Name: detection of sars-cov-2 neutralizing antibodies using high-throughput fluorescent imaging of pseudovirus infection
Uploaded: 2021-06-05T14:00:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Detection of SARS-CoV-2 Neutralizing Antibodies using High-Throughput Fluorescent Imaging of Pseudovirus Infection at JoVE.com

我们要感谢惠兰实验室慷慨地提供了该协议中使用的VSV-S-eGFP病毒（在Case et al. 2020中描述）。我们还感谢Bill Cameron博士和Juthaporn Cowan博士（以及团队）收集患者血液样本（REB协议ID 20200371-01H）。作者披露了对本文的研究，作者身份和/或发表的以下财务支持：这项工作由渥太华医院基金会的慷慨支持和加拿大卫生研究院（#448323）的赠款以及Thistledown COVID-19科学基金会向C.S.I.T.R.J.的快速资助资助，由安大略省研究生奖学金和集群Mitacs奖学金资助。JP由集群Mitacs奖学金资助。T.A.由CIHR Banting奖学金资助。我们还要感谢所有参与并为这项研究捐献血液样本的个人。

1. 用于SARS-CoV-2假病毒生产和定量的电镀细胞（第1天）
<ol><li>组织培养的准备<ol>
<li>温热的1倍杜尔贝克磷酸盐缓冲盐水（DPBS）;Dulbecco的改良鹰培养基（DMEM）含有10%胎牛血清（FBS）和1%青霉素/链霉素（可选）;和0.25%胰蛋白酶 - 乙二胺四乙酸（EDTA）在水浴中至37°C约15分钟。</li>
		<li>用70%乙醇消毒组织培养罩，并根据需要将组织培养皿，巴斯德移液器和血清学移液器放入组织培养罩中。从水浴中取?...

