determination-glucan-chain-length-distribution-glycogen-using

Determination of Glucan Chain Length Distribution of Glycogen Using the Fluorophore-Assisted Carbohydrate Electrophoresis (FACE) Method

Glycogen particles are branched polysaccharides composed of linear chains of glucosyl units linked by &#945;-1,4 glucoside bonds. The latter are attached ...

UNIVERSITY OF LILLE

Wild potato species have substantial phenotypic and physiological diversity. Here, we report a comprehensive assessment of wild and cultivated potato species based on genomic analyses of 201 accessions of Solanum section Petota. We sequenced the genomes of these 201 accessions and identified 6 487 006 high-quality single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) from 167 accessions in clade 4 of Solanum section Petota, including 146 wild and 21 cultivated diploid potato accessions with a broad geographic distribution. Genome-wide genetic variation analysis showed that the diversity of wild potatoes is higher than that of cultivated potatoes, and much higher genetic diversity in the agronomically important disease resistance genes was observed in wild potatoes. Furthermore, by exploiting information about known quantitative trait loci (QTL), we identified 609 genes under selection, including those correlated with the loss of bitterness in tubers and those involved in tuberization, two major domesticated traits of potato. Phylogenetic analyses revealed a north-south division of all species in clade 4, not just those in the S. brevicaule complex, and further supported S. candolleanum as the progenitor of cultivated potato and the monophyletic origin of cultivated potato in southern Peru. In addition, we analyzed the genome of S. candolleanum and identified 529 genes lost in cultivated potato. Collectively, the molecular markers generated in this study provide a valuable resource for the identification of agronomically important genes useful for potato breeding.

Genomic Analyses Yield Markers for Identifying Agronomically Important Genes in Potato.

Our paper analyzes full plastid DNA sequence data of 202 wild and cultivated diploid potatoes, Solanum section Petota, to explore its phylogenetic utility compared to prior analyses of the same accessions using genome-wide nuclear SNPs, and plastid DNA restriction site data. The present plastid analysis discovered the same major clades as the nuclear data but with some substantial differences in topology within the clades. The considerably larger plastid and nuclear data sets add phylogenetic resolution within the prior plastid DNA restriction site data, highlight plastid/nuclear incongruence that supports hypotheses of hybridization/introgression to help explain the taxonomic difficulty in the section.

Analyses of 202 plastid genomes elucidate the phylogeny of Solanum section Petota.

The order Chlamydiales includes obligate intracellular pathogens capable of infecting mammals, fishes and amoeba. Unlike other intracellular bacteria for which intracellular adaptation led to the loss of glycogen metabolism pathway, all chlamydial families maintained the nucleotide-sugar dependent glycogen metabolism pathway i.e. the GlgC-pathway with the notable exception of both Criblamydiaceae and Waddliaceae families. Through detailed genome analysis and biochemical investigations, we have shown that genome rearrangement events have resulted in a defective GlgC-pathway and more importantly we have evidenced a distinct trehalose-dependent GlgE-pathway in both Criblamydiaceae and Waddliaceae families. Altogether, this study strongly indicates that the glycogen metabolism is retained in all Chlamydiales without exception, highlighting the pivotal function of storage polysaccharides, which has been underestimated to date. We propose that glycogen degradation is a mandatory process for fueling essential metabolic pathways that ensure the survival and virulence of extracellular forms i.e. elementary bodies of Chlamydiales.

Christophe Colleoni

CNRS,
UMR8576-UGSF-Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle,
CNRS, UMR8576-UGSF-Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle

UNIVERSITY OF LILLE

Determination of Glucan Chain Length Distribution of Glycogen Using the Fluorophore-Assisted Carbohydrate Electrophoresis (FACE) Method

Christophe Colleoni

.css-o250i3{font-size:18px;font-family:Open Sans,sans-serif;line-height:21.6px;}CNRS,UMR8576-UGSF-Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle,CNRS, UMR8576-UGSF-Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle

UNIVERSITY OF LILLE

Determination of Glucan Chain Length Distribution of Glycogen Using the Fluorophore-Assisted Carbohydrate Electrophoresis (FACE) Method

CNRS,
UMR8576-UGSF-Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle,
CNRS, UMR8576-UGSF-Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle