Name: Autor em destaque: Desenvolvendo um sistema microfisiológico modular exclusivo para imitar o tecido de barreira humana
Uploaded: 2024-02-16T14:10:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Author Spotlight: Developing a Unique Modular Microphysiological System to Mimic Human Barrier Tissue at JoVE.com

Esta pesquisa foi financiada em parte pelo Instituto Nacional de Saúde sob os números de prêmio R43GM137651, R61HL154249, R16GM146687 e concessão da NSF CBET 2150798. Os autores agradecem à Oficina de Máquinas RIT pela fabricação de moldes de alumínio. O conteúdo é de responsabilidade exclusiva dos autores e não representa necessariamente a opinião oficial do National Institutes of Health.

Este projeto pode ser usado em vários modos com base em requisitos experimentais e nas preferências do usuário final. Antes de cada experimento, consulte o fluxograma de decisão apresentado na Figura 2 para determinar as etapas e módulos necessários para o protocolo. Por exemplo, se o usuário pretende manter o formato de poço aberto durante um experimento para compará-lo diretamente com o sistema do tipo Transwell, o estêncil de padronização não é necessário para a semeadura d...

Uma plataforma de tecido de barreira reconfigurável com modos de poço aberto e microfluídico

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O objetivo deste protocolo é desenvolver um método prático para incorporar capacidades de fluxo em uma plataforma de poço aberto com uma nanomembrana ultrafina. Neste projeto, uma abordagem de travamento magnético é utilizada, permitindo alternar entre os modos de poço aberto e fluídico durante os experimentos e combinando as vantagens de ambas as abordagens. Ao contrário das plataformas convencionais com ligação permanente, o travamento magnético permite que a plataforma seja desmontada em pontos conveniente...

As barreiras vasculares servem como uma interface crítica que separa o compartimento sanguíneo do tecido circundante. Desempenham papel fundamental na preservação da homeostase, atraindo células imunes, controlando a permeabilidade molecular e blindando contra a intrusão de patógenos no tecido 1,2. Modelos de cultivo in vitro têm sido desenvolvidos para mimetizar o microambiente in vivo, permitindo investigações sistemáticas sobre os fatores e condições que afetam as propriedades de barreira tanto em estados saudáveis quanto doentes 3,4.
A abordagem mais utilizada para tais modelos de cultura é a configuração Transwell-like "open-well"5, onde uma membrana de cultura porosa e condicionada por trilhos separa compartimentos preenchidos por meios (Figura 1A). Neste formato, as células podem ser semeadas em ambos os lados da membrana, e uma ampla gama de protocolos experimentais foi desenvolvida. No entanto, esses sistemas são limitados em sua capacidade de fornecer os fluxos de fluidos essenciais para suportar a maturação da barreira e mimetizar a circulação de células imunes observadas in vivo 5,6. Consequentemente, não podem ser utilizados para estudos que necessitem de fluxos dinâmicos que introduzam doses de fármacos, estimulação mecânica ou tensões de cisalhamento induzidas por fluidos 6,7,8.
Para superar as limitações dos sistemas de poço aberto, plataformas microfluídicas que combinam membranas de cultura porosas com canais fluídicos endereçáveis individualmente foram desenvolvidas9. Essas plataformas oferecem controle preciso sobre o roteamento de fluidos, perfusão e introdução de compostos químicos, estimulação de cisalhamento controlada e capacidade de adição dinâmica de células 7,10,11,12,13. Apesar das capacidades avançadas proporcionadas pelas plataformas microfluídicas, elas não têm sido amplamente adotadas nos laboratórios de biociências devido aos complexos protocolos microfluídicos e sua incompatibilidade com fluxos de trabalho experimentais estabelecidos4,10,14.
Para preencher a lacuna entre essas tecnologias, apresentamos um protocolo que emprega um sistema baseado em módulos reconfigurável magneticamente. Este sistema pode ser facilmente alternado entre os modos de poço aberto e microfluídico com base nas necessidades específicas do experimento. A plataforma possui um dispositivo de poço aberto, conhecido como m-μSiM (sistema microfisiológico modular habilitado por uma membrana de silício), com uma membrana de cultura de 100 nm de espessura (nanomembrana). Esta nanomembrana possui alta porosidade (15%) e transparência semelhante a vidro, como ilustrado na Figura 1B. Ele separa fisicamente o compartimento superior de um canal inferior, permitindo o transporte molecular através de escalas de comprimento fisiológico15. Ao contrário das membranas convencionais gravadas por trilhos, que têm desafios conhecidos na obtenção de imagens de células vivas com imagens de campo claro, as propriedades ópticas e físicas favoráveis da nanomembrana permitem a visualização clara das células em ambos os lados da superfície da membrana 15,16,17.
O presente protocolo descreve a fabricação de módulos especializados de semeadura e fluxo e explica a reconfiguração magnética da plataforma. Isso demonstra como a plataforma pode ser empregada para estabelecer barreiras endoteliais em condições estáticas e dinâmicas. Esta demonstração revela que as células endoteliais alinham-se ao longo da direção do fluxo, com uma upregulation de alvos gênicos sensíveis ao cisalhamento sob estimulação de cisalhamento.

