Name: a modified simple method for induction of myocardial infarction in mice
Uploaded: 2021-12-03T13:00:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about A Modified Simple Method for Induction of Myocardial Infarction in Mice at JoVE.com

这项工作得到了国家自然科学基金（81930007,81625002,81800307,81470389,81500221,81770238），上海市杰出学术带头人计划（18XD1402400），上海市科学技术委员会（201409005200），上海浦江人才计划（2020PJD030）和中国博士后科学基金（2020M671161，BX20190216）的资助。

涉及动物工作的实验是在上海交通大学医学院附属仁济医院实验动物福利伦理委员会（R52021-0506）的所有必要批准下进行的。该研究使用了年龄在8-10周之间的雌性和雄性C57BL / 6J小鼠。
1.简易麻醉设备的准备（可选）
注意： 这是一个可选的术前设置，可以替换为第 2 节中提到的可滴定麻醉。在将此设置调整为动物程序之前，应咨询机构动物伦?...

<ol>
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A method of coronary occlusion in small animals.</a> Annals of Surgery. 140 (5), 675-682 (1954).</li><li>Ahn, D., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Induction+of+myocardial+infarcts+of+a+predictable+size+and+location+by+branch+pattern+probability-assisted+coronary+ligation+in+C57BL/6+mice.">Induction of myocardial infarcts of a predictable size and location by branch pattern probability-assisted coronary ligation in C57BL/6 mice.</a> American Journal of Physiology. Heart and Circulatory Physiology. 286 (3), 1201-1207 (2004).</li><li>Gao, E., Koch, W. 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本报告展示了一种使用现成材料在小鼠中诱导心肌梗死的简单方案，该方案是从 Gao16 报告的方法修改而来的。小鼠心肌梗死模型对于心肌梗死后功能障碍和重塑的机理探索和药物筛选是必不可少的12.在现有的心肌梗死诱导技术中，冠状动脉结扎术是最常用的一种。冠状动脉结扎术忠实地概括了心肌梗死的缺血性质，并导致类似于临床情况的瘢痕愈合和重塑反应...

心肌梗死 （MI） 是全球死亡和残疾的重要原因之一 1,2,3,4,5。尽管及时进行了再灌注，但目前缺乏治疗心肌梗死后心脏重塑的有效疗法。相应地，在MI 6,7,8的机理探索和治疗开发方面也做出了相当大的努力。值得注意的是，建立MI模型是实现这些目标的先决条件。
已经提出了几种方法（例如，异丙肾上腺素治疗、冷冻损伤、冠状动脉结扎等）来诱导小动物的心肌梗死模型。异丙肾上腺素治疗是诱导心肌梗死的简单方法，但不能诱发靶区梗死9。冷冻损伤通过冰晶的产生和细胞膜的破坏而不是直接缺血导致心肌坏死10。相比之下，冠状动脉结扎术可以精确控制梗死部位和梗死区域的范围，并忠实地再现梗死后的重塑反应11,12。冠状动脉结扎术通常在插管、机械通气和开胸手术后进行，这在技术上具有挑战性13,14。报道了几种改良的冠状动脉结扎方案（例如，无通气）并增强了心肌梗死的诱导，但缺乏详细的视觉演示15,16,17。这些问题对希望使用MI模型进行研究的团体构成了重大的财务和技术障碍。本报告介绍了一种在小鼠中诱导心肌梗死的方法。目前的方法简单、省时，并且使用大多数实验室中容易找到的手术工具和设备。

