Name: Författare i fokus: Låsa upp mysterierna med orala potentiella maligniteter
Uploaded: 2023-08-11T15:00:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Unlocking the Mysteries of Oral Potential Malignancies at JoVE.com

Detta arbete stöddes av forskningsanslag från National Nature Science Foundation of China (81671006, 81300894), CAMS Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences (2019-I2M-5-038), National clinical key discipline construction project (PKUSSNKP-202102), Innovation Fund for Outstanding Doctoral Candidates of Peking University Health Science Center (BMU2022BSS001).

Denna studie godkändes av den institutionella granskningsnämnden vid Peking University School and Hospital. Informerat samtycke inhämtades från patienterna. Vävnadsproverna som användes i denna studie avidentifierades. Studieschemat visas i figur 1.
1. Beredning av prover
<ol><li>Skär formalinfixerade paraffininbäddade orala submukösa fibrosvävnader i kontinuerliga sektioner med en tjocklek på 3 μm och 10 μm på en mikrotom.</li>
	<...

Fånga orala submukösa fibrosvävnadsprover för Spatial-Omics-analys

<ol>
	<li>Cai, X., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Oral+submucous+fibrosis:+A+clinicopathological+study+of+674+cases+in+China.">Oral submucous fibrosis: A clinicopathological study of 674 cases in China.</a> Journal of Oral Pathology &amp; Medicine. 48 (4), 321-325 (2019).</li><li>Cai, X., Huang, J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Clinicopathological+factors+associated+with+progression+of+oral+submucous+fibrosis:+A+population-based+retrospective+study.">Clinicopathological factors associated with progression of oral submucous fibrosis: A population-based retrospective study.</a> Oral Oncology. 130, 105949 (2022).</li><li>Ray, J. G., Chatterjee, R., Chaudhuri, K. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Oral+submucous+fibrosis:+A+global+challenge.+Rising+incidence,+risk+factors,+management,+and+research+priorities.">Oral submucous fibrosis: A global challenge. Rising incidence, risk factors, management, and research priorities.</a> Periodontology 2000. 80 (1), 200-212 (2019).</li><li>Shih, Y. H., Wang, T. H., Shieh, T. M., Tseng, Y. H. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Oral+submucous+fibrosis:+A+Review+on+etiopathogenesis,+diagnosis,+and+therapy.">Oral submucous fibrosis: A Review on etiopathogenesis, diagnosis, and therapy.</a> International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 20 (12), 2940 (2019).</li><li>Cai, X., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+preliminary+exploration+of+immune+microenvironment+in+oral+leukoplakia+concomitant+with+oral+submucosal+fibrosis:+A+comparative+immunohistochemical+study.">The preliminary exploration of immune microenvironment in oral leukoplakia concomitant with oral submucosal fibrosis: A comparative immunohistochemical study.</a> Journal of Oral Pathology &amp; Medicine. , (2023).</li><li>Warnakulasuriya, S., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Oral+potentially+malignant+disorders:+A+consensus+report+from+an+international+seminar+on+nomenclature+and+classification,+convened+by+the+WHO+Collaborating+Centre+for+Oral+Cancer.">Oral potentially malignant disorders: A consensus report from an international seminar on nomenclature and classification, convened by the WHO Collaborating Centre for Oral Cancer.</a> Oral Diseases. 27 (8), 1862-1880 (2021).</li><li>Cai, X., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Development+and+validation+of+a+nomogram+prediction+model+for+malignant+transformation+of+oral+potentially+malignant+disorders.">Development and validation of a nomogram prediction model for malignant transformation of oral potentially malignant disorders.</a> Oral Oncology. 123, 105619 (2021).</li><li>Murthy, V., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Malignant+transformation+rate+of+oral+submucous+fibrosis:+A+systematic+review+and+meta-analysis.">Malignant transformation rate of oral submucous fibrosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis.</a> Journal of Clinical Medicine. 11 (7), 1793 (2022).</li><li>Kujan, O., Mello, F. W., Warnakulasuriya, S. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Malignant+transformation+of+oral+submucous+fibrosis:+A+systematic+review+and+meta-analysis.">Malignant transformation of oral submucous fibrosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis.</a> Oral Diseases. 27 (8), 1936-1946 (2020).</li><li>Qin, X., Ning, Y., Zhou, L., Zhu, Y. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Oral+submucous+fibrosis:+Etiological+mechanism,+malignant+transformation,+therapeutic+approaches+and+targets.">Oral submucous fibrosis: Etiological mechanism, malignant transformation, therapeutic approaches and targets.</a> International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 24 (5), 4992 (2023).</li><li>Sun, L., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Single-cell+and+spatial+dissection+of+precancerous+lesions+underlying+the+initiation+process+of+oral+squamous+cell+carcinoma.">Single-cell and spatial dissection of precancerous lesions underlying the initiation process of oral squamous cell carcinoma.</a> Cell Discovery. 9 (1), 28 (2023).