<table border="1" fo:keep-together.within-page="1" fo:keep-with-next.within-page="always">
	<tbody>
		<tr>
			<td>0.5 x 0.86 Micro Flow tubes</td>
			<td>Langer Instruments</td>
			<td>WX10-14 &#38; DG Series</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>1 mm Disposable Biopsy Punches, Integra Miltex</td>
			<td>VWR</td>
			<td>95039-090</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>1x PBS 7.4 pH</td>
			<td>ThermoFisher Scientific</td>
			<td>10010023</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>20 GAUGE IT SERIES DISPENSING TIP</td>
			<td>Jensen Global</td>
			<td>JG20-1.5X</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>21 GAUGE NT PREMIUM SERIES ANGLED DISPENSING TIP</td>
			<td>Jensen Global</td>
			<td>JG21-1.0HPX-90</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>3M 467 MP Pressure senstitive adhesive (PSA)</td>
			<td>DigiKey</td>
			<td>3M9726-ND</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>3M 468 MP Pressure senstitive adhesive (PSA)</td>
			<td>DigiKey</td>
			<td>3M9720-ND</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>AlexaFluor 488 conjugated phalloidin</td>
			<td>ThermoFisher Scientific</td>
			<td>A12379&#160;</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Applied Biosystems&#160;TaqMan Fast Advanced Master Mix</td>
			<td>Thermo Fisher Scientific</td>
			<td>4444556</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA), Fraction V, 98%, Reagent grade, Alfa Aesar, Size = 10 g</td>
			<td>VWR</td>
			<td>AAJ64100-09</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Clear Scratch- and UV-Resistant Cast Acrylic Sheet</td>
			<td>McMaster-Carr</td>
			<td>8560K171</td>
			<td>12&#34; x 12&#34; x 1/16&#34;</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Clear Scratch- and UV-Resistant Cast Acrylic Sheet</td>
			<td>McMaster-Carr</td>
			<td>8589K31</td>
			<td>12&#34; x 12&#34; x 3/32&#34;</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Clear Scratch- and UV-Resistant Cast Acrylic Sheet</td>
			<td>McMaster-Carr</td>
			<td>8560K191</td>
			<td>12&#34; x 12&#34; x 7.64&#34;</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Corning Fibronectin, Human, 1 mg</td>
			<td>Corning</td>
			<td>47743-728</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Cover Glasses, Globe Scientific, L x W = 24 x 60 mm</td>
			<td>VWR</td>
			<td>10118-677</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>DOW SYLGARD 184 SILICONE ENCAPSULANT CLEAR 0.5 KG KIT</td>
			<td>Ellsworth Adhesives</td>
			<td>4019862</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>EGM-2 Endothelial Cell Growth Medium-2 BulletKit</td>
			<td>Lonza</td>
			<td>CC-3162</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Fixture A1&#38;A2</td>
			<td>SiMPore Inc.</td>
			<td>NA</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Fixture B1&#38;B2</td>
			<td>SiMPore Inc.</td>
			<td>NA</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>High Capacity cDNA Reverse Transcription Kit with RNase Inhibitor</td>
			<td>Thermo Fisher Scientific</td>
			<td>4374966</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC)</td>
			<td>ThermoFisher Scientific</td>
			<td>C0035C</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>LIVE/DEAD Cell Imaging Kit (488/570)</td>
			<td>Thermo Fisher Scientific</td>
			<td>R37601</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Molecular Probes Hoechst 33342, Trihydrochloride, Trihydrate</td>
			<td>Thermo Fisher Scientific</td>
			<td>H3570</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Nickel-plated magnets (4.75 mm diameter, 0.34 kg pull force)</td>
			<td>K&#38;J Magnetics</td>
			<td>D31</td>
			<td>3/16&#34; dia.&#160;x 1/16&#34; thick</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Paraformaldehyde, 4% w/v aq. soln., methanol free, Alfa Aesar</td>
			<td>Fisher Scientific</td>
			<td>aa47392-9M</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Peristaltic Pump</td>
			<td>Langer Instruments</td>
			<td>BQ50-1J-A</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Photoresist SU-8 developer solution</td>
			<td>Fisher Scientific</td>
			<td>NC9901158</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>PVDF syringe filters</td>
			<td>PerkinElmer</td>
			<td>2542913</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Silicon wafer</td>
			<td>University wafer,USA</td>
			<td>1196</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>SU-8 3050</td>
			<td>Fisher Scientific</td>
			<td>NC0702369</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Target gene: eNOS (Hs01574659_m1)</td>
			<td>ThermoFisher Scientific</td>
			<td>4331182</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Target gene: GAPDH (Hs02786624_g1)</td>
			<td>ThermoFisher Scientific</td>
			<td>4331182</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Target gene: KLF2 (Hs00360439_g1)</td>
			<td>ThermoFisher Scientific</td>
			<td>4331182</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Thermo Scientific&#160;Pierce 20x PBS Tween 20</td>
			<td>Thermo Fisher Scientific</td>
			<td>28352</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Transport Tube Sample White caps, 5 mL, Sterile</td>
			<td>VWR</td>
			<td>100500-422</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>TRI-reagent</td>
			<td>ThermoFisher Scientific</td>
			<td>AM9738</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Ultrathin Nanoporous Membrane Chip</td>
			<td>SiMPore Inc.</td>
			<td>NPSN100-1L</td>
			<td>The design is&#160; compatible with all of SiMPore membranes</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>uSiM component 1</td>
			<td>SiMPore Inc.</td>
			<td>NA</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>uSiM component 2</td>
			<td>SiMPore Inc.</td>
			<td>NA</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

