Name: an in vitro dissolution determination of multi-index components in tibetan medicine rhodiola granules
Uploaded: 2022-11-04T15:00:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about An In Vitro Dissolution Determination of Multi-Index Components in Tibetan Medicine Rhodiola Granules at JoVE.com

这项工作由国家重点研发计划（2017YFC1703904）、成都中医药大学-企业（西藏红景天制药控股有限公司）合作项目（1052022040101）;四川省科技厅区域创新合作项目（2020YFQ0032）;青海省科技厅重点研发转化计划（2020-SF-C33）。

1. 溶液制备
<ol><li>制备对照物质储备溶液：在电子分析天平上分别称取10.6 mg红景天苷、5.24 mg没食子酸和5.21 mg没食子酸乙酯，并将它们单独加入5 mL容量瓶中。然后，加入HPLC级甲醇溶解并稀释至5 mL。最后摇匀，得到质量浓度分别为2.120 mg/mL、1.048 mg/mL和1.042 mg/mL的对照品储备溶液。 注意：对照物质储备溶液含有2.120 mg / mL红景天苷，1.048 mg / mL没食子酸和1.042mg / mL没食子酸乙酯作为随...

<ol>
	<li>Smith, S. C., Zheng, Z. J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+impending+cardiovascular+pandemic+in+China.">The impending cardiovascular pandemic in China.</a> Circulation Cardiovascular Quality and Outcomes. 3 (3), 226-227 (2010).</li><li>Wang, D., Wang, P., Zhang, R., Xi, X. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Efficacy+and+safety+of+Xuefu+Zhuyu+decoction+combined+with+Western+medicine+for+angina+pectoris+in+coronary+heart+disease:+A+protocol+for+systematic+review+and+meta-analysis.">Efficacy and safety of Xuefu Zhuyu decoction combined with Western medicine for angina pectoris in coronary heart disease: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis.</a> Medicine. 99 (50), 23195 (2020).</li><li>Yang, X., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+role+of+traditional+Chinese+medicine+in+the+regulation+of+stress+in+treating+coronary+heart+disease.">The role of traditional Chinese medicine in the regulation of stress in treating coronary heart disease.</a> Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity. 2019, 3231424 (2019).</li><li>Yang, J., Tian, S., Zhao, J., Zhang, W. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Exploring+the+mechanism+of+TCM+formulae+in+the+treatment+of+different+types+of+coronary+heart+disease+by+network+pharmacology+and+machining+learning.">Exploring the mechanism of TCM formulae in the treatment of different types of coronary heart disease by network pharmacology and machining learning.</a> Pharmacological Research. 159, 105034 (2020).</li><li>Pu, W. L., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Anti-inflammatory+effects+of+Rhodiola+rosea+L.:+A+review.">Anti-inflammatory effects of Rhodiola rosea L.: A review.</a> Biomedicine &amp; Pharmacotherapy. 121, 109552 (2020).</li><li>Tao, H., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Rhodiola+species:+A+comprehensive+review+of+traditional+use,+phytochemistry,+pharmacology,+toxicity,+and+clinical+study.">Rhodiola species: A comprehensive review of traditional use, phytochemistry, pharmacology, toxicity, and clinical study.</a> Medicinal Research Reviews. 39 (5), 1779-1850 (2019).</li><li>Li, M., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Exploring+the+biochemical+basis+of+the+meridian+tropism+theory+for+the+qi-invigorating+traditional+Chinese+medicine+herb+Panax+ginseng.">Exploring the biochemical basis of the meridian tropism theory for the qi-invigorating traditional Chinese medicine herb Panax ginseng.</a> Journal of Evidence-Based Integrative Medicine. 26, 2515690 (2021).</li><li>Pang, Y., Liang, J. Q. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Effect+of+Nordicam+on+hemodynamics+in+rats+with+myocardial+ischemia-reperfusion+injury.">Effect of Nordicam on hemodynamics in rats with myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury.</a> Journal of Chinese Medicinal Materials. 36 (2), 276-279 (2013).</li><li>Nickerson, B., Kong, A., Gerst, P., Kao, S. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Correlation+of+dissolution+and+disintegration+results+for+an+immediate-release+tablet.">Correlation of dissolution and disintegration results for an immediate-release tablet.</a> Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis. 150, 333-340 (2018).</li><li>Kambayashi, A., Yomota, C. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Exploring+clinically+relevant+dissolution+specifications+for+oral+solid+dosage+forms+of+weak+acid+drugs+using+an+in+silico+modeling+and+simulation+approach.">Exploring clinically relevant dissolution specifications for oral solid dosage forms of weak acid drugs using an in silico modeling and simulation approach.