</li><li>Zhu, J., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Delineating+the+dynamic+evolution+from+preneoplasia+to+invasive+lung+adenocarcinoma+by+integrating+single-cell+RNA+sequencing+and+spatial+transcriptomics.">Delineating the dynamic evolution from preneoplasia to invasive lung adenocarcinoma by integrating single-cell RNA sequencing and spatial transcriptomics.</a> Experimental &amp; Molecular Medicine. 54 (11), 2060-2076 (2022).</li><li>Ji, A. L., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Multimodal+analysis+of+composition+and+spatial+architecture+in+human+squamous+cell+carcinoma.">Multimodal analysis of composition and spatial architecture in human squamous cell carcinoma.</a> Cell. 182 (2), 497-514 (2020).</li><li>Van den Bossche, V., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Microenvironment-driven+intratumoral+heterogeneity+in+head+and+neck+cancers:+clinical+challenges+and+opportunities+for+precision+medicine.">Microenvironment-driven intratumoral heterogeneity in head and neck cancers: clinical challenges and opportunities for precision medicine.</a> Drug Resistance Updates. 60, 100806 (2022).</li><li>Li, X., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Improvement+in+the+risk+assessment+of+oral+leukoplakia+through+morphology-related+copy+number+analysis.">Improvement in the risk assessment of oral leukoplakia through morphology-related copy number analysis.</a> Science China. Life sciences. 64 (9), 1379-1391 (2021).</li><li>Watkins, T. B. K., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Pervasive+chromosomal+instability+and+karyotype+order+in+tumour+evolution.">Pervasive chromosomal instability and karyotype order in tumour evolution.</a> Nature. 587 (7832), 126-132 (2020).</li><li>Odell, E. W. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Aneuploidy+and+loss+of+heterozygosity+as+risk+markers+for+malignant+transformation+in+oral+mucosa.">Aneuploidy and loss of heterozygosity as risk markers for malignant transformation in oral mucosa.</a> Oral Diseases. 27 (8), 1993-2007 (2021).</li><li>Wood, H. M., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+genomic+road+to+invasion-examining+the+similarities+and+differences+in+the+genomes+of+associated+oral+pre-cancer+and+cancer+samples.">The genomic road to invasion-examining the similarities and differences in the genomes of associated oral pre-cancer and cancer samples.</a> Genome Medicine. 9 (1), 53 (2017).</li><li>Venugopal, D. C., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Integrated+proteomics+based+on+2D+gel+electrophoresis+and+mass+spectrometry+with+validations:+Identification+of+a+biomarker+compendium+for+oral+submucous+fibrosis-An+indian+study.">Integrated proteomics based on 2D gel electrophoresis and mass spectrometry with validations: Identification of a biomarker compendium for oral submucous fibrosis-An indian study.</a> Journal of Personalized Medicine. 12 (2), 208 (2022).</li><li>Kundu, P., Pant, I., Jain, R., Rao, S. G., Kondaiah, P. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Genome-wide+DNA+methylation+changes+in+oral+submucous+fibrosis.">Genome-wide DNA methylation changes in oral submucous fibrosis.</a> Oral Diseases. 28 (4), 1094-1103 (2022).</li><li>Cai, X., Zhang, H., Li, T. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Multi-target+pharmacological+mechanisms+of+Salvia+miltiorrhiza+against+oral+submucous+fibrosis:+A+network+pharmacology+approach.">Multi-target pharmacological mechanisms of Salvia miltiorrhiza against oral submucous fibrosis: A network pharmacology approach.</a> Archives of Oral Biology. 126, 105131 (2021).</li><li>Xiao, X., Hu, Y., Li, C., Shi, L., Liu, W. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=DNA+content+abnormality+in+oral+submucous+fibrosis+concomitant+leukoplakia:+A+preliminary+evaluation+of+the+diagnostic+and+clinical+implications.">DNA content abnormality in oral submucous fibrosis concomitant leukoplakia: A preliminary evaluation of the diagnostic and clinical implications.</a> Diagnostic Cytopathology. 48 (11), 1111-1114 (2020).</li><li>Zhou, S., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Long+non-coding+RNA+expression+profile+associated+with+malignant+progression+of+oral+submucous+fibrosis.">Long non-coding RNA expression profile associated with malignant progression of oral submucous fibrosis.</a> Journal of Oncology. 2019, 6835176 (2019).</li><li>Lunde, M. L., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Profiling+of+chromosomal+changes+in+potentially+malignant+and+malignant+oral+mucosal+lesions+from+South+and+Southeast+Asia+using+array-comparative+genomic+hybridization.">Profiling of chromosomal changes in potentially malignant and malignant oral mucosal lesions from South and Southeast Asia using array-comparative genomic hybridization.</a> Cancer Genomics &amp; Proteomics. 11 (3), 127-140 (2014).</li><li>Sun, C., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Spatially+resolved+metabolomics+to+discover+tumor-associated+metabolic+alterations.">Spatially resolved metabolomics to discover tumor-associated metabolic alterations.</a> Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 116 (1), 52-57 (2019).</li><li>Ma, M., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Copy+number+alteration+profiling+facilitates+differential+diagnosis+between+ossifying+fibroma+and+fibrous+dysplasia+of+the+jaws.">Copy number alteration profiling facilitates differential diagnosis between ossifying fibroma and fibrous dysplasia of the jaws.</a> International Journal of Oral Science. 13 (1), 21 (2021).</li></ol>

