Name: Forfatter Spotlight: Udvikling af et unikt modulært mikrofysiologisk system til at efterligne humant barrierevæv
Uploaded: 2024-02-16T14:10:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Author Spotlight: Developing a Unique Modular Microphysiological System to Mimic Human Barrier Tissue at JoVE.com

Denne forskning blev delvist finansieret af National Institute of Health under tildelingsnumre R43GM137651, R61HL154249, R16GM146687 og NSF-tilskud CBET 2150798. Forfatterne takker RIT Machine Shop for fremstilling af aluminiumsform. Indholdet er udelukkende forfatternes ansvar og repræsenterer ikke nødvendigvis de officielle synspunkter fra National Institutes of Health.

Dette design kan bruges i forskellige tilstande baseret på eksperimentelle krav og slutbrugerens præferencer. Før hvert eksperiment konsulteres beslutningsflowdiagrammet, der præsenteres i figur 2 , for at bestemme de nødvendige trin og moduler til protokollen. Hvis brugeren f.eks. har til hensigt at bevare open well-formatet under et eksperiment for direkte at sammenligne det med Transwell-systemet, er mønsterstencilen ikke nødvendig til cellesåning. Kernemodulet er kommercielt tilg...

En rekonfigurerbar barrierevævsplatform med åben brønd og mikrofluidiske tilstande

