Name: microfluidic acoustophoresis for flowthrough separation of gram-negative bacteria using aptamer affinity beads
Uploaded: 2022-10-17T13:00:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Microfluidic Acoustophoresis for Flowthrough Separation of Gram-Negative Bacteria using Aptamer Affinity Beads at JoVE.com

这项工作得到了韩国政府（科学和ICT部）资助的韩国国家研究基金会（NRF）的资助。（否。NRF-2021R1A2C1011380）

1. 微流控声电穿刺芯片设计
注意： 图1 显示了通过声传电从微通道中分离和收集目标微珠的示意图。微流体声传技术芯片采用CAD程序设计。
<ol><li>设计一种微流控声输电芯片，该芯片使用适配体修饰的磁珠和链霉亲和素包覆的聚苯乙烯（PS）磁珠的混合物，对应于细菌的大小，以研究设备的分离性能。</li>
	<li>设计一种微流体声传导芯片，...

<ol>
	<li>Wu, M., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Acoustofluidic+separation+of+cells+and+particles.">Acoustofluidic separation of cells and particles.</a> Microsystem &amp; Nanoengineering. 5 (1), 1-18 (2019).</li><li>Lee, S. W., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Aptamer+affinity-bead+mediated+capture+and+displacement+of+Gram-negative+bacteria+using+acoustophoresis.">Aptamer affinity-bead mediated capture and displacement of Gram-negative bacteria using acoustophoresis.</a> Micromachines. 10 (11), 770 (2019).</li><li>Hirvonen, J. J., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=One-step+sample+preparation+of+positive+blood+cultures+for+the+direct+detection+of+methicillin-sensitive+and+-resistant+Staphylococcus+aureus+and+methicillin-resistant+coagulase-negative+staphylococci+within+one+hour+using+the+automated+GenomEra+CDXTM+PCR+system.">One-step sample preparation of positive blood cultures for the direct detection of methicillin-sensitive and -resistant Staphylococcus aureus and methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative staphylococci within one hour using the automated GenomEra CDXTM PCR system.</a> European Journal of Clinical Microbiology &amp; Infectious Diseases. 31 (10), 2835-2842 (2012).</li><li>Swaminathan, B., Feng, P. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Rapid+detection+of+food-borne+pathogenic+bacteria.">Rapid detection of food-borne pathogenic bacteria.</a> Annual Review of Microbiology. 48 (1), 401-426 (1994).</li><li>Ding, X., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=On-chip+manipulation+of+single+microparticles,+cells,+and+organisms+using+surface+acoustic+waves.">On-chip manipulation of single microparticles, cells, and organisms using surface acoustic waves.</a> Proceeding of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 109 (28), 11105-11109 (2012).</li><li>Karthick, S., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Acoustic+impedance-based+size+independent+isolation+of+circulating+tumor+cells+from+blood+using+acoustophoresis.">Acoustic impedance-based size independent isolation of circulating tumor cells from blood using acoustophoresis.</a> Lab on a Chip. 18 (24), 2802 (2018).</li><li>Lenshof, A., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Acoustofluidics+8:+Applications+of+acoustophoresis+in+continuous+flow+microsystems.">Acoustofluidics 8: Applications of acoustophoresis in continuous flow microsystems.</a> Lab on a Chip. 12 (7), 1210-1223 (2012).</li><li>Persson, J., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Acoustic+microfluidic+chip+technology+to+facilitate+automation+of+phage+display+selection.">Acoustic microfluidic chip technology to facilitate automation of phage display selection.</a> The FEBS journal. 275 (22), 5657-5666 (2008).</li><li>Klussmann, S. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=.">.</a> The aptamer handbook: Functional oligonucleotides and their applications. , (2006).</li><li>Ellington, A., Szostak, J. W. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=In+vitro+selection+of+RNA+molecules+that+bind+specific+ligands.">In vitro selection of RNA molecules that bind specific ligands.</a> Nature. 346 (6287), 818-822 (1990).</li><li>Tuerk, C., Gold, L. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Systematic+evolution+of+ligands+by+exponential+enrichment:+RNA+ligands+to+bacteriophage+T4+DNA+polymerase.">Systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment: RNA ligands to bacteriophage T4 DNA polymerase.</a> Science. 249 (4968), 505-510 (1990).</li><li>Namnabat, M. S., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=3D+numerical+simulation+of+acoustophoretic+motion+induced+by+boundary-driven+acoustic+streaming+in+standing+surface+acoustic+wave+microfluidics.">3D numerical simulation of acoustophoretic motion induced by boundary-driven acoustic streaming in standing surface acoustic wave microfluidics.