Detta protokoll rapporterade en pipeline för att fånga OSF-vävnadsprover med morfologisk och rumslig information för ytterligare rumsliga analyser genom lasermikrodissektion. Från de representativa resultaten identifierade vi olika CNA-mönster bland olika morfologirelaterade prover.
OSF, en typ av OPMD, är ett vanligt precanceröst tillstånd av oral skivepitelcancer6. Genomisk instabilitet har rapporterats vara associerad med utveckling och malign transformation...

Oral submukös fibros (OSF) är en kronisk, lömsk sjukdom som utvecklas främst i munslemhinnan och resulterar i begränsad munöppning1. Medan OSF är en multifaktoriell sjukdom, är tuggning av arekanötter eller betelnötter den främsta orsaken till OSF 2,3. På grund av denna geografiskt specifika vana är OSF främst koncentrerad till populationer iSydost- och Sydasien3. De vanliga histologiska kännetecknen för OSF inkluderar onormal kollagenavlagring i bindväven under munslemhinneepitelet, vaskulär stenos och ocklusion1. OSF-epitelvävnad kan uppvisa manifestationer av atrofi eller hyperplasi och till och med dysplasi vid samtidig behandling med oral leukoplaki 4,5.
OSF definieras av Världshälsoorganisationen som en vanlig oral potentiellt malign sjukdom (OPMD) som uppvisar potential att utvecklas till oral skivepitelcancer med en malign transformationshastighet på 4%-6%6%6,7,8,9. Mekanismen bakom den maligna omvandlingen av OSF är komplex10. Onormal tillväxt av epitelet, inklusive både dysplasi och atrofi, ökar risken för karcinogenes, och senescenta fibroblaster i stromat kan vara involverade i den maligna progressionen av OSF genom att inducera epitelial-mesenkymal övergång (EMT) genom reaktiva syrearter (ROS) och andra molekyler10.
Tekniker för rumsliga analyser genererade multi-omiska data med morfologisk och rumslig information som har gett insikter i cancermekanismer11,12,13. Här presenterar vi ett protokoll för att fånga morfologirelaterade cellpopulationer från formalinfixerad paraffininbäddad OSF-vävnad genom lasermikrodissektion. Multi-omiska analyser av dessa prover kan övervinna utmaningar med intravävnadsheterogenitet och öka förståelsen för den molekylära patologin och mekanismerna för malign transformation i OSF14.