transforming static barrier tissue models into dynamic microphysiological systems

Sistemas microfisiológicos são plataformas de cultura celular miniaturizadas usadas para mimetizar a estrutura e função de tecidos humanos em laboratório. No entanto, essas plataformas não ganharam ampla adoção em laboratórios de biociências, onde abordagens baseadas em membranas de poço aberto servem como padrão-ouro para mimetizar barreiras teciduais, apesar de não terem capacidade de fluxo de fluidos. Esse problema pode ser atribuído principalmente à incompatibilidade dos sistemas microfisiológicos existentes com protocolos e ferramentas padronizadas desenvolvidas para sistemas de poço aberto.
Aqui, apresentamos um protocolo para a criação de uma plataforma reconfigurável baseada em membrana com uma estrutura de poço aberto, capacidade de aumento de fluxo e compatibilidade com protocolos convencionais. Este sistema utiliza uma abordagem de montagem magnética que permite a comutação reversível entre os modos de poço aberto e microfluídico. Com essa abordagem, os usuários têm a flexibilidade de iniciar um experimento no formato de poço aberto usando protocolos padrão e adicionar ou remover recursos de fluxo conforme necessário. Para demonstrar o uso prático desse sistema e sua compatibilidade com técnicas padrão, uma monocamada de células endoteliais foi estabelecida em um formato de poço aberto. O sistema foi reconfigurado para introduzir fluxo de fluido e, em seguida, mudou para o formato de poço aberto para conduzir a imunomarcação e extração de RNA. Devido à sua compatibilidade com protocolos convencionais de poço aberto e capacidade de aumento de fluxo, espera-se que este projeto reconfigurável seja adotado por laboratórios de engenharia e biociências.

Vascular barriers serve as a critical interface that separates the blood compartment from the surrounding tissue. They play a critical role in preserving homeostasis by attracting immune cells, controlling molecular permeability, and shielding against the intrusion of pathogens into the tissue1,2. In vitro culture models have been developed to mimic the in vivo microenvironment, enabling systematic investigations into the factors and conditions that impact barrier properties in both healthy and diseased states3,4.
The most widely used approach for such culture models is the Transwell-like &#34;open-well&#34; configuration5, where a porous, track-etched culture membrane separates media-filled compartments (Figure 1A). In this format, cells can be seeded on either side of the membrane, and a wide range of experimental protocols has been developed. However, these systems are limited in their ability to provide the fluid flows essential for supporting barrier maturation and mimicking immune cell circulation seen in vivo5,6. Consequently, they cannot be used for studies requiring dynamic flows that introduce drug doses, mechanical stimulation, or fluid-induced shear stresses6,7,8.
To overcome the limitations of open-well systems, microfluidic platforms that combine porous culture membranes with individually addressable fluidic channels have been developed9. These platforms offer precise control over fluid routing, perfusion, and the introduction of chemical compounds, controlled shear stimulation, and dynamic cell addition capabilities7,10,11,12,13. Despite the advanced capabilities provided by microfluidic platforms, they have not seen widespread adoption in bioscience laboratories due to complex microfluidic protocols and their incompatibility with established experimental workflows4,10,14.
To bridge the gap between these technologies, we present a protocol that employs a magnetically reconfigurable, module-based system. This system can be easily switched between open-well and microfluidic modes based on the specific needs of the experiment. The platform features an open-well device, known as m-&#181;SiM (modular microphysiological system enabled by a silicon membrane), with a 100 nm thick culture membrane (nanomembrane). This nanomembrane possesses high porosity (15%) and glass-like transparency, as illustrated in Figure 1B. It physically separates the top compartment from a bottom channel, allowing for molecular transport across physiological length scales15. Unlike conventional track-etched membranes, which have known challenges in imaging live cells with bright-field imaging, the nanomembrane&#39;s favorable optical and physical properties enable clear visualization of cells on either side of the membrane surface15,16,17.
The present protocol outlines the fabrication of specialized seeding and flow modules and explains the magnetic reconfiguration of the platform. It demonstrates how the platform can be employed to establish endothelial barriers under both static and dynamic conditions. This demonstration reveals that endothelial cells align along the flow direction, with an upregulation of shear-sensitive gene targets under shear stimulation.