</a> Scientific Reports. 11 (1), 11326 (2021).</li><li>Nimjee, S. M., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Aptamer+as+therapeutics.">Aptamer as therapeutics.</a> Annual Review of Pharmacology and Toxicology. 57, 61-79 (2017).</li><li>Zhang, Y., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Recent+advances+in+aptamer+discovery+and+application.">Recent advances in aptamer discovery and application.</a> Molecules. 24 (5), 941 (2019).</li><li>Park, J. W., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Acousto-microfluidics+for+screening+of+ssDNA+aptamer.">Acousto-microfluidics for screening of ssDNA aptamer.</a> Scientific Reports. 6 (1), 1-9 (2016).</li><li>Persson, J., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Acoustic+microfluidic+chip+technology+to+facilitate+automation+of+phage+display+selection.">Acoustic microfluidic chip technology to facilitate automation of phage display selection.</a> The FEBS Journal. 275 (22), 5657-5666 (2008).</li><li>Van Toan, N., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=An+investigation+of+processes+for+glass+micromachining.">An investigation of processes for glass micromachining.</a> Micromachines. 7 (3), 51 (2016).</li><li>Jansen, H., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=A+survey+on+the+reactive+ion+etching+of+silicon+in+microtechnology.">A survey on the reactive ion etching of silicon in microtechnology.</a> Journal of Micromechanics and Microengineering. 6 (1), 14 (1996).</li><li>Hanneborg, A., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Silicon-to-silicon+anodic+bonding+with+a+borosilicate+glass+layer.">Silicon-to-silicon anodic bonding with a borosilicate glass layer.</a> Journal of Micromechanics and Microengineering. 1 (3), 139 (1991).</li><li>Mach, A. J., Di Carlo, D. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Continuous+scalable+blood+filtration+device+using+inertial+microfluidics.">Continuous scalable blood filtration device using inertial microfluidics.</a> Biotechnology and bioengineering. 107 (2), 302-311 (2010).</li><li>Wang, S., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Simple+filter+microchip+for+rapid+separation+of+plasma+and+viruses+from+whole+blood.">Simple filter microchip for rapid separation of plasma and viruses from whole blood.</a> International Journal of Nanomedicine. 7, 5019-5028 (2012).</li><li>Ai, Y., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Separation+of+Escherichia+coli+bacteria+from+peripheral+blood+mononuclear+cells+using+standing+surface+acoustic+waves.">Separation of Escherichia coli bacteria from peripheral blood mononuclear cells using standing surface acoustic waves.</a> Analytical Chemistry. 85 (19), 9126-9134 (2013).</li><li>Ohlsson, P., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Acoustic+impedance+matched+buffers+enable+separation+of+bacteria+from+blood+cells+at+high+cell+concentrations.">Acoustic impedance matched buffers enable separation of bacteria from blood cells at high cell concentrations.</a> Scientific Reports. 8 (1), 1-11 (2018).</li><li>Park, S., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Continuous+dielectrophoretic+bacterial+separation+and+concentration+from+physiological+media+of+high+conductivity.">Continuous dielectrophoretic bacterial separation and concentration from physiological media of high conductivity.</a> Lab on a Chip. 11 (17), 2893-2900 (2011).</li><li>Kim, U., Soh, H. T. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Simultaneous+sorting+of+multiple+bacterial+targets+using+integrated+Dielectrophoretic-Magnetic+Activated+Cell+Sorter.">Simultaneous sorting of multiple bacterial targets using integrated Dielectrophoretic-Magnetic Activated Cell Sorter.</a> Lab on a Chip. 9 (16), 2313-2318 (2009).</li><li>Cai, G., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=A+fluidic+device+for+immunomagnetic+separation+of+foodborne+bacteria+using+self-assembled+magnetic+nanoparticle+chains.">A fluidic device for immunomagnetic separation of foodborne bacteria using self-assembled magnetic nanoparticle chains.</a> Micromachines. 9 (12), 624 (2018).</li></ol>

我们开发了一种声波悬浮微流体装置，用于根据其大小和类型以及适配体修饰的微珠，基于连续运行方法，从培养样品中高速捕获和转移GN细菌。与之前报道的 20、21、22、23、24、25、26 相比，长方形微通道可实现更简单的 2D 声传导术设计和...