<table border="1" fo:keep-together.within-page="1" fo:keep-with-next.within-page="always">
	<tbody>
		<tr>
			<td>Adhesion microscope slides</td>
			<td>CITOTEST</td>
			<td>REF.188105</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Div-haematoxylin</td>
			<td>YiLi</td>
			<td>20230326</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Eosin solution</td>
			<td>BASO</td>
			<td>BA4098</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Ethanol</td>
			<td>PEKING REAGENT</td>
			<td>No.32061</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Harris hematoxylin dye solution</td>
			<td>YiLi</td>
			<td>20230326</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Hot plate</td>
			<td>LEICA</td>
			<td>HI1220</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Laser capture microdissection system</td>
			<td>LEICA</td>
			<td>LMD7</td>
			<td>Machine</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Laser microdissection microsystem</td>
			<td>LEICA</td>
			<td>8.2.3.7603</td>
			<td>Software</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Micromount mounting medium</td>
			<td>LEICA</td>
			<td>REF.3801731</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Microscope cover glass</td>
			<td>CITOTEST</td>
			<td>REF.10212450C</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Microtome</td>
			<td>LEICA</td>
			<td>RM2235</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>PCR tubes</td>
			<td>AXYGEN</td>
			<td>16421959</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>PEN-membrane slides</td>
			<td>LEICA</td>
			<td>No.11505158</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Re-blue solution</td>
			<td>YiLi</td>
			<td>20230326</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Ultrapure distilled water</td>
			<td>Invitrogen</td>
			<td>REF.10977-015</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Xylene</td>
			<td>PEKING REAGENT</td>
			<td>No.33535</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

isolation of cells with morphological and spatial information from oral submucous fibrosis samples by laser capture microdissection

Oral submukös fibros (OSF) är en vanlig typ av potentiellt malign sjukdom i munhålan. Atrofi av epitel och fibros av lamina propria och submucosa finns ofta på histopatologiska objektglas. Epitelial dysplasi, epitelial atrofi och senescenta fibroblaster har föreslagits vara associerade med den maligna omvandlingen av OSF. På grund av heterogeniteten hos potentiellt maligna orala sjukdomar och orala skivepitelcancer är det dock svårt att identifiera de specifika molekylära mekanismerna för malign transformation vid OSF. Här presenterar vi en metod för att erhålla ett litet antal epitelceller eller mesenkymala celler som bär morfologiska data och rumslig information genom laserinfångning av mikrodissektion på formalinfixerade paraffininbäddade vävnadsglas. Med hjälp av ett mikroskop kan vi exakt fånga dysplastisk eller atrofisk epitelvävnad i mikroskala (~500 celler) och fibrotisk subepitelvävnad. De extraherade cellerna kan utvärderas genom genom- eller transkriptomsekvensering för att samla in genomiska och transkriptomiska data med morfologisk och rumslig information. Detta tillvägagångssätt tar bort heterogeniteten hos bulksekvensering av OSF-vävnad och den interferens som orsakas av celler i icke-lesionerade områden, vilket möjliggör exakt rumslig omics-analys av OSF-vävnad.