<ol>
	<li>Claesson-Welsh, L., Dejana, E., McDonald, D. M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Permeability+of+the+Endothelial+Barrier:+Identifying+and+Reconciling+Controversies.">Permeability of the Endothelial Barrier: Identifying and Reconciling Controversies.</a> Trends in Molecular Medicine. 27 (4), 314-331 (2021).</li><li>Vera, D., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Engineering+tissue+barrier+models+on+hydrogel+microfluidic+platforms.">Engineering tissue barrier models on hydrogel microfluidic platforms.</a> ACS Applied Materials &amp; Interfaces. 13 (12), 13920-13933 (2021).</li><li>Wang, Y. I., Abaci, H. E., Shuler, M. L. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Microfluidic+blood-brain+barrier+model+provides+in+vivo-like+barrier+properties+for+drug+permeability+screening.">Microfluidic blood-brain barrier model provides in vivo-like barrier properties for drug permeability screening.</a> Biotechnology and Bioengineering. 114 (1), 184-194 (2017).</li><li>Sakolish, C. M., Esch, M. B., Hickman, J. J., Shuler, M. L., Mahler, G. J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Modeling+barrier+tissues+in+vitro:+methods,+achievements,+and+challenges.">Modeling barrier tissues in vitro: methods, achievements, and challenges.</a> eBioMedicine. 5, 30-39 (2016).</li><li>Kaisar, M. A., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=New+experimental+models+of+the+blood-brain+barrier+for+CNS+drug+discovery.">New experimental models of the blood-brain barrier for CNS drug discovery.</a> Expert Opinion on Drug Discovery. 12 (1), 89-103 (2017).</li><li>Tan, K., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=A+high-throughput+microfluidic+microphysiological+system+(PREDICT-96)+to+recapitulate+hepatocyte+function+in+dynamic,+re-circulating+flow+conditions.">A high-throughput microfluidic microphysiological system (PREDICT-96) to recapitulate hepatocyte function in dynamic, re-circulating flow conditions.</a> Lab on a Chip. 19 (9), 1556-1566 (2019).</li><li>Ayuso, J. M., Virumbrales-Mu&#241;oz, M., Lang, J. M., Beebe, D. J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=A+role+for+microfluidic+systems+in+precision+medicine.">A role for microfluidic systems in precision medicine.</a> Nature Communications. 13 (1), 3086 (2022).</li><li>Katt, M. E., Shusta, E. V. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=In+vitro+models+of+the+blood-brain+barrier:+building+in+physiological+complexity.">In vitro models of the blood-brain barrier: building in physiological complexity.</a> Current Opinion in Chemical Engineering. 30, 42-52 (2020).</li><li>Ingber, D. E. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Human+organs-on-chips+for+disease+modelling,+drug+development+and+personalized+medicine.">Human organs-on-chips for disease modelling, drug development and personalized medicine.</a> Nature Reviews Genetics. 23 (8), 467-491 (2022).</li><li>Duncombe, T. A., Tentori, A. M., Herr, A. E. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Microfluidics:+reframing+biological+enquiry.">Microfluidics: reframing biological enquiry.</a> Nature reviews. Molecular cell biology. 16 (9), 554-567 (2015).</li><li>Williams, M. J., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=A+low-cost,+rapidly+integrated+debubbler+(rid)+module+for+microfluidic+cell+culture+applications.">A low-cost, rapidly integrated debubbler (rid) module for microfluidic cell culture applications.</a> Micromachines. 10 (6), 360 (2019).</li><li>Ahmed, A., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Engineering+fiber+anisotropy+within+natural+collagen+hydrogels.">Engineering fiber anisotropy within natural collagen hydrogels.</a> American Journal of Physiology-Cell Physiology. 320 (6), C1112-C1124 (2021).</li><li>Ahmed, A., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Microengineered+3D+collagen+gels+with+independently+tunable+fiber+anisotropy+and+directionality.">Microengineered 3D collagen gels with independently tunable fiber anisotropy and directionality.</a> Advanced Materials Technologies. 6 (4), 2001186 (2021).</li><li>&#321;ach, A., Wnuk, A., W&#243;jtowicz, A. K. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Experimental+models+to+study+the+functions+of+the+blood-brain+barrier.">Experimental models to study the functions of the blood-brain barrier.</a> Bioengineering. 10 (5), 519 (2023).</li><li>McCloskey, M. C., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+Modular+&#181;SiM:+A+mass+produced,+rapidly+assembled,+and+reconfigurable+platform+for+the+study+of+barrier+tissue+models+in+vitro.">The Modular &#181;SiM: A mass produced, rapidly assembled, and reconfigurable platform for the study of barrier tissue models in vitro.