Name: Forfatter Spotlight: Utvikling av en effektiv og gjennomførbar metode for frysing av retinal pigmentepitelcelle
Uploaded: 2023-11-03T13:20:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Cryopreservation of Human Embryonic Stem Cell-Derived Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells at the Optimal Stage at JoVE.com

Dette arbeidet ble finansiert av National Natural Science Foundation of China (81970816) til Mei Jiang; National Natural Science Foundation of China (82201223) til Xinyue Zhu; og handlingsplanen for vitenskapelig og teknologisk innovasjon fra Shanghai Science and Technology Commission (2014090067000) til Haiyun Liu.

1. Celle dissosiasjon
<ol><li>Oppretthold RPE-celler som tidligere beskrevet17,22. MERK: Alle celler dyrkes ved 37 °C i en 5 % CO2 -atmosfære gjennom hele protokollens varighet.</li>
	<li>Forbered den nødvendige mengden PBS og kulturmedium i et 37 ° C vannbad og plasser celledissosiasjonsreagenset ved romtemperatur.</li>
	<li>Kast kulturløsningen og vask platene to ganger med 1 ml forvarmet PBS per brønn.</li>
	<li>Tilsett 1...

Fremme kryolagring av humane stamcelle-avledede retinale pigmentepitelceller

<ol>
	<li>Lakkaraju, A., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+cell+biology+of+the+retinal+pigment+epithelium.">The cell biology of the retinal pigment epithelium.</a> Progress in Retinal and Eye Research. 78, 100846 (2020).</li><li>Mcbain, V. A., Townend, J., Lois, N. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Progression+of+retinal+pigment+epithelial+atrophy+in+stargardt+disease.">Progression of retinal pigment epithelial atrophy in stargardt disease.</a> American Journal of Ophthamology. 154 (1), 146-154 (2012).</li><li>George, S. M., Lu, F., Rao, M., Leach, L. L., Gross, J. M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+retinal+pigment+epithelium:+Development,+injury+responses,+and+regenerative+potential+in+mammalian+and+non-mammalian+systems.">The retinal pigment epithelium: Development, injury responses, and regenerative potential in mammalian and non-mammalian systems.</a> Progress in Retinal and Eye Research. 85, 100969 (2021).</li><li>Rizzolo, L. J., Nasonkin, I. O., Adelman, R. A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Retinal+cell+transplantation,+biomaterials,+and+in+vitro+models+for+developing+next-generation+therapies+of+age-related+macular+degeneration.">Retinal cell transplantation, biomaterials, and in vitro models for developing next-generation therapies of age-related macular degeneration.</a> Stem Cells Translational Medicine. 11 (3), 269-281 (2022).</li><li>Bertolotti, E., Neri, A., Camparini, M., Macaluso, C., Marigo, V. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Stem+cells+as+source+for+retinal+pigment+epithelium+transplantation.">Stem cells as source for retinal pigment epithelium transplantation.</a> Progress in Retinal and Eye Research. 42, 130-144 (2014).</li><li>Da Cruz, ., L, , et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Phase+1+clinical+study+of+an+embryonic+stem+cell-derived+retinal+pigment+epithelium+patch+in+age-related+macular+degeneration.">Phase 1 clinical study of an embryonic stem cell-derived retinal pigment epithelium patch in age-related macular degeneration.</a> Nature Biotechnology. 36 (4), 328-337 (2018).</li><li>Mehat, M. S., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Transplantation+of+human+embryonic+stem+cell-derived+retinal+pigment+epithelial+cells+in+macular+degeneration.">Transplantation of human embryonic stem cell-derived retinal pigment epithelial cells in macular degeneration.</a> Ophthalmology. 125 (11), 1765-1775 (2018).</li><li>Buchholz, D. E., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Rapid+and+efficient+directed+differentiation+of+human+pluripotent+stem+cells+into+retinal+pigmented+epithelium.">Rapid and efficient directed differentiation of human pluripotent stem cells into retinal pigmented epithelium.</a> Stem Cells Translational Medicine. 2 (5), 384-393 (2013).</li><li>Li, Q. -. Y., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Functional+assessment+of+cryopreserved+clinical+grade+hESC-RPE+cells+as+a+qualified+cell+source+for+stem+cell+therapy+of+retinal+degenerative+diseases.">Functional assessment of cryopreserved clinical grade hESC-RPE cells as a qualified cell source for stem cell therapy of retinal degenerative diseases.</a> Experimental Eye Research. 202, 108305 (2021).</li><li>Francois, M., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Cryopreserved+mesenchymal+stromal+cells+display+impaired+immunosuppressive+properties+as+a+result+of+heat-shock+response+and+impaired+interferon-gamma+licensing.">Cryopreserved mesenchymal stromal cells display impaired immunosuppressive properties as a result of heat-shock response and impaired interferon-gamma licensing.</a> Cytotherapy. 14 (2), 147-152 (2012).