除了基于介电转移、磁电泳、磁透镜提取、过滤、离心微流体和惯性效应以及表面声波1，2的方法之外，正在开发微流体平台以从医疗和环境样品中分离细菌。使用聚合酶链反应（PCR）继续检测致病菌，但通常费力，复杂且耗时3，4。微流体声传导系统是通过合理的通量和非接触式细胞隔离来解决这个问题的替代方案5，6，7。声光照明是一种利用材料通过声波运动的现象来分离或浓缩磁珠的技术。当声波进入微通道时，根据磁珠的大小、密度等对它们进行分类，细胞可以根据悬浮介质7、8的生化和电学性质进行分离。因此，许多声传声学研究已被积极开展9，10，11，最近，在驻场声波微流体中引入由边界驱动的声流引起的声传运动的3D数值模拟12。
各个领域的研究正在研究如何替换抗体2，3。适配子是一种具有高选择性和特异性的目标材料，许多研究正在进行2，9，10，13。与抗体相比，适配子具有体积小、生物稳定性好、成本低、重现性高等优点，正在诊断和治疗应用中进行研究2，3，14.
在这里，本文描述了一种微流体声传电技术方案，可用于使用适配体修饰的微珠从培养基中快速，有效地分离革兰氏阴性（GN）细菌。该系统通过单压电致动产生二维（2D）声驻波，方法是同时刺激长矩形微通道内的两个正交共振，以将适配体连接的微珠对准并聚焦在节点和反节点点上，以实现分离效率2，11，15，16.入口和出口处都有一个分叉通道，可以同时进行分离、纯化和浓缩。
该方案有助于细菌性传染病的早期诊断，以及通过实时水监测对致病性细菌感染的快速，选择性和敏感反应。

<table border="1" fo:keep-together.within-page="1" fo:keep-with-next.within-page="always">
	<tbody>
		<tr>
			<td>1 &#181;m polystyrene microbeads</td>
			<td>Bang Laboratories</td>
			<td>PS04001</td>
			<td>Cell size beads</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>10 &#181;m Streptavidin-coated microbeads</td>
			<td>Bang Laboratories</td>
			<td>CP01007</td>
			<td>Aptamer affinity beads</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>4-inch Silicon Wafer/SU-8 mold</td>
			<td>4science</td>
			<td>29-03573-01</td>
			<td>Components of chip</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Aptamer</td>
			<td>Integrated DNA Technologies</td>
			<td>GN3-6&#39;</td>
			<td>RNA for bacteria conjugation</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Borosilicate glass</td>
			<td>Schott</td>
			<td>BOROFLOAT 33</td>
			<td>Components of chip</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Centrifuge</td>
			<td>Daihan</td>
			<td>CF-10</td>
			<td>Wasing particles</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Cyanoacrylate glue</td>
			<td>3M</td>
			<td>AD100</td>
			<td>Attach PZT to microchip</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Escherichia coli DH5&#945;</td>
			<td>KCTC</td>
			<td>KCTC2571</td>
			<td>Target bacteria</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Functional generator</td>
			<td>GW Instek</td>
			<td>AFG-2225</td>
			<td>Generate frequency</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>High-speed camera</td>
			<td>Photron</td>
			<td>FASTCAM Mini</td>
			<td>Observation of separation</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Hot plate</td>
			<td>As one</td>
			<td>HI-1000</td>
			<td>Heating plate for curing of liquid PDMS</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>KOVAX-SYRINGE 10 mL Syringe</td>
			<td>Koreavaccine</td>
			<td>22G-10ML</td>
			<td>Fill the microfluidic acoustophoresis channel with bubble-free demineralized water.</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Liquid polydimethylsiloxane, PDMS</td>
			<td>Dow Corning Inc.</td>
			<td>Sylgard 184</td>
			<td>Components of chip</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>LB Broth Miller</td>
			<td>BD Difco</td>
			<td>244620</td>
			<td>Cell culture (Luria-Bertani medium)</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Microscope</td>
			<td>Olympus Corp.</td>
			<td>IX-81</td>
			<td>Observation of separation</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>PBS buffer</td>
			<td>Capricorn scientific</td>
			<td>PBS-1A</td>
			<td>Wasing bacteria</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>PEEK Tubes</td>
			<td>Saint-Gobain Ppl Corp.</td>
			<td>AAD04103</td>
			<td>Inject or collect particles</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Piezoelectric transducer</td>
			<td>Fuji Ceramics</td>
			<td>C-213</td>
			<td>Generate specific wave in channel</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Power amplifier</td>
			<td>Amplifier Research</td>
			<td>75A250A</td>
			<td>Amplify frequency</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Pressure controller/&#956;flucon</td>
			<td>AMED</td>
			<td>AMED-&#956;flucon</td>
			<td>Control of air pressure/flow controller</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Tris-HCl buffer</td>
			<td>invitrogen</td>
			<td>15567027</td>
			<td>Wasing particles</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Tube rotator</td>
			<td>SeouLin Bioscience</td>
			<td>SLRM-3</td>
			<td>Modifiying aptamer and bead</td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

microfluidic acoustophoresis for flowthrough separation of gram-negative bacteria using aptamer affinity beads

