ويدعم هذا العمل من الهندسة والعلوم الفيزيائية بحوث عدد يمنح المجلس EP/I017461/1. ونود أيضا أن نعترف بمساهمة الذي تضطلع به الجهاز الفني للمركز Nanofabrication جيمس وات.

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الإعلان عن أي تضارب في المصالح.

هذا البروتوكول يصف محاكاة وتصنيع وتوصيف امتصاص metamaterial THz. فمن الضروري مثل الطول الموجي هياكل فرعية هي محاكاة بدقة قبل وتلتزم أي جهد لإجراءات تصنيع مكلفة. Lumerical المحاكاة FDTD تقديم معلومات عن ليس فقط امتصاص الطيف MM ولكن أيضا مكان الامتصاص، والمعرفة الضرورية للمساعدة عل?...

هذا البروتوكول يصف محاكاة وتصنيع وتوصيف الفرقة واحد وامتصاص النطاق العريض MM THz. الجهاز، كما هو موضح في الشكل 1، وتتألف من معدن الصليب وطبقة عازلة على رأس معدن الطائرة على الأرض. هيكل على شكل صليب مثال على حلقة الكهربائية مرنان (ERR) 20،21 والأزواج بقوة لمجالات كهربائية موحدة، ولكن تكاد لا تذكر لمجال مغناطيسي. من إقران ERR مع الارض الطائرة، المكون المغناطيسي للحادث THz موجة يدفع الحالية في أقسام ERR التي هي موازية لاتجاه المجال-E. ويمكن بعد ذلك استجابة الكهربائية والمغناطيسية ضبطها بشكل مستقل ومقاومة للهيكل تتناسب مع المساحة الحرة من خلال تغيير الشكل الهندسي للERR والمسافة بين عنصري المعدنية. كما هو مبين في الشكل 1 (د)، والتماثل للنتائج هيكل في امتصاص رد الاستقطاب حساسة.

<table border="1" style=";text-align:right;direction:rtl"><tbody><tr><td> اسم الكاشف / المواد </td><td> شركة </td><td> كتالوج رقم </td><td> تعليقات </td></tr><tr><td> Lumerical FDTD </td><td> Lumerical </td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td> رقاقة السيليكون </td><td> البنك الإسلامي للتنمية تكنولوجيات </td><td></td><td> واحد من جانب ومصقول </td></tr><tr><td> Plassys 450 MEB المبخر </td><td> Plassys Bestek </td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td> VM651 التمهيدي </td><td> دوبونت </td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td> PI2545 </td><td> دوبونت </td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td> الميثيل كيتون الاستيوفينون </td><td> سيغما الدريخ </td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td> الأيزوبروبانول </td><td> سيغما الدريخ </td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td> Plasmaprep5 برميل آشر </td><td> حفل INSTRUMENTE </td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td> VB6 UHR EWF الكاتب الإلكترون شعاع </td><td> Vistec </td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td> تانر L-تحرير </td><td> شركة تانر </td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td> تخطيط متعاطي المخدرات </td><td> ل GenISys شركة </td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td> بولي مثيل ميثاكريلات (PMMA) </td><td> سيغما الدريخ </td><td> 293261 سيغما الدريخ </td><td></td></tr><tr><td> IFV 66v / ثانية FTIR </td><td> بروكر </td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td> بايك حدة انعكاس 30spec </td><td> بايك تكنولوجيا </td><td> &lt;/ TD&gt; <td></td></tr><tr><td> قوس مصباح الزئبق </td><td> بروكر </td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td> الاتحاد الافريقي مرآة </td><td> ثور مختبرات </td><td> PF05-03-M01 </td><td></td></tr><tr><td> لايكا INM20 المجهر الضوئي </td><td> لايكا مايكروسيستمز </td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td> 6 مم Beamsplitter مايلر </td><td> بروكر </td><td></td><td></td></tr></tbody></table>

simulation, fabrication and characterization of thz metamaterial absorbers

يتعلق بما وارء (MM)، وقد تم تصميم المواد الاصطناعية إلى أن الخصائص التي قد لا يمكن العثور عليها في الطبيعة، استكشاف نطاق واسع منذ أول مظاهرة النظرية التجريبية 1 و 2 من خصائص فريدة من نوعها. يمكن تقديم رد الطبيون الكهرومغناطيسية يمكن السيطرة عليها إلى حد كبير، وحتى الآن أثبتت في كل مجموعة الطيفية ذات الصلة بما في ذلك تكنولوجيا ال 3 البصرية، بالقرب IR 4، منتصف IR 5، THz 6، مم الموجة 7، 8 و ميكروويف نطاقات الإذاعة 9. وتشمل التطبيقات العدسات الكمال 10، وأجهزة الاستشعار 11، الاتصالات السلكية واللاسلكية 12، 13 و عباءات الخفي مرشحات 14،15. وقد وضعنا مؤخرا فرقة واحدة 16، الفرقة المزدوج 17 و 18 أجهزة النطاق العريض THz امتصاص قادرة على امتصاص metamaterial أكبر من 80٪ في ذروة الرنين. مفهوم امتصاص MM هو especiallالمهم Y على ترددات THz حيث أنه من الصعب العثور على وتيرة قوية امتصاص انتقائي THz 19. لدينا في امتصاص MM يتم امتصاص الإشعاع في THz بسمك ~ λ/20، والتغلب على قيود سمك التقليدية امتصاص طول موجة الربع. امتصاص MM تقديم أنفسهم بشكل طبيعي إلى تطبيقات الكشف THz، مثل أجهزة الاستشعار الحرارية، وإذا متكاملة مع مصادر THz مناسبة (مثل QCLs)، يمكن أن يؤدي إلى التعاقد والتكلفة وحساسة للغاية منخفضة، في الوقت الحقيقي THz نظم التصوير.

الرقم 5 (أ) يبين أطياف الامتصاص التي تم الحصول عليها تجريبيا ومحاكاة لامتصاص MM 3،1 ميكرومتر مع سميكة عازلة بوليميد التبادل. هذا الهيكل لديه MM-تكرار الفترة من 27 ميكرومتر وأبعاد K = 26 ميكرون، L = 20 ميكرون، M = 10 ميكرومتر وN = 5 ميكرون. أجريت القياسات التجريبية أيضا على ...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Simulation, Fabrication and Characterization of THz Metamaterial Absorbers at JoVE.com

Simulation, Fabrication and Characterization of THz Metamaterial Absorbers

هذا البروتوكول يحدد محاكاة وتصنيع وتوصيف امتصاص metamaterial THz. امتصاص مثل هذه عندما يقترن مع جهاز استشعار مناسبة، لها تطبيقات في مجال التصوير الطيفي وTHz.

المحاكاة، تصنيع وتوصيف امتصاص Metamaterial THz

Metamaterials (MM),  artificial materials engineered to have properties that may not be found in  nature, have been widely explored since the first ...

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15.2K Views.  University of Glasgow. هذا البروتوكول يحدد محاكاة وتصنيع وتوصيف امتصاص metamaterial THz. امتصاص مثل هذه عندما يقترن مع جهاز استشعار مناسبة، لها تطبيقات في مجال التصوير الطيفي وTHz.

Video: Simulation, Fabrication and Characterization of THz Metamaterial Absorbers

Fabrication And Characterization Of Photonic Crystal Slow Light Waveguides And Cavities

Slow light has been one of the hot topics in the photonics community in the past decade, generating great interest both from a fundamental point of view and for its considerable potential for practical applications. Slow light photonic crystal waveguides, in particular, have played a major part and have been successfully employed for delaying optical signals1-4 and the enhancement of both linear5-7 and nonlinear devices.8-11
Photonic crystal cavities achieve similar effects to that of slow light waveguides, but over a reduced band-width. These cavities offer high Q-factor/volume ratio, for the realization of optically12 and electrically13 pumped ultra-low threshold lasers and the enhancement of nonlinear effects.14-16 Furthermore, passive filters17 and modulators18-19 have been demonstrated, exhibiting ultra-narrow line-width, high free-spectral range and record values of low energy consumption.
To attain these exciting results, a robust repeatable fabrication protocol must be developed. In this paper we take an in-depth look at our fabrication protocol which employs electron-beam lithography for the definition of photonic crystal patterns and uses wet and dry etching techniques. Our optimised fabrication recipe results in photonic crystals that do not suffer from vertical asymmetry and exhibit very good edge-wall roughness. We discuss the results of varying the etching parameters and the detrimental effects that they can have on a device, leading to a diagnostic route that can be taken to identify and eliminate similar issues.
The key to evaluating slow light waveguides is the passive characterization of transmission and group index spectra. Various methods have been reported, most notably resolving the Fabry-Perot fringes of the transmission spectrum20-21 and interferometric techniques.22-25 Here, we describe a direct, broadband measurement technique combining spectral interferometry with Fourier transform analysis.26 Our method stands out for its simplicity and power, as we can characterise a bare photonic crystal with access waveguides, without need for on-chip interference components, and the setup only consists of a Mach-Zehnder interferometer, with no need for moving parts and delay scans.
When characterising photonic crystal cavities, techniques involving internal sources21 or external waveguides directly coupled to the cavity27 impact on the performance of the cavity itself, thereby distorting the measurement. Here, we describe a novel and non-intrusive technique that makes use of a cross-polarised probe beam and is known as resonant scattering (RS), where the probe is coupled out-of plane into the cavity through an objective. The technique was first demonstrated by McCutcheon et al.28 and further developed by Galli et al.29