</a> European Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences. 159, 105728 (2021).</li><li>Meng, S., Jiang, T. Y., Bu, C. J., Liu, J. Q. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Research+progress+on+the+dissolution+of+traditional+Chinese+medicine+preparations.">Research progress on the dissolution of traditional Chinese medicine preparations.</a> Chinese Journal of Clinical Rational Drug Use. 8 (32), 180-181 (2015).</li><li>Chinese Pharmacopoeia Committee. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=.">.</a> Pharmacopoeia of the People's Republic of China. 4, (2020).</li><li>Lin, J. Z. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=.">.</a> Evaluation on Pre-Preparation of Rhodiola Extract. , (2013).</li><li>Zhou, Y. B., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Calculation+of+drug+solubility+Weibull+distribution+parameters+by+Origin+software.">Calculation of drug solubility Weibull distribution parameters by Origin software.</a> Herald of Medicine. 30 (06), 721-723 (2011).</li><li>Hu, C. Q., Pan, R. X. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Progress+in+evaluation/prediction+of+bioequivalence+of+solid+oral+preparations+by+dissolution+test.">Progress in evaluation/prediction of bioequivalence of solid oral preparations by dissolution test.</a> Chinese Journal of New Drugs. 23 (01), 44-51 (2014).</li><li>Zhang, H., Yu, L. X. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Dissolution+testing+for+solid+oral+drug+products:+Theoretical+considerations.">Dissolution testing for solid oral drug products: Theoretical considerations.</a> American Pharmaceutical Review. 7 (5), 26-30 (2004).</li><li>Ren, J. L., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Analytical+strategies+for+the+discovery+and+validation+of+quality-markers+of+traditional+Chinese+medicine.">Analytical strategies for the discovery and validation of quality-markers of traditional Chinese medicine.</a> Phytomedicine. 67, 153165 (2020).</li><li>Li, H., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Establishment+of+modified+biopharmaceutics+classification+system+absorption+model+for+oral+Traditional+Chinese+Medicine+(Sanye+Tablet).">Establishment of modified biopharmaceutics classification system absorption model for oral Traditional Chinese Medicine (Sanye Tablet).</a> Journal of Ethnopharmacology. 244, 112148 (2019).</li><li>Song, X. Y., Li, Y. D., Shi, Y. P., Jin, L., Chen, J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Quality+control+of+traditional+Chinese+medicines:+a+review.">Quality control of traditional Chinese medicines: a review.</a> Chinese Journal of Natural Medicines. 11 (6), 596-607 (2013).</li><li>Wu, X., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Quality+markers+based+on+biological+activity:+A+new+strategy+for+the+quality+control+of+traditional+Chinese+medicine.">Quality markers based on biological activity: A new strategy for the quality control of traditional Chinese medicine.</a> Phytomedicine. 44, 103-108 (2018).</li><li>Wei, N. -. N., Wang, X., Su, M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Progress+of+dissolution+test+methodologies.">Progress of dissolution test methodologies.</a> Chinese Journal of New Drugs. 22 (10), 1119-1124 (2013).</li><li>Chi, Z., Azhar, I., Khan, H., Yang, L., Feng, Y. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Automatic+dissolution+testing+with+high-temporal+resolution+for+both+immediate-release+and+fixed-combination+drug+tablets.">Automatic dissolution testing with high-temporal resolution for both immediate-release and fixed-combination drug tablets.</a> Scientific Reports. 9 (1), 17114 (2019).</li><li>Haidar, S. H., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Bioequivalence+approaches+for+highly+variable+drugs+and+drug+products.">Bioequivalence approaches for highly variable drugs and drug products.</a> Pharmaceutical Research. 25 (1), 237-241 (2008).</li></ol>

溶出度试验是模拟固体口服制剂在胃肠道15中崩解和溶出的理想体外方法。是评价和控制固体口服制剂质量的重要指标。因此，溶出度试验在固体药物口服制剂的开发中起着至关重要的作用16。特别是随着中药（TCM）质量控制技术的发展，溶出度测定已逐步应用于中药和民族药复方制剂的筛选研究17，18。
<p c...

