Name: Autore in primo piano: Svelare i misteri delle neoplasie maligne orali
Uploaded: 2023-08-11T15:00:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Unlocking the Mysteries of Oral Potential Malignancies at JoVE.com

Questo lavoro è stato supportato da sovvenzioni di ricerca della National Nature Science Foundation of China (81671006, 81300894), CAMS Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences (2019-I2M-5-038), National clinical key discipline construction project (PKUSSNKP-202102), Innovation Fund for Outstanding Doctoral Candidate of Peking University Health Science Center (BMU2022BSS001).

Questo studio è stato approvato dal comitato di revisione istituzionale della Scuola e dell'Ospedale dell'Università di Pechino. Il consenso informato è stato ottenuto dai pazienti. I campioni di tessuto utilizzati in questo studio sono stati resi anonimi. Lo schema di studio è illustrato nella Figura 1.
1. Preparazione del campione
<ol><li>Tagliare i tessuti di fibrosi sottomucosa orale fissati in formalina e inclusi in paraffina in sezioni...

Acquisizione di campioni di tessuto orale di fibrosi sottomucosa per l'analisi spazio-omica

<ol>
	<li>Cai, X., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Oral+submucous+fibrosis:+A+clinicopathological+study+of+674+cases+in+China.">Oral submucous fibrosis: A clinicopathological study of 674 cases in China.</a> Journal of Oral Pathology &amp; Medicine. 48 (4), 321-325 (2019).</li><li>Cai, X., Huang, J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Clinicopathological+factors+associated+with+progression+of+oral+submucous+fibrosis:+A+population-based+retrospective+study.">Clinicopathological factors associated with progression of oral submucous fibrosis: A population-based retrospective study.</a> Oral Oncology. 130, 105949 (2022).</li><li>Ray, J. G., Chatterjee, R., Chaudhuri, K. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Oral+submucous+fibrosis:+A+global+challenge.+Rising+incidence,+risk+factors,+management,+and+research+priorities.">Oral submucous fibrosis: A global challenge. Rising incidence, risk factors, management, and research priorities.</a> Periodontology 2000. 80 (1), 200-212 (2019).</li><li>Shih, Y. H., Wang, T. H., Shieh, T. M., Tseng, Y. H. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Oral+submucous+fibrosis:+A+Review+on+etiopathogenesis,+diagnosis,+and+therapy.">Oral submucous fibrosis: A Review on etiopathogenesis, diagnosis, and therapy.</a> International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 20 (12), 2940 (2019).</li><li>Cai, X., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+preliminary+exploration+of+immune+microenvironment+in+oral+leukoplakia+concomitant+with+oral+submucosal+fibrosis:+A+comparative+immunohistochemical+study.">The preliminary exploration of immune microenvironment in oral leukoplakia concomitant with oral submucosal fibrosis: A comparative immunohistochemical study.</a> Journal of Oral Pathology &amp; Medicine. , (2023).</li><li>Warnakulasuriya, S., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Oral+potentially+malignant+disorders:+A+consensus+report+from+an+international+seminar+on+nomenclature+and+classification,+convened+by+the+WHO+Collaborating+Centre+for+Oral+Cancer.">Oral potentially malignant disorders: A consensus report from an international seminar on nomenclature and classification, convened by the WHO Collaborating Centre for Oral Cancer.</a> Oral Diseases. 27 (8), 1862-1880 (2021).</li><li>Cai, X., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Development+and+validation+of+a+nomogram+prediction+model+for+malignant+transformation+of+oral+potentially+malignant+disorders.">Development and validation of a nomogram prediction model for malignant transformation of oral potentially malignant disorders.</a> Oral Oncology. 123, 105619 (2021).</li><li>Murthy, V., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Malignant+transformation+rate+of+oral+submucous+fibrosis:+A+systematic+review+and+meta-analysis.">Malignant transformation rate of oral submucous fibrosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis.</a> Journal of Clinical Medicine. 11 (7), 1793 (2022).</li><li>Kujan, O., Mello, F. W., Warnakulasuriya, S. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Malignant+transformation+of+oral+submucous+fibrosis:+A+systematic+review+and+meta-analysis.">Malignant transformation of oral submucous fibrosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis.</a> Oral Diseases. 27 (8), 1936-1946 (2020).</li><li>Qin, X., Ning, Y., Zhou, L., Zhu, Y. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Oral+submucous+fibrosis:+Etiological+mechanism,+malignant+transformation,+therapeutic+approaches+and+targets.">Oral submucous fibrosis: Etiological mechanism, malignant transformation, therapeutic approaches and targets.</a> International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 24 (5), 4992 (2023).</li><li>Sun, L., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Single-cell+and+spatial+dissection+of+precancerous+lesions+underlying+the+initiation+process+of+oral+squamous+cell+carcinoma.">Single-cell and spatial dissection of precancerous lesions underlying the initiation process of oral squamous cell carcinoma.</a> Cell Discovery. 9 (1), 28 (2023).