
			<td>Luer adapter female Luer to 1/4-28 male polypropylene</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Luer lock syringe</td>
			<td>TERUMO</td>
			<td>DVR-3413</td>
			<td>For agar salt bridges</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Mouse anti-GFAP</td>
			<td>eBioscience</td>
			<td>14-9892</td>
			<td>Astrocytes marker</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Oligodendrocyte &#160;marker&#160; O4&#160; antibody</td>
			<td>R&#38;D Systems</td>
			<td>MAB1326</td>
			<td>Oligodendrocytes marker</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Paraformaldehyde (PFA)</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td>P6148</td>
			<td>Fixing&#160;agent</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Phosphate buffered saline (PBS)</td>
			<td>Basic Life</td>
			<td>BL2651</td>
			<td>Washing solution</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Poly-L-Lysine (PLL)</td>
			<td>SIGMA</td>
			<td>P4707</td>
			<td>Coating solution</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Precision cover glasses thickness No. 1.5H</td>
			<td>MARIENFELD</td>
			<td>107242</td>
			<td>https://www.marienfeld-superior.com/precision-cover-glasses-thickness-no-1-5h-tol-5-m.html</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Programmable X-Y-Z motorised stage</td>
			<td>Tanlian Inc</td>
			<td>Customized</td>
			<td>Purchased from http://www.tanlian.tw/ndex.files/motort.htm</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Proportional&#8211;integral&#8211;derivative (PID) controller</td>
			<td>Toho Electronics</td>
			<td>TTM-J4-R-AB</td>
			<td>Temperature controller&#160;</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>PTFE tube</td>
			<td>Professional Plastics Inc. Taiwan Branch</td>
			<td>Outer diameter 1/16 Inches</td>
			<td>White translucent PTFE tubing</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Rabbit anti-Tuj1</td>
			<td>Abcam</td>
			<td>ab18207</td>
			<td>Neuron marker</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Syringe pump</td>
			<td>New Era Systems Inc</td>
			<td>NE-1000</td>
			<td>NE-1000 programmable single syringe pump</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>TFD4 detergent</td>
			<td>FRANKLAB</td>
			<td>TFD4</td>
			<td>Cover glass cleaner</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Thermal bonder</td>
			<td>Kuan-MIN Tech Co.</td>
			<td>Customized</td>
			<td>Purchased from http://kmtco.com.tw/</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Triton X-100</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td>T8787</td>
			<td>Permeabilized solution</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Ultrasonic cleaner</td>
			<td>LEO</td>
			<td>LEO-300S</td>
			<td>Ultrasonic steri-cleaner</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Vacuum chamber</td>
			<td>DENG YNG INSTRUMENTS CO., Ltd.</td>
			<td>DOV-30</td>
			<td>Vacuum drying oven</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>White fingertight plug</td>
			<td>IDEX Health &#38; Science</td>
			<td>P-316</td>
			<td>1/4-28 Flat-Bottom, https://www.idex-hs.com/store/fluidics/fluidic-connections/plug-teflonr-pfa-1-4-28-flat-bottom.html</td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

electric-field-induced neural precursor cell differentiation in microfluidic devices

Fysiologiske elektriske felter (EF) spiller afgørende roller i cellemigration, differentiering, division og død. Dette papir beskriver et mikrofluidisk cellekultursystem, der blev brugt til en langsigtet celledifferentieringsundersøgelse ved hjælp af mikroskopi. Det mikrofluidiske system består af følgende hovedkomponenter: en optisk gennemsigtig elektrotaktisk chip, en gennemsigtig indium-tin-oxid (ITO) varmelegeme, en kultur mediefyldningspumpe, en elektrisk strømforsyning, en højfrekvent effektforstærker, en EF-multiplexer, en programmerbar X-Y-Z motoriseret fase og et omvendt fasekontrastmikroskop udstyret med et digitalt kamera. Det mikrofluidiske system er gavnligt med hensyn til at forenkle den overordnede eksperimentelle opsætning og til gengæld reagens- og prøveforbruget. Dette arbejde indebærer differentiering af neurale stamceller og stamceller (NPC'er) induceret af jævnstrøm (DC) pulsstimulation. I stamcellevedligeholdelsesmediet differentierede musens NPC'er (mNPC'er) sig til neuroner, astrocytter og oligodendrocytter efter DC-pulsstimulationen. Resultaterne tyder på, at simpel DC puls behandling kunne kontrollere skæbnen for MNPC'er og kan bruges til at udvikle terapeutiske strategier for nervesystemet lidelser. Systemet kan bruges til cellekultur i flere kanaler, til langsigtet EF-stimulering, til cellemorfologiske observationer og til automatisk time-lapse billedopsamling. Dette mikrofluidiske system forkorter ikke kun den krævede forsøgstid, men øger også nøjagtigheden af kontrollen med mikromiljøet.