<table border="1" fo:keep-together.within-page="1" fo:keep-with-next.within-page="always">
	<tbody>
		<tr>
			<td>2,3,5-Triphenyltetrazolium chloride</td>
			<td>SIGMA</td>
			<td>T8877-25G</td>
			<td>TTC staining</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>4-0 silk suture</td>
			<td>YUANKANG</td>
			<td>4-0</td>
			<td>Surgical instrument</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Autoclave</td>
			<td>HIRAYAMA</td>
			<td>HVE-50</td>
			<td>Sterilization for the solid</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Buprenorphine</td>
			<td>Qinghai Pharmaceutical FACTORY Co., Ltd.</td>
			<td>H10940181</td>
			<td>reduce post-operative pain</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Centrifugation tube</td>
			<td>Biological Hope</td>
			<td>1850-K</td>
			<td>15ML</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Depilatory cream</td>
			<td>ZIKER BIOTECHNOLOGY</td>
			<td>ZK-L2701</td>
			<td>Depilation agent for laboratory animals</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Forcep</td>
			<td>RWD</td>
			<td>F12028</td>
			<td>Surgical instrument</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Gas filter</td>
			<td>ZHAOXIN</td>
			<td>SA-493</td>
			<td>Operator protection</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Isoflurane</td>
			<td>RWD</td>
			<td>20071302</td>
			<td>Used for anesthesia</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Light source</td>
			<td>Beijing PDV</td>
			<td>LG-150B</td>
			<td>Operating lamp</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Micro-mosquito hemostat</td>
			<td>FST</td>
			<td>13011-12</td>
			<td>Surgical instrument</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Needle</td>
			<td>BINXIONG</td>
			<td>42180104</td>
			<td>Surgical instrument</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Needle and the 6-0 silk suture</td>
			<td>JIAHE</td>
			<td>SC086</td>
			<td>Surgical instrument</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Needle holder</td>
			<td>ShangHaiJZ</td>
			<td>J32030</td>
			<td>Surgical instrument</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Needle holder</td>
			<td>ShangHaiJZ</td>
			<td>J32010</td>
			<td>Surgical instrument</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Povidone-iodine swabs</td>
			<td>SingleLady</td>
			<td>GB26368-2010</td>
			<td>Skin disinfection</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Scissors</td>
			<td>CNSTRONG</td>
			<td>JYJ1030</td>
			<td>Surgical instrument</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Sterile eye cream</td>
			<td>Shenyang Xingqi Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.</td>
			<td>H10940177</td>
			<td>prevent corneal dryness</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Ultra-high resolution ultrasound imaging system for small animals</td>
			<td>VisualSonics</td>
			<td>Vevo 2100</td>
			<td>Echocardiographic analysis</td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

a modified simple method for induction of myocardial infarction in mice

心肌梗死（MI）是导致死亡的主要原因之一。心肌梗死模型被广泛用于研究心肌梗死后重塑的病理机制和新疗法的评估。与异丙肾上腺素治疗和冷冻损伤相比，冠状动脉结扎术可能更能反映心肌梗死后的缺血反应和慢性重塑。然而，传统的小鼠冠状动脉结扎方法在技术上具有挑战性。目前的研究描述了一种简单有效的过程，用于使用现成的材料在小鼠中诱导MI。在稳定麻醉下切开小鼠胸部皮肤。在胸大肌和胸小肌钝性分离后，心脏立即通过肋间腔外化。左前降支 （LAD） 在距其原点 3 mm 处用 6-0 缝合线结扎。LAD 连接后，用 2,3,5-三苯基氯化四氮唑 （TTC） 染色表明 MI 成功诱导和 MI 后瘢痕大小的时间变化。同时，生存分析结果显示心肌梗死后7天内明显死亡，主要由心脏破裂引起。此外，心肌梗死后超声心动图评估显示成功诱导收缩功能障碍和心室重塑。一旦掌握，就可以在2-3分钟内使用现成的材料在小鼠中建立MI模型。

实验方案和一些关键步骤如图1所示。简化的麻醉设备诱导麻醉。如图2A所示，诱导麻醉是稳定的，如常规呼吸频率（测试小鼠的呼吸频率为90-107次/分钟）所反映的那样。冠状动脉结扎术后，TTC染色分析显示心肌梗死成功诱导，心肌梗死后瘢痕大小发生时间变化（图2B）。同时，存活分析结果显示雄性和雌性C57BL / 6J小鼠在心肌梗死...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about A Modified Simple Method for Induction of Myocardial Infarction in Mice at JoVE.com

A Modified Simple Method for Induction of Myocardial Infarction in Mice

在充分麻醉下，小鼠心脏通过肋间腔外化，并使用大多数实验室中现成的材料结扎左前降支 （LAD） 成功诱导心肌梗死。

一种改良的小鼠心肌梗死诱导简易方法

Myocardial infarction (MI) represents one of the leading causes of death. MI models are widely used for investigating the pathomechanisms of post-MI ...