在中国，心血管疾病患病率持续上升，心血管疾病发病率和死亡率居中国居民首位1。冠心病的心绞痛是由冠状动脉粥样硬化引起的管腔狭窄引起的，导致冠状动脉血液供应相对不足和心肌缺血缺氧2。近年来，中医药治疗冠心病的疗效得到了众多医生的认可3。
中医药在缓解临床症状和提高患者生活质量方面发挥着重要作用4.红景天颗粒（RG）是从青藏高原药用植物红 景天L 中提取和精制的。RG的主要成分是红景天苷、红景天和类黄酮5，6。RG具有补气7 ，活化和促进血液循环缓解疼痛的作用。临床上用于治疗气虚血瘀引起的胸梗阻、冠心病、心绞痛8.仅含量测定并不能完全反映药物的内在质量，因为 体外崩 解和溶出都会影响药物的生物利用度和功效9，10。中药溶出的检验方法有旋转篮法、桨法、小杯法等。旋转篮法的缺点是旋转过程中只有旋转篮的外部与溶解介质接触，这并不能反映现实世界的溶解行为。桨法可以克服上述缺点，使其比篮子法更适合一些固体中药制剂11。目前尚无RG体 外 溶出分析的报道。为了更全面地控制RG的质量，研究了RG中3种指标成分（没食子酸、红景天苷和没食子酸乙酯）的溶出行为。本研究为RG的质量控制提供了数据，为其他民族化合物制剂的质量评价提供了方法学参考。

<table border="1" fo:keep-together.within-page="1" fo:keep-with-next.within-page="always">
	<tbody>
		<tr>
			<td>Chromatographic column</td>
			<td>ZORBAX Eclipse&#160;&#160;</td>
			<td>XDB-C18</td>
			<td>4.6 mm x 250 mm, 5 &#181;m</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Drug dissolution tester</td>
			<td>Shanghai Huanghai Pharmaceutical Inspection Instrument Co., Ltd.</td>
			<td>RCZ-6B3</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Electronic analytical balance</td>
			<td>Shanghai Liangping Instruments Co., Ltd.</td>
			<td>FA1004</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Ethyl gallate (HPLC, &#8805;98%)</td>
			<td>Chengdu Desite Biotechnology Co., Ltd.</td>
			<td>DSTDM006301</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Function drawing software</td>
			<td>OriginLab Corporation, Northampton, MA, USA</td>
			<td>2022</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Gallic acid (HPLC, &#8805;98%)</td>
			<td>Chengdu Desite Biotechnology Co., Ltd.</td>
			<td>DSTDM000802</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>High performance liquid chromatography</td>
			<td>Agilent Technologies Singapore (International) Pte. Ltd.</td>
			<td>Agilent 1260 Infinity <img alt="Equation 1" src="/files/ftp_upload/64670/64670eq01.jpg" style="margin: auto;" /></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>HPLC grade methanol</td>
			<td>Thermo Fisher Scientific (China) Co., Ltd.</td>
			<td>216565</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Injector</td>
			<td>Chengdu Xinjin Shifeng Medical Apparatus &#38; Instrument Co., Ltd.</td>
			<td>0.7 (22 G)</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Millipore filter</td>
			<td>Tianjin Jinteng Experimental Equipment Co., Ltd</td>
			<td>&#966;13 0.22 Nylon66</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Rhodiola granules</td>
			<td>Tibet Nodikang Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.</td>
			<td>210501</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Salidroside (HPLC, &#8805;98%)</td>
			<td>Chengdu Desite Biotechnology Co., Ltd.</td>
			<td>DST200425-037</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Ultra pure water systemic</td>
			<td>Merck Millipore Ltd.</td>
			<td>Milli-Q</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Ultrasonic cleansing machine</td>
			<td>Ningbo Xinyi Ultrasonic Equipment Co., Ltd</td>
			<td>SB-8200 DTS</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

an in vitro dissolution determination of multi-index components in tibetan medicine rhodiola granules

