Name: a rodent model of the ross operation: syngeneic pulmonary artery graft implantation in a systemic position
Uploaded: 2022-04-01T14:00:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about A Rodent Model of The Ross Operation: Syngeneic Pulmonary Artery Graft Implantation in A Systemic Position at JoVE.com

该研究由2019年跨部门研究综合预算（BIRD）资助。

所有程序均已获得帕多瓦大学动物护理委员会（OPBA，协议编号N°55/2017）的批准，并得到意大利卫生部的授权（授权号700/2018-PR），符合欧盟指令2010/63 / UE和意大利实验室动物护理和使用法律26/2014。
1. 动物护理和实验模型
<ol><li>确保所有刘易斯大鼠都是从一家公司获得的（材料表）。将老鼠养在传统设施中，免费获得食物和水。</li>
	<li>确保受体组?...

<ol>
	<li>Botto, L. D., Correa, A., Erickson, J. D. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Racial+and+temporal+variations+in+the+prevalence+of+heart+defects.">Racial and temporal variations in the prevalence of heart defects.</a> Pediatrics. 107 (3), 32 (2001).</li><li>Vergnat, M., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Aortic+stenosis+of+the+neonate:+A+single-center+experience.">Aortic stenosis of the neonate: A single-center experience.</a> The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery. 157 (1), 318-326 (2019).</li><li>Hra&#353;ka, V., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+long-term+outcome+of+open+valvotomy+for+critical+aortic+stenosis+in+neonates.">The long-term outcome of open valvotomy for critical aortic stenosis in neonates.</a> The Annals of Thoracic Surgery. 94 (5), 1519-1526 (2012).</li><li>Kaza, A. K., Pigula, F. A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Are+bioprosthetic+valves+appropriate+for+aortic+valve+replacement+in+young+patients.">Are bioprosthetic valves appropriate for aortic valve replacement in young patients.</a> Seminars in Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery: Pediatric Cardiac Surgery Annual. 19 (1), 63-67 (2016).</li><li>Myers, P. O., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Outcomes+after+mechanical+aortic+valve+replacement+in+children+and+young+adults+with+congenital+heart+disease.">Outcomes after mechanical aortic valve replacement in children and young adults with congenital heart disease.</a> The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery. 157 (1), 329-340 (2019).</li><li>Donald, J. S., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Ross+operation+in+children:+23-year+experience+from+a+single+institution.">Ross operation in children: 23-year experience from a single institution.</a> The Annals of thoracic surgery. 109 (4), 1251-1259 (2020).</li><li>Khwaja, S., Nigro, J. J., Starnes, V. A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+Ross+procedure+is+an+ideal+aortic+valve+replacement+operation+for+the+teen+patient.">The Ross procedure is an ideal aortic valve replacement operation for the teen patient.</a> Seminars in Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery: Pediatric Cardiac Surgery Annual. , 173-175 (2005).</li><li>Elkins, R. C., Lane, M. M., McCue, C. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Ross+operation+in+children:+late+results.">Ross operation in children: late results.</a> The Journal of Heart Valve Disease. 10 (6), 736-741 (2001).</li><li>Chambers, J. C., Somerville, J., Stone, S., Ross, D. N. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Pulmonary+autograft+procedure+for+aortic+valve+disease:+long-term+results+of+the+pioneer+series.">Pulmonary autograft procedure for aortic valve disease: long-term results of the pioneer series.</a> Circulation. 96 (7), 2206-2214 (1997).</li><li>Mazine, A., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Ross+procedure+in+adults+for+cardiologists+and+cardiac+surgeons:+JACC+state-of-the-art+review.">Ross procedure in adults for cardiologists and cardiac surgeons: JACC state-of-the-art review.</a> Journal of the American College of Cardiology. 72 (22), 2761-2777 (2018).</li><li>Sengupta, P. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+laboratory+rat:+Relating+its+age+with+humans.">The laboratory rat: Relating its age with humans.</a> International Journal of Preventive Medicine. 4 (6), 624-630 (2013).</li><li>Ashfaq, A., Leeds, H., Shen, I., Muralidaran, A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Reinforced+ross+operation+and+intermediate+to+long+term+follow+up.">Reinforced ross operation and intermediate to long term follow up.</a> Journal of Thoracic Disease. 12 (3), 1219-1223 (2020).</li><li>Vida, V. L., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Age+is+a+risk+factor+for+maladaptive+changes+of+the+pulmonary+root+in+rats+exposed+to+increased+pressure+loading.">Age is a risk factor for maladaptive changes of the pulmonary root in rats exposed to increased pressure loading.</a> Cardiovascular Pathology: The Official Journal of the Society for Cardiovascular Pathology. 21 (3), 199-205 (2012).</li><li>Nappi, F., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=An+experimental+model+of+the+Ross+operation:+Development+of+resorbable+reinforcements+for+pulmonary+autografts.">An experimental model of the Ross operation: Development of resorbable reinforcements for pulmonary autografts.</a> The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery. 149 (4), 1134-1142 (2015).</li><li>Vanderveken, E., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Mechano-biological+adaptation+of+the+pulmonary+artery+exposed+to+systemic+conditions.">Mechano-biological adaptation of the pulmonary artery exposed to systemic conditions.</a> Scientific Reports. 10 (1), 2724 (2020).</li></ol>