<ol>
	<li>Hu, B., Guo, H., Zhou, P., Shi, Z. L. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Characteristics+of+SARS-CoV-2+and+COVID-19.">Characteristics of SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19.</a> Nature Reviews Microbiology. 19 (3), 141-154 (2021).</li><li>Burrell, C. J., Howard, C. R., Murphy, F. A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Coronaviruses.">Coronaviruses.</a> Fenner and White's Medical Virlogy. , 437-446 (2017).</li><li>COVID-19 Map. Johns Hopkins Coronavirus Resource Center Available from: <a target="_blank" href="https://coronavirus.jhu.edu/map.html">https://coronavirus.jhu.edu/map.html</a> (2021)</li><li>Covid-19 vaccine tracker. 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E. F., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Characterization+of+critical+determinants+of+ACE2-SARS+CoV-2+RBD+interaction.">Characterization of critical determinants of ACE2-SARS CoV-2 RBD interaction.</a> International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 22 (5), 2268 (2021).</li><li>Azad, T., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=SARS-CoV-2+S1+NanoBiT:+a+Nanoluciferase+complementation-based+biosensor+to+rapidly+probe+SARS-CoV-2+receptor+recognition.">SARS-CoV-2 S1 NanoBiT: a Nanoluciferase complementation-based biosensor to rapidly probe SARS-CoV-2 receptor recognition.</a> Biosensors and Bioelectronics. 180, 113122 (2021).</li><li>Azad, T., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Implications+for+SARS-CoV-2+vaccine+design:+Fusion+of+Spike+glycoprotein+transmembrane+domain+to+receptor-binding+domain+induces+trimerization.">Implications for SARS-CoV-2 vaccine design: Fusion of Spike glycoprotein transmembrane domain to receptor-binding domain induces trimerization.</a> Membranes. 10 (9), 215 (2020).</li><li>Cao, Z., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Potent+and+persistent+antibody+responses+against+the+receptor-binding+domain+of+SARS-CoV+spike+protein+in+recovered+patients.">Potent and persistent antibody responses against the receptor-binding domain of SARS-CoV spike protein in recovered patients.</a> Virology Journal. 7, 299 (2010).</li><li>To, K. 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B., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Neutralizing+antibody+and+soluble+ACE2+inhibition+of+a+replication-competent+VSV-SARS-CoV-2+and+a+clinical+isolate+of+SARS-CoV-2.">Neutralizing antibody and soluble ACE2 inhibition of a replication-competent VSV-SARS-CoV-2 and a clinical isolate of SARS-CoV-2.</a> Cell Host and Microbe. 28 (3), 475-485 (2020).</li><li>Garcia-Beltran, W. F., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Journal+Pre-proof+COVID-19+neutralizing+antibodies+predict+disease+severity+and+survival.">Journal Pre-proof COVID-19 neutralizing antibodies predict disease severity and survival.</a> Cell. 184 (2), 476-488 (2020).</li><li>Zeng, C., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Neutralizing+antibody+against+SARS-CoV-2+spike+in+COVID-19+patients,+health+care+workers,+and+convalescent+plasma+donors.">Neutralizing antibody against SARS-CoV-2 spike in COVID-19 patients, health care workers, and convalescent plasma donors.</a> JCI insight. 5 (22), (2020).</li><li>Whitman, J. D., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Evaluation+of+SARS-CoV-2+serology+assays+reveals+a+range+of+test+performance.">Evaluation of SARS-CoV-2 serology assays reveals a range of test performance.</a> Nature Biotechnology. 38 (10), 1174-1183 (2020).</li><li>Ainsworth, M., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Performance+characteristics+of+five+immunoassays+for+SARS-CoV-2:+a+head-to-head+benchmark+comparison.">Performance characteristics of five immunoassays for SARS-CoV-2: a head-to-head benchmark comparison.</a> The Lancet Infectious Diseases. 20 (12), 1390-1400 (2020).</li><li>Sharifkashani, S., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Angiotensin-converting+enzyme+2+(ACE2)+receptor+and+SARS-CoV-2:+Potential+therapeutic+targeting.">Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor and SARS-CoV-2: Potential therapeutic targeting.</a> European Journal of Pharmacology. 884, 173455 (2020).</li><li>Burki, T. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Understanding+variants+of+SARS-CoV-2.">Understanding variants of SARS-CoV-2.</a> The Lancet. 397 (10273), 462 (2021).</li><li>Jayamohan, H., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=SARS-CoV-2+pandemic:+a+review+of+molecular+diagnostic+tools+including+sample+collection+and+commercial+response+with+associated+advantages+and+limitations.">SARS-CoV-2 pandemic: a review of molecular diagnostic tools including sample collection and commercial response with associated advantages and limitations.</a> Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry. 413 (1), 49-71 (2020).</li><li>Nie, J., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Quantification+of+SARS-CoV-2+neutralizing+antibody+by+a+pseudotyped+virus-based+assay.">Quantification of SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibody by a pseudotyped virus-based assay.</a> Nature Protocols. 15 (11), 3699-3715 (2020).</li><li>Crawford, K. 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此处描述的方法可以根据需要进行调整，以适应不同的实验室环境和资源。重要的是，该协议的主要局限性是需要2级密封空间和组织培养罩。应用具有SARS-CoV-2尖峰的复制RNA病毒假型，如VSV-S-eGFP，是SARS-CoV-2病毒的强大替代品，SARS-CoV-2病毒需要3级工作区域，但对于某些群体来说可能仍然是一个限制。此处描述的所有其他步骤都非常灵活，几乎可以在任何2级密闭实验室中执行。例如，不需要使用具...

2019年12月，发现了一种新型冠状病毒，我们现在将其称为SARS-CoV-2，这是2019年冠状病毒病（COVID-19）的病原体1。SARS-CoV-2是一种属于 冠状病毒科 的β冠状病毒。这些包膜病毒组成了一个大的阳性感觉RNA基因组，负责人类和动物的呼吸道和肠道感染2。截至 2021 年 5 月，全球已报告超过 1.57 亿例 COVID-19 病例，超过 320 万人死亡3。开发有效的疫苗已成为全球研究人员的主要目标，至少有77种临床前疫苗正在研究中，90种目前正在进行临床试验4。
冠状病毒编码四种结构蛋白，包括刺突蛋白（S），核衣壳（N），包膜蛋白（E）和膜蛋白（M）。SARS-CoV-2的进入需要S的受体结合域（RBD）与宿主受体，人血管紧张素转换酶2（hACE2）的相互作用，以及随后的膜融合，随后通过宿主细胞丝氨酸蛋白酶，跨膜蛋白酶丝氨酸2（TMPRSS2）5，6，7，8，9，10.SARS-CoV的S蛋白的体液免疫优势以前已有报道，现在也被证明用于SARS-CoV-2 11，12，13。事实上，在感染24个月后，在SARS-CoV患者的恢复期血清中检测到针对S的中和抗体反应14，突出了它们在长期免疫反应中的关键作用。S蛋白已被确定为一种有前途的疫苗靶标，因此已成为大多数正在开发的疫苗的关键成分15，16。
虽然快速检测中和抗体是疫苗开发的一个关键方面，但它也可能揭示受影响地区的感染率和血清流行病学监测17。Whelan及其同事捐赠了一种具有复制能力的VSV假型，用SARS-CoV-2 S糖蛋白代替野生型VSV糖蛋白，在生物安全2级环境中研究SARS-CoV-2感染18。VSV表达尖峰（VSV-S）将用于确定针对SARS-CoV-2刺突蛋白的中和抗体反应。由于这里使用的VSV-S也表达增强的绿色荧光蛋白（eGFP），因此可以在24小时内检测到eGFP病灶以量化感染，而斑块形成可能需要48至72小时。这里总结的是一个简单有效的方案，用于确定恢复期患者血清中和VSV-S-eGFP感染的能力。这种方法也可以很容易地适应于询问其他潜在的治疗方法，这些疗法旨在破坏SARS-CoV-2 S蛋白的宿主 - 病毒相互作用。