藏药红景天颗粒（RG）成分复杂，RG的整体质量难以确定。因此，建立一种测定RG多组分 体外 溶出度的方法对质量控制具有重要意义。本研究采用中国药典（2020年版）第四通则0931的第二桨法，符合美国药典（USP）的器具2。将溶解装置设置为100 rpm的转速，以超纯水为溶解介质。在每个时间点收集1 mL的样品体积。采用高效液相色谱法测定没食子酸、红景天苷和没食子酸乙酯在不同时间点的累积溶出量。最后，绘制了溶解曲线，并将曲线拟合到GompertzMod，Gompertz，Logistic和Weibull方程。结果表明：没食子酸在RG中的累积溶出度在1 min时大于80%，红景天苷和没食子酸乙基在5 min时的累积溶出度超过65%，30 min后各指标组分的累积溶出度下降。曲线拟合表明，GompertzMod方程是RG每个指数分量的最佳拟合模型。总之，本协议中描述的溶出度测试方法简单，准确且可靠。它可以表征RG中指标组分的体 外溶出行为，为RG的质量控制和其他民族化合物的质量评价提供方法学参考。

本研究显示，RG的精密度、稳定性、重复性和样品回收率均在中国药典（2020年第4卷）12规定的方法学范围内，表明该方法是可行的。经过反复调试，确定本研究中使用的洗脱梯度对RG中的三种指标组分具有良好的分辨率（图1）。RG中的3种指标组分在特定浓度范围内具有良好的线性关系（表2）。精密度测试结果（表3）显示，红景天?...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about An In Vitro Dissolution Determination of Multi-Index Components in Tibetan Medicine Rhodiola Granules at JoVE.com

An In Vitro Dissolution Determination of Multi-Index Components in Tibetan Medicine Rhodiola Granules

在这里，我们在 体外测试了红景天颗粒（RG）的溶解度，绘制了红景天苷，没食子酸和没食子酸乙酯在超纯水中的溶解曲线，并将曲线拟合到不同的数学模型中。该协议为RG的 体内 生物等效性和体内外体 外 相关性研究提供了信息和指导。

藏药红景天颗粒中多指标组分的 体外 溶出度测定

The composition of the Tibetan medicine Rhodiola granules (RG) is complex, and the overall quality of RG is difficult to determine. Therefore, ...

体外措施是检查固体中药制剂溶液溶出情况的合适措施，综合考虑了药物崩解的影响、溶出行为和活性成分含量。多指标组分的检测可以更好地反映中性影响，以及不同组分的溶出度差异。演示该程序的将是来自我实验室的非凡学生Quinyun Du。首先，在电子分析天平上分别称量10.6 mg红光瞳剂、5.24 mg没食子酸和5.21 mg没食子酸乙酯，制备参比物质储备溶液。然后将它们单独添加到五毫升容量瓶中。然后加入HPLC级甲醇溶解，稀释至5毫升。最后，摇匀，得到质量浓度分别为2.120、1.048和1.042毫克/毫升的对照品储备溶液。要制备测试样品溶液，使用超声波清洁机用10毫升HPLC级甲醇提取2.8克红景天颗粒30分钟。然后用0.22微米滤光片过滤，进行系统适应性测试。然后制备含有0.590毫克/毫升红光体、2.030毫克/毫升没食子酸和1.930毫克/毫升没食子酸乙酯的混合参比溶液。为了获得红景天颗粒每种特征成分的理论含量，将2.8克红景天颗粒置于500毫升锥形瓶中。加入200毫升超纯水，超声提取60分钟。然后用0.22微米过滤器过滤。测定供试品溶液的含量后，按照手稿所述设置高效液相色谱的色谱条件。为了研究线性关系，稀释没食子酸和没食子酸乙酯的对照储备溶液和红光天精华的对照储备溶液，得到梯度浓度溶液，用于绘制标准曲线。然后将10微升混合参比溶液注入HPLC系统，每日6次，以相同的HPLC条件运行样品，同时记录各特征组分的峰面积。接下来注入制备好的样品溶液10微升，根据不同时间间隔的色谱条件测定HPLC的峰面积。如前所述，取6个相同批次的红景天颗粒样品制备供试样品溶液，并将每个样品10微升注入HPLC系统。如前所述运行样品以确定重现性。供试品溶液配制6份同批红景天颗粒后，加入各指示组分参比底物约50%。如前所述，在HPLC系统中运行这些样品，以计算手稿中所述的回收率。进行溶出度试验，在药物溶出装置的溶出杯中加入100毫升超纯水，以100rpm的转速将温度保持在37摄氏度。接下来将2.8克红景天颗粒加入溶出杯中，并立即开始记录溶出时间。用进样器以不同的时间间隔收集总共一毫升的样品，并立即在相同温度下用溶解介质在溶出杯中补足体积。立即将收集的样品填充到0.22微米的微孔膜中，并取后续滤液。确定各组分的含量后，按HPLC在每个时间点计算每个时间点的溶出度，并按稿文所述累积溶出度。取供试品色谱图和对照品溶液。没食子酸、红光体和没食子酸乙酯对应的3个不同峰表明，洗脱梯度对红景天颗粒中的3种指数组分具有良好的分离度。各组分的溶出度曲线显示，1 min后没食子酸的累积溶出度均超过80%。而对于红景天和没食子酸乙酯，五分钟后超过65%。然而，每个指数成分的累积溶解在30分钟后下降。调整标准曲线的稀释问题，根据样品处理的初步实验，必须快速收集样品，以免错过特殊的收集时间点。

