25.35 : 自身免疫性疾病

In an autoimmune disorder, the body's immune system mistakenly attacks its own cells and tissues by activating self-reactive T and B cells.

There are over 80 known autoimmune diseases caused by genetic, environmental, and hormonal factors.

Diseases like ankylosing spondylitis, myasthenia gravis, type-I diabetes, and rheumatoid arthritis are linked to specific genes, such as the human leukocyte antigen genes, and may be inherited.

Environmental factors like dietary components, infections, or toxins can trigger an autoimmune response in genetically susceptible individuals. For instance, celiac disease is triggered by gluten consumption in individuals who are genetically predisposed.

In autoimmune diseases, such as Addison's disease, Graves' disease, or systemic lupus erythematosus, hormone production gets affected.

Complex diseases, such as multiple sclerosis and psoriasis, result from a combination of environmental, genetic, and hormonal factors and sometimes viral and bacterial infections.

Although there is no permanent cure for autoimmune diseases, medications, dietary and lifestyle changes, and various therapies can help manage symptoms and control the autoimmune process.