The upper respiratory system contains the nose, oral cavity, nasal cavity, paranasal sinuses, and the pharynx. The nose and nasal cavity form the external ...

The lower respiratory tract comprises the larynx, trachea, bronchial tree, alveoli, lungs, and pleurae. The larynx, positioned between the pharynx and the ...

The physiology of respiration involves three fundamental processes: ventilation, oxygenation, and the dynamics of compliance and resistance. Ventilation ...

The regulation of respiration is mediated by a cluster of neurons in the brainstem known as the respiratory centers. The respiratory centers are divided ...

A respiratory tract assessment helps identify and manage respiratory conditions by collecting both subjective and objective data. Subjective data is ...

Inspection is the initial step in assessing the respiratory system. It involves observing the following components. Initially, the chest configuration is ...

Palpation is a method of assessing the respiratory tract to detect tenderness, masses, lesions, respiratory excursions, and fremitus. First, the nurse ...

Begin the percussion assessment by positioning the patient upright and leaning forward with arms folded for the posterior chest examination. Start ...

Auscultation is a crucial method in respiratory assessment that provides vital information about airflow and lung obstructions. Begin by instructing the ...

Inspection and percussion methods of examination help detect respiratory system abnormalities. Abnormalities detected during the inspection include the ...

In respiratory assessments, palpation can detect abnormalities such as tracheal deviation, suggesting conditions like tension pneumothorax or large ...