<table border="1" fo:keep-together.within-page="1" fo:keep-with-next.within-page="always">
	<tbody>
		<tr>
			<td>0.25% trypsin-EDTA (Gibco)</td>
			<td>Fisher scientific</td>
			<td>LS25200114</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>ArrayScan VTI HCS</td>
			<td>Thermo Fisher Scientific</td>
			<td></td>
			<td>Automated fluorescent imager</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>carboxymethyl cellulose</td>
			<td>Sigma</td>
			<td>C5678</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Dulbecco&#39;s modified Eagle&#39;s medium (Gibco)</td>
			<td>Fisher scientific</td>
			<td>10-013-CV</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Dulbecco&#39;s modified Eagle&#39;s medium (Powder) (Gibco)</td>
			<td>Thermo Fisher Scientific</td>
			<td>12-800-017</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Dulbecco&#8217;s Phosphate-Buffered Saline (DPBS)</td>
			<td>Fisher scientific</td>
			<td>21-031-CV</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>HEPES</td>
			<td>Fisher scientific</td>
			<td>BP-310-500</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>IgG Isotype Control (mouse)</td>
			<td>Thermo Fisher Scientific</td>
			<td>31903</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Penicillin/streptomycin</td>
			<td>Thermo Fisher Scientific</td>
			<td>15070063</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>SARS-CoV-2 (2019-nCoV) Spike Neutralizing Antibody, Mouse Mab</td>
			<td>SinoBiological</td>
			<td>40592-MM57</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Vero E6 cells</td>
			<td>ATCC</td>
			<td>&#160;CRL-1586</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

detection of sars-cov-2 neutralizing antibodies using high-throughput fluorescent imaging of pseudovirus infection

随着由严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）引起的COVID-19大流行的不断发展，很明显，针对该病毒的中和抗体的存在可以提供针对未来感染的保护。因此，随着有效的COVID-19疫苗的创建和转化以前所未有的速度继续，开发快速有效的方法来测量针对SARS-CoV-2的中和抗体对于确定先前感染者和免疫个体的长期感染保护将变得越来越重要。本文介绍了一种高通量方案，该方案使用与SARS-CoV-2刺突蛋白假型的水泡性口炎病毒（VSV）来测量最近从COVID-19中康复的患者的恢复期血清中是否存在中和抗体。使用复制伪型病毒消除了SARS-CoV-2处理所需的3级收容设施的必要性，使几乎任何收容2级实验室都可以访问该协议。使用96孔格式允许同时运行许多样品，周转时间短至24小时。

该协议概述了一种通过抑制VSV-S-eGFP假病毒感染（可通过检测到的eGFP病灶的丧失来量化）来检测针对SARS-CoV-2 S蛋白的中和抗体的快速有效方法。该协议的原理图如图 1所示。建议每次运行检测时使用市售抗体作为阳性对照，以确保测定的一致性。在这里，我们展示了与IgG对照相比，使用市售的中和IgG抗体对抗SARS-CoV-2 Spike RBD的稀释曲线（有关两种抗体的详细信息，请参见 <stron...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Detection of SARS-CoV-2 Neutralizing Antibodies using High-Throughput Fluorescent Imaging of Pseudovirus Infection at JoVE.com

Detection of SARS-CoV-2 Neutralizing Antibodies using High-Throughput Fluorescent Imaging of Pseudovirus Infection

这里描述的方案概述了一种快速有效的方法来测量针对SARS-CoV-2刺突蛋白的中和抗体，方法是评估恢复期血清样品通过增强型绿色荧光蛋白标记的水泡性口炎病毒抑制感染的能力。

使用假病毒感染的高通量荧光成像检测SARS-CoV-2中和抗体

As the COVID-19 pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) continues to evolve, it has become evident that the ...

