Name: quantification of optic nerve cross sectional area on mri: a novel protocol using fiji software
Uploaded: 2021-09-04T15:00:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Quantification of Optic Nerve Cross Sectional Area on MRI: A Novel Protocol using Fiji Software at JoVE.com

我们要感谢法里斯·哈达德和哈桑·艾尔-伊萨在视频拍摄和开发方面作出的重要贡献。

以下研究得到了约旦大学医院研究委员会和机构审查委员会的批准。以下协议将描述用于获取 MRI 图像的成像技术，然后使用斐济软件进行图像处理和视神经定量。
1. MRI 图像采集
注：MR 图像采集使用 3 特斯拉 （3 T） MRI 执行多平面 T2 加权脂肪抑制序列 （材料表） 完成。
<ol><li>向患者充分解释检查情况。以下内容包括需要向患者提及的说?...

<ol>
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我们描述了一个协议，以评估和量化视神经白质，可用于青光眼患者评估。该协议使用广泛可用的成像序列进行图像采集，并使用开源斐济软件进行图像分析。我们标准化了以前在视神经图像采集中发现最准确和高度可重复的图像参数，包括要求患者直接固定在前面，使用带有脂肪抑制序列的 T2，以及捕获地球后面 3 mm 的横截面区域。此外，我们描述了一个详细的图像分析方法，消除手动分割，?...

青光眼是一种视神经病变，被认为是不可逆转的失明的最常见原因1。尽管如此，它在病理生理学和诊断方面仍然知之甚少，没有建立诊断2的单一标准参考。根据国家健康与护理卓越研究所（NICE）的诊断，原发性开角青光眼（POAG）的诊断需要多个领域的评估，包括光学光盘评估基金考试或光学相干断层扫描（OCT）成像，视觉场评估和眼内压力测量3。诊断青光眼背后的理念是建立进展视神经病变的存在，这可以在10月4日量做。在这方面，MRI也可用于视神经评估和其白质区域5的量化，但要使之在临床上有意义，用于视神经白质量化的方案需要标准化。此外，协议还应适应个体间的变化，一个因素，可能会影响不同疾病的准确性6。
青光眼的视神经评估通过眼科成像进行最佳评估，包括OCT，其中对视神经最前的部分（例如视盘）进行评估。另一方面，使用MRI进行视神经评估通常评估视神经在距离地球不同距离的逆光棒部分。几项研究发现，使用OCT和MRI7，8的光学盘评估之间有很强的相关性。然而，对于核磁共振成像的视神经评估和定量，仍然没有统一的协议。概述核磁共振成像上的视神经边界已被用来量化其横截面区域5。但是，此方法具有相当大的中间利率变异性，因为它需要由经验丰富的评分员完成，并且需要相当长的时间来概述。当前项目的目的是提供一个协议，为光学神经横截面评估和量化的统一方法提供一个协议，使用3T MRI进行图像采集，图像采集和图像J的斐济软件进行图像处理和量化。

<table border="1" fo:keep-together.within-page="1" fo:keep-with-next.within-page="always">
	<tbody>
		<tr>
			<td>Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) machine</td>
			<td>Siemens Magnetom Verio</td>
			<td>N/A</td>
			<td>3T MRI scanner</td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

quantification of optic nerve cross sectional area on mri: a novel protocol using fiji software

视神经评估是青光眼诊断和随访的一个重要方面。该项目描述了使用 3 T MRI 进行图像采集的光学神经横截面评估和量化统一方法的协议，以及 ImageJ 的斐济图像处理量化软件。图像采集使用 3 T MRI 进行，为患者提供适当的指示，以确保成像过程中的直固定。使用了T2加权脂肪抑制序列。在地球后面3毫米处和垂直于视神经轴的日冕切口应上传到软件中。利用阈值函数，选择和量化视神经的白质区域，从而消除个体间测量偏差。我们还根据先前出版的文献，根据年龄描述了视神经横截面区域的正常极限。我们使用描述的协议来评估疑似青光眼患者的视神经。发现视神经横截面区域在正常限度内，这一发现通过视神经的光学连贯断层扫描进一步得到证实。

一名30岁男病人接受眼科检查的杯盘比为0.8（图1A），这令人怀疑，可能暗示青光眼。在为神经纤维层厚度进行光学连贯断层扫描时，我们发现神经厚度在正常年龄限制内（图1B）。患者被安排在轨道MRI，在那里根据上述协议订购和执行视神经评估的日冕切口。
我们获得了日冕核磁共振成像切割，在光学光盘后面3毫米。白质平均强?...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Quantification of Optic Nerve Cross Sectional Area on MRI: A Novel Protocol using Fiji Software at JoVE.com