由于自体移植的有利特征和潜在生长，使用自体肺根置换主动脉瓣（Ross手术）是先天性主动脉瓣狭窄修复的一个有吸引力的选择10。该手术的主要局限性是主动脉新瓣膜的潜在扩张，这容易导致长期反流的发展。表征暴露于全身压力后肺动脉修饰的可能性可能是理解肺自体移植失败原因的基础。因此，我们开发了一种在啮齿动物模型中全身位置植入同源PAG的实验模型。
<p class...

先天性主动脉瓣狭窄是先天性心脏病的一个亚组，其特征在于左心室梗阻，其中病变位于瓣膜水平。畸形影响每1000名活产婴儿约0.04-0.38人1。
可用于校正的选项很多，每个选项都有自己的优点和缺点。对于适合进行双心室矫正的患者2，该方法可能针对瓣膜修复（经皮或手术瓣膜切开术）或其替代治疗3。当主动脉瓣被认为无法挽救时，后者是首选;然而，对于儿科患者，可用的选择是有限的。事实上，生物瓣膜由于早期钙化，不适合年轻人群中的主动脉置换术4。另一方面，机械瓣膜的退化速度要慢得多，但这些需要终身抗凝治疗5。此外，这些假体的主要局限性表现为缺乏生长潜力，这使患者容易进行额外的再干预。
儿科人群中一个有趣的治疗选择是将肺自体移植物转移到名为"Ross手术"的主动脉位置。在这种情况下，肺动脉瓣随后被同种移植物取代（图1）6。该手术可能是儿童的最佳手术选择，因为肺自体移植物保留了其生长潜力，并且没有终身抗凝治疗的风险。此外，Ross手术在年轻人中也具有很高的价值，可以避免机械或生物瓣膜，有可能成为最佳的手术解决方案。
肺自体移植术置换主动脉瓣后的效果非常好，生存率高于98%，长期结局良好7。文献研究显示，在 4 年和 12 年时，肺同种移植物的替代率分别为 93% 和 90%8。
该手术的主要局限性是自体移植物在长期内扩张的趋势，特别是当用作独立根部替代物时。这可能导致瓣膜功能不全，可能需要再次干预。事实上，迄今为止进行的最长的随访研究报告称，自体移植替代术在10年时为88%，在20年时为75%9。
在实验环境中重建Ross手术的可能性代表了研究肺自体移植适应全身压力的潜在机制的基本先决条件。过去曾提出过几种模式。然而，这些通常仅限于 离体 实验或具有相对昂贵的大型动物的 体内 动物模型。在这项研究中，我们试图建立一种啮齿动物模型，将肺动脉移植（PAG）植入在全身位置，作为独立根。