</li><li>Moll, G., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Do+cryopreserved+mesenchymal+stromal+cells+display+impaired+immunomodulatory+and+therapeutic+properties.">Do cryopreserved mesenchymal stromal cells display impaired immunomodulatory and therapeutic properties.</a> Stem Cells. 32 (9), 2430-2442 (2014).</li><li>Ekpo, M. D., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Incorporating+cryopreservation+evaluations+into+the+design+of+cell-based+drug+delivery+systems:+an+opinion+paper.">Incorporating cryopreservation evaluations into the design of cell-based drug delivery systems: an opinion paper.</a> Frontiers in Immunology. 13, 967731 (2022).</li><li>Bailey, T. L., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Protective+effects+of+osmolytes+in+cryopreserving+adherent+neuroblastoma+(Neuro-2a)+cells.">Protective effects of osmolytes in cryopreserving adherent neuroblastoma (Neuro-2a) cells.</a> Cryobiology. 71 (3), 472-480 (2015).</li><li>Okumura, N., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Feasibility+of+a+cryopreservation+of+cultured+human+corneal+endothelial+cells.">Feasibility of a cryopreservation of cultured human corneal endothelial cells.</a> PLoS One. 14 (6), e0218431 (2019).</li><li>Pennington, B. O., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Xeno-free+cryopreservation+of+adherent+retinal+pigmented+epithelium+yields+viable+and+functional+cells+in+vitro+and+in+vivo.">Xeno-free cryopreservation of adherent retinal pigmented epithelium yields viable and functional cells in vitro and in vivo.</a> Scientific Reports. 11 (1), 6286 (2021).</li><li>Woods, E. J., Thirumala, S., Badhe-Buchanan, S. S., Clarke, D., Mathew, A. J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Off+the+shelf+cellular+therapeutics:+Factors+to+consider+during+cryopreservation+and+storage+of+human+cells+for+clinical+use.">Off the shelf cellular therapeutics: Factors to consider during cryopreservation and storage of human cells for clinical use.</a> Cytotherapy. 18 (6), 697-711 (2016).</li><li>Zhang, T., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Determining+the+optimal+stage+for+cryopreservation+of+human+embryonic+stem+cell-derived+retinal+pigment+epithelial+cells.">Determining the optimal stage for cryopreservation of human embryonic stem cell-derived retinal pigment epithelial cells.</a> Stem Cell Research &amp; Therapy. 13 (1), 454 (2022).</li><li>Leach, L. L., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Induced+pluripotent+stem+cell-derived+retinal+pigmented+epithelium:+a+comparative+study+between+cell+lines+and+differentiation+Methods.">Induced pluripotent stem cell-derived retinal pigmented epithelium: a comparative study between cell lines and differentiation Methods.</a> Journal of Ocular Pharmacology and Therapeutics. 32 (5), 317-330 (2016).</li><li>Reichman, S., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Generation+of+storable+retinal+organoids+and+retinal+pigmented+epithelium+from+adherent+human+iPS+cells+in+Xeno-free+and+feeder-free+conditions.">Generation of storable retinal organoids and retinal pigmented epithelium from adherent human iPS cells in Xeno-free and feeder-free conditions.</a> Stem Cells. 35 (5), 1176-1188 (2017).</li><li>Brandl, C., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=In-depth+characterisation+of+retinal+pigment+epithelium+(RPE)+cells+derived+from+human+induced+pluripotent+stem+cells+(hiPSC).">In-depth characterisation of retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cells derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSC).</a> Neuromolecular Medicine. 16 (3), 551-564 (2014).</li><li>Hongisto, H., Ilmarinen, T., Vattulainen, M., Mikhailova, A., Skottman, H. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Xeno-+and+feeder-free+differentiation+of+human+pluripotent+stem+cells+to+two+distinct+ocular+epithelial+cell+types+using+simple+modifications+of+one+method.">Xeno- and feeder-free differentiation of human pluripotent stem cells to two distinct ocular epithelial cell types using simple modifications of one method.</a> Stem Cell Research &amp; Therapy. 8 (1), 291 (2017).</li><li>Foltz, L. P., Clegg, D. O. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Rapid,+directed+differentiation+of+retinal+pigment+epithelial+cells+from+human+embryonic+or+induced+pluripotent+stem+cells.">Rapid, directed differentiation of retinal pigment epithelial cells from human embryonic or induced pluripotent stem cells.</a> Journal of Visualized Experiments: JoVE. (128), 10.3791/56274 (2017).</li><li>Marcantonini, G., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Natural+cryoprotective+and+cytoprotective+agents+in+cryopreservation:+a+focus+on+melatonin.">Natural cryoprotective and cytoprotective agents in cryopreservation: a focus on melatonin.</a> Molecules. 27 (10), 3254 (2022).</li></ol>