Use of photonic crystal slow light waveguides and cavities has been widely adopted by the photonics community in many differing applications. Therefore fabrication and characterization of these devices are of great interest. This paper outlines our fabrication technique and two optical characterization methods, namely: interferometric (waveguides) and resonant scattering (cavities).

تصنيع وتوصيف الدليل الموجي الكريستال الضوئية الخفيفة بطيئة وتجاويف

Slow light has been one of the hot topics in the photonics community in the past decade, generating great interest both from a fundamental point of view ...

Design, Fabrication, and Experimental Characterization of Plasmonic Photoconductive Terahertz Emitters

In this video article we present a detailed demonstration of a highly efficient method for generating terahertz waves. Our technique is based on photoconduction, which has been one of the most commonly used techniques for terahertz generation 1-8. Terahertz generation in a photoconductive emitter is achieved by pumping an ultrafast photoconductor with a pulsed or heterodyned laser illumination. The induced photocurrent, which follows the envelope of the pump laser, is routed to a terahertz radiating antenna connected to the photoconductor contact electrodes to generate terahertz radiation. Although the quantum efficiency of a photoconductive emitter can theoretically reach 100%, the relatively long transport path lengths of photo-generated carriers to the contact electrodes of conventional photoconductors have severely limited their quantum efficiency. Additionally, the carrier screening effect and thermal breakdown strictly limit the maximum output power of conventional photoconductive terahertz sources. To address the quantum efficiency limitations of conventional photoconductive terahertz emitters, we have developed a new photoconductive emitter concept which incorporates a plasmonic contact electrode configuration to offer high quantum-efficiency and ultrafast operation simultaneously. By using nano-scale plasmonic contact electrodes, we significantly reduce the average photo-generated carrier transport path to photoconductor contact electrodes compared to conventional photoconductors 9. Our method also allows increasing photoconductor active area without a considerable increase in the capacitive loading to the antenna, boosting the maximum terahertz radiation power by preventing the carrier screening effect and thermal breakdown at high optical pump powers. By incorporating plasmonic contact electrodes, we demonstrate enhancing the optical-to-terahertz power conversion efficiency of a conventional photoconductive terahertz emitter by a factor of 50 10.

We describe methods for the design, fabrication, and experimental characterization of plasmonic photoconductive emitters, which offer two orders of magnitude higher terahertz power levels compared to conventional photoconductive emitters.

تصميم وتصنيع، والتجريبية توصيف Plasmonic بواعث تيراهيرتز موصل كهربائي بفعل الضوء

In this video article we present a detailed demonstration of a highly efficient method for generating terahertz waves. Our technique is based on ...

Fabrication and Characterization of Disordered Polymer Optical Fibers for Transverse Anderson Localization of Light

We develop and characterize a disordered polymer optical fiber that uses transverse Anderson localization as a novel waveguiding mechanism. The developed polymer optical fiber is composed of 80,000 strands of poly (methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) and polystyrene (PS) that are randomly mixed and drawn into a square cross section optical fiber with a side width of 250 &mu;m. Initially, each strand is 200 &mu;m in diameter and 8-inches long. During the mixing process of the original fiber strands, the fibers cross over each other; however, a large draw ratio guarantees that the refractive index profile is invariant along the length of the fiber for several tens of centimeters. The large refractive index difference of 0.1 between the disordered sites results in a small localized beam radius that is comparable to the beam radius of conventional optical fibers. The input light is launched from a standard single mode optical fiber using the butt-coupling method and the near-field output beam from the disordered fiber is imaged using a 40X objective and a CCD camera. The output beam diameter agrees well with the expected results from the numerical simulations. The disordered optical fiber presented in this work is the first device-level implementation of 2D Anderson localization, and can potentially be used for image transport and short-haul optical communication systems.