Quantification of Optic Nerve Cross Sectional Area on MRI: A Novel Protocol using Fiji Software

我们使用 MRI、使用广泛可用的成像序列和打开图像分析访问软件，为光学神经评估和量化的标准化方法提供了详细的协议。遵循这一标准化协议将为不同患者和不同研究之间的比较提供有意义的数据。

MRI 上光学神经横截面区域的量化：使用斐济软件的新协议

Optic nerve assessment is an important aspect of glaucoma diagnosis and follow-up. This project describes a protocol for a unified methodology of optic ...

本协议旨在使用 MRI 描述视神经横截面区域评估的标准化方法。我们将使用广泛可用的成像序列描述图像采集。我们还将使用开源功能软件描述图像分析。这种协议的重要用途之一是在青光眼患者评估，在那里它将提供关于视神经完整性的宝贵数据。图像采集协议将首先向患者充分解释检查情况，并且需要遵循以下说明。您需要换上一件特殊的成像礼服。您需要确保不携带或佩戴任何金属材料，这可能包括某些类型的面罩。某些植入设备可能与 MRI 成像不兼容，这可能包括心脏起搏器和胰岛素泵。你必须通知医生你体内留下的任何金属物体。由于 MRI 机器的空间有限，检查可能不适合幽闭恐惧症患者。检查预计需要15分钟，病人需要保持静止。适当的同意书需要由患者签署。在成像之前，医生会向患者解释这些步骤，并指示他们专注于 MRI 机器中的直靶，以便获得正确定位的图像。进一步的预防措施被解释和安全设备，如耳机和恐慌按钮提供给病人，以确保一个适当和舒适的检查。视神经的冠状切口将采取矫形，即。垂直于神经三毫米后地球。童子军图像在转移锯和斜下垂飞机将用于确保最佳的视神经方向和视神经球结定位。凝视固定的质量可以通过围绕视神经的CSF分布访问，在视神经周围应均匀分布，四面厚度几乎相等。输入以下参数以进行图像采集。在T2加权脂肪抑制序列，TR，3000毫秒。TE，90毫秒视野，16乘16厘米。矩阵， 296 乘 384。切片厚度，三毫米。切片间隙，0.3 毫米。分析的最后图像是斜冠状图像，距地球三毫米。对于图像分析协议，我们将首先从 imagej.net 下载斐济图像处理包。我们将首先访问他们的网站，选择下载，斐济，然后选择适合您的设备的版本。安装后，启动斐济计划。通过选择"文件"、"打开"，然后选择您想要的日冕图像，将视神经的日冕图像上传到程序。请注意，您需要在传输过程中保持图像质量，因为不这样做会导致不可靠的图像分析结果。通过指定每个长度单位的像素数来标准化刻度。这可以通过在地图刻度上绘制一条直线来完成。然后从分析菜单栏中选择"设置规模"。指定地图刻度上显示的线的长度，并指定适当的长度单位。使用图像菜单将图像转换为灰度，然后选择类型，然后选择 8 位。量化白质像素的强度范围，选择拉索选择工具，通过去插件菜单，细分，然后拉索选择，然后选择足够的白质区域。要扩大面积，要保持移位并扩展白质。在此过程中，请确保不覆盖任何灰质。总共选择的面积为 1000 像素就足够了。您可以通过分析，然后测量，以量化所选区域，确保选择 1000 像素。从分析菜单中打开直方图工具，该工具显示所选白质区域的像素强度分布。单击"实时"框以确保直方图评估选定的区域。直方图上的图形应显示强度的正常分布。计算白质强度范围如下，低限为平均强度，负三倍标准偏差。就我们而言，这是94.372，减去3，乘以7.085。上限是平均强度，外加三倍标准偏差。就我们而言，它是94.372，加上三倍7.085。要打开阈值工具，请转到"图像"菜单，然后进行调整，然后选择阈值。通过选择集，然后键入上限和下限来指定从上一步计算的范围。就我们而言，是73和115。仅勾选"黑暗背景"功能，并指定"下拉列表"中的黑白注释 B&W，然后单击"应用"。光学光盘中存在的白质面罩将出现。使用拉索选择工具（如上文所述，可以从插件菜单中选择，也可以从快速选择菜单中选择代表光学光盘的黑色区域。使用分析菜单栏中的测量功能来计算以厘米为单位测量的光学光盘的面积。在我们的例子中，它是0.069。一名30岁男性患者接受眼科检查的杯对碟比率为0.8，这令人怀疑，可能暗示青光眼。在为神经纤维层厚度进行光学连贯断层扫描时，我们发现神经厚度在正常年龄限制内。病人计划进行头部核磁共振成像，根据先前提到的协议，下令进行视神经评估的日冕切口。我们获得了日冕核磁共振成像在光学光盘后面切开三毫米。白质平均强度为94.372，标准偏差为7.085，导致白质强度范围为下限，94.372减去21.255，等于73.117。上限， 94.372， 加上 21.255， 等于 115.627.图 2A 显示日冕图像。图 2B 使用计算的上限和下限应用白质阈值后显示日冕图像。而图2C显示视神经白质进行量化。左视神经白质的横截面面积为6.9毫米平方，处于其年龄的正常限度内。我们为使用 MRI 机器进行视神经评估和量化的标准化方法提供了详细的协议，非专业医生可以高可靠性地执行该方法。我们建议采用这个协议进行视神经评估的研究，这将使研究结果之间能够进行比较。此外，我们建议使用此协议时，MRI图像被命令排除视神经神经病变和青光眼的次要原因。

