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基因表达由基因启动子与远端调控元件的相互作用调节。在这里,我们解释了低输入捕获Hi-C(liCHi-C)如何允许在稀有细胞类型中鉴定这些相互作用,这些相互作用以前是无法测量的。
时空基因转录受到远端调控元件(如增强子和消音器)的严格调控,这些元件依赖于与靶基因启动子的物理接近来控制转录。虽然这些调控元件很容易识别,但它们的靶基因很难预测,因为它们中的大多数是细胞类型特异性的,并且可能在线性基因组序列中被数百个千碱基分开,跳过其他非靶基因。几年来,启动子捕获Hi-C(PCHi-C)一直是远端调控元件与其靶基因关联的黄金标准。然而,PCHi-C依赖于数百万个细胞的可用性,禁止研究稀有细胞群,例如通常从原代组织获得的细胞群。为了克服这一限制,已经开发了低输入捕获Hi-C(liCHi-C),这是一种经济高效且可定制的方法来识别控制基因组每个基因的远端调控元件库。liCHi-C依赖于与PCHi-C类似的实验和计算框架,但通过采用最小的试管更换,修改试剂浓度和体积,以及交换或消除步骤,它可以在文库构建过程中实现最小的材料损失。总的来说,liCHi-C能够在发育生物学和细胞功能的背景下研究基因调控和时空基因组组织。
时间基因表达驱动细胞分化,并最终推动生物体发育,其改变与多种疾病密切相关1,2,3,4,5。基因转录受调控元件作用的精细调控,调控元件可分为近端(即基因启动子)和远端(例如增强子或消音器),后者通常位于远离其靶基因的位置,并通过染色质环与它们发生物理相互作用以调节基因表达6,7,8。
基因组中远端调控区域的鉴定是一个被广泛同意的问题,因为这些区域具有特定的组蛋白修饰9,10,11并且包含特定的转录因子识别基序,作为它们的招募平台12,13,14。<....
为确保最小的材料损失,(1)使用DNA低结合管和吸头(参见 材料表),(2)将试剂放在管壁上,而不是将吸头引入样品内部,(3)如果可能,通过倒置而不是上下移液样品混合样品,然后向下旋转以回收样品。
1. 细胞固定
liCHi-C提供了生成高质量和分辨率的全基因组启动子相互作用组文库的可能性,只需50,000个细胞53。这是通过 - 除了大幅减少反应体积和在整个方案中使用DNA低结合塑料器皿 - 从原始方案中消除不必要的步骤来实现的,在这些步骤中会发生显着的材料损失。这些包括脱钩后的苯酚纯化,生物素去除以及随后的苯酚-氯仿纯化和乙醇沉淀。除此之外,重新组织Hi-C文库制备的步骤(生.......
liCHi-C提供了使用PCHi-C的类似实验框架生成高分辨率启动子相互作用组库的能力,但细胞数量大大减少。通过消除不必要的步骤,例如苯酚纯化和生物素去除,可以极大地实现这一点。在经典的核内连接Hi-C方案57 及其随后的衍生技术PCHi-C中,生物素从非连接的限制性内切性片段中去除,以避免拉下随后没有信息的DNA片段。跳过这部分及其随后的DNA纯化不会显着降低有效读数的百?.......
作者没有什么可透露的。
我们感谢哈维尔实验室的其他成员对手稿的反馈。我们感谢CERCA计划,加泰罗尼亚将军和Josep Carreras基金会的机构支持。这项工作由FEDER/西班牙科学与创新部(RTI2018-094788-A-I00),欧洲血液学协会(4823998)和西班牙抗癌协会(AECC)LABAE21981JAVI资助。BMJ由La Caixa银行基金会青年领袖项目(LCF/BQ/PI19/11690001)资助,LR由AGAUR FI奖学金(2019FI-B00017)资助,LT-D由FPI奖学金(PRE2019-088005)资助。我们感谢巴塞罗那自治大学的生物化学和分子生物学博士课程的支持。没有一个资助者在实验设计或手稿写作的任何时候都参与其中。
....Name | Company | Catalog Number | Comments |
0.4 mM Biotin-14-dATP | Invitrogen | 19524-016 | |
0.5 M EDTA pH 8.0 | Invitrogen | AM9260G | |
1 M Tris pH 8.0 | Invitrogen | AM9855G | |
10x NEBuffer 2 | New England Biolabs | B7002S | Referenced as restriction buffer 2 in the manuscript |
10x PBS | Fisher Scientific | BP3994 | |
10x T4 DNA ligase reaction buffer | New England Biolabs | B0202S | |
16% formaldehyde solution (w/v), methanol-free | Thermo Scientific | 28908 | |
20 mg/mL Bovine Serum Albumin | New England Biolabs | B9000S | |
5 M NaCl | Invitrogen | AM9760G | |
5PRIME Phase Lock Gel Light tubes | Qiuantabio | 2302820 | For phenol-chloroform purification in section 4 (DNA purification). Phase Lock Gel tubes are a commercial type of tubes specially designed to maximize DNA recovery after phenol-chloroform purifications while avoiding carryover of contaminants in the organic phase by containing a resin of intermediate density which settles between the organic and aqueous phase and isolates them. PLG tubes should be spun at 12,000 x g for 30 s before use to ensure that the resin is well-placed at the bottom of the tube |
Adapters and PCR primers for library amplification | Integrated DNA Technologies | - | Bought as individual primers with PAGE purification for NGS |
Cell scrappers | Nunc | 179693 | Or any other brand |
Centrifuge (fixed-angle rotor for 1.5 mL tubes) | Any brand | ||
CHiCAGO R package | 1.14.0 | ||
CleanNGS beads | CleanNA | CNGS-0050 | |
dATP, dCTP, dGTP, dTTP | Promega | U120A, U121A, U122A, U123A | Or any other brand |
DNA LoBind tube, 1.5 mL | Eppendorf | 30108051 | |
DNA LoBind tube, 2 mL | Eppendorf | 30108078 | |
DNA polymerase I large (Klenow) fragment 5000 units/mL | New England Biolabs | M0210L | |
Dynabeads MyOne Streptavidin C1 beads | Invitrogen | 65002 | For biotin pull-down of the pre-captured library in section 8 (biotin pull-down) |