We develop and characterize a disordered polymer optical fiber that uses transverse Anderson localization as a novel waveguiding mechanism. This microstructured fiber can transport a small localized beam with a radius that is comparable to the beam radius of conventional optical fibers.

تصنيع وتوصيف المختلين بوليمر ألياف البصرية لعرضية أندرسون توطين الضوء

We develop and characterize a disordered polymer optical fiber that uses transverse Anderson localization as a novel waveguiding mechanism. The developed ...

Fabrication and Testing of Microfluidic Optomechanical Oscillators

Cavity optomechanics experiments that parametrically couple the phonon modes and photon modes have been investigated in various optical systems including microresonators. However, because of the increased acoustic radiative losses during direct liquid immersion of optomechanical devices, almost all published optomechanical experiments have been performed in solid phase. This paper discusses a recently introduced hollow microfluidic optomechanical resonator. Detailed methodology is provided to fabricate these ultra-high-Q microfluidic resonators, perform optomechanical testing, and measure radiation pressure-driven breathing mode and SBS-driven whispering gallery mode parametric vibrations. By confining liquids inside the capillary resonator, high mechanical- and optical- quality factors are simultaneously maintained.

Parametric optomechanical excitations have recently been experimentally demonstrated in microfluidic optomechanical resonators by means of optical radiation pressure and stimulated Brillouin scattering. This paper describes the fabrication of these microfluidic resonators along with methodologies for generating and verifying optomechanical oscillations.

تصنيع واختبار ميكروفلويديك الميكانيكية المذبذبات

Cavity optomechanics experiments that parametrically couple the phonon modes and photon modes have been investigated in various optical systems including ...

Patterning via Optical Saturable Transitions - Fabrication and Characterization

This protocol describes the fabrication and characterization of nanostructures using a novel nanolithographic technique called Patterning via Optical Saturable Transitions (POST). In this technique the chemical properties of organic photochromic molecules that undergo single-photon reactions are exploited, enabling rapid top-down nanopatterning over large areas at low light intensities, thereby, allowing for the circumvention of the far-field diffraction barrier.4 Simple, cost-effective, high throughput and resolution alternatives to nanopatterning are being explored, such as, two-photon polymerization5,6, beam pen lithography (BPL)7, scanning electron beam lithography (SEBL), and focused ion beam (FIB) patterning. However, multi-photon approaches require high light intensities, which limit their potential for high throughput and offer low image contrast. Although, electron and ion beam lithographic processes offer increased resolution, the serial nature of the process is limited to slow writing speeds, which also prevents patterning of features over large areas. Beam-pen lithography is an approach towards parallel near-field optical lithography. However, the gap between the source of the beam and the surface of the photoresist needs to be controlled extremely precisely for good pattern uniformity and this is very challenging to accomplish for large arrays of beams. Patterning via Optical Saturable Transitions (POST) is an alternative optical nanopatterning technique for patterning sub-wavelength features1-3. Since this technique uses single photons instead of electrons, it is extremely fast and does not require high light intensities1-3, opening the door to massive parallelization.

We report that the diffraction limit of conventional optical lithography can be overcome by exploiting the transitions of organic photochromic derivatives induced by their photoisomerization at low light intensities.1-3 This paper outlines our fabrication technique and two locking mechanisms, namely: dissolution of one photoisomer and electrochemical oxidation.

الزخرفة عبر البصرية تشبع انتقالات - تصنيع وتوصيف

This protocol describes the fabrication and characterization of nanostructures using a novel nanolithographic technique called Patterning via Optical ...