Den detaljerede konfiguration af MOE-chippen er vist i figur 1. Den mikrofluidiske chip giver en gavnlig tilgang til at reducere den eksperimentelle opsætningsstørrelse, prøvevolumen og reagensvolumen. MOE-chippen er designet til at udføre tre uafhængige EF-stimulationseksperimenter og flere immundæmpende tilstande samtidigt i en enkelt undersøgelse (Figur 3). Derudover er MOE-chippen, som har en høj optisk gennemsigtighe...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Electric-Field-Induced Neural Precursor Cell Differentiation in Microfluidic Devices at JoVE.com

Electric-Field-Induced Neural Precursor Cell Differentiation in Microfluidic Devices

I denne undersøgelse præsenterer vi en protokol for differentiering af neurale stamceller og stamceller (NPC'ere), der udelukkende er fremkaldt af jævnstrøms (DC) pulsstimulation i et mikrofluidisk system.

Elektrisk-felt-induceret neurale prækursor celle differentiering i mikrofluidiske enheder

Physiological electric fields (EF) play vital roles in cell migration, differentiation, division, and death. This paper describes a microfluidic cell ...

Denne undersøgelse præsenterer en protokol for differentiering af neurale prækursorceller udelukkende induceret af jævnstrømspulsstimulering i et mikrofluidisk system. Denne teknik giver en gavnlig tilgang til at reducere den eksperimentelle opstillingstid, prøvevolumen og reagensvolumen. Desuden er MOE-chippen velegnet til konfokale mikroskopobservationer.Den enkle direkte strøm puls behandling kan kontrollere musen neurale precursor cells'fate og kan bruges til at udvikle terapeutiske strategier for nervesystemet lidelser. Til at begynde med skal du tegne mønstre for individuelle PMMA-lag og det dobbeltsidede bånd ved hjælp af passende software. Tænd for kuldioxid laser scriber og slutte den til en personlig computer.Åbn den designede mønsterfil ved hjælp af softwaren. Placer PMMA-arkene eller dobbeltsidet tape på laserskriverens platform, og fokuser derefter laseren på overfladen af PMMA-arkene eller det dobbeltsidede bånd ved hjælp af autofokusværktøjet. Vælg laserskriveren som printer, og brug derefter laserskriveren til at starte den direkte ablation på PMMA-arket eller dobbeltsidet tape.Fjern beskyttelsesfilmen fra PMMA-arkene, og rengør overfladen ved hjælp af nitrogengas. Til sammenkædning af flere lag PMMA-ark skal du stable tre stykker af en millimeter PMMA-ark og binde dem under et tryk på fem kilo pr. Kvadratcentimeter i en termisk binding i 30 minutter ved 110 grader Celsius for at danne flow eller elektrisk stimulationskanalsamling. Hold 12 stykker adaptere til de enkelte åbninger i lag en af MOE spånsamlingen med hurtigtvirkende cyanoacrylatlim.Desinficere en millimeter PMMA substrater, dobbeltsidet tape, og de tre millimeter optisk kvalitet PMMA ved hjælp af ultraviolet bestråling i 30 minutter, før du samler chippen. Hold pmma-underlagene på de tre millimeter optiske PMMA med dobbeltsidet tape for at fuldføre PMMA-samlingen. Hold det rensede dækglas på PMMA-samlingen med det dobbeltsidede bånd.Luk åbningerne af agarbroadapterne med hvide fingertætte stik. Tilslut det flade bundstik til MOE-chipsamlingen via de mellemstore indløbs- og udløbsadaptere, og tilslut derefter kegle-Luer-adapteren til de trevejs stophaner. Der tilsættes to milliliter 0,01%PLL-opløsning ved hjælp af en tre milliliter sprøjte, der forbinder til den trevejs stophane i medium indløbet, og tilslut en tom tre milliliter sprøjte til trevejs stophanen på den mellemstore stikkontakt.Fyld cellekulturregionerne med PLL-løsningen, og pump langsomt belægningsopløsningen frem og tilbage. Luk de to trevejs stophaner for at forsegle løsningen inde i kulturregionerne. Inkuber MOE-chippen ved 37 grader Celsius natten over i en inkubator fyldt med 5% kuldioxidatmosfære.Åbn de to trevejs stophaner, og skyl boblerne væk i kanalerne ved manuelt at pumpe belægningsopløsningen frem og tilbage i kanalen ved hjælp af de to sprøjter. Tegn tre milliliter komplet medium i en tre milliliter sprøjte, der forbinder til de tre-vejs stophane af medium indløb og tilsæt det til at erstatte belægningen løsning i cellekultur regioner. Udskift det hvide fingertætte stik med Luer-adapteren, og indsæt 3%hot agarose for at fylde adapteren.Tilslut Luer-låsesprøjten til Luer-adapteren, og indsæt 3% varm agarose gennem den sorte gummibong for at fylde Luer-låsesprøjten. Lad agarose køle ned og størkne. Installer den celleseedede MOE-chip på den gennemsigtige ITO-varmelegeme, der er fastgjort på et programmerbart XYZ motoriseret stadium, der vedligeholdes ved 37 grader Celsius.Tilsæt mNPC'erne ved manuelt at pumpe ind i MOE-chippen via mediumudgangen og derefter inkubere den celleseedede MOE-chip på ITO-varmeapparatet i fire timer. Brug elektriske ledninger til at tilslutte en EF multiplexer til MOE-chippen via elektroderne på chippen. Tilslut en EF multiplexer og en funktion generator til en forstærker til output firkantet bølge DC pulser.Fjern alle de flade nederste stik og adaptere på MOE-chippen, og fyld adapterne med PBS, og forsegl derefter adapteråbningerne med parafilm. Efter immunostaining observeres cellerne ved hjælp af et konfokalt fluorescensmikroskop. DC puls stimulation resulterede i samtidige MNPC'er differentiere sig til neuroner, astrocytter, og oligodendrocytter i stamcelle vedligeholdelse medium.Procentdelen af neuroner, astrocytter og oligodendrocytter i kontrolgruppen og i stimuleringsgruppen vises her. Efter DC-pulsbehandlingen udtrykte mNPC'erne et betydeligt højt antal neuroner ved DIV syv, astrocytter ved DIV tre og oligodendrocytter ved DIV syv og DIV 14 var til stede på relativt højere niveauer i stimuleringsgrupperne end i kontrolgruppen. Neurosfærer dannet af 30 til 40 celler foretrækkes til at indlede mNPC differentiering.Overvækst af mNPC'er vil forringe celleoverlevelsen under differentieringsprocessen.

