Name: muscle function obtained with motion mode ultrasound and surface electromyography during core endurance exercise
Uploaded: 2022-08-25T14:45:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Muscle Function Obtained with Motion Mode Ultrasound and Surface Electromyography during Core Endurance Exercise at JoVE.com

所有人类参与者都提供了知情同意。该协议是中佛罗里达大学机构审查委员会批准的一项研究的一部分。纳入标准包括年龄在18-45岁之间，并根据ACSM指南进行身体活动（每周5天30分钟的中度至剧烈活动）19。排除标准包括过去一年内的腰痛，当前的髋关节、上肢或下肢疼痛或损伤，一年的腰部手术或下肢手术史，自我报告的平衡障碍，肌肉异常，目前怀孕或腹部有开放性伤口（<s...

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Quantity and quality of exercise for developing and maintaining cardiorespiratory, musculoskeletal, and neuromotor fitness in apparently healthy adults: guidance for prescribing exercise.</a> Medicine &amp; Science in Sports &amp; Exercise. 43 (7), 1334-1359 (2011).</li><li>Vera-Garcia, F. J., Moreside, J. M., McGill, S. M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=MVC+techniques+to+normalize+trunk+muscle+EMG+in+healthy+women.">MVC techniques to normalize trunk muscle EMG in healthy women.</a> Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology. 20 (1), 10-16 (2010).</li><li>Partner, S. 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M型超声在选定时间内实时观察解剖结构时提供肌肉组织运动和肌肉厚度变化的开始21。M型超声结合sEMG提供了对肌肉功能的整体了解，包括电表示和视觉观察。这些仪器可以在运动期间串联使用，为研究人员提供对肌肉功能的全面了解。
超声和sEMG技术的特定培训对于产生可靠和有效的测量是必要的。与M型超声和sEMG一起使用的归一化方法需要相似，以便比较...

腹侧壁由横腹、内斜、外斜1组成。腹侧壁同心、偏心和等长收缩，以承受施加在身体上的力1.该肌肉群的共同收缩提供了人体中心的稳定2，3。这些肌肉在预防和康复下肢损伤期间很重要，因为躯干功能差与髋关节内收和膝外翻增加有关，这是下肢损伤的危险因素4，5。专注于加强和增加核心肌肉组织的肌肉耐力不仅可以减少下肢的危险因素，还可以减少腰痛6。最近，有人建议患有急性和慢性腰痛的人在康复中应包括躯干强化、耐力和特定的躯干肌肉激活6.特定躯干肌肉激活的一个例子是针对孤立或分组的躯干肌肉，使用共同收缩来恢复腰骨盆-髋关节区域的控制或增加协调性 6。
客观测量肌肉功能的两种方法是使用运动模式（M模式）超声和表面肌电图（sEMG）。M模式超声提供记录时间内肌肉和筋膜运动的实时可视化，可以显示运动的开始和程度7。在选定的时间测量上筋膜下缘和下上筋膜缘之间的距离以获得肌肉厚度。运动特定时间点的肌肉厚度可以除以静息厚度，以达到激活比8。sEMG提供了对肌肉激活和疲劳的洞察，因为输出可以与肌肉的最大收缩进行比较9。这两种仪器和方法以前已用于测量健康和受伤个体在各种运动期间髋部肌肉激活的开始10。针对躯干，特别是侧腹壁的练习是侧板和死虫11，12，13。侧板以侧卧姿势进行，肘部直接在肩膀下方，前臂着地，臀部抬离地面，直到脊柱处于中立位置。膝盖伸展，双脚彼此重叠9（补充图1）。死虫以仰卧位进行，双臂伸直上方，臀部和膝盖弯曲成 90° 角。当一只手臂弯曲在头顶并且对侧腿伸展时，练习就开始了。另一侧手臂和腿保持在中立位置，然后在原始移动手臂和腿返回中立位置13后弯曲和伸展（补充图2和补充图3）。 
在侧板11，12，14期间，外斜肌的激活范围为最大自愿等长收缩（MVIC）的37%至62%。在死错误期间，仅重复练习15 的 5 次，外斜的激活记录在 MVIC 的 20% 到 30% 之间。内斜腹和横腹肌，即外腹壁的深腹肌，在侧板 12，14 期间激活22% 至 28% 的 MVIC。由于内斜腹和横腹的重叠性质，在sEMG收集过程中，两块肌肉已经结合14。sEMG的限制是来自相邻肌肉的串扰，其中sEMG传感器可能产生不同肌肉的输出，导致对激活的错误理解16。用超声波获得的肌肉厚度测量值可用于减轻这种限制，并且这种测量在躯干锻炼期间是可行的，例如前面提到的等距保持17。
侧腹壁的肌肉厚度在侧板上被记录为收缩厚度和静息厚度之间的绝对差异。在侧板30 s时间点，内斜肌和外斜肌厚度分别增加了0.526 mm和0.205 mm，17.这些测量值是在侧板的一个时间点在亮度模式超声下记录的。B型超声通常用于评估图像前后;但是，该方法仅允许在两个时间点18进行测量。与B型超声相比，M型超声具有更大的优势，因为它可以检测整个运动过程中肌肉激活的开始以及肌肉厚度，并且可以选择任何时间点进行测量18。因此，当前协议的总体目标是在核心耐力练习期间通过M模式超声和sEMG提供创新和实用的肌肉功能测量。这有利于研究人员和临床医生了解肌肉在整个运动期间的功能，尤其是耐力性质的肌肉，而不是孤立于单个时间点的测量。