</a> Advanced Healthcare Materials. 11 (18), 2200804 (2022).</li><li>Mansouri, M., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+modular+&#181;sim+reconfigured:+integration+of+microfluidic+capabilities+to+study+in+vitro+barrier+tissue+models+under+flow.">The modular &#181;sim reconfigured: integration of microfluidic capabilities to study in vitro barrier tissue models under flow.</a> Advanced Healthcare Materials. 11 (21), 2200802 (2022).</li><li>Hudecz, D., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Modelling+a+human+blood-brain+barrier+co-culture+using+an+ultrathin+silicon+nitride+membrane-based+microfluidic+device.">Modelling a human blood-brain barrier co-culture using an ultrathin silicon nitride membrane-based microfluidic device.</a> International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 24 (6), 5624 (2023).</li><li>Joshi, I. M., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Microengineering+3D+Collagen+Matrices+with+Tumor-Mimetic+Gradients+in+Fiber+Alignment.">Microengineering 3D Collagen Matrices with Tumor-Mimetic Gradients in Fiber Alignment.</a> bioRxiv. , (2023).</li><li>Hsu, M. C., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=A+miniaturized+3D+printed+pressure+regulator+(&#181;PR)+for+microfluidic+cell+culture+applications.">A miniaturized 3D printed pressure regulator (&#181;PR) for microfluidic cell culture applications.</a> Scientific Reports. 12 (1), 10769 (2022).</li><li>Rogers, M. T., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=A+high-throughput+microfluidic+bilayer+co-culture+platform+to+study+endothelial-pericyte+interactions.">A high-throughput microfluidic bilayer co-culture platform to study endothelial-pericyte interactions.</a> Scientific reports. 11 (1), 12225 (2021).</li><li>Wettschureck, N., Strilic, B., Offermanns, S. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Passing+the+vascular+barrier:+endothelial+signaling+processes+controlling+extravasation.">Passing the vascular barrier: endothelial signaling processes controlling extravasation.</a> Physiological Reviews. 99 (3), 1467-1525 (2019).</li><li>Wang, Y. I., Shuler, M. L. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=UniChip+enables+long-term+recirculating+unidirectional+perfusion+with+gravity-driven+flow+for+microphysiological+systems.">UniChip enables long-term recirculating unidirectional perfusion with gravity-driven flow for microphysiological systems.</a> Lab on a Chip. 18 (17), 2563-2574 (2018).</li><li>Nayak, L., Lin, Z., Jain, M. K. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=34;Go+with+the+flow&amp;#34;:+how+Kr&#252;ppel-like+factor+2+regulates+the+vasoprotective+effects+of+shear+stress.">34;Go with the flow&amp;#34;: how Kr&#252;ppel-like factor 2 regulates the vasoprotective effects of shear stress.</a> Antioxidants &amp; Redox Signaling. 15 (5), 1449-1461 (2011).</li><li>Satoh, T., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=A+pneumatic+pressure-driven+multi-throughput+microfluidic+circulation+culture+system.">A pneumatic pressure-driven multi-throughput microfluidic circulation culture system.</a> Lab on a chip. 16 (12), 2339-2348 (2016).</li><li>Abhyankar, V. V., Wu, M., Koh, C. Y., Hatch, A. V. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=A+Reversibly+sealed,+easy+access,+modular+(seam)+microfluidic+architecture+to+establish+in+vitro+tissue+interfaces.">A Reversibly sealed, easy access, modular (seam) microfluidic architecture to establish in vitro tissue interfaces.</a> PLOS ONE. 11 (5), e0156341 (2016).</li><li>Ahmed, A., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Local+extensional+flows+promote+long-range+fiber+alignment+in+3D+collagen+hydrogels.">Local extensional flows promote long-range fiber alignment in 3D collagen hydrogels.</a> Biofabrication. 14 (3), 035019 (2022).</li><li>Hasan, M. R., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=One-step+fabrication+of+flexible+nanotextured+PDMS+as+a+substrate+for+selective+cell+capture.">One-step fabrication of flexible nanotextured PDMS as a substrate for selective cell capture.</a> Biomedical Physics &amp; Engineering Express. 4 (2), 025015 (2018).</li><li>Ahmed, A., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Microengineering+3D+collagen+hydrogels+with+long-range+fiber+alignment.">Microengineering 3D collagen hydrogels with long-range fiber alignment.</a> Journal of Visualized Experiments. 187, e64457 (2022).</li></ol>