I denne studien er en vellykket fryse-tine-protokoll for hESC-avledede RPE-celler for forskning og kliniske behov beskrevet. I motsetning til den udødeliggjorte RPE-cellelinjen, ARPE-19, er RPE-celler med riktig karakteristisk epitelfenotype og funksjon, som stamcelleavledede RPE-celler, mer følsomme for kryokonservering. Mindre enn 32 % av cellene forble 24 timer etter tining hvis de ikke ble riktig bevart17. Kryokonserveringstidspunkt er en kritisk parameter. Et etablert syn for udødeliggjort...

Retinal pigmentepitel (RPE) er et pigmentert monolag av celler som kreves for å opprettholde riktig funksjon av netthinnen1. RPE-dysfunksjon og død er nært assosiert med mange retinale degenerative sykdommer, inkludert aldersrelatert makuladegenerasjon, retinitis pigmentosa og Stargardts sykdom 2,3. RPE-erstatningsterapi er et av de mest lovende behandlingsregimene for disse sykdommene 4,5,6,7. En stabil tilførsel av donor-RPE-celler er avgjørende for celleterapi. Humane embryonale stamceller (hESC)-avledede RPE-celler er en ideell cellekilde for celleterapi fordi de etterligner funksjonen til primære RPE-celler og kan produsere en teoretisk ubegrenset forsyning8. Differensieringsprosessen er imidlertid arbeidskrevende og holdbarheten til de oppnådde RPE-cellene er relativt kort på grunn av påfølgende epitel-mesenkymal overgang (EMT). Derfor er kryokonservering av hESC-avledede RPE-celler et uunnværlig skritt som kreves for langtidslagring og distribusjon på forespørsel9.
Kryokonserveringsindusert cellulær skade kan utilsiktet kompromittere terapeutisk effekt10,11. Derfor har nyere studier på kryokonservering foreslått at optimale kryogene lagringsforhold bør bestemmes ved utforming av celleterapier12. Vellykket kryokonservering garanterer effektiv cellegjenoppretting, høy levedyktighet og gjenoppretting av cellefunksjon etter fryse-tine-syklusen. Imidlertid har tidligere studier på kryokonservering av de vedheftende monolagene av pattedyrceller rapportert svært varierende (35%-95%) overlevelsesrater etter tining 13,14,15. Mange faktorer påvirker resultatene av kryopreservering betydelig, spesielt under frysestadiet16,17. Nyere forskning viste at RPE-celler frosset på forskjellige tidspunkter viste variert utvinning etter tining17. Så vidt vi vet, mangler studier på bestemmelsen av det optimale frysetidsvinduet for stamcelleavledede RPE-celler. I forskjellige studier ble cellene frosset på forskjellige stadier: noen celler ble frosset kort tid etter passering eller før sammenløp eller pigmentering 8,15,18, mens andre ble frosset på andre tidspunkter 9,19,20,21. Videre er det ingen klare bevis for om fasen eller stadiet av RPE-celler som brukes til kryokonservering påvirker RPE-funksjonen etter tining. I vår forrige studie demonstrerte vi for første gang at den eksponentielle fasen av cellevekst (P2D5) er det beste stadiet for kryokonservering av hESC-avledede RPE-celler når det gjelder cellelevedyktighet og gjenoppretting av cellulære egenskaper og funksjoner17.