Oral submucous fibrosis (OSF) is a chronic, insidious disease that develops mainly in the buccal mucosa and results in restricted mouth opening1. While OSF is a multifactorial disease, areca nut or betel nut chewing is the main cause of OSF2,3. Because of this geographically specific habit, OSF is predominantly concentrated in populations in Southeast and South Asia3. The common histological features of OSF include abnormal collagen deposition in the connective tissue beneath the oral mucosal epithelium, vascular stenosis, and occlusion1. OSF epithelial tissue can present with manifestations of atrophy or hyperplasia and even dysplasia when concomitant with oral leukoplakia4,5.
OSF is defined by the World Health Organization as a common oral potentially malignant disorder (OPMD) that exhibits the potential to progress to oral squamous cell carcinoma with a malignant transformation rate of 4%-6%6,7,8,9. The mechanism underlying the malignant transformation of OSF is complex10. Abnormal growth of the epithelium, including both dysplasia and atrophy, increases the potential for carcinogenesis, and senescent fibroblasts in the stroma may be involved in the malignant progression of OSF by inducing epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) through reactive oxygen species (ROS) and other molecules10.
Technologies for spatial-omic analyses generated multi-omic data with morphological and spatial information that have provided insights into cancer mechanisms11,12,13. Here, we present a protocol to capture morphology-related cell populations from formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded OSF tissue by laser microdissection. Multi-omic analyses of these samples can overcome challenges with intratissue heterogeneity and increase understanding of the molecular pathology and mechanisms of malignant transformation in OSF14.

Författare i fokus: Låsa upp mysterierna med orala potentiella maligniteter 

Isolering av celler med morfologisk och rumslig information från orala submukösa fibrosprover genom laserfångstmikrodissektion

Our main research interests are the mechanisms of malignant transformation under the development of predictive models of oral, potentially malignant disorders such as oral leukoplakia and oral submucous fibrosis. Genomic transcriptomic, proteomic, and other multi-omic sequencing analysis under deep learning artificial intelligence models are used to study the progression from oral, potentially malignant disorders to oral cancer. Current sequencing and multi-omics analysis are mostly based on frozen samples, but oral, potentially malignant disorders are mostly formally fixed paraffin embedded tissue, often by biopsy, and they the need to develop experimental techniques based on paraffin samples.Paraffin tissue samples from oral, potentially malignant disorders, and the squamous cell carcinoma are available in large numbers and from a variety of sources, making them a very valuable resource for study. All protocol can help fully use these resources to better understand the mechanisms of disease development and malignant transformation.

Genom att utföra lasermikrodissektion av OSF-vävnader tog vi prover av dysplastiskt epitel, stroma under det dysplastiska epitelet, atrofiskt epitel och stroma under atrofisk epitelvävnad (Figur 1). Genom att extrahera DNA och helgenomsekvensering på ett lågt djup kunde vi analysera morfologirelaterade kopienummerförändringar (CNA)15. CNA är en vanlig form av genomisk instabilitet som är förknippad med en ökad risk för malign transformation vid OPMD<sup cl...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Unlocking the Mysteries of Oral Potential Malignancies at JoVE.com

Laserinfångande mikrodissektion av orala submukösa fibrosvävnader möjliggör exakt extraktion av celler från histologiska regioner av intresse för analys av multi-omics-data med morfologisk och rumslig information.

Oral submucous fibrosis (OSF) is a common type of potentially malignant disorder in the oral cavity. The atrophy of epithelium and fibrosis of the lamina ...

Våra huvudsakliga forskningsintressen är mekanismerna för malign transformation under utveckling av prediktiva modeller för orala, potentiellt maligna sjukdomar som oral leukoplaki och oral submukös fibros. Genomisk transkriptomisk, proteomisk och annan multi-omisk sekvenseringsanalys under djuplärande artificiella intelligensmodeller används för att studera progressionen från orala, potentiellt maligna sjukdomar till oral cancer. Nuvarande sekvensering och multi-omics-analys är mestadels baserad på frysta prover, men orala, potentiellt maligna sjukdomar är mestadels formellt fixerad paraffininbäddad vävnad, ofta genom biopsi, och de behöver utveckla experimentella tekniker baserade på paraffinprover.Paraffinvävnadsprover från orala, potentiellt maligna sjukdomar och skivepitelcancer finns tillgängliga i stort antal och från en mängd olika källor, vilket gör dem till en mycket värdefull resurs för studier. Alla protokoll kan hjälpa till att fullt ut använda dessa resurser för att bättre förstå mekanismerna för sjukdomsutveckling och malign transformation.