</li><li>Zhu, J., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Delineating+the+dynamic+evolution+from+preneoplasia+to+invasive+lung+adenocarcinoma+by+integrating+single-cell+RNA+sequencing+and+spatial+transcriptomics.">Delineating the dynamic evolution from preneoplasia to invasive lung adenocarcinoma by integrating single-cell RNA sequencing and spatial transcriptomics.</a> Experimental &amp; Molecular Medicine. 54 (11), 2060-2076 (2022).</li><li>Ji, A. L., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Multimodal+analysis+of+composition+and+spatial+architecture+in+human+squamous+cell+carcinoma.">Multimodal analysis of composition and spatial architecture in human squamous cell carcinoma.</a> Cell. 182 (2), 497-514 (2020).</li><li>Van den Bossche, V., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Microenvironment-driven+intratumoral+heterogeneity+in+head+and+neck+cancers:+clinical+challenges+and+opportunities+for+precision+medicine.">Microenvironment-driven intratumoral heterogeneity in head and neck cancers: clinical challenges and opportunities for precision medicine.</a> Drug Resistance Updates. 60, 100806 (2022).</li><li>Li, X., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Improvement+in+the+risk+assessment+of+oral+leukoplakia+through+morphology-related+copy+number+analysis.">Improvement in the risk assessment of oral leukoplakia through morphology-related copy number analysis.</a> Science China. Life sciences. 64 (9), 1379-1391 (2021).</li><li>Watkins, T. B. K., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Pervasive+chromosomal+instability+and+karyotype+order+in+tumour+evolution.">Pervasive chromosomal instability and karyotype order in tumour evolution.</a> Nature. 587 (7832), 126-132 (2020).</li><li>Odell, E. W. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Aneuploidy+and+loss+of+heterozygosity+as+risk+markers+for+malignant+transformation+in+oral+mucosa.">Aneuploidy and loss of heterozygosity as risk markers for malignant transformation in oral mucosa.</a> Oral Diseases. 27 (8), 1993-2007 (2021).</li><li>Wood, H. M., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+genomic+road+to+invasion-examining+the+similarities+and+differences+in+the+genomes+of+associated+oral+pre-cancer+and+cancer+samples.">The genomic road to invasion-examining the similarities and differences in the genomes of associated oral pre-cancer and cancer samples.</a> Genome Medicine. 9 (1), 53 (2017).</li><li>Venugopal, D. C., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Integrated+proteomics+based+on+2D+gel+electrophoresis+and+mass+spectrometry+with+validations:+Identification+of+a+biomarker+compendium+for+oral+submucous+fibrosis-An+indian+study.">Integrated proteomics based on 2D gel electrophoresis and mass spectrometry with validations: Identification of a biomarker compendium for oral submucous fibrosis-An indian study.</a> Journal of Personalized Medicine. 12 (2), 208 (2022).</li><li>Kundu, P., Pant, I., Jain, R., Rao, S. G., Kondaiah, P. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Genome-wide+DNA+methylation+changes+in+oral+submucous+fibrosis.">Genome-wide DNA methylation changes in oral submucous fibrosis.</a> Oral Diseases. 28 (4), 1094-1103 (2022).</li><li>Cai, X., Zhang, H., Li, T. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Multi-target+pharmacological+mechanisms+of+Salvia+miltiorrhiza+against+oral+submucous+fibrosis:+A+network+pharmacology+approach.">Multi-target pharmacological mechanisms of Salvia miltiorrhiza against oral submucous fibrosis: A network pharmacology approach.</a> Archives of Oral Biology. 126, 105131 (2021).</li><li>Xiao, X., Hu, Y., Li, C., Shi, L., Liu, W. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=DNA+content+abnormality+in+oral+submucous+fibrosis+concomitant+leukoplakia:+A+preliminary+evaluation+of+the+diagnostic+and+clinical+implications.">DNA content abnormality in oral submucous fibrosis concomitant leukoplakia: A preliminary evaluation of the diagnostic and clinical implications.</a> Diagnostic Cytopathology. 48 (11), 1111-1114 (2020).</li><li>Zhou, S., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Long+non-coding+RNA+expression+profile+associated+with+malignant+progression+of+oral+submucous+fibrosis.">Long non-coding RNA expression profile associated with malignant progression of oral submucous fibrosis.</a> Journal of Oncology. 2019, 6835176 (2019).</li><li>Lunde, M. L., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Profiling+of+chromosomal+changes+in+potentially+malignant+and+malignant+oral+mucosal+lesions+from+South+and+Southeast+Asia+using+array-comparative+genomic+hybridization.">Profiling of chromosomal changes in potentially malignant and malignant oral mucosal lesions from South and Southeast Asia using array-comparative genomic hybridization.</a> Cancer Genomics &amp; Proteomics. 11 (3), 127-140 (2014).</li><li>Sun, C., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Spatially+resolved+metabolomics+to+discover+tumor-associated+metabolic+alterations.">Spatially resolved metabolomics to discover tumor-associated metabolic alterations.</a> Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 116 (1), 52-57 (2019).</li><li>Ma, M., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Copy+number+alteration+profiling+facilitates+differential+diagnosis+between+ossifying+fibroma+and+fibrous+dysplasia+of+the+jaws.">Copy number alteration profiling facilitates differential diagnosis between ossifying fibroma and fibrous dysplasia of the jaws.</a> International Journal of Oral Science. 13 (1), 21 (2021).</li></ol>