Formålet med denne protokol er at udvikle en praktisk metode til at inkorporere flowfunktioner i en åben brøndplatform med en ultratynd nanomembran. I dette design anvendes en magnetisk låsemetode, der gør det muligt at skifte mellem åben brønd og fluidisk tilstand under eksperimenter og kombinere fordelene ved begge tilgange. I modsætning til konventionelle permanent bundne platforme gør magnetisk låsning det muligt at adskille platformen på bekvemme punkter under den eksperimentelle arbejdsgang<sup class="xr...

Vaskulære barrierer tjener som en kritisk grænseflade, der adskiller blodrummet fra det omgivende væv. De spiller en afgørende rolle i bevarelsen af homeostase ved at tiltrække immunceller, kontrollere molekylær permeabilitet og beskytte mod indtrængen af patogener i vævet 1,2. In vitro-kulturmodeller er blevet udviklet til at efterligne in vivo-mikromiljøet, hvilket muliggør systematiske undersøgelser af de faktorer og tilstande, der påvirker barriereegenskaber i både raske og syge tilstande 3,4.
Den mest anvendte tilgang til sådanne kulturmodeller er den Transwell-lignende "open-well" konfiguration5, hvor en porøs, sporætset kulturmembran adskiller mediefyldte rum (figur 1A). I dette format kan celler podes på begge sider af membranen, og der er udviklet en bred vifte af eksperimentelle protokoller. Imidlertid er disse systemer begrænsede i deres evne til at tilvejebringe de væskestrømme, der er afgørende for at understøtte barrieremodning og efterligne immuncellecirkulation set in vivo 5,6. Derfor kan de ikke bruges til undersøgelser, der kræver dynamiske strømme, der introducerer lægemiddeldoser, mekanisk stimulering eller væskeinducerede forskydningsspændinger 6,7,8.
For at overvinde begrænsningerne ved åbne brøndsystemer er der udviklet mikrofluidiske platforme, der kombinerer porøse kulturmembraner med individuelt adresserbare fluidiske kanaler9. Disse platforme tilbyder præcis kontrol over væskerouting, perfusion og introduktion af kemiske forbindelser, kontrolleret forskydningsstimulering og dynamiske celletilsætningsfunktioner 7,10,11,12,13. På trods af de avancerede muligheder, der leveres af mikrofluidiske platforme, har de ikke set udbredt vedtagelse i biovidenskabelige laboratorier på grund af komplekse mikrofluidiske protokoller og deres inkompatibilitet med etablerede eksperimentelle arbejdsgange 4,10,14.
For at bygge bro mellem disse teknologier præsenterer vi en protokol, der anvender et magnetisk rekonfigurerbart, modulbaseret system. Dette system kan let skiftes mellem åben brønd og mikrofluidisk tilstand baseret på eksperimentets specifikke behov. Platformen har en åben brøndenhed, kendt som m-μSiM (modulært mikrofysiologisk system aktiveret af en siliciummembran), med en 100 nm tyk kulturmembran (nanomembran). Denne nanomembran har høj porøsitet (15%) og glaslignende gennemsigtighed, som illustreret i figur 1B. Det adskiller fysisk det øverste rum fra en bundkanal, hvilket muliggør molekylær transport over fysiologiske længdeskalaer15. I modsætning til konventionelle sporætsede membraner, som har kendte udfordringer ved billeddannelse af levende celler med lysfeltbilleddannelse, muliggør nanomembranens gunstige optiske og fysiske egenskaber klar visualisering af celler på begge sider af membranoverfladen 15,16,17.
Denne protokol skitserer fremstillingen af specialiserede sånings- og flowmoduler og forklarer platformens magnetiske omkonfiguration. Det demonstrerer, hvordan platformen kan anvendes til at etablere endotelbarrierer under både statiske og dynamiske forhold. Denne demonstration afslører, at endotelceller justeres langs strømningsretningen med en opregulering af forskydningsfølsomme genmål under forskydningsstimulering.