Ohmic Contact Fabrication Using a Focused-ion Beam Technique and Electrical Characterization for Layer Semiconductor Nanostructures

Layer semiconductors with easily processed two-dimensional (2D) structures exhibit indirect-to-direct bandgap transitions and superior transistor performance, which suggest a new direction for the development of next-generation ultrathin and flexible photonic and electronic devices. Enhanced luminescence quantum efficiency has been widely observed in these atomically thin 2D crystals. However, dimension effects beyond quantum confinement thicknesses or even at the micrometer scale are not expected and have rarely been observed. In this study, molybdenum diselenide (MoSe2) layer crystals with a thickness range of 6-2,700 nm were fabricated as two- or four-terminal devices. Ohmic contact formation was successfully achieved by the focused-ion beam (FIB) deposition method using platinum (Pt) as a contact metal. Layer crystals with various thicknesses were prepared through simple mechanical exfoliation by using dicing tape. Current-voltage curve measurements were performed to determine the conductivity value of the layer nanocrystals. In addition, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, selected-area electron diffractometry, and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy were used to characterize the interface of the metal&#8211;semiconductor contact of the FIB-fabricated MoSe2 devices. After applying the approaches, the substantial thickness-dependent electrical conductivity in a wide thickness range for the MoSe2-layer semiconductor was observed. The conductivity increased by over two orders of magnitude from 4.6 to 1,500 &#937;&#8722;1 cm&#8722;1, with a decrease in the thickness from 2,700 to 6 nm. In addition, the temperature-dependent conductivity indicated that the thin MoSe2 multilayers exhibited considerably weak semiconducting behavior with activation energies of 3.5-8.5 meV, which are considerably smaller than those (36-38 meV) of the bulk. Probable surface-dominant transport properties and the presence of a high surface electron concentration in MoSe2 are proposed. Similar results can be obtained for other layer semiconductor materials such as MoS2 and WS2.

We describe the approaches for the device fabrication and electrical characterization of molybdenum diselenide (MoSe2) layer semiconductor nanostructures with different thicknesses. In addition, the fabrication of ohmic contacts for MoSe2-layer nanocrystals by the focused-ion beam deposition method using platinum (Pt) as a contact metal is described.

أومية الاتصال التصنيع باستخدام تقنية تركز أيون شعاع وتوصيف الكهربائية للطبقة أشباه الموصلات النانوية

Layer semiconductors with easily processed two-dimensional (2D) structures exhibit indirect-to-direct bandgap transitions and superior transistor ...

Printing Fabrication of Bulk Heterojunction Solar Cells and In Situ Morphology Characterization

Polymer-based materials hold promise as low-cost, flexible efficient photovoltaic devices. Most laboratory efforts to achieve high performance devices have used devices prepared by spin coating, a process that is not amenable to large-scale fabrication. This mismatch in device fabrication makes it difficult to translate quantitative results obtained in the laboratory to the commercial level, making optimization difficult. Using a mini-slot die coater, this mismatch can be resolved by translating the commercial process to the laboratory and characterizing the structure formation in the active layer of the device in real time and in situ as films are coated onto a substrate. The evolution of the morphology was characterized under different conditions, allowing us to propose a mechanism by which the structures form and grow. This mini-slot die coater offers a simple, convenient, material efficient route by which the morphology in the active layer can be optimized under industrially relevant conditions. The goal of this protocol is to show experimental details of how a solar cell device is fabricated using a mini-slot die coater and technical details of running in situ structure characterization using the mini-slot die coater.

Printing Fabrication of Bulk Heterojunction Solar Cells and In Situ Morphology Characterization

Here, we present a protocol to fabricate organic thin film solar cells using a mini-slot die coater and related in-line structure characterizations using synchrotron scattering techniques.

الطباعة تصنيع السائبة متغاير الخلايا الشمسية و<em&gt; في الموقع</em&gt; الصرف توصيف

Polymer-based materials hold promise as low-cost, flexible efficient photovoltaic devices. Most laboratory efforts to achieve high performance devices ...

Fabrication and Characterization of Superconducting Resonators

Superconducting microwave resonators are of interest for a wide range of applications, including for their use as microwave kinetic inductance detectors (MKIDs) for the detection of faint astrophysical signatures, as well as for quantum computing applications and materials characterization. In this paper, procedures are presented for the fabrication and characterization of thin-film superconducting microwave resonators. The fabrication methodology allows for the realization of superconducting transmission-line resonators with features on both sides of an atomically smooth single-crystal silicon dielectric. This work describes the procedure for the installation of resonator devices into a cryogenic microwave testbed and for cool-down below the superconducting transition temperature. The set-up of the cryogenic microwave testbed allows one to do careful measurements of the complex microwave transmission of these resonator devices, enabling the extraction of the properties of the superconducting lines and dielectric substrate (e.g., internal quality factors, loss and kinetic inductance fractions), which are important for device design and performance.