本文介绍了使用微流体声传技术以及适配体修饰的微珠的微流体声传芯片的制造和操作，这些微珠可用于从培养基中快速，有效地分离革兰氏阴性细菌。这种方法使用长方形微通道的混合物提高了分离效率。在该系统中，样品和缓冲液通过流量控制器注入入口端口。对于磁珠定心和样品分离，交流电源通过带有功率放大器的函数发生器施加到压电换能器上，以在微通道中产生声辐射力。入口和出口处都有一个分叉通道，可以同时进行分离、纯化和浓缩。该装置的回收率为>98%，纯度为97.8%，剂量浓度为10倍。这项研究表明，回收率和纯度高于现有的分离细菌方法，表明该装置可以有效地分离细菌。

图5 显示了磁珠流与PZT电压（OFF、0.1 V、0.5 V、5 V）的函数关系。在本研究中引入的声传芯片的情况下，证实随着PZT电压的增加，10μm大小的磁珠的中心浓度增加。大多数10μm大小的磁珠集中在PZT电压的5 V的中心。通过这一结果，在单通道函数发生器中产生了3.66 MHz的谐振频率，并使用功率放大器将一般信号放大了16 dB（约9倍）。
表3 显示了将1...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Microfluidic Acoustophoresis for Flowthrough Separation of Gram-Negative Bacteria using Aptamer Affinity Beads at JoVE.com

Microfluidic Acoustophoresis for Flowthrough Separation of Gram-Negative Bacteria using Aptamer Affinity Beads

本文介绍了使用微流体声传技术以及适配体修饰的微珠的微流控声传导芯片的制造和操作，这些微孔片可用于从培养基中快速，有效地分离革兰氏阴性菌。

微流体声导术，使用适配子亲和磁珠对革兰氏阴性菌进行流式分离

This article describes the fabrication and operation of microfluidic acoustophoretic chips using a microfluidic acoustophoresis technique and ...

该协议描述了我们的微流体声电渗疗法技术，该技术可用于使用适配体修饰的微珠从培养基中快速有效地分离革兰氏阴性细菌。微流体声电渗疗法系统能够以合理的通量和非接触式细胞分离进行革兰氏阴性细菌分离。可以优化微流体声电渗疗法，以从医学和环境样本中分离细菌。首先，设计一个微流体声电渗疗法芯片，该芯片在目标出口收集PS磁珠，并在将PS样品混合物注入样品入口后丢弃其余珠子。准备一个芯片，将硅层上方和下方的层粘合到硼硅酸盐玻璃上。第三层硼硅酸盐玻璃层使用阳极氧化，添加 1000 伏和 400 摄氏度。使用少于 10 微升的氰基丙烯酸酯粘合剂沿微流体通道将 PZT 连接到硼硅酸盐玻璃层上。将 GN 和 GP 细菌接种在 Luria-Bertani 培养基中，并在 37 摄氏度和每分钟 220 转下孵育 16 小时。在室温下将培养的细菌在9， 056 RCF下离心一分钟。然后用1X PBS缓冲液洗涤两次。通过将选定的GN和GP细菌重悬于结合缓冲液中来制备它们进行分析。使用前重悬10微米链霉亲和素包被的微珠混合物。将混合物涡旋20秒。通过在 95 摄氏度下变性三分钟，然后在零摄氏度下重新折叠两分钟来制备适配体。将250微升重悬的链霉亲和素包被微珠混合物转移到1.5毫升管中，并向管中加入100微升生物素化DNA适配体。将混合物在室温下孵育30分钟，同时以每分钟25转的速度旋转。将反应混合物在室温下以9， 056 RCF离心40秒。然后用200微升Tris-HCl缓冲液洗涤试管两次。向洗涤的样品管中加入10微升每毫升100毫克BSA，并在室温下孵育30分钟，同时以每分钟25转的速度旋转。最后，通过在室温下以9， 056 RCF离心40秒，在Tris-HCl缓冲液中洗涤核酸适配体修饰的微珠两次。将PEEK管连接到两个入口，用于注入两个样品和缓冲液，以及两个用于收集和排出废物的出口。使用10毫升注射器，用无气泡软化水填充微流体声电渗疗法通道。准备具有两个或更多输出通道的精密压力控制器来控制流体流量。准备好设备后，使用精密压力控制装置向样品入口施加 2 千帕斯卡的压力，向缓冲液入口施加 4 千帕的压力，从而注入样品和缓冲液。使用显微镜，聚焦在珠子上，并使用PZT将其移动到微流体通道的中心。使用单通道函数发生器产生 3.66 兆赫兹的谐振频率，并使用功率放大器将典型信号放大 16 分贝。用荧光显微镜和以每秒1， 200帧的速度运行的高速相机观察声流体芯片上的分离和富集过程。本研究中引入的声电芯片证实，随着PZT电压的增加，10微米尺寸磁珠的中心浓度增加。在 PZT 电压的 5 伏电压下，大部分 10 微米大小的磁珠集中在中心。在出口处收集的磁珠数量与注入的10微米尺寸磁珠总数的比率称为回收率。10微米大小的珠子数量与收集的珠子总数之比称为纯度。结果表明，该装置对10 μm尺寸的磁珠具有较高的分离效率。使用带有高速相机的显微镜测量与每个适配体修饰微珠结合的GN和GP细菌的数量。所有五种GN细菌都与磁珠结合，而与测试物质结合的GP细菌明显较少。GN和GP细菌之间的信号强度差异显着。用于连接PZT的粘合剂应尽可能少地使用，以确保波纹精度，并且PZT和微通道应平行。该设备可用于在细菌感染性疾病早期诊断期间检测活细菌或细菌衍生的生物标志物。