<table border="1" fo:keep-together.within-page="1" fo:keep-with-next.within-page="always">
	<tbody>
		<tr>
			<td>0.5 x 0.86 Micro Flow tubes</td>
			<td>Langer Instruments</td>
			<td>WX10-14 &#38; DG Series</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>1 mm Disposable Biopsy Punches, Integra Miltex</td>
			<td>VWR</td>
			<td>95039-090</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>1x PBS 7.4 pH</td>
			<td>ThermoFisher Scientific</td>
			<td>10010023</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>20 GAUGE IT SERIES DISPENSING TIP</td>
			<td>Jensen Global</td>
			<td>JG20-1.5X</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>21 GAUGE NT PREMIUM SERIES ANGLED DISPENSING TIP</td>
			<td>Jensen Global</td>
			<td>JG21-1.0HPX-90</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>3M 467 MP Pressure senstitive adhesive (PSA)</td>
			<td>DigiKey</td>
			<td>3M9726-ND</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>3M 468 MP Pressure senstitive adhesive (PSA)</td>
			<td>DigiKey</td>
			<td>3M9720-ND</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>AlexaFluor 488 conjugated phalloidin</td>
			<td>ThermoFisher Scientific</td>
			<td>A12379&#160;</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Applied Biosystems&#160;TaqMan Fast Advanced Master Mix</td>
			<td>Thermo Fisher Scientific</td>
			<td>4444556</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA), Fraction V, 98%, Reagent grade, Alfa Aesar, Size = 10 g</td>
			<td>VWR</td>
			<td>AAJ64100-09</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Clear Scratch- and UV-Resistant Cast Acrylic Sheet</td>
			<td>McMaster-Carr</td>
			<td>8560K171</td>
			<td>12&#34; x 12&#34; x 1/16&#34;</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Clear Scratch- and UV-Resistant Cast Acrylic Sheet</td>
			<td>McMaster-Carr</td>
			<td>8589K31</td>
			<td>12&#34; x 12&#34; x 3/32&#34;</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Clear Scratch- and UV-Resistant Cast Acrylic Sheet</td>
			<td>McMaster-Carr</td>
			<td>8560K191</td>
			<td>12&#34; x 12&#34; x 7.64&#34;</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Corning Fibronectin, Human, 1 mg</td>
			<td>Corning</td>
			<td>47743-728</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Cover Glasses, Globe Scientific, L x W = 24 x 60 mm</td>
			<td>VWR</td>
			<td>10118-677</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>DOW SYLGARD 184 SILICONE ENCAPSULANT CLEAR 0.5 KG KIT</td>
			<td>Ellsworth Adhesives</td>
			<td>4019862</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>EGM-2 Endothelial Cell Growth Medium-2 BulletKit</td>
			<td>Lonza</td>
			<td>CC-3162</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Fixture A1&#38;A2</td>
			<td>SiMPore Inc.</td>
			<td>NA</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Fixture B1&#38;B2</td>
			<td>SiMPore Inc.</td>
			<td>NA</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>High Capacity cDNA Reverse Transcription Kit with RNase Inhibitor</td>
			<td>Thermo Fisher Scientific</td>
			<td>4374966</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC)</td>
			<td>ThermoFisher Scientific</td>
			<td>C0035C</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>LIVE/DEAD Cell Imaging Kit (488/570)</td>
			<td>Thermo Fisher Scientific</td>
			<td>R37601</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Molecular Probes Hoechst 33342, Trihydrochloride, Trihydrate</td>
			<td>Thermo Fisher Scientific</td>
			<td>H3570</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Nickel-plated magnets (4.75 mm diameter, 0.34 kg pull force)</td>
			<td>K&#38;J Magnetics</td>
			<td>D31</td>
			<td>3/16&#34; dia.&#160;x 1/16&#34; thick</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Paraformaldehyde, 4% w/v aq. soln., methanol free, Alfa Aesar</td>
			<td>Fisher Scientific</td>
			<td>aa47392-9M</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Peristaltic Pump</td>
			<td>Langer Instruments</td>
			<td>BQ50-1J-A</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Photoresist SU-8 developer solution</td>
			<td>Fisher Scientific</td>
			<td>NC9901158</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>PVDF syringe filters</td>
			<td>PerkinElmer</td>
			<td>2542913</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Silicon wafer</td>
			<td>University wafer,USA</td>
			<td>1196</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>SU-8 3050</td>
			<td>Fisher Scientific</td>
			<td>NC0702369</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Target gene: eNOS (Hs01574659_m1)</td>
			<td>ThermoFisher Scientific</td>
			<td>4331182</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Target gene: GAPDH (Hs02786624_g1)</td>
			<td>ThermoFisher Scientific</td>
			<td>4331182</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Target gene: KLF2 (Hs00360439_g1)</td>
			<td>ThermoFisher Scientific</td>
			<td>4331182</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Thermo Scientific&#160;Pierce 20x PBS Tween 20</td>
			<td>Thermo Fisher Scientific</td>
			<td>28352</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Transport Tube Sample White caps, 5 mL, Sterile</td>
			<td>VWR</td>
			<td>100500-422</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>TRI-reagent</td>
			<td>ThermoFisher Scientific</td>
			<td>AM9738</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Ultrathin Nanoporous Membrane Chip</td>
			<td>SiMPore Inc.</td>
			<td>NPSN100-1L</td>
			<td>The design is&#160; compatible with all of SiMPore membranes</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>uSiM component 1</td>
			<td>SiMPore Inc.</td>
			<td>NA</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>uSiM component 2</td>
			<td>SiMPore Inc.</td>
			<td>NA</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

transforming static barrier tissue models into dynamic microphysiological systems