Superconducting microwave resonators are of interest for detection of light, quantum computing applications and materials characterization. This work presents a detailed procedure for fabrication and characterization of superconducting microwave resonator scattering parameters.

تصنيع وتوصيف الموصلية الرنين

Superconducting microwave resonators are of interest for a wide range of applications, including for their use as microwave kinetic inductance detectors ...

Study of Siphon Breaker Experiment and Simulation for a Research Reactor

Under the design conditions of a research reactor, the siphon phenomenon induced by pipe rupture can cause continuous outward flow of water. To prevent this outflow, a control device is required. A siphon breaker is a type of safety device that can be utilized to control the loss of coolant water effectively.
To analyze the characteristics of siphon breaking, a real-scale experiment was conducted. From the results of the experiment, it was found that there are several design factors that affect the siphon breaking phenomenon. Therefore, there is a need to develop a theoretical model capable of predicting and analyzing the siphon breaking phenomenon under various design conditions. Using the experimental data, it was possible to formulate a theoretical model that accurately predicts the progress and the result of the siphon breaking phenomenon. The established theoretical model is based on fluid mechanics and incorporates the Chisholm model to analyze two-phase flow. From Bernoulli&#39;s equation, the velocity, quantity, undershooting height, water level, pressure, friction coefficient, and factors related to the two-phase flow could be obtained or calculated. Moreover, to utilize the model established in this study, a siphon breaker analysis and design program was developed. The simulation program operates on the theoretical model basis and returns the result as a graph. The user can confirm the possibility of the siphon breaking by checking the shape of the graph. Furthermore, saving the entire simulation result is possible and it can be used as a resource for analyzing the real siphon breaking system.
In conclusion, the user can confirm the status of the siphon breaking and design the siphon breaker system using the program developed in this study.

The siphon breaking phenomenon was investigated experimentally and a theoretical model was proposed. A simulation program based on the theoretical model was developed and the results of the simulation program were compared with experimental results. It was concluded that the results of the simulation program matched the experimental results well.

دراسة تجربة الكسارة السيفون ومحاكاة لمفاعل للأبحاث

Under the design conditions of a research reactor, the siphon phenomenon induced by pipe rupture can cause continuous outward flow of water. To prevent ...

A 100 KW Class Applied-field Magnetoplasmadynamic Thruster

Applied-field magnetoplasmadynamic thrusters (AF-MPD thrusters) are hybrid accelerators in which electromagnetic and gas dynamic processes accelerate plasma to high speed; they have considerable potential for future space applications with the significant advantages of high specific impulse and thrust density. In this paper, we present a series of protocols for designing and manufacturing a 100 kW class of AF-MPD thruster with water-cooling structures, a 130 V maximum discharge voltage, a 800 A maximum discharge current, and a 0.25 T maximum strength of magnetic field. A hollow tantalum tungsten cathode acts as the only propellant inlet to inhibit the radial discharge, and it is positioned axially at the rear of the anode in order to relieve anode starvation. A cylindrical divergent copper anode is employed to decrease anode power deposition, where the length has been reduced to decrease the wall-plasma connecting area. Experiments utilized a vacuum system that can achieve a working vacuum of 0.01 Pa for a total propellant mass flow rate lower than 40 mg/s and a target thrust stand. The thruster tests were carried out to measure the effects of the working parameters such as propellant flow rates, the discharge current, and the strength of applied magnetic field on the performance and to allow appropriate analysis. The thruster could be operated continuously for significant periods of time with little erosion on the hollow cathode surface. The maximum power of the thruster is 100 kW, and the performance of this water-cooled configuration is comparable with that of thrusters reported in the literature.

The goal of this protocol is to introduce the design of a 100 kW class applied-field magnetoplasmadynamic thruster and relevant experimental methods.

100 كيلوواط فئة حقل تطبيق ستدمر ماجنيتوبلاسماديناميك

Applied-field magnetoplasmadynamic thrusters (AF-MPD thrusters) are hybrid accelerators in which electromagnetic and gas dynamic processes accelerate ...