Questo protocollo ha riportato una pipeline per catturare campioni di tessuto OSF con informazioni morfologiche e spaziali per ulteriori analisi spazio-omiche attraverso la microdissezione laser. Dai risultati rappresentativi, abbiamo identificato diversi modelli CNA tra vari campioni correlati alla morfologia.
L'OSF, un tipo di OPMD, è una condizione precancerosa comune del carcinoma orale a cellule squamose6. È stato riportato che l'instabilità genomica è associat...

La fibrosi sottomucosa orale (OSF) è una malattia cronica e insidiosa che si sviluppa principalmente nella mucosa vestibolare e provoca una limitazione dell'apertura della bocca1. Mentre l'OSF è una malattia multifattoriale, la masticazione della noce di areca o della noce di betel è la causa principale dell'OSF 2,3. A causa di questa abitudine geograficamente specifica, l'OSF è prevalentemente concentrata nelle popolazioni del sud-est e del sud dell'Asia3. Le caratteristiche istologiche comuni dell'OSF includono la deposizione anomala di collagene nel tessuto connettivo sotto l'epitelio della mucosa orale, la stenosi vascolare e l'occlusione1. Il tessuto epiteliale OSF può presentarsi con manifestazioni di atrofia o iperplasia e persino displasia se concomitante con leucoplachia orale 4,5.
L'OSF è definita dall'Organizzazione Mondiale della Sanità come una comune malattia orale potenzialmente maligna (OPMD) che presenta il potenziale per progredire verso il carcinoma orale a cellule squamose con un tasso di trasformazione maligna del 4%-6%6,7,8,9. Il meccanismo alla base della trasformazione maligna di OSF è complesso10. La crescita anormale dell'epitelio, inclusa la displasia e l'atrofia, aumenta il potenziale di cancerogenesi e i fibroblasti senescenti nello stroma possono essere coinvolti nella progressione maligna dell'OSF inducendo la transizione epiteliale-mesenchimale (EMT) attraverso le specie reattive dell'ossigeno (ROS) e altre molecole10.
Le tecnologie per le analisi spazio-omiche hanno generato dati multi-omici con informazioni morfologiche e spaziali che hanno fornito approfondimenti sui meccanismi del cancro11,12,13. Qui, presentiamo un protocollo per catturare popolazioni cellulari correlate alla morfologia da tessuti OSF inclusi in paraffina fissati in formalina mediante microdissezione laser. Le analisi multi-omiche di questi campioni possono superare le sfide dell'eterogeneità intratissutale e aumentare la comprensione della patologia molecolare e dei meccanismi di trasformazione maligna in OSF14.

<table border="1" fo:keep-together.within-page="1" fo:keep-with-next.within-page="always">
	<tbody>
		<tr>
			<td>Adhesion microscope slides</td>
			<td>CITOTEST</td>
			<td>REF.188105</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Div-haematoxylin</td>
			<td>YiLi</td>
			<td>20230326</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Eosin solution</td>
			<td>BASO</td>
			<td>BA4098</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Ethanol</td>
			<td>PEKING REAGENT</td>
			<td>No.32061</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Harris hematoxylin dye solution</td>
			<td>YiLi</td>
			<td>20230326</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Hot plate</td>
			<td>LEICA</td>
			<td>HI1220</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Laser capture microdissection system</td>
			<td>LEICA</td>
			<td>LMD7</td>
			<td>Machine</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Laser microdissection microsystem</td>
			<td>LEICA</td>
			<td>8.2.3.7603</td>
			<td>Software</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Micromount mounting medium</td>
			<td>LEICA</td>
			<td>REF.3801731</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Microscope cover glass</td>
			<td>CITOTEST</td>
			<td>REF.10212450C</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Microtome</td>
			<td>LEICA</td>
			<td>RM2235</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>PCR tubes</td>
			<td>AXYGEN</td>
			<td>16421959</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>PEN-membrane slides</td>
			<td>LEICA</td>
			<td>No.11505158</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Re-blue solution</td>
			<td>YiLi</td>
			<td>20230326</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Ultrapure distilled water</td>
			<td>Invitrogen</td>
			<td>REF.10977-015</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Xylene</td>
			<td>PEKING REAGENT</td>
			<td>No.33535</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

isolation of cells with morphological and spatial information from oral submucous fibrosis samples by laser capture microdissection

La fibrosi sottomucosa orale (OSF) è un tipo comune di disturbo potenzialmente maligno nella cavità orale. L'atrofia dell'epitelio e la fibrosi della lamina propria e della sottomucosa si riscontrano spesso sui vetrini istopatologici. È stato proposto che la displasia epiteliale, l'atrofia epiteliale e i fibroblasti senescenti siano associati alla trasformazione maligna della OSF. Tuttavia, a causa dell'eterogeneità delle malattie orali potenzialmente maligne e del carcinoma orale a cellule squamose, è difficile identificare i meccanismi molecolari specifici della trasformazione maligna nella OSF. Qui, presentiamo un metodo per ottenere un piccolo numero di cellule epiteliali o mesenchimali che trasportano dati morfologici e informazioni spaziali mediante microdissezione a cattura laser su vetrini di tessuto fissati in formalina e inclusi in paraffina. Utilizzando un microscopio, possiamo catturare con precisione il tessuto epiteliale displastico o atrofico su microscala (~500 cellule) e il tessuto subepiteliale fibrotico. Le cellule estratte possono essere valutate mediante sequenziamento del genoma o del trascrittoma per acquisire dati genomici e trascrittomici con informazioni morfologiche e spaziali. Questo approccio rimuove l'eterogeneità del sequenziamento di tessuti OSF e l'interferenza causata dalle cellule in aree non lesionate, consentendo un'analisi spazio-omica precisa del tessuto OSF.