Mikrofysiologiske systemer er miniaturiserede cellekulturplatforme, der bruges til at efterligne strukturen og funktionen af humane væv i en laboratorieindstilling. Disse platforme har imidlertid ikke vundet udbredt anvendelse i biovidenskabelige laboratorier, hvor åbne membranbaserede tilgange tjener som guldstandarden til efterligning af vævsbarrierer, på trods af manglende væskestrømningsfunktioner. Dette problem kan primært tilskrives inkompatibiliteten af eksisterende mikrofysiologiske systemer med standardprotokoller og værktøjer udviklet til åbne brøndsystemer.
Her præsenterer vi en protokol til oprettelse af en rekonfigurerbar membranbaseret platform med en åben brøndstruktur, flowforbedringskapacitet og kompatibilitet med konventionelle protokoller. Dette system anvender en magnetisk samlingsmetode, der muliggør reversibel skift mellem åben brønd og mikrofluidisk tilstand. Med denne fremgangsmåde har brugerne fleksibiliteten til at starte et eksperiment i åbent brønd-format ved hjælp af standardprotokoller og tilføje eller fjerne flowfunktioner efter behov. For at demonstrere den praktiske anvendelse af dette system og dets kompatibilitet med standardteknikker blev der etableret et endotelcellemonolag i et åbent brøndformat. Systemet blev omkonfigureret til at indføre væskestrøm og skiftede derefter til åbent brøndformat for at udføre immunfarvning og RNA-ekstraktion. På grund af dets kompatibilitet med konventionelle åbne brøndprotokoller og flowforbedringskapacitet forventes dette rekonfigurerbare design at blive vedtaget af både ingeniør- og biovidenskabslaboratorier.

Vascular barriers serve as a critical interface that separates the blood compartment from the surrounding tissue. They play a critical role in preserving homeostasis by attracting immune cells, controlling molecular permeability, and shielding against the intrusion of pathogens into the tissue1,2. In vitro culture models have been developed to mimic the in vivo microenvironment, enabling systematic investigations into the factors and conditions that impact barrier properties in both healthy and diseased states3,4.
The most widely used approach for such culture models is the Transwell-like &#34;open-well&#34; configuration5, where a porous, track-etched culture membrane separates media-filled compartments (Figure 1A). In this format, cells can be seeded on either side of the membrane, and a wide range of experimental protocols has been developed. However, these systems are limited in their ability to provide the fluid flows essential for supporting barrier maturation and mimicking immune cell circulation seen in vivo5,6. Consequently, they cannot be used for studies requiring dynamic flows that introduce drug doses, mechanical stimulation, or fluid-induced shear stresses6,7,8.
To overcome the limitations of open-well systems, microfluidic platforms that combine porous culture membranes with individually addressable fluidic channels have been developed9. These platforms offer precise control over fluid routing, perfusion, and the introduction of chemical compounds, controlled shear stimulation, and dynamic cell addition capabilities7,10,11,12,13. Despite the advanced capabilities provided by microfluidic platforms, they have not seen widespread adoption in bioscience laboratories due to complex microfluidic protocols and their incompatibility with established experimental workflows4,10,14.
To bridge the gap between these technologies, we present a protocol that employs a magnetically reconfigurable, module-based system. This system can be easily switched between open-well and microfluidic modes based on the specific needs of the experiment. The platform features an open-well device, known as m-&#181;SiM (modular microphysiological system enabled by a silicon membrane), with a 100 nm thick culture membrane (nanomembrane). This nanomembrane possesses high porosity (15%) and glass-like transparency, as illustrated in Figure 1B. It physically separates the top compartment from a bottom channel, allowing for molecular transport across physiological length scales15. Unlike conventional track-etched membranes, which have known challenges in imaging live cells with bright-field imaging, the nanomembrane&#39;s favorable optical and physical properties enable clear visualization of cells on either side of the membrane surface15,16,17.
The present protocol outlines the fabrication of specialized seeding and flow modules and explains the magnetic reconfiguration of the platform. It demonstrates how the platform can be employed to establish endothelial barriers under both static and dynamic conditions. This demonstration reveals that endothelial cells align along the flow direction, with an upregulation of shear-sensitive gene targets under shear stimulation.