Research

JoVE Journal

Bioengineering

Separating Beads and Cells in Multi-channel Microfluidic Devices Using Dielectrophoresis and Laminar Flow

Microfluidic devices have advanced cell studies by providing a dynamic fluidic environment on the scale of the cell for studying, manipulating, sorting ...

Simple Microfluidic Devices for in vivo Imaging of C. elegans, Drosophila and Zebrafish

Simple Microfluidic Devices for in vivo Imaging of C. elegans, Drosophila and Zebrafish

Simple mikrofluidenheder for<em&gt; In vivo</em&gt; Scanning af<em&gt; C. elegans</em&gt;,<em&gt; Drosophila</em&gt; Og zebrafisk

Micro fabricated fluidic devices provide an accessible micro-environment for in vivo studies on small organisms. Simple fabrication processes are ...

Detection of Exosomal Biomarker by Electric Field-induced Release and Measurement (EFIRM)

Detection of Exosomal Biomarker by Electric Field-induced Release and Measurement EFIRM

Påvisning af Exosomal Biomarkør af elektrisk felt-induceret frigivelse og måling (EFIRM)

Exosomes are microvesicular structures that play a mediating role in intercellular communication. It is of interest to study the internal cargo of ...

Layer-by-layer Collagen Deposition in Microfluidic Devices for Microtissue Stabilization

Layer-by-lags kollagenaflejring i mikrofluidapparater for Microtissue Stabilisering

Although microfluidics provides exquisite control of the cellular microenvironment, culturing cells within microfluidic devices can be challenging. 3D ...

Using Adhesive Patterning to Construct 3D Paper Microfluidic Devices

Brug Adhesive mønstret Konstruér 3D Paper mikrofluidenheder

We demonstrate the use of patterned aerosol adhesives to construct both planar and nonplanar 3D paper microfluidic devices. By spraying an aerosol ...

Automated Robotic Liquid Handling Assembly of Modular DNA Devices

Automatiseret robot flydende håndtering forsamling af modulære DNA enheder

Recent advances in modular DNA assembly techniques have enabled synthetic biologists to test significantly more of the available &#34;design space&#34; ...

Multi-step Variable Height Photolithography for Valved Multilayer Microfluidic Devices

Multi-trins Variabel Højde Fotolitografi for med ventiler Multilayer mikrofluidenheder

Microfluidic systems have enabled powerful new approaches to high-throughput biochemical and biological analysis. However, there remains a barrier to ...

Fabrication of Three-dimensional Paper-based Microfluidic Devices for Immunoassays

Fremstilling af Tre-dimensionel papir-baserede mikrofluidenheder for Immunoassays

Paper wicks fluids autonomously due to capillary action. By patterning paper with hydrophobic barriers, the transport of fluids can be controlled and ...

Polydimethylsiloxane-polycarbonate Microfluidic Devices for Cell Migration Studies Under Perpendicular Chemical and Oxygen Gradients

Polydimethylsiloxan-polykarbonat mikrofluidenheder for Cell Migrationsstudier Under Perpendicular Kemiske og Oxygen farveforløb

This paper reports a microfluidic device made of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) with an embedded polycarbonate (PC) thin film to study cell migration under ...

Development of Microfluidic Devices to Study the Elongation Capability of Tip-growing Plant Cells in Extremely Small Spaces

Udvikling af mikrofluid enheder til at studere brudforlængelse evne til Tip-voksende planteceller i ekstremt små rum

In vivo, tip-growing plant cells need to overcome a series of physical barriers; however, researchers lack the methodology to visualize cellular behavior ...