这种方法提供了一种方法来回答有关正在开发的SARS-CORONAVIRUS-2疫苗的更重要问题之一。疫苗是否能够引发中和抗体反应？这种技术的主要优点是可以在二级密闭设施中完成。它还相对快速且便宜，非常适合一次分析许多样品。为了演示中和酸的程序，我们有实验室的高级技师Ricardo Marius和医学博士生Taylor Jamieson。首先在DMEM中培养Vero E6细胞，在37摄氏度和5%二氧化碳下补充10%FBS。要使细胞通过，首先通过加入10毫升PBS并轻轻摇动培养皿四到五次来洗涤它们。吸出PBS后，加入三毫升胰蛋白酶EDTA并摇动培养皿，以确保在37摄氏度下孵育之前覆盖整个表面。一旦细胞脱离，通过添加七毫升补充有10%FBS的DMEM来停用胰蛋白酶，然后通过上下移液几次来重悬细胞。通过离心除去胰蛋白酶并吸出上清液而不干扰细胞沉淀，然后将细胞重悬于10毫升新鲜DMEM中。计数后，将大约10至第七个细胞加入每个15厘米的板中，并孵育培养物一到两天，直到细胞100%汇合。为了制备VSV尖峰EGFP假病毒以进行滴定，用稀释在12毫升无血清DMEM中的储备病毒感染感染0.01倍感染细胞。加入病毒后，将细胞在37摄氏度和5%二氧化碳下孵育一小时，偶尔摇晃。在孵育结束时，用补充有2%FBS和20毫摩尔堆的新鲜DMEM替换接种物，然后将细胞在34摄氏度和5%二氧化碳下孵育24小时。第二天，使用荧光显微镜可视化受感染细胞的EGFP表达。一旦观察到广泛的细胞病变效应和细胞脱离，收集培养物上清液并通过离心除去碎片。为避免多次冻融循环，在储存在零下80摄氏度之前等分上清液。为了确定病毒滴度，将Vero E6细胞以每孔6倍10至第5个细胞的接种密度接种在六个孔板中，并孵育过夜。第二天，通过向第一管中加入900微升培养基至7微量离心管，并在第一管中加入100微升病毒原液，设置十倍连续稀释系列病毒原液。短暂涡旋后，将100微升稀释的病毒转移到每个后续管中，在每个管之间涡旋。然后用500微升的10至10至10至10至负7个病毒稀释液替换Vero E6培养板每个孔中的上清液。在细胞培养箱中孵育45分钟后，每15分钟轻轻摇动一次，用覆盖溶液替换接种物，并将细胞在34摄氏度下用5%二氧化碳孵育48小时。在孵育结束时，通过结晶紫染色来观察斑块，用PBS洗涤细胞一次，然后向每个孔中加入两毫升0.1%结晶紫。将板放在摇臂上，在室温下约20分钟，然后用PBS轻轻清洗每个孔两次。最后一次洗涤后，让板风干至少一个小时，然后使用指示的配方以每毫升斑块形成单位计算每个孔中病毒的滴度。要将细胞接种中和测定，请使用多通道移液器以每毫升10至第五个细胞的密度向96孔板的每个孔中加入100微升Vero E6细胞，并在37摄氏度和5%二氧化碳下孵育板24小时。第二天，加热灭活患者血清样品，在56摄氏度的水浴中测试30分钟。然后在A排的每个孔中加入8微升血清与抗生素的72微升无血清DMEM，在空的96孔组织培养板中设置患者血清样品的十倍稀释系列，然后在B行的每个孔中加入40微升无血清DMEM至G，向H排的每个孔中加入80微升。 混合A行中的样品，然后将40微升样品从A行的每个孔转移到B行的每个孔中.混合后，重复对每行后续孔的稀释，直到行F.接下来，向A行至G行中的每个孔中加入40微升VSV峰EGFP，感染率为0.05， 并通过移液四到五次混合，然后将板在37摄氏度和5%二氧化碳下孵育一小时。在孵育结束时，小心地从Vero E6培养板的每个孔中吸出上清液，并将60微升抗体病毒混合物从样品稀释板的每个孔转移到细胞培养板的相应孔中。转移所有样品后，将细胞培养板置于37摄氏度和5%二氧化碳下一小时，每20分钟摇动一次。孵育完成后，向细胞培养板的每个孔中加入140微升羧甲基纤维素覆盖溶液，并将板转移到34摄氏度和5%二氧化碳培养箱中。24小时后，在488纳米波长的自动荧光成像仪上对板进行成像，并使用成像仪的自动计数功能来量化单个EGFP病灶。在这个具有代表性的例子中，市售的针对SARS-coronavirus-2尖峰受体结合域的中和抗体被用作阳性对照，与IgG一起用作阴性对照。抑制百分比是根据通过荧光成像检测到的EGFP病灶的数量计算的。在SARS-coronavirus-2感染后约三个月收集的恢复期患者样本对假病毒中和显示，与不需要住院的患者相比，住院患者的中和能力有所提高。该程序还可用于评估旨在阻断病毒感染的其他COVID-19预防和治疗剂。