Research

JoVE Journal

Engineering

Terahertz Microfluidic Sensing Using a Parallel-plate Waveguide Sensor

太赫兹微流控测量中的一个平行板波导传感器

Refractive index (RI) sensing is a powerful noninvasive and label-free sensing technique for the identification, detection and monitoring of microfluidic ...

科研

工程学

Picoinjection of Microfluidic Drops Without Metal Electrodes

微流控的Picoinjection滴无金属电极

Existing methods for picoinjecting reagents into microfluidic drops require metal electrodes integrated into the microfluidic chip. The integration of ...

Spatial Separation of Molecular Conformers and Clusters

分子构象器和星团的空间分离

Gas-phase molecular physics and physical chemistry experiments commonly use supersonic expansions through pulsed valves for the production of cold ...

Fabrication and Testing of Microfluidic Optomechanical Oscillators

制造和微流控光机振荡器测试

Cavity optomechanics experiments that parametrically couple the phonon modes and photon modes have been investigated in various optical systems including ...

Thermal Measurement Techniques in Analytical Microfluidic Devices

在分析微流体装置的热测量技术

Thermal measurement techniques have been used for many applications such as thermal characterization of materials and chemical reaction detection. ...

Phase Diagram Characterization Using Magnetic Beads as Liquid Carriers

相图表征使用磁珠用作液体载体

Magnetic beads with ~1.9 &#181;m average diameter were used to transport microliter volumes of liquids between contiguous liquid segments with a tube for ...

Capillary-based Centrifugal Microfluidic Device for Size-controllable Formation of Monodisperse Microdroplets

基于毛细管的离心微流体装置单分散微滴的大小可控的形成

Here, we demonstrate a simple method for the rapid production of size-controllable, monodisperse, W/O microdroplets using a capillary-based centrifugal ...

Solvent Bonding for Fabrication of PMMA and COP Microfluidic Devices

溶剂粘接的PMMA的制备和COP微流体装置

Thermoplastic microfluidic devices offer many advantages over those made from silicone elastomers, but bonding procedures must be developed for each ...

A Modular Microfluidic Technology for Systematic Studies of Colloidal Semiconductor Nanocrystals

胶体半导体纳米晶系统研究的模块化微流控技术

Colloidal semiconductor nanocrystals, known as quantum dots (QDs), are a rapidly growing class of materials in commercial electronics, such as light ...

A Pipette-Tip Based Method for Seeding Cells to Droplet Microfluidic Platforms

一种基于管尖的液滴微流化平台种子细胞的方法

Amongst various microfluidic platform designs frequently used for cellular analysis, droplet-microfluidics provides a robust tool for isolating and ...