<table border="1" fo:keep-together.within-page="1" fo:keep-with-next.within-page="always">
	<tbody>
		<tr>
			<td>Alcohol prep pads</td>
			<td>Henry Schein</td>
			<td>HS1007</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Amazon Basics 1/2- Inch Extra Thick Exercise Yoga Mat</td>
			<td>Amazon</td>
			<td>YM2001BK</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Delsys Trigno Sensor Adhesive Interface, 4-Slot</td>
			<td>Delsys</td>
			<td>SC:F03</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Delsys Trigno Wireless System</td>
			<td>Delsys</td>
			<td>T03-A16014</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Galaxy Tablet S5e</td>
			<td>Samsung</td>
			<td>SM-TS20N</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>GE NextGen Logig e Ultrasound Unit</td>
			<td>GE Healthcare</td>
			<td>HR48382AR</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Linear Array Probe</td>
			<td>GE Healthcare</td>
			<td>H48062AB</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Trigno Avanti sensors</td>
			<td>Delsys</td>
			<td>T03-A16014</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

muscle function obtained with motion mode ultrasound and surface electromyography during core endurance exercise

运动模式（M模式）超声允许研究人员和临床医生测量肌肉厚度随时间的变化。可以在运动过程中的给定时间点测量筋膜边界之间的肌肉厚度。这个选定的时间点产生一维图像，从而实时观察解剖结构。功能运动期间使用的超声波可以称为动态超声;通过使用线性传感器、松紧带和泡沫块来确保传感器的一致放置，这是可行且可靠的。由于肌肉的重叠性质，通常使用超声检查外腹壁。表面肌电图 （sEMG） 可以补充 M 型超声成像，因为它测量肌肉激活的电表现。在核心运动期间同时使用 M 型超声和 sEMG 的证据很少。挑战核心肌肉组织的运动包括等长保持（例如侧板）以及摆动肢体运动（例如死虫）。在这项研究中，这两种仪器将同时用于测量运动期间的核心肌肉功能。超声波测量将使用线性换能器和超声单元获得，sEMG测量将从无线sEMG系统获取。为了在参与者和锻炼之间进行比较，将使用两种工具的静态锻炼起始位置的标准化方法。激活率将用于超声波，并通过将收缩厚度（运动时间点的厚度）除以静止（起始位置）厚度来计算。肌肉厚度将以厘米为单位测量，从上筋膜下缘到下上筋膜缘。这些方法旨在通过核心耐力锻炼期间的M型超声和sEMG提供创新和实用的肌肉功能测量。

静态运动起始位置期间超声和sEMG的测量结果如 表2所示。这些数字将用作计算活化率时的分母。前5 s、后5 s和总持续时间（60 s）的外斜、内斜和横腹的厚度值见 表3。这些数字除以 表 2 中的数字。标准化为静态的sEMG值，前5秒，最后5秒的运动起始位置和峰值活动如 表4所示。
激活率描述了与静态运动起始位置相比，运动导致...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Muscle Function Obtained with Motion Mode Ultrasound and Surface Electromyography during Core Endurance Exercise at JoVE.com

Muscle Function Obtained with Motion Mode Ultrasound and Surface Electromyography during Core Endurance Exercise

该协议同时使用运动模式超声和表面肌电图来测量核心的肌肉功能。在侧板和死虫练习的特定时间点，可以实现肌肉厚度和局部稳定器（例如，横腹、内斜）和整体移动器（例如外斜）的激活。

核心耐力运动期间通过运动模式超声和表面肌电图获得的肌肉功能

Motion mode (M-mode) ultrasound allows researchers and clinicians to measure the change of muscle thickness across time. Muscle thickness can be measured ...