Oral submucous fibrosis (OSF) is a chronic, insidious disease that develops mainly in the buccal mucosa and results in restricted mouth opening1. While OSF is a multifactorial disease, areca nut or betel nut chewing is the main cause of OSF2,3. Because of this geographically specific habit, OSF is predominantly concentrated in populations in Southeast and South Asia3. The common histological features of OSF include abnormal collagen deposition in the connective tissue beneath the oral mucosal epithelium, vascular stenosis, and occlusion1. OSF epithelial tissue can present with manifestations of atrophy or hyperplasia and even dysplasia when concomitant with oral leukoplakia4,5.
OSF is defined by the World Health Organization as a common oral potentially malignant disorder (OPMD) that exhibits the potential to progress to oral squamous cell carcinoma with a malignant transformation rate of 4%-6%6,7,8,9. The mechanism underlying the malignant transformation of OSF is complex10. Abnormal growth of the epithelium, including both dysplasia and atrophy, increases the potential for carcinogenesis, and senescent fibroblasts in the stroma may be involved in the malignant progression of OSF by inducing epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) through reactive oxygen species (ROS) and other molecules10.
Technologies for spatial-omic analyses generated multi-omic data with morphological and spatial information that have provided insights into cancer mechanisms11,12,13. Here, we present a protocol to capture morphology-related cell populations from formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded OSF tissue by laser microdissection. Multi-omic analyses of these samples can overcome challenges with intratissue heterogeneity and increase understanding of the molecular pathology and mechanisms of malignant transformation in OSF14.

Autore in primo piano: Svelare i misteri delle neoplasie maligne orali 

Isolamento di cellule con informazioni morfologiche e spaziali da campioni di fibrosi sottomucosa orale mediante microdissezione a cattura laser

Our main research interests are the mechanisms of malignant transformation under the development of predictive models of oral, potentially malignant disorders such as oral leukoplakia and oral submucous fibrosis. Genomic transcriptomic, proteomic, and other multi-omic sequencing analysis under deep learning artificial intelligence models are used to study the progression from oral, potentially malignant disorders to oral cancer. Current sequencing and multi-omics analysis are mostly based on frozen samples, but oral, potentially malignant disorders are mostly formally fixed paraffin embedded tissue, often by biopsy, and they the need to develop experimental techniques based on paraffin samples.Paraffin tissue samples from oral, potentially malignant disorders, and the squamous cell carcinoma are available in large numbers and from a variety of sources, making them a very valuable resource for study. All protocol can help fully use these resources to better understand the mechanisms of disease development and malignant transformation.

Eseguendo la microdissezione laser dei tessuti OSF, abbiamo catturato campioni di epitelio displastico, stroma sotto l'epitelio displastico, epitelio atrofico e stroma sotto il tessuto epiteliale atrofico (Figura 1). Attraverso l'estrazione del DNA e il sequenziamento dell'intero genoma a bassa profondità, siamo stati in grado di analizzare le alterazioni del numero di copie (CNA) correlate alla morfologia15. La CNA è una forma comune di instabilità genomica associ...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Unlocking the Mysteries of Oral Potential Malignancies at JoVE.com

La microdissezione a cattura laser dei tessuti di fibrosi sottomucosa orale consente l'estrazione precisa di cellule dalle regioni istologiche di interesse per l'analisi di dati multi-omici con informazioni morfologiche e spaziali.

Oral submucous fibrosis (OSF) is a common type of potentially malignant disorder in the oral cavity. The atrophy of epithelium and fibrosis of the lamina ...

I nostri principali interessi di ricerca sono i meccanismi di trasformazione maligna nell'ambito dello sviluppo di modelli predittivi di disturbi orali, potenzialmente maligni come la leucoplachia orale e la fibrosi sottomucosa orale. L'analisi genomica trascrittomica, proteomica e altre analisi di sequenziamento multi-omico nell'ambito di modelli di intelligenza artificiale di deep learning vengono utilizzate per studiare la progressione da disturbi orali, potenzialmente maligni, al cancro orale. L'attuale sequenziamento e l'analisi multi-omica si basano principalmente su campioni congelati, ma i disturbi orali, potenzialmente maligni, sono per lo più formalmente fissati in tessuto incluso in paraffina, spesso mediante biopsia, e richiedono lo sviluppo di tecniche sperimentali basate su campioni di paraffina.I campioni di tessuto di paraffina provenienti da disturbi orali, potenzialmente maligni e dal carcinoma a cellule squamose sono disponibili in gran numero e da una varietà di fonti, il che li rende una risorsa molto preziosa per lo studio. Tutti i protocolli possono aiutare a utilizzare appieno queste risorse per comprendere meglio i meccanismi di sviluppo della malattia e di trasformazione maligna.