Research

JoVE Journal

Immunology and Infection

High-throughput Detection Method for Influenza Virus

流感病毒的高通量检测方法

Influenza virus is a respiratory pathogen that causes a high degree of morbidity and mortality every year in multiple parts of the world. Therefore, ...

科研

免疫与感染

Generation of Escape Variants of Neutralizing Influenza Virus Monoclonal Antibodies

中和流感病毒单克隆抗体逃逸变种的产生

Influenza viruses exhibit a remarkable ability to adapt and evade the host immune response. One way is through antigenic changes that occur on the surface ...

A High-throughput Platform for the Screening of Salmonella spp./Shigella spp.

A High-throughput Platform for the Screening of Salmonella spp./Shigella spp.

沙门氏菌筛选的高通量平台.

Fecal-oral transmission of acute gastroenteritis occurs from time to time, especially when people who handled food and water are infected by Salmonella ...

Visualization of SARS-CoV-2 using Immuno RNA-Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization

使用免疫RNA-荧光原位杂交对SARS-CoV-2进行可视化

This manuscript provides a protocol for in situ hybridization chain reaction (HCR) coupled with immunofluorescence to visualize severe acute respiratory ...

A Rapid, Multiplex Dual Reporter IgG and IgM SARS-CoV-2 Neutralization Assay for a Multiplexed Bead-Based Flow Analysis System

基于多路复用珠子的流量分析系统的快速、多路双记者 IgG 和 Igm SARS-CoV-2 中和检测

The COVID-19 pandemic has underscored the need for rapid high-throughput methods for sensitive and specific serological detection of infection with novel ...

Detection of SARS-CoV-2 Receptor-Binding Domain Antibody using a HiBiT-Based Bioreporter

使用基于HiBiT的生物报告器检测SARS-CoV-2受体结合域抗体

The emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic has increased the need for better serological detection methods to determine the epidemiologic impact of severe ...

Live Imaging and Quantification of Viral Infection in K18 hACE2 Transgenic Mice Using Reporter-Expressing Recombinant SARS-CoV-2

使用报告基因表达重组SARS-CoV-2对K18 hACE2转基因小鼠的病毒感染进行实时成像和定量

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has been caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). To date, SARS-CoV-2 has ...

Efficient SARS-CoV-2 Quantitative Reverse Transcriptase PCR Saliva Diagnostic Strategy utilizing Open-Source Pipetting Robots

利用开源移液机器人的高效SARS-CoV-2定量逆转录酶PCR唾液诊断策略

The emergence of the recent SARS-CoV-2 global health crisis introduced key challenges for epidemiological research and clinical testing. Characterized by ...

Quantifying Vaccine-Induced Neutralizing Antibodies in SARS-CoV-2 Variants

Application of Ha-CoV-2 Pseudovirus for Rapid Quantification of SARS-CoV-2 Variants and Neutralizing Antibodies

Author Spotlight: A Pseudotype Virus System for Assessing Omicron Subvariants and Neutralizing Antibodies in SARS-CoV-2 Research

The coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic (COVID-19) has highlighted the need for rapid assays to accurately measure the infectivity of emerging SARS-CoV-2 ...

Assessing Serum Neutralization Against SARS-CoV-2 with Pseudotyped Viruses

Pseudotyped Viruses As a Molecular Tool to Monitor Humoral Immune Responses Against SARS-CoV-2 Via Neutralization Assay

Studying Host-Virus Interactions with Pseudotyped Viruses (Video) | JoVE

假型病毒作为通过中和测定监测针对 SARS-CoV-2 的体液免疫反应的分子工具

Pseudotyped viruses (PVs) are molecular tools that can be used to study host-virus interactions and to test the neutralizing ability of serum samples, in ...