Metoden som er etablert her tar sikte på å kryokonservere hESC-avledet RPE på et optimalt stadium for å oppnå best mulig bevaring når det gjelder cellelevedyktighet og funksjon etter tining. Ved å bruke 5-etynyl-2'-deoksyuridin (EdU) merkingsanalyse for å oppdage den eksponentielle fasen av DNA-syntese før kryokonservering, viste tint RPE-celler >80 % levedyktighet og festehastighet, RPE-spesifikt genuttrykk, polarisert cellemorfologi, pigmentepitel-avledet faktorsekresjon, passende transepitelresistens og fagocytisk evne 8,17,22. Selv om denne protokollen fokuserer på hESC-avledede RPE-celler og ikke alle terapeutiske celler er like kryokonserverte, kan strategien med frysing i den eksponentielle fasen brukes på mange andre terapeutiske celler.

<table border="1" fo:keep-together.within-page="1" fo:keep-with-next.within-page="always">
	<tbody>
		<tr>
			<td>40 &#956;m Cell strainer</td>
			<td>Corning</td>
			<td>431750</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Click-iT EdU Cell Proliferation Kit for Imaging, Alexa Fluor 488 Dye</td>
			<td>Thermo Fisher Scientific</td>
			<td>C10337</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Cryo freezing container</td>
			<td>Nalgene</td>
			<td>5100-0001</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>CryoStor CS10</td>
			<td>Biolife Solutions</td>
			<td>07930</td>
			<td>cryopreservation medium #1</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>DPBS, no calcium, no magnesium</td>
			<td>Thermo Fisher Scientific</td>
			<td>14190144</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Genxin</td>
			<td>Selcell</td>
			<td>YB050050</td>
			<td>cryopreservation medium #2</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Human embryonic stem cells</td>
			<td>provided by Wicell, USA</td>
			<td>H9 cell line</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Matrigel, hESC-Qualified Matrix</td>
			<td>Corning</td>
			<td>354277</td>
			<td>basement membrane matrix</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>ThawSTAR CFT2 Automated Cell Thawing System</td>
			<td>BioLife Solutions</td>
			<td>AST-601</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Trypan Blue solution 0.4%</td>
			<td>Sigma</td>
			<td>T8154</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>TryPLE Select</td>
			<td>Thermo Fisher Scientific</td>
			<td>12563029</td>
			<td>cell dissociation reagent</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>XVIVO-10 medium</td>
			<td>Lonza</td>
			<td>BEBP04-743Q</td>
			<td>RPE culture medium</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Y-27632</td>
			<td>Selleck</td>
			<td>S1049</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

cryopreservation of human embryonic stem cell-derived retinal pigment epithelial cells at the optimal stage