本报告提出了一种诱导小鼠心肌梗死的独特方法。目前的方法简单、省时，并且使用大多数实验室中容易找到的手术管和设备。心肌梗死模型的建立为研究心肌梗死后重塑的既往机制和新疗法的变异提供了前提。将脱毛膏涂抹在小鼠胸部，等待一分钟。然后用湿纱布轻轻擦去脱毛膏和头发。将鼠标固定在仰卧位的手术平台上。按照文中所述对手术区域进行消毒。然后在消毒区域周围放置无菌窗帘。沿着剑突和腋窝的连接线切开0.5厘米的皮肤，用镊子钝性地分开胸大肌和胸小肌。使用Micro-Mosquito止血器打开第四肋间空间。用左手食指将心脏推向第四肋间隙，将心脏外化。用左手固定心脏，并用 6/0 缝合线将左前降支结扎在距其原点 3 毫米处。迅速将心脏放回胸腔。轻轻按压胸腔，将空气排出胸腔。对于术后疼痛管理，每 4 至 6 小时皮下注射一次丁丙诺啡，持续术后长达 72 小时。将鼠标放在加热垫上以从麻醉中恢复。将安乐死的小鼠固定在手术平台上的仰卧位。在上腹部做一个大约三到四厘米的腹侧切口。从胸腔两侧切掉肋骨，然后取下横膈膜。通过心室内注射用 10 毫升冷的 4 摄氏度 1X PBS 灌注心脏。然后通过切断主动脉根部来收集心脏，并立即将其储存在零下 80 摄氏度。使用剃须刀片将冷冻的心脏在冰上切成一毫米厚的部分。将准备好的心脏切片在溶解在 37 摄氏度的 1X PBS 中的 1% TTC 溶液中孵育 10 至 15 分钟。然后使用数码相机拍摄切片。冠状动脉结扎术后，TTC染色分析显示心肌梗死诱导成功，心肌梗死后瘢痕大小随时间变化。生存分析结果显示，雄性和雌性C57BL/6J小鼠在心肌梗死后7天内出现明显死亡。心室破裂是心肌梗死后死亡的常见原因。心肌梗死后超声心动图评估显示成功诱导收缩功能障碍和心室重塑。当试图将心脏外化时，不要先按压胸腔，跟随我们的抵抗，表明需要调整方向以对抗加权的赞美。在此程序之后，可以进行病毒载体或细胞的心肌内注射，以测试基因疗法或细胞疗法在心脏病方面的疗效。

Research

JoVE Journal

Medicine

Acute Myocardial Infarction in Rats

大鼠急性心肌梗死

With heart failure leading the cause of death in the USA (Hunt), biomedical research is fundamental to advance medical treatments for cardiovascular ...

科研

医学

A Simple Guide Screw Method for Intracranial Xenograft Studies in Mice

一个简单的指南螺杆颅内移植瘤小鼠的研究方法

The grafting of human tumor cells into the brain of immunosuppressed mice is an established method for the study of brain cancers including glioblastoma ...

Induction of Myocardial Infarction in Adult Zebrafish Using Cryoinjury

在成年斑马鱼心肌梗死的感应使用Cryoinjury

The mammalian heart is incapable of significant regeneration following an acute injury such as myocardial infarction1. By contrast, urodele amphibians and ...

A Simple Method of Mouse Lung Intubation

一个简单的方法小鼠肺插管

A  simple procedure to intubate mice for pulmonary function measurements would  have several advantages in longitudinal studies with limited numbers or  ...

Myocardial Infarction and Functional Outcome Assessment in Pigs

心肌梗死和功能预后评估的猪

Introduction of newly discovered cardiovascular therapeutics into first-in-man trials depends on a strictly regulated ethical and legal roadmap. One ...

Minimal Invasive Surgical Procedure of Inducing Myocardial Infarction in Mice

在诱导小鼠心肌梗死的微创手术过程

Myocardial infarction still remains the main cause of death in western countries, despite considerable progress in the stent development area in the last ...

Permanent Ligation of the Left Anterior Descending Coronary Artery in Mice: A Model of Post-myocardial Infarction Remodelling and Heart Failure

左冠状动脉前降支的小鼠结扎：对心肌梗死后重塑和心衰模型

Heart failure is a syndrome in which the heart fails to pump blood at a rate commensurate with cellular oxygen requirements at rest or during stress. It ...

Primary Outcome Assessment in a Pig Model of Acute Myocardial Infarction

急性心肌梗死的猪模型主要成果评估

Mortality after acute myocardial infarction remains substantial and is associated with significant morbidity, like heart failure. Novel therapeutics are ...

Myocardial Infarction in Neonatal Mice, A Model of Cardiac Regeneration

心肌梗死新生小鼠，心肌再生的模型

Myocardial infarction induced by coronary artery ligation has been used in many animal models as a tool to study the mechanisms of cardiac repair and ...

Real-time Pressure-volume Analysis of Acute Myocardial Infarction in Mice

小鼠急性心肌梗死的实时压力容积分析

Acute myocardial infarction can lead to acute heart failure and cardiogenic shock. The evaluation of hemodynamics is critical for the evaluation of any ...