<table border="1" fo:keep-together.within-page="1" fo:keep-with-next.within-page="always">
	<tbody>
		<tr>
			<td>0.9% Sodium Chloride</td>
			<td>Monico SpA</td>
			<td>AIC 030805105</td>
			<td>Two bottles of 100 mL. The cold one (4&#176;C) for flushing the harvesting organ; the warm one (39&#176;C) for moistening, and rehydration of the recipient</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>7.5% Povidone-Iodine</td>
			<td>B Braun</td>
			<td>AIC 032151211</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Barraquer</td>
			<td>Aesculap</td>
			<td>FD 232R</td>
			<td>Straight micro needle holder for the vascular anastomoses</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Castroviejo needle holder</td>
			<td>Not available</td>
			<td>J 4065</td>
			<td>To close the animal</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Clip applying forceps</td>
			<td>Rudolf Medical</td>
			<td>RU 3994-05</td>
			<td>For clip application</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Cotton swabs</td>
			<td>Johnson &#38; Johnson Medical SpA</td>
			<td>N/A</td>
			<td>Supermarket product. Sterilized</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Curved micro jeweller forceps</td>
			<td>Rudolf Medical</td>
			<td>RU 4240-06</td>
			<td>Used to pass sutures underneath the vases.</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Depilatory cream</td>
			<td>RB healthcare</td>
			<td>N/A</td>
			<td>Supermarket product</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Electrocautery machine</td>
			<td>LED SpA</td>
			<td>Surton 200</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Fine scissors</td>
			<td>Rudolf Medical</td>
			<td>RU 2422-11</td>
			<td>For opening the abdomen (recipient)</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Fine-tip curved Vannas micro scissors</td>
			<td>Aesculap</td>
			<td>OC 497R</td>
			<td>Only for preparing the pulmonary root, cut the lumbar vases and the 10/0 Prolene</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Fluovac Isoflurane/Halotane Scavanger unit</td>
			<td>Harvard Apparatus Ltd</td>
			<td>K 017041</td>
			<td>Complete of anesthesia machine, anesthesia tubing, induction chamber and scavenger unit with absorbable filter</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Gentamycin</td>
			<td>MSD Italia Srl</td>
			<td>AIC 020891014</td>
			<td>Antibiotic. Single dose, 5 mg/kg intramuscular, administered during surgery</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Heparin</td>
			<td>Pharmatex Italia Srl</td>
			<td>AIC 034692044</td>
			<td>500 IU into the recipient abdominal vena cava</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>I.V. Catheter</td>
			<td>Smiths Medical Ltd</td>
			<td>4036</td>
			<td>20G</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Insulin Syringe, 1 mL</td>
			<td>Fisher Scientific</td>
			<td>14-841-33</td>
			<td>To inject heparin in the harvesting animal and to flush the sectioned aorta in the recipient</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Jeweler bipolar forceps</td>
			<td>GIMA SpA</td>
			<td>30665</td>
			<td>0.25 mm tip. For electrocautery of very small vases</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Lewis rats (LEW/HanHsd)</td>
			<td>Envigo RMS SRL, San Pietro al Natisone, Udine, Italy</td>
			<td>86104M</td>
			<td>Male or female, weighing 200-250 g (pulmonary root harvesting animals) and 320-400 g (recipients)</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Micro-Mosquito</td>
			<td>Rudolf Medical</td>
			<td>RU 3121-10</td>
			<td>In number of four, with tips covered with silicon tubing. To keep in traction the Prolene suture during anastomosis</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Operating microscope</td>
			<td>Leica Microsystems</td>
			<td>M 400-E</td>
			<td>Used with 6x, 10x and 16x in-procedure interchangeable magnifications</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Perma-Hand silk 2-0</td>
			<td>Johnson &#38; Johnson Medical SpA</td>
			<td>C026D</td>
			<td>To lift the aorta</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Petrolatum ophthalmic ointment</td>
			<td>Dechra</td>
			<td>NDC 17033-211-38</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Prolene 10-0</td>
			<td>Johnson &#38; Johnson Medical SpA</td>
			<td>W2790</td>
			<td>Very fine non-absorbable suture, with a BV75-3 round bodied needle, for the vascular anastomoses</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Retractors</td>
			<td>Not any</td>
			<td>N/A</td>
			<td>Two home-made retractors</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Ring tip micro forceps</td>
			<td>Rudolf Medical</td>
			<td>RU 4079-14</td>
			<td>For delicate manipulation</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Sevoflurane</td>
			<td>AbbVie Srl</td>
			<td>AIC 031841036</td>
			<td>Mixed with oxygen, for inhalatory anesthesia</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Spring type micro scissors</td>
			<td>Rudolf Medical</td>
			<td>RU 2380-14</td>
			<td>Straight; 14 cm long</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Standard aneurysm clips</td>
			<td>Rudolf Medical</td>
			<td>RU 3980-12</td>
			<td>Two clips (7.5 mm; 180 g; 1.77 N) to close the aorta</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Sterile gauze of non-woven fabric material</td>
			<td>Luigi Salvadori SpA</td>
			<td>26161V</td>
			<td>7.5x7.5 cm, four layers</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Straight Doyen scissors</td>
			<td>Rudolf Medical</td>
			<td>RU/1428-16</td>
			<td>For use to the donor</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Straight micro jeweller forceps</td>
			<td>Rudolf Medical</td>
			<td>RU 4240-04</td>
			<td>10.5 cm long. Used throughout the anastomosis</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Syringes</td>
			<td>Artsana SpA</td>
			<td>N/A</td>
			<td>20 mL (for the harvesting animal) and 5 mL (for the recipient). For saline flushing and dipping</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>TiCron 4-0</td>
			<td>Covidien</td>
			<td>CV-331</td>
			<td>For closing muscles and skin</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Tissue forceps V. Mueller</td>
			<td>McKesson</td>
			<td>CH 6950-009</td>
			<td>Used for skin and muscles</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Tramadol</td>
			<td>SALF SpA</td>
			<td>AIC 044718029</td>
			<td>Analgesic. Single dose, 5 mg/kg intramuscular</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Virgin silk 8-0</td>
			<td>Johnson &#38; Johnson Medical SpA</td>
			<td>W818</td>
			<td>For arterial branch ligation</td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