Research

JoVE Journal

Medicine

An In Vitro Dissolution Determination of Multi-Index Components in Tibetan Medicine Rhodiola Granules

Stem Cell Transplantation in an in vitro Simulated Ischemia/Reperfusion Model

Stem Cell Transplantation in an in vitro Simulated Ischemia/Reperfusion Model

在干细胞移植在体外模拟缺血/再灌注模型

Stem cell transplantation protocols are finding their way into clinical practice1,2,3. Getting better results, making the protocols more robust, and ...

科研

医学

Using Quantitative Real-time PCR to Determine Donor Cell Engraftment in a Competitive Murine Bone Marrow Transplantation Model

采用实时定量PCR检测供体细胞植入一个具有竞争力的小鼠骨髓移植模型

Murine bone marrow transplantation models provide an important tool in measuring hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) functions and determining genes/molecules ...

An Improved Method for Rapid Intubation of the Trachea in Mice

在小鼠气管插管快速的改进方法

Despite some anatomical and physiological differences, mouse models continue to be an essential tool for studying human lung disease. Bleomycin toxicity ...

Determination of the Relative Potency of an Anti-TNF Monoclonal Antibody (mAb) by Neutralizing TNF Using an In Vitro Bioanalytical Method

Determination of the Relative Potency of an Anti-TNF Monoclonal Antibody mAb by Neutralizing TNF Using an In Vitro Bioanalytical Method

使用体外生物法测定抗 tnf 单克隆抗体 (抗体) 的相对效力

This protocol shows the measurement of the apoptotic activity neutralization of TNF&#945; in a mouse fibroblast cell model (WEHI 164) using an ...

Neonatal Murine Cochlear Explant Technique as an In Vitro Screening Tool in Hearing Research

Neonatal Murine Cochlear Explant Technique as an In Vitro Screening Tool in Hearing Research

新生儿鼠耳蜗外科手术技术<em&gt;体外</em&gt;听力研究筛选工具

While there have been remarkable advances in hearing research over the past few decades, there is still no cure for Sensorineural Hearing Loss (SNHL), a ...

An In Vitro Approach to Photodynamic Therapy

An In Vitro Approach to Photodynamic Therapy

一种体外光动力治疗方法的研究

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a medical procedure that involves incubation of an exogenously applied photosensitizer (PS) followed by visible light ...

Preparation Of Gushukang (GSK) Granules for In Vivo and In Vitro Experiments

Preparation Of Gushukang GSK Granules for In Vivo and In Vitro Experiments

古树康 (GSK) 颗粒的制备,用于 Vivo 和体外实验

Traditional Chinese herbal medicine plays a role as an alternative method in treating many diseases, such as postmenopausal osteoporosis (POP). Gushukang ...

Optimized Griess Reaction for UV-Vis and Naked-eye Determination of Anti-malarial Primaquine

抗疟药的紫外线-Vis和裸眼测定优化的格里斯反应

Primaquine (PMQ), an important anti-malarial drug, has been recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO) for the treatment of life-threatening ...

Using a Chemical Biopsy for Graft Quality Assessment

使用化学活检进行移植质量评估

Kidney transplantation is a life-saving treatment for a large number of people with end-stage renal dysfunction worldwide. The procedure is associated ...

On-Site Sampling and Extraction of Brain Tumors for Metabolomics and Lipidomics Analysis

代谢组学和利皮多米分析脑肿瘤的现场采样与提取

Despite the variety of tools available for cancer diagnosis and classification, methods that enable fast and simple characterization of tumors are still ...

藏药红景天颗粒中多指标组分的 体外 溶出度测定

藏药红景天颗粒中多指标组分的体外溶出度测定