Autor em destaque: Desenvolvendo um sistema microfisiológico modular exclusivo para imitar o tecido de barreira humana

Transformando Modelos de Tecidos de Barreira Estática em Sistemas Microfisiológicos Dinâmicos

We're developing modular microphysiological systems that mimic human barrier tissues. Our system is unique because it can be reconfigured from a static open well culture to a flow-enhanced system. This flexibility allows the platform to be used in both bioscience and engineering-focused laboratories.We present a protocol for creating a reconfigurable open well platform with flow-enhanced culture and lifestyle imaging. It is compatible with conventional bioscience protocols. Our reconfigurable design allows users to switch between the open well and microfluidic modes during an experiment, and allows the user to conduct each step using a format they are comfortable with.

O módulo central de poço aberto é inicialmente posicionado dentro de uma cavidade específica criada por uma carcaça inferior e uma lamínula, como ilustrado na Figura 6A. Posteriormente, o módulo de fluxo, que inclui um microcanal e portas de acesso, é inserido no poço do módulo principal. O módulo de fluxo é selado firmemente contra a camada de suporte de silício da membrana devido à força de atração magnética entre os ímãs embutidos nas carcaças inferior e superior, con...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Author Spotlight: Developing a Unique Modular Microphysiological System to Mimic Human Barrier Tissue at JoVE.com

Este protocolo descreve uma plataforma de cultura celular baseada em membrana reconfigurável que integra o formato de poço aberto com recursos de fluxo de fluido. Esta plataforma é compatível com protocolos padrão e permite transições reversíveis entre os modos de cultura de poço aberto e microfluídica, acomodando as necessidades dos laboratórios de engenharia e biociências.

Microphysiological systems are miniaturized cell culture platforms used to mimic the structure and function of human tissues in a laboratory setting. ...

Estamos desenvolvendo sistemas microfisiológicos modulares que imitam tecidos de barreira humana. Nosso sistema é único porque pode ser reconfigurado de uma cultura estática de poço aberto para um sistema aprimorado de fluxo. Essa flexibilidade permite que a plataforma seja usada tanto em laboratórios focados em biociências quanto em engenharia.Apresentamos um protocolo para a criação de uma plataforma de poço aberto reconfigurável com cultura aprimorada por fluxo e imagens de estilo de vida. É compatível com protocolos convencionais de biociência. Nosso design reconfigurável permite que os usuários alternem entre os modos de poço aberto e microfluídico durante um experimento, e permite que o usuário conduza cada etapa usando um formato com o qual se sinta confortável.

transforming-static-barrier-tissue-models-into-dynamic

Research

JoVE Journal

Bioengineering

Transforming Static Barrier Tissue Models into Dynamic Microphysiological Systems

Microphysiological systems are miniaturized cell culture platforms used to mimic the structure and function of human tissues in a laboratory setting. However, these platforms have not gained widespread adoption in bioscience laboratories where open-well, membrane-based approaches serve as the gold standard for mimicking tissue barriers, despite lacking fluid flow capabilities. This issue can be primarily attributed to the incompatibility of existing microphysiological systems with standard protocols and tools developed for open-well systems.
Here, we present a protocol for creating a reconfigurable membrane-based platform with an open-well structure, flow enhancement capability, and compatibility with conventional protocols. This system utilizes a magnetic assembly approach that enables reversible switching between open-well and microfluidic modes. With this approach, users have the flexibility to begin an experiment in the open-well format using standard protocols and add or remove flow capabilities as needed. To demonstrate the practical usage of this system and its compatibility with standard techniques, an endothelial cell monolayer was established in an open-well format. The system was reconfigured to introduce fluid flow and then switched to the open-well format to conduct immunostaining and RNA extraction. Due to its compatibility with conventional open-well protocols and flow enhancement capability, this reconfigurable design is expected to be adopted by both engineering and bioscience laboratories.

This protocol describes a reconfigurable membrane-based cell culture platform that integrates the open-well format with fluid flow capabilities. This platform is compatible with standard protocols and allows for reversible transitions between open-well and microfluidic culture modes, accommodating the needs of both engineering and bioscience laboratories.