dissection of supraclavicular brown adipose tissue in mice

小鼠 scBAT 的形态学和分子学特征

The increasing prevalence of obesity in the U.S. and worldwide has ignited great interest in understanding its etiology and identifying potential treatments1,2. Adipose tissue plays a vital role in metabolism, and dysregulation of the adipose tissue can lead to the development of obesity. Generally, there are two types of adipose tissues, white and brown adipose tissue. While white adipose tissue (WAT) can store chemical energy and secrete endocrine factors, brown adipose tissue (BAT) can use chemical energy to generate heat and maintain body temperature in the cold3,4. Because of this unique ability, activation of BAT can also increase energy expenditure and improve insulin sensitivity5.
BAT exerts its function through non-shivering thermogenesis, a process mediated by uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1)6. Mammals, including mice and humans, possess varying amounts of BAT. The classical view of BAT is that these adipose tissues are more abundant in mice and infants than in adult humans. iBAT, located in the upper dorsal flank between the scapulae, is the most studied BAT depot in mice. By applying radioisotope imaging and biopsy tests, recent studies identified several BAT depots in adult humans. Some of them, including the depots found in the deep neck and supraclavicular region, had not previously been identified in mice or other model animals7,8,9,10,11. Among these BAT depots, the scBAT is the most frequently seen depot in adult humans. To better understand the origin and molecular contribution of these newly found BAT depots in humans, it is essential to identify equivalent depots in mice that allow genetic and molecular manipulations to trace and test the functional role of these depots. Thus, we and others identified a few previously unknown BAT depots in different anatomical locations in mice, including scBAT12,13, thoracic perivascular BAT14,15, perirenal BAT16, and periaortic BAT17. Mouse scBAT anatomically resembles human scBAT and morphologically resembles classical iBAT, expressing high levels of UCP112.
Unlike mouse iBAT, which can be readily dissected, scBAT is situated in the intermediate layer of the mouse neck, beneath the salivary glands and along the external jugular vein. Isolation of this depot for histological and molecular analyses can be challenging. Here, we describe in detail the procedure for dissecting scBAT from postnatal and adult mice and processing this depot for histology and gene expression analysis.

作者聚焦：优化锁骨上棕色脂肪组织提取以进行遗传分析

小鼠锁骨上棕色脂肪组织的解剖、组织学处理及基因表达分析

小鼠锁骨上棕色脂肪组织的解剖

dissection-of-supraclavicular-brown-adipose-tissue-in-mice

Research

JoVE Journal

Biology

Dissection of Supraclavicular Brown Adipose Tissue in Mice

347 次观看. 1 首先，将小鼠尸体2 放在工作台上。3 用 70% 乙醇 4 喷洒小鼠的腹侧颈部，以减少皮毛污染，5 沿着锁骨做一个大约 1.5 厘米长的双侧切口 6。7 从双侧切口的末端，8 纵向切开约一厘米，朝耳朵， 9 在脖子周围创建一个方形的 U 形切口。10 将鼠标置于解剖显微镜下 11 并将暴露的颈部置于焦点中。12 用镊子提起切开的皮肤切片 13 以露出唾液腺...

视频: 小鼠锁骨上棕色脂肪组织的解剖

Dissection, Histological Processing, and Gene Expression Analysis of Murine Supraclavicular Brown Adipose Tissue

Brown adipose tissue (BAT)-mediated thermogenesis plays an important role in the regulation of metabolism, and its morphology and function can be greatly impacted by environmental stimuli in mice and humans. Currently, murine interscapular BAT (iBAT), which is located between two scapulae in the upper dorsal flank of mice, is the main BAT depot used by research laboratories to study BAT function. Recently, a few previously unknown BAT depots were identified in mice, including one analogous to human supraclavicular brown adipose tissue. Unlike iBAT, murine supraclavicular brown adipose tissue (scBAT) is situated in the intermediate layer of the neck and thus cannot be accessed as readily.
To facilitate the study of newly identified mouse scBAT, presented herein is a protocol detailing the steps to dissect intact scBAT from postnatal and adult mice. Due to scBAT&#39;s small size relative to other adipose depots, procedures have been modified and optimized specifically for processing scBAT. Among these modifications is the use of a dissecting microscope during tissue collection to increase the precision and homogenization of frozen scBAT samples to raise the efficiency of subsequent qPCR analysis. With these optimizations, the identification of, morphological appearance of, and molecular characterization of the scBAT can be determined in mice.

Here, we provide a practical procedure for dissecting and performing histological and gene expression analyses of murine supraclavicular brown adipose tissue.

Brown adipose tissue (BAT)-mediated thermogenesis plays an important role in the regulation of metabolism, and its morphology and function can be greatly ...