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脚考试

Overview

资料来源: 罗伯特 E.Sallis,马里兰州凯萨医疗机构,丰塔纳,加利福尼亚州美国

脚下是一个复杂的结构,组成无数的骨骼和关节。它提供了灵活性,是必不可少的接触点所需的移动,和是唯一适合吸收冲击。因为脚必须支持整个身体的重量,所以它很容易损伤和疼痛。检查脚,时,重要的是删除的鞋子和袜子两侧,这样整个脚可以检查和比较。它是重要密切比较向健侧的受伤或痛苦的脚。脚的评价的重要组成部分包括检查,触诊 (其中应包括血管评估),测试范围的议案 (ROM) 和强度,以及神经功能评价。

Procedure

1.检验

  1. 检查和比较这两个完全暴露,而从正面、 侧面和后面的脚。
  2. 请注意任何不对称、 肿胀、 瘀斑,和拱畸形。
  3. 检查皮肤和指甲的感染、 愈伤组织和鸡眼的证据。
  4. 检查异常磨损模式的鞋子。

2.触诊

与病人坐,触诊,压痛,肿胀或使用提示的食指和中指的脚畸形。

  1. 足背
    1. 触诊脚,寻找温柔点沿跗骨 (足舟状骨、 长方体和三种楔形文字骨头)、 跖骨、 趾骨、 (MTP) 跖趾关节和趾伸肌腱的顶部。温柔和麻木之间第三和第四次跖骨头是看到莫顿神经瘤。
    2. 触诊足背脉冲在脚中间的中线。
  2. 触诊沿舟骨、 第一跖骨和足底筋膜内侧脚。拇趾囊肿可能看的第一的 MTP 关节擦鞋。
  3. 触诊足外侧沿第五跖骨骨和脚趾。小趾囊炎 (在第五的 MTP 关节突出) 可以从在这一领域的过度摩擦。
  4. 触诊足底表面的脚从脚跟垫和跟骨,沿

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Application and Summary

Examination of the foot is best done with the patient first in a standing and then sitting position. The exam should follow a stepwise approach, and it is important that shoes and socks be removed from both of the patient's feet to allow easy inspection and comparison. The exam should begin with inspection, looking for asymmetry between the involved and uninvolved foot. Palpation of key structures is done next, looking for tenderness, swelling, or deformity. This is followed with assessing ROM in the forefoot and toe

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Tags
Foot ExamStructure Of The FootHindfootMidfootForefootSubtalar JointInversion And EversionNavicularCuboidCuneiform BonesMetatarsal BonesPhalangesMetatarsophalangeal JointsLigamentsTendonsMusclesPlantar FasciaWeight BearingAmbulationFoot PainVascular System DisordersPeripheral Nerves DisordersNerve Roots DisordersPeripheral Pulses AssessmentNeurological Evaluation

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0:00

Overview

1:47

Inspection and Palpation

4:03

Range of Motion

5:20

Strength Testing

6:24

Sensory Exam

7:09

Summary

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