Retinale pigmentepitelceller (RPE) avledet fra humane embryonale stamceller (hESC) er overlegne cellekilder for celleerstatningsterapi hos personer med retinale degenerative sykdommer; Imidlertid er studier på stabil og sikker banking av disse terapeutiske cellene knappe. Svært variabel cellelevedyktighet og funksjonell gjenoppretting av RPE-celler etter kryokonservering er de vanligste problemene. I denne protokollen hadde vi som mål å oppnå den beste cellegjenopprettingshastigheten etter tining ved å velge den optimale cellefasen for frysing basert på de opprinnelige eksperimentelle forholdene. Celler ble frosset i den eksponentielle fasen bestemt ved å bruke 5-etynyl-2′-deoksyuridin-merkingsanalysen, som forbedret cellelevedyktighet og utvinningshastighet etter tining. Stabile og funksjonelle celler ble oppnådd kort tid etter tining, uavhengig av en lang differensieringsprosess. Metodene beskrevet her tillater enkel, effektiv og billig konservering og tining av hESC-avledede RPE-celler. Selv om denne protokollen fokuserer på RPE-celler, kan denne frysestrategien brukes på mange andre typer differensierte celler.

The retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) is a pigmented monolayer of cells required for maintaining the proper function of the retina1. RPE dysfunction and death are closely associated with many retinal degenerative diseases, including age-related macular degeneration, retinitis pigmentosa, and Stargardt disease2,3. RPE replacement therapy is one of the most promising treatment regimens for these diseases4,5,6,7. A stable supply of donor RPE cells is vital for cell therapy. Human embryonic stem cell (hESC)-derived RPE cells are an ideal cell source for cell therapy because they mimic the function of primary RPE cells and can produce a theoretically unlimited supply8. However, the differentiation process is laborious and the shelf-life of the obtained RPE cells is relatively short because of subsequent epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Therefore, the cryopreservation of hESC-derived RPE cells is an indispensable step required for long-term storage and on-demand distribution9.
Cryopreservation-induced cellular damage can inadvertently compromise therapeutic efficacy10,11. Therefore, recent studies on cryopreservation have proposed that optimal cryogenic storage conditions should be determined when designing cell therapies12. Successful cryopreservation guarantees efficient cell recovery, high viability, and cell function restoration after the freeze-thaw cycle. However, previous studies on the cryopreservation of the adherent monolayers of mammalian cells have reported highly variable (35%-95%) survival rates after thawing13,14,15. Many factors considerably affect the outcomes of cryopreservation, particularly during the freezing stage16,17. Recent research showed that RPE cells frozen at different time points exhibited varied recovery after thawing17. To the best of our knowledge, studies on the determination of the optimal freezing time window for stem cell-derived RPE cells are lacking. In different studies, the cells were frozen at various stages: some cells were frozen shortly after passaging or before confluency or pigmentation8,15,18, whereas others were frozen at other time points9,19,20,21. Furthermore, there is no clear evidence of whether the phase or stage of RPE cells used for cryopreservation affects RPE function after thawing. In our previous study, we demonstrated for the first time that the exponential phase of cell growth (P2D5) is the best stage for the cryopreservation of hESC-derived RPE cells in terms of cell viability and the recovery of cellular properties and functions17.
The method established here aims to cryopreserve hESC-derived RPE at an optimal stage to achieve the best preservation in terms of cell viability and function after thawing. Using the 5-ethynyl-2&#39;-deoxyuridine (EdU) labeling assay to detect the exponential phase of DNA synthesis before cryopreservation, thawed RPE cells exhibited &#62;80% viability and attachment rate, RPE-specific gene expression, polarized cell morphology, pigment epithelium-derived factor secretion, appropriate transepithelial resistance, and phagocytic ability8,17,22. Although this protocol focuses&#160;on hESC-derived RPE cells and not all therapeutic cells are equally cryopreserved, the strategy of freezing in the exponential phase may be applied to many other therapeutic cells.