a rodent model of the ross operation: syngeneic pulmonary artery graft implantation in a systemic position

Ross主动脉瓣疾病手术由于其出色的长期结果而重新获得了新的兴趣。然而，当用作独立根部替代术时，描述了肺自体移植的可能扩张和随后的主动脉瓣反流。已经提出了几种动物模型。然而，这些通常仅限于 离体 模型或相对昂贵的大型动物模型的 体内 实验。在这项研究中，我们试图建立一种在全身位置植入肺动脉移植（PAG）的啮齿动物模型。总共包括39只成年刘易斯大鼠。安乐死后立即从供体动物身上摘取肺根（n=17）。同源受体（n = 17）和假手术（n = 5）大鼠镇静并通气。在接受组，PAG在肾下腹主动脉位置植入端到端吻合器。假手术大鼠仅接受主动脉的横切和再吻合。对动物进行连续超声检查两个月和死后组织学分析。原生位置的PAG直径中位数为3.20毫米（IQR=3.18-3.23）。随访时，PAG的中位直径在1周时为4.03 mm（IQR=3.74~4.13），1个月时为4.07 mm（IQR=3.80~4.28），2个月时为4.27 mm（IQR=3.90~4.35）（p<0.01）。1周时收缩速度峰值为220.07 mm/s（IQR=210.43-246.41），1个月时为430.88 mm/s（IQR=375.28-495.56），2个月时为373.68 mm/s（IQR=305.78-429.81），与实验结束时的假手术组（p=0.5）没有差异。组织学分析未显示任何内皮血栓形成的体征。这项研究表明，啮齿动物模型可以评估肺根对高压系统的长期适应性。系统放置的同源PAG植入代表了开发和评估新型手术技术和药物治疗的简单可行的平台，以进一步改善Ross手术的结果。

本研究共纳入39只成年刘易斯大鼠：17只动物作为PAG供体，17只动物作为受体，5只作为假手术（对照组）（表1）。雄性大鼠为22只（56%），雌性为17只（44%）;后者仅用于捐助集团。
手术期间未发生致命事件，存活率为100%。在随访期间，移植组的两只动物分别在12天和51天时有致命的结果;研究结束时的存活率为91%（表1）。
受体组大...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about A Rodent Model of The Ross Operation: Syngeneic Pulmonary Artery Graft Implantation in A Systemic Position at JoVE.com

A Rodent Model of The Ross Operation: Syngeneic Pulmonary Artery Graft Implantation in A Systemic Position

我们演示了如何建立肺根植入降主动脉的小鼠模型，以模拟Ross手术。该模型能够对全身位置的肺自体移植重塑进行中长期评估，这是制定治疗策略以促进其适应的基础。

罗斯手术的啮齿动物模型：全身位置的同源肺动脉移植植入

The Ross operation for aortic valve disease has regained new interest due to its outstanding long-term results. Nonetheless, when employed as freestanding ...