isolation-cells-with-morphological-spatial-information-from-oral

Research

JoVE Journal

Medicine

Isolation of Cells with Morphological and Spatial Information from Oral Submucous Fibrosis Samples by Laser Capture Microdissection

Oral submucous fibrosis (OSF) is a common type of potentially malignant disorder in the oral cavity. The atrophy of epithelium and fibrosis of the lamina propria and the submucosa are often found on histopathological slides. Epithelial dysplasia, epithelial atrophy, and senescent fibroblasts have been proposed to be associated with the malignant transformation of OSF. However, because of the heterogeneity of potentially malignant oral disorders and oral squamous cell carcinoma, it is difficult to identify the specific molecular mechanisms of malignant transformation in OSF. Here, we present a method to obtain a small number of epithelial or mesenchymal cells carrying morphological data and spatial information by laser capture microdissection on formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue slides. Using a microscope, we can precisely capture microscale (~500 cells) dysplastic or atrophic epithelial tissue and fibrotic subepithelial tissue. The extracted cells can be evaluated by genome or transcriptome sequencing to acquire genomic and transcriptomic data with morphological and spatial information. This approach removes the heterogeneity of bulk OSF tissue sequencing and the interference caused by cells in non-lesioned areas, allowing for precise spatial-omics analysis of OSF tissue.

Laser capture microdissection of oral submucous fibrosis tissues allows for precise extraction of cells from histological regions of interest for the analysis of multi-omics data with morphological and spatial information.

Ricerca

Medicina

Oral Submucous Fibrosis Tissue Sample Preparation for Hematoxylin-Eosin Staining

To begin, using a microtome, cut the formalin fixed paraffin embedded oral submucous fibrosis tissues into continuous sections of three in 10 micrometers thickness, then unfold the sections in water. Place three micron sections on the adhesion microscope slide or slide A, and 10 microns on pen membrane slide or slide B.Place both slides on a hot plate at 60 degrees Celsius. After two hours, place slides A and B in xylene for 10 minutes, then hydrate the slides in graded ethanol concentrations for one minute in each concentration.Next, place the slides in ultrapure distilled water for 30 seconds. Soak slides in Harris hematoxylin dye solution for 90 seconds. Again wash the slides thrice in ultrapure distilled water for 30 seconds each.After that, submerge the slides in div-hematoxylin solution for two seconds. Return slides into ultrapure distilled water for 30 seconds, repeating three times. Next, immerse slides A and B in 1%re-blue solution for two seconds.After washing the slides with distilled water, place them in an eosin solution for two seconds. Again immerse slides in ultrapure distilled water for 30 seconds before dehydrating and increasing ethanol concentrations, then immerse slide A in xylene for three minutes. Finally, apply a drop of the mounting medium to slide A, and cover it with a glass cover.

Preparazione del campione di tessuto di fibrosi sottomucosa orale per la colorazione ematossilina-eosina

Laser Capture Microdissection of Oral Submucous Fibrosis Tissues for Morphology and Spatial Information Analysis

To begin, turn on the Laser Microdissection system and software. Place slide A containing stained three-micron sections of oral submucous fibrosis tissues on the slide stage. Observe the histological morphology to identify the area of interest for laser microdissection.Remove slide A and place slide B with the tissue side facing down on the slide stage. Next, click the Unload button to push out the collection device. Insert a PCR tube into the collection device and ensure the tube is fixed.Then click the Okay button. Select a cap by clicking the corresponding red circle, marking the collector device to tube caps, and wait until the selected circle turns green. Then click the Draw button and Draw plus Cut button and use the mouse to sketch the area of interest.Click on Start Cut to capture the area of interest, which will be collected by the cap. Then press the lower button to ensure the captured sample is collected. Click the specimen button to capture the next sample.Finally, click Unload to unload the PCR tube with the captured sample. In this study, using laser microdissection of oral submucous fibrosis, tissues of epithelium and stroma with different patterns are captured. Copy number alternations were present in epithelial samples but not in stroma samples.The copy number alternations pattern in the dysplastic epithelium was observed in chromosomes three and eight, while copy number alternations were detected at a lower frequency in chromosome eight in the atrophic epithelium.