Forfatter Spotlight: Utvikling av en effektiv og gjennomførbar metode for frysing av retinal pigmentepitelcelle

Kryopreservering av humane embryonale stamcelleavledede retinale pigmentepitelceller på det optimale stadiet

Our lab aims to better understand the molecular mechanism of retinal diseases, with a focus on unmet medical needs of patients. We aim to develop effective treatments, such as stem-cell-based therapies, for them. Cryopreservation of stem-cell-derived RPE cells is an important step for RPE replacement therapy.Currently, the cells are frozen at various stages, resulting in highly variable survival rates for thawing. This is needed to determine the optimal cell stage for freezing these cells. Our protocol provides a simple, efficient, and inexpensive ways of freezing RPE cells by determining the exponential phase of RPE cells for freezing.It's less dependent of differentiated methods or cell lines.

Her ble hESC-avledede RPE-celler ved P1D35 passert og sådd med en tetthet på 105/cm2. I løpet av en uke etter såing gikk den karakteristiske sekskantede morfologien og pigmenteringen tapt under lagfasen (ca. 2 dager). RPE-celler tok gradvis i bruk den sekskantede morfologien i den eksponentielle fasen (ca. 5 dager, figur 1A) og gikk inn i retardasjonsfasen (ca. 6 dager) med en mer polygonal morfologi. Hvis celledyrking ble fortsatt i en uke til, ble celleproliferasj...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Cryopreservation of Human Embryonic Stem Cell-Derived Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells at the Optimal Stage at JoVE.com

Denne studien gir en detaljert protokoll for effektiv kryokonservering av humane stamcelle-avledede retinale pigmentepitelceller.

Retinal pigment epithelial&#160;(RPE) cells derived from human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) are superior cell sources for cell replacement therapy in ...

Laboratoriet vårt tar sikte på å bedre forstå den molekylære mekanismen til netthinnesykdommer, med fokus på udekkede medisinske behov hos pasienter. Vi tar sikte på å utvikle effektive behandlinger, for eksempel stamcellebaserte terapier, for dem. Kryokonservering av stamcelleavledede RPE-celler er et viktig skritt for RPE-erstatningsterapi.For tiden fryses cellene på ulike stadier, noe som resulterer i svært varierende overlevelsesrater for tining. Dette er nødvendig for å bestemme det optimale cellestadiet for frysing av disse cellene. Protokollen vår gir en enkel, effektiv og rimelig måte å fryse RPE-celler på ved å bestemme den eksponentielle fasen til RPE-celler for frysing.Det er mindre avhengig av differensierte metoder eller cellelinjer.

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Research

JoVE Journal

Medicine

Cryopreservation of Human Embryonic Stem Cell-Derived Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells at the Optimal Stage

Retinal pigment epithelial&#160;(RPE) cells derived from human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) are superior cell sources for cell replacement therapy in individuals with retinal degenerative diseases; however, studies on the stable and secure banking of these therapeutic cells are scarce. Highly variable cell viability and functional recovery of&#160;RPE cells after cryopreservation are the most commonly encountered issues. In the present protocol, we aimed to achieve the best cell recovery rate after thawing by selecting the optimal cell phase for freezing based on the original experimental conditions. Cells were frozen in the exponential phase determined by using the 5-ethynyl-2&#8242;-deoxyuridine labeling assay, which improved cell viability and recovery rate after thawing. Stable and functional cells were obtained shortly after thawing, independent of a long differentiation process. The methods described here allow the simple, efficient, and inexpensive preservation and thawing of hESC-derived RPE cells. Although this protocol focuses on RPE cells, this freezing strategy may be applied to many other types of differentiated cells.