isolation-cells-with-morphological-spatial-information-from-oral

Research

JoVE Journal

Medicine

Isolation of Cells with Morphological and Spatial Information from Oral Submucous Fibrosis Samples by Laser Capture Microdissection

Oral submucous fibrosis (OSF) is a common type of potentially malignant disorder in the oral cavity. The atrophy of epithelium and fibrosis of the lamina propria and the submucosa are often found on histopathological slides. Epithelial dysplasia, epithelial atrophy, and senescent fibroblasts have been proposed to be associated with the malignant transformation of OSF. However, because of the heterogeneity of potentially malignant oral disorders and oral squamous cell carcinoma, it is difficult to identify the specific molecular mechanisms of malignant transformation in OSF. Here, we present a method to obtain a small number of epithelial or mesenchymal cells carrying morphological data and spatial information by laser capture microdissection on formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue slides. Using a microscope, we can precisely capture microscale (~500 cells) dysplastic or atrophic epithelial tissue and fibrotic subepithelial tissue. The extracted cells can be evaluated by genome or transcriptome sequencing to acquire genomic and transcriptomic data with morphological and spatial information. This approach removes the heterogeneity of bulk OSF tissue sequencing and the interference caused by cells in non-lesioned areas, allowing for precise spatial-omics analysis of OSF tissue.

Laser capture microdissection of oral submucous fibrosis tissues allows for precise extraction of cells from histological regions of interest for the analysis of multi-omics data with morphological and spatial information.

Oral Submucous Fibrosis Tissue Sample Preparation for Hematoxylin-Eosin Staining

To begin, using a microtome, cut the formalin fixed paraffin embedded oral submucous fibrosis tissues into continuous sections of three in 10 micrometers thickness, then unfold the sections in water. Place three micron sections on the adhesion microscope slide or slide A, and 10 microns on pen membrane slide or slide B.Place both slides on a hot plate at 60 degrees Celsius. After two hours, place slides A and B in xylene for 10 minutes, then hydrate the slides in graded ethanol concentrations for one minute in each concentration.Next, place the slides in ultrapure distilled water for 30 seconds. Soak slides in Harris hematoxylin dye solution for 90 seconds. Again wash the slides thrice in ultrapure distilled water for 30 seconds each.After that, submerge the slides in div-hematoxylin solution for two seconds. Return slides into ultrapure distilled water for 30 seconds, repeating three times. Next, immerse slides A and B in 1%re-blue solution for two seconds.After washing the slides with distilled water, place them in an eosin solution for two seconds. Again immerse slides in ultrapure distilled water for 30 seconds before dehydrating and increasing ethanol concentrations, then immerse slide A in xylene for three minutes. Finally, apply a drop of the mounting medium to slide A, and cover it with a glass cover.

Oral submukös fibros vävnadsprovberedning för hematoxylin-eosinfärgning

Laser Capture Microdissection of Oral Submucous Fibrosis Tissues for Morphology and Spatial Information Analysis

To begin, turn on the Laser Microdissection system and software. Place slide A containing stained three-micron sections of oral submucous fibrosis tissues on the slide stage. Observe the histological morphology to identify the area of interest for laser microdissection.Remove slide A and place slide B with the tissue side facing down on the slide stage. Next, click the Unload button to push out the collection device. Insert a PCR tube into the collection device and ensure the tube is fixed.Then click the Okay button. Select a cap by clicking the corresponding red circle, marking the collector device to tube caps, and wait until the selected circle turns green. Then click the Draw button and Draw plus Cut button and use the mouse to sketch the area of interest.Click on Start Cut to capture the area of interest, which will be collected by the cap. Then press the lower button to ensure the captured sample is collected. Click the specimen button to capture the next sample.Finally, click Unload to unload the PCR tube with the captured sample. In this study, using laser microdissection of oral submucous fibrosis, tissues of epithelium and stroma with different patterns are captured. Copy number alternations were present in epithelial samples but not in stroma samples.The copy number alternations pattern in the dysplastic epithelium was observed in chromosomes three and eight, while copy number alternations were detected at a lower frequency in chromosome eight in the atrophic epithelium.