先天性主动脉瓣狭窄是先天性心脏病的一个亚组，其特征在于左心室道梗阻，其中病变位于瓣膜水平。可用于矫正先天性主动脉瓣狭窄的选择很多。每个人都有自己的缺点。儿科人群中一个有趣的治疗选择是将肺亲笔签名转移到名为Ross手术的主动脉位置。在这种情况下，肺动脉瓣被同种移植物取代。肺亲笔签名的特征是生长潜力，并且不具有终身抗凝治疗的风险。尽管如此，由于肺部亲笔签名的可能扩张和随后的主动脉瓣反流，其使用仍然非常有限。在这项研究中，我们试图建立一个在全身位置植入肺动脉瓣移植的啮齿动物模型，以评估肺移植物的适应性。在每次操作之前，都要执行所有所需材料的清单。诱导麻醉后，用每分钟一升氧气中的4%七氟醚，将镇静动物放在软木托盘上，用剃须刀剃除腹部。然后使用碘溶液对皮肤进行灭菌。为了保护动物不被弄湿并防止手术过程中的热量分散，动物被透明保鲜膜覆盖。在进行Pfannenstiel耻骨切口之前，通过评估对令人讨厌的刺激没有反应来评估麻醉水平。进行心包切除术和动脉粥样硬化切除术，以获得主动脉弓的完整视图。主动脉周围的剩余脂肪组织也被移除。在血管后壁下插入微钳以隔离肺动脉。为了最大限度地增加与移植物的联系，后者使用微型剪刀尽可能接近其分叉。然后用环形尖端的微镊子轻轻地固定肺动脉，并使用微型弹簧剪刀与右心室分开。因此，收获了肺移植物，包括一些右心室肌肉。将肺动脉放在手术台上用冷盐水润湿的纱布上，并在手术显微镜下检查肺根部。周围组织的任何丰度都被切断。只剩下一毫米的心室肌，而与血管的连接被设定为五毫米。进行正中纵向腹部切口，并使用两个迷你牵开器保持腹部开放。提取肠道，允许可视化和暴露肾下腹主动脉。使用2-0的丝绸缝合线在腹主动脉周围形成一个环，以抬起血管并将腹主动脉与下腔静脉分开。使用两个Yasargil夹子夹住肾下腹主动脉，并放置在彼此相距1.5厘米的距离处。腹主动脉在两个夹子之间的中点被截切。肺动脉被放置在心室末端的两端之间，朝向动物的颅骨部分。使用10-0 Prolene缝合线进行两次具有里程碑意义的单针，将肺动脉连接到腹主动脉。这些缝合线放置在血管近端周长的相对两侧。在移植物的远端进行了相同的手术。然后从远端开始进行肺动脉和腹主动脉之间的端到端吻合。位于外科医生更远端的末端用于后吻合术，使用接受者移植出，进出序列，以创建约六针的连续缝合线。一旦缝合线到达近端地标，使用缝合线和近端地标缝合线的两端之一做一个方形结，完成双半缝。然后将受保护的蚊子施加到缝合线上以提供牵引力。在前壁上进行相同的吻合术。然后在肺动脉的近端进行整个过程，并特别注意避免在缝合线中包含任何传单。首先释放远端夹子，让肺移植物充满逆行血液，即低压流，以检查吻合口。一旦评估了远端吻合口，在近端进行相同的手术。在手术结束时，然后将老鼠置于加热灯下并进行目视监测，直到醒来。在随访期间，这些动物在一周，一个月和两个月进行了连续的超声波检查。这些研究允许测量血管直径，收缩期速度峰值和舒张末期速度。这些参数在移植物内部以及腹主动脉近端和远端水平测量。我们总共使用了39只成年刘易斯大鼠。17只动物作为肺移植供体，17只动物作为受体，5只动物作为假手术并考虑对照组。操作时未发生致命事件。手术后我们有两人死亡，两个月时总生存率为91%。与受体相比，捐赠组的动物中位体重略低，为328克，而受赠者为387克。我们在一周后以6%的体重进行实验，然后所有大鼠在两个月后恢复体重达到397克的中位数。研究结果显示，在植入的第一周内，肺移植物直径迅速显着增加，随后两个月出现平台。肺移植物在遗传位置的中位值为3.2毫米，一周后立即增加到4.0厘米，一个月后维持到4.07毫米，两个月后保持4.27毫米。另一个结果能够证明，在植入一周后，移植水平的2D回声的峰值收缩速度测量值显着显着降低，随后在过去两个月中增加，达到与假手术大鼠获得的值相当的值。在考虑图表的占星分析以及外植时间时，我们没有看到任何明显的内胸血栓形成或多晶化迹象。该啮齿动物模型中同源肺动脉瓣草案植入全身位置的实验模型揭示了安全，有效和可重复性。它为我们提供了表征暴露于全身压力后肺动脉修饰的可能性，这可以代表理解肺自体移植失败原因的基础。所用动物的小尺寸简化了手术和术后管理。这使我们能够获得一个有用的模型，其中有限的细菌和动物费用。结论，目前的研究表明，啮齿动物模型中同源肺移植物的系统位置代表了开发和评估新型手术技术的简单和物理平台，例如旨在减少移植物扩张的根部强化和药物治疗，也许是为了进一步改善Ross手术的结果。