Forfatter Spotlight: Udvikling af et unikt modulært mikrofysiologisk system til at efterligne humant barrierevæv

Omdannelse af statiske barrierevævsmodeller til dynamiske mikrofysiologiske systemer

We're developing modular microphysiological systems that mimic human barrier tissues. Our system is unique because it can be reconfigured from a static open well culture to a flow-enhanced system. This flexibility allows the platform to be used in both bioscience and engineering-focused laboratories.We present a protocol for creating a reconfigurable open well platform with flow-enhanced culture and lifestyle imaging. It is compatible with conventional bioscience protocols. Our reconfigurable design allows users to switch between the open well and microfluidic modes during an experiment, and allows the user to conduct each step using a format they are comfortable with.

Kernemodulet med åben brønd er oprindeligt placeret i et specifikt hulrum skabt af et lavere hus og en dæksel, som illustreret i figur 6A. Derefter indsættes flowmodulet, som indeholder en mikrokanal og adgangsporte, i brønden i kernemodulet. Flowmodulet er sikkert forseglet mod membranens siliciumstøttelag på grund af den magnetiske tiltrækningskraft mellem magneter, der er indlejret i de nedre og øvre huse, som vist i figur 6B. For at evaluere effekti...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Author Spotlight: Developing a Unique Modular Microphysiological System to Mimic Human Barrier Tissue at JoVE.com

Denne protokol beskriver en rekonfigurerbar membranbaseret cellekulturplatform, der integrerer open well-formatet med væskestrømningsfunktioner. Denne platform er kompatibel med standardprotokoller og giver mulighed for reversible overgange mellem åbne brønde og mikrofluidiske kulturtilstande, der imødekommer behovene hos både ingeniør- og biovidenskabslaboratorier.

Microphysiological systems are miniaturized cell culture platforms used to mimic the structure and function of human tissues in a laboratory setting. ...

Vi udvikler modulære mikrofysiologiske systemer, der efterligner menneskeligt barrierevæv. Vores system er unikt, fordi det kan omkonfigureres fra en statisk åben brøndkultur til et flowforbedret system. Denne fleksibilitet gør det muligt at bruge platformen i både biovidenskabelige og ingeniørfokuserede laboratorier.Vi præsenterer en protokol til oprettelse af en rekonfigurerbar åben brøndplatform med flowforbedret kultur og livsstilsbilleddannelse. Det er kompatibelt med konventionelle biovidenskabelige protokoller. Vores rekonfigurerbare design giver brugerne mulighed for at skifte mellem den åbne brønd og mikrofluidiske tilstande under et eksperiment og giver brugeren mulighed for at udføre hvert trin ved hjælp af et format, de er fortrolige med.

transforming-static-barrier-tissue-models-into-dynamic

Research

JoVE Journal

Bioengineering

Transforming Static Barrier Tissue Models into Dynamic Microphysiological Systems

Microphysiological systems are miniaturized cell culture platforms used to mimic the structure and function of human tissues in a laboratory setting. However, these platforms have not gained widespread adoption in bioscience laboratories where open-well, membrane-based approaches serve as the gold standard for mimicking tissue barriers, despite lacking fluid flow capabilities. This issue can be primarily attributed to the incompatibility of existing microphysiological systems with standard protocols and tools developed for open-well systems.
Here, we present a protocol for creating a reconfigurable membrane-based platform with an open-well structure, flow enhancement capability, and compatibility with conventional protocols. This system utilizes a magnetic assembly approach that enables reversible switching between open-well and microfluidic modes. With this approach, users have the flexibility to begin an experiment in the open-well format using standard protocols and add or remove flow capabilities as needed. To demonstrate the practical usage of this system and its compatibility with standard techniques, an endothelial cell monolayer was established in an open-well format. The system was reconfigured to introduce fluid flow and then switched to the open-well format to conduct immunostaining and RNA extraction. Due to its compatibility with conventional open-well protocols and flow enhancement capability, this reconfigurable design is expected to be adopted by both engineering and bioscience laboratories.

This protocol describes a reconfigurable membrane-based cell culture platform that integrates the open-well format with fluid flow capabilities. This platform is compatible with standard protocols and allows for reversible transitions between open-well and microfluidic culture modes, accommodating the needs of both engineering and bioscience laboratories.