Dynabeads MyOne Streptavidin T1 beads | Invitrogen | 65602 | For biotin pull-down of the post-captured library in section 11 (biotin pull-down and PCR amplification) |
DynaMag-2 | Invitrogen | 12321D | Or any other magnet suitable for 1.5 ml tubeL |
Ethanol absolute | VWR | 20821.321 | |
FBS, qualified | Gibco | 10270-106 | Or any other brand |
Glycine | Fisher BioReagents | BP381-1 | |
GlycoBlue Coprecipitant | Invitrogen | AM9515 | Used for DNA coprecipitation in section 4 (DNA purification) |
HiCUP | 0.8.2 | ||
HindIII, 100 U/µL | New England Biolabs | R0104T | |
IGEPAL CA-630 | Sigma-Aldrich | I8896-50ML | |
Klenow EXO- 5000 units/mL | New England Biolabs | M0212L | |
Low-retention filter tips (10 µL, 20 µL, 200 µL and 1000 µL) | ZeroTip | PMT233010, PMT252020, PMT231200, PMT252000 | |
M220 Focused-ultrasonicator | Covaris | 500295 | |
Micro TUBE AFA Fiber Pre-slit snap cap 6 x 16 mm vials | Covaris | 520045 | For sonication in section 6 (sonication) |
NheI-HF, 100 U/µL | New England Biolabs | R3131M | |
Nuclease-free molecular biology grade water | Sigma-Aldrich | W4502 | |
PCR primers for quality controls | Integrated DNA Technologies | - | |
PCR strips and caps | Agilent Technologies | 410022, 401425 | |
Phenol: Chloroform: Isoamyl Alcohol 25:24:1, Saturated with 10 mM Tris, pH 8.0, 1 mM EDTA | Sigma-Aldrich | P3803 | |
Phusion High-Fidelity PCR Master Mix with HF Buffer | New England Biolabs | M0531L | For amplification of the library in sections 9 (dATP-tailing, adapter ligation and PCR amplification) and 11 (biotin pull-down and PCR amplification) |
Protease inhibitor cocktail (EDTA-free) | Roche | 11873580001 | |
Proteinase K, recombinant, PCR grade | Roche | 3115836001 | |
Qubit 1x dsDNA High Sensitivity kit | Invitrogen | Q33230 | For DNA quantification after precipitation in section 4 (DNA purification) |
Qubit assay tubes | Invitrogen | Q32856 | |
rCutsmart buffer | New England Biolabs | B6004S | |
RPMI Medium 1640 1x + GlutaMAX | Gibco | 61870-010 | Or any other brand |
SDS - Solution 10% for molecular biology | PanReac AppliChem | A0676 | |
Sodium acetate pH 5.2 | Sigma-Aldrich | S7899-100ML | |
SureSelect custom 3-5.9 Mb library | Agilent Technologies | 5190-4831 | Custom designed mouse or human capture system, used for the capture |
SureSelect Target Enrichment Box 1 | Agilent Technologies | 5190-8645 | Used for the capture |
SureSelect Target Enrichment Kit ILM PE Full Adapter | Agilent Technologies | 931107 | Used for the capture |
T4 DNA ligase 1 U/µL | Invitrogen | 15224025 | For ligation in section 3 (ligation and decrosslink) |
T4 DNA ligase 2000000/mL | New England Biolabs | M0202T | For ligation in section 9 (dATP-tailing, adapter ligation and PCR amplification) |
T4 DNA polymerase 3000 units/mL | New England Biolabs | M0203L | |
T4 PNK 10000 units/mL | New England Biolabs | M0201L | |
Tapestation 4200 instrument | Agilent Technologies | For automated electrophoresis in section 9 (dATP-tailing, adapter ligation, and PCR amplification) and section 11 (Biotin pull-down and PCR amplification). Any other automated electrophoresis system is valid | |
Tapestation reagents | Agilent Technologies | 5067-5582, 5067-5583, 5067-5584, 5067-5585, | For automated electrophoresis in section 9 (dATP-tailing, adapter ligation, and PCR amplification) and section 11 (Biotin pull-down and PCR amplification). Any other automated electrophoresis system is valid |
Triton X-100 for molecular biology | PanReac AppliChem | A4975 | |
Tween 20 | Sigma-Aldrich | P9416-50ML |
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