该协议提供了有关如何在临床环境中实施动态超声以评估核心运动期间肌肉组织的见解。这种技术的主要优点是两种乐器可以在核心锻炼期间同时使用。首先，打开超声机，按患者，然后添加新患者。单击“新建患者”并输入患者标识号。选择 MSK 考试类型，然后单击腹部预设并按注册。按退出。打开平板电脑并单击肌电图记录应用程序。单击左上角屏幕中的菜单按钮并扫描传感器。将传感器从底座中取出并将鼠标悬停在激活按钮上。传感器与应用程序连接后，使用参与者的标识号创建一个新文件夹。当参与者仰卧钩躺时，通过触诊右髂嵴和右下肋来确定外部斜传感器位置。剃除、清洁和碎屑将放置传感器的皮肤区域。在传感器上添加粘合剂并固定在皮肤上。将传感器放置在距离下肋骨和髂嵴与肌纤维平行的中间点前 3 厘米处。在站立位置，将换能器穿过松紧带和泡沫块。将凝胶添加到换能器上，并将换能器放置在脐部外侧 10 厘米处。调整直到侧腹壁在屏幕上可见。确保换能器紧紧固定在腹侧壁上。用魔术贴带固定腰带。调整深度以在B模式下获得最佳图像质量。在瑜伽垫上，指导参与者躺在右侧，肘部屈曲 90 度，使他们的躯干和上肢离地。参与者的双脚应堆叠在一起，膝盖完全伸展。腿应该平行，接触瑜伽垫。 按冻结，然后为每个图像存储以捕获外腹壁的三个静态超声图像。在肌电图记录应用程序左上角屏幕的 SEMG 菜单中，选择设置并选择二头肌图标。按 单击播放开始。将有五秒钟的倒计时。在此期间，指导患者采取测试姿势。记录最大自愿收缩，因为这将用于归一化计算。接下来，指导参与者完成侧板 60 秒，保持正确的形式。按超声波机器上的 M 打开 M 模式。按EMG应用程序上的播放按钮。五秒倒计时开始后，按超声波上的商店开始超声波记录。要保存录制的 M 模式视频，请在锻炼停止后按商店和 SEMG 应用程序上的停止按钮。单击“将文件另存为”并键入文件名以保存录制停止时将显示在屏幕上的输出。在瑜伽垫上，指导参与者仰卧，双腿呈钩子躺卧姿势。按冻结，然后按存储，通过超声捕获外腹壁的三个静态图像。保存的图像将位于活动图像屏幕下方。接下来，指导参与者完成死错误 60 秒，保持正确的形式。按超声波机器上的 M 打开 M 模式。指导参与者最大限度地伸展右肩，同时最大限度地伸展左臀部和膝盖，同时保持对侧肢体的起始位置。然后指导参与者弯曲肩膀、臀部和膝盖以返回起始位置。然后，对侧肢体将执行相同的运动。要求参与者对设置为每分钟 45 次的节拍器进行练习。这导致在 60 秒内重复 22 次死虫。按EMG应用程序上的播放按钮。五秒倒计时开始后，按超声波上的商店开始超声波记录。选择要测量的第一个静态图像时，单击 Enter 键。按测量以打开测量工具。测量从上下面部边界到下上面部边界的静态位置（以厘米为单位）的最大肌肉厚度。在上上边界处单击“输入”，然后在下上边界处再次输入。对侧板和死虫静态测量重复超声静态测量程序。平均三个静态图像的测量值。测量锻炼前五秒和后五秒内外斜、内斜和横腹的最大厚度。此外，记录整个 60 秒的最大厚度。按测量以打开测量工具。测量从上内侧面部边界到下上面部边界的静态位置（以厘米为单位）的最大肌肉厚度。将练习期间获得的三个厚度测量值中的每一个除以平均静态位置以获得激活率。按肌电图数据记录页面上的主页图标。选择屏幕右上角的文件夹图标。静态和锻炼试验的保存输出将保存在此处。将每个文件转换为 XLSX 文件。导出 XLSX 文件。在电子表格中，获取第一个和最后五秒的最大值以及总体最大值。将静态侧板SEMG和死虫SEMG获得的静态SEMG输出分别除以练习期间的输出。下表显示了静态锻炼起始位置期间超声和 SEMG 的测量值。这些数字在计算活化率时用作分母。前5秒、后5秒、总持续时间60秒的外斜、内斜、横腹粗细值显示死虫较高。在前五秒、最后五秒和峰值活动期间标准化为静态锻炼起始位置的 SEMG 值显示死虫值较低。外斜、内斜和横腹的活化率也显示出较低的死虫值。确保换能器的位置准确无误，无论是否使用固定带和泡沫，屏幕上的肌肉都可见。其他方法包括通过超声和通过表面肌电图获得肌肉激活的开始。研究人员可以使用仪器以及健康和病理个体来观察核心的肌肉功能。此外，这些仪器可以与体内的其他肌肉一起使用。