Research

JoVE Journal

Medicine

Training a Sophisticated Microsurgical Technique: Interposition of External Jugular Vein Graft in the Common Carotid Artery in Rats

培养一个精密的显微外科技术在大鼠颈总动脉，颈外静脉移植：介入

Neointimal hyperplasia is one the primary causes of stenosis in arterialized veins that are of great importance in arterial coronary bypass surgery, in ...

科研

医学

A Murine Model of Stent Implantation in the Carotid Artery for the Study of Restenosis

颈动脉支架植入再狭窄的研究的小鼠模型

Despite  the considerable progress made in the stent development in the last decades,  cardiovascular diseases remain the main cause of death in western ...

Implantation of Inferior Vena Cava Interposition Graft in Mouse Model

下腔静脉间置移植物在小鼠模型中植入

Biodegradable scaffolds seeded with bone marrow mononuclear cells (BMCs) are often used for reconstructive surgery to treat congenital cardiac anomalies. ...

Murine Model of Femoral Artery Wire Injury with Implantation of a Perivascular Drug Delivery Patch

股动脉线损伤的小鼠模型的血管周围给药补丁植入

Percutaneous interventions including balloon angioplasty and stenting have been used to restore blood flow in vessels with occlusive vascular disease. ...

A "Patient-Like" Orthotopic Syngeneic Mouse Model of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Metastasis

“以病人为像”肝癌原位同源小鼠模型的癌转移

The majority of cancer-related deaths are caused by the metastasis of the cancer rather than the primary tumor itself. Yet, the underlying mechanisms of ...

Orthotopic Implantation and Peripheral Immune Cell Monitoring in the II-45 Syngeneic Rat Mesothelioma Model

在II-45同基因大鼠模型间皮瘤原位移植和外周免疫细胞监视

The enormous upsurge of interest in immune-based treatments for cancer such as vaccines and immune checkpoint inhibitors, and increased understanding of ...

Murine Echocardiography of Left Atrium, Aorta, and Pulmonary Artery

左心房，主动脉和肺动脉的超声心动图小鼠

The present methodology teaches the investigator how to measure and use the LAV as a surrogate of chronic elevations in Left Ventricular diastolic ...

Direct Re-implantation of Left Coronary Artery into the Aorta in Adults with Anomalous Origin of Left Coronary Artery from the Pulmonary Artery (ALCAPA)

Direct Re-implantation of Left Coronary Artery into the Aorta in Adults with Anomalous Origin of Left Coronary Artery from the Pulmonary Artery ALCAPA

左冠状动脉直接再注入与从肺动脉左冠状动脉起源异常成人主动脉（ALCAPA）

Anomalous origin of the left coronary artery from the pulmonary artery (ALCAPA) is a rare congenital anomaly which is one of leading causes of myocardial ...

Invasive Hemodynamic Monitoring of Aortic and Pulmonary Artery Hemodynamics in a Large Animal Model of ARDS

ards 大型动物模型主动脉和肺动脉血流动力学的侵袭血流动力学监测

One of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in patients with heart failure is right ventricular (RV) dysfunction, especially if it is due to ...

Isometric Contractility Measurement of the Mouse Mesenteric Artery Using Wire Myography

用线 Myography 测定小鼠肠系膜动脉的等轴收缩力

The wire myograph technique is used to assess the contractility of vascular smooth muscles in response to depolarization, GPCR agonists/inhibitors and ...