Research

JoVE Journal

Medicine

A Novel Technique of Rescuing Capsulorhexis Radial Tear-out using a Cystotome

径向的抢救囊撕式的新技术，使用一个Cystotome

Part 1 : Purpose:   To demonstrate a capsulorhexis radial tear out rescue technique using a cystotome on a virtual reality cataract surgery simulator and ...

科研

医学

MRI-guided Disruption of the Blood-brain Barrier using Transcranial Focused Ultrasound in a Rat Model

MRI引导下的破坏血脑屏障在大鼠模型经颅聚焦超声

Focused ultrasound (FUS) disruption of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) is an increasingly investigated technique for circumventing the BBB1-5. The BBB is a ...

Epidural Intracranial Pressure Measurement in Rats Using a Fiber-optic Pressure Transducer

硬膜外颅内压测量中使用的光纤压力传感器的大鼠

Elevated intracranial pressure (ICP) is a significant problem in several forms of ischemic brain injury including stroke, traumatic brain injury and ...

A Three-dimensional Tissue Culture Model to Study Primary Human Bone Marrow and its Malignancies

三维组织培养模型研究人类原发性骨髓和恶性肿瘤

Tissue culture has been an invaluable tool to study many aspects of cell function, from normal development to disease. Conventional cell culture methods ...

Candida albicans Biofilm Development on Medically-relevant Foreign Bodies in a Mouse Subcutaneous Model Followed by Bioluminescence Imaging

Candida albicans Biofilm Development on Medically-relevant Foreign Bodies in a Mouse Subcutaneous Model Followed by Bioluminescence Imaging

白色念珠菌生物膜发展在医学上，国外相关机构在小鼠皮下型号其次是生物发光成像

Candida albicans biofilm development on biotic and/or abiotic surfaces represents a specific threat for hospitalized patients. So far, C. albicans ...

Quantification of the Immunosuppressant Tacrolimus on Dried Blood Spots Using LC-MS/MS

在免疫抑制剂他克莫司对干血斑使用LC-MS / MS定量

The calcineurin inhibitor tacrolimus is the cornerstone of most immunosuppressive treatment protocols after solid organ transplantation in the United ...

A Multicenter MRI Protocol for the Evaluation and Quantification of Deep Vein Thrombosis

深静脉血栓形成的评价和定量的多中心MRI协议

We evaluated a magnetic resonance venography (MRV) approach with gadofosveset to quantify total thrombus volume changes as the principal criterion for ...

A Step by Step Protocol for Subretinal Surgery in Rabbits

一种用于兔视网膜下手术分步协议

Age related macular degeneration (AMD), retinitis pigmentosa, and other RPE related diseases are the most common causes for irreversible loss of vision in ...

A Detailed Protocol for Perspiration Monitoring Using a Novel, Small, Wireless Device

详细的汗渍监控协议使用一种新的，小的，无线设备

Perspiration monitoring can be utilized for the detection of certain diseases, such as thermoregulation and mental disorders, particularly when the ...

A Rabbit Venous Interposition Model Mimicking Revascularization Surgery using Vein Grafts to Assess Intimal Hyperplasia under Arterial Blood Pressure

兔子静脉介词模型模仿再血管化手术使用静脉移植评估动脉血压下的影响增生

Although vein grafts have been commonly used as autologous grafts in revascularization surgeries for ischemic diseases, the long-term patency remains poor ...