Research

JoVE Journal

Medicine

Dual-mode Imaging of Cutaneous Tissue Oxygenation and Vascular Function

双模式成像，皮肤组织氧合和血管功能

Accurate assessment of cutaneous tissue oxygenation and vascular function is important for appropriate detection, staging, and treatment of many health ...

科研

医学

In Vivo Canine Muscle Function Assay

In Vivo Canine Muscle Function Assay

在犬体内的肌肉功能测定

We describe a minimally-invasive and reproducible method to measure canine pelvic limb muscle strength and muscle response to repeated eccentric 
...

Diagnostic Ultrasound Imaging of Mouse Diaphragm Function

小鼠膈肌功能诊断超声成像

Function analysis of rodent respiratory skeletal muscles, particularly the diaphragm, is commonly performed by isolating muscle strips using invasive ...

A Methodological Approach to Non-invasive Assessments of Vascular Function and Morphology

方法论方法血管功能和形态的非侵入性评估

The endothelium is the innermost lining of the vasculature and is involved in the maintenance of vascular homeostasis.  Damage to the endothelium may ...

Treating SCA1 Mice with Water-Soluble Compounds to Non-Specifically Boost Mitochondrial Function

治疗SCA1小鼠水溶性化合物，以非特异性升压线粒体功能

Mitochondrial dysfunction plays a significant role in the aging process and in neurodegenerative diseases including several hereditary spinocerebellar ...

Ultrasound Assessment of Endothelial Function: A Technical Guideline of the Flow-mediated Dilation Test

血管内皮功能的超声评估：血流介导的舒张试验的技术指导原则

Cardiovascular disease is the primary cause of mortality and a major cause of disability worldwide. The dysfunction of the vascular endothelium is a ...

Exergaming in Older People Living with HIV Improves Balance, Mobility and Ameliorates Some Aspects of Frailty

老年人艾滋病感染者健身游戏平衡改善，流动性和可改善虚弱的几个问题

Approximately 1.2 million people in the United States live with HIV infection. Medical advancements have increased the life expectancy and this cohort is ...

Induction and Assessment of Exertional Skeletal Muscle Damage in Humans

诱导和人类劳力骨骼肌损伤评估

Contraction-induced muscle damage via voluntary eccentric (lengthening) contractions offers an excellent model for studying muscle adaptation and recovery ...

Skeletal Muscle Neurovascular Coupling, Oxidative Capacity, and Microvascular Function with 'One Stop Shop' Near-infrared Spectroscopy

"一站式" 近红外光谱对骨骼肌神经血管的耦合、氧化能力及微血管功能的作用

Exercise represents a major hemodynamic stress that demands a highly coordinated neurovascular response in order to match oxygen delivery to metabolic ...

Conducting Maximal and Submaximal Endurance Exercise Testing to Measure Physiological and Biological Responses to Acute Exercise in Humans

进行最大和次极大耐力运动测试, 测量人类急性运动的生理和生物学反应

Regular physical activity has a positive effect on human health, but the mechanisms controlling these effects remain unclear. The physiologic and biologic ...