This study provides a detailed protocol for the efficient cryopreservation of human stem cell-derived retinal pigment epithelial cells.

Human Embryonic Stem Cell-Derived Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cell Dissociation and Optimal Cryopreservation Stage Determination

To begin, dilute a vial of thawed cold basement membrane matrix with 12 milliliters of DM EM F12. Mix the suspension well. Add one cover slip into each well of a 24-well plate.Then, pipette 250 microliters of the dilute matrix solution into each well. Discard the culture medium of the cultured hESC derived retinal pigment epithelial cell plates. Wash the plates two times with one milliliter of preheated PBS per well.Next, add 0.5 milliliters of the cell dissociation reagent to the wells of the culture plates, and incubate them at 37 degrees Celsius for 15 minutes to initiate digestion. After incubation, observe the cells under the microscope to confirm the end of digestion. Now with a one milliliter pipette, gently pipette the cell suspension up and down 10 times.Add preheated culture medium to dilute the suspension. Then, centrifuge it at 250 G for three minutes at room temperature. Pour out the supernatant from the centrifuge tube.Then, re-suspend the cell pellet in two milliliters of the culture medium. Use a pipette to mix the cells 10 to 15 times. Filter the cell suspension through a 40 micrometer cell strainer.Next, count the retinal pigment epithelial cells. Aspirate the coating solution before plating. Then, add one milliliter of the culture medium into each well and seed the cells on the cover slips.After EDU incorporation and staining, capture the images of five random fields with a fluorescence microscope. Calculate the percentage of EDU positive cells. Then, plot the corresponding proportion time curves to generate a growth curve.Lastly, determine the freezing window from the exponential phase for each cell line. The retinal pigment epithelial cells initially lost their characteristic hexagonal morphology, but later regained it in the exponential phase of growth. When the cells were cultured for an additional week, cell proliferation decreased.EDU proliferation assay confirmed that P2 day five cells exhibited a higher proliferation rate, whereas P2 day 11 cells had entered the deceleration phase.

Human embryonal stamcelle-avledet retinal pigment epitelcelledissosiasjon og optimal bestemmelse av kryokonserveringsstadium

Preservation of Human Embryonic Stem Cell-Derived Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells with Optimized Cryopreservation

To begin, dissociate the hESC-derived retinal pigment epithelial cells, prepare the cell suspension, and then count the cells. Now, centrifuge the cells at 250g for three minutes at room temperature. Pour out the supernatant, then, resuspend the cell pellet in cryopreservation medium.Next, transfer one milliliter of the cell suspension to a 1.2-milliliter cryogenic vial. Place the cryogenic vials in a freezing container and freeze overnight at minus 80 degrees Celsius. Transfer the vials to liquid nitrogen for long-term storage.To thaw the frozen vials, first heat the culture medium in metallic beads heated to 37 degrees Celsius, pre-fill 10 milliliters of the warmed culture medium into a 15-milliliter tube. Now, remove the cryogenic vials from the liquid nitrogen and place them in an automated thawing system for rapid thawing. Drop 0.5 to one milliliter of the preheated culture medium into the cryogenic vial to ensure gradual cell adaptation.Then, pipet 1.5 to two milliliters of the cell suspension to the 15-milliliter tube with medium. Centrifuge the cells at 250g for three minutes at room temperature. Then, discard the supernatant.Resuspend the pellet in two milliliters of warm medium. Load the cells in a hemocytometer and count them to determine the recovery and survival rates. Culture the thawed cells on basement membrane coated plates in a culture medium with Y27632.The retinal pigment epithelial cells that were frozen on day five in their exponential phase displayed a higher attachment rate after thawing. Relative to their characteristic hexagonal morphology, the cells frozen at other time points had a fibroblastic phenotype. P2 day-five cells displayed higher expression and more properly localized cell markers 28 days after thawing.It was noted that different cryopreservation media performed equally well in achieving high cell viability and attachment post-thawing.