Name: intracranial orthotopic allografting of medulloblastoma cells in immunocompromised mice
Uploaded: 2010-10-03T17:00:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Intracranial Orthotopic Allografting of Medulloblastoma Cells in Immunocompromised Mice at JoVE.com

<p class="jove_content">This study was supported by grants from the Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center Support Grant (P30 CA068485), the Childhood Brain Tumor Foundation and the National Institutes of Health (NS042205).</p>

<p class="jove_title">1. Micro-dissection of Tumor-bearing Cerebellum and Dissociation of Tumor Tissue</p>
<ol>
<li><strong>Retrieval of tumor tissue</strong>
<ol>
<li> Sick mice bearing medulloblastoma are often runted, and display hydrocephaly and typical neurological symptoms, including posterior paralysis and failure to regain posture when overturned.  To retrieve tumor tissue, euthanize mice by carbon dioxide inhalation. It is imporant not to perform cervical dislocation, a procedure that generates pressure to the posterior skull and can c...

<ol>
	<li>Schuller, U. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Acquisition+of+granule+neuron+precursor+identity+is+a+critical+determinant+of+progenitor+cell+competence+to+form+Shh-induced+medulloblastoma.">Acquisition of granule neuron precursor identity is a critical determinant of progenitor cell competence to form Shh-induced medulloblastoma.</a> <em style='font-style: italic'>Cancer Cell</em>. <b>14</b>, 123-134 (2008).</li><li>Yang, Z. J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Medulloblastoma+can+be+initiated+by+deletion+of+Patched+in+lineage-restricted+progenitors+or+stem+cells.">Medulloblastoma can be initiated by deletion of Patched in lineage-restricted progenitors or stem cells.</a> <em style='font-style: italic'>Cancer Cell</em>. <b>14</b>, 135-145 (2008).</li><li>Kessler, J. D. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=N-myc+alters+the+fate+of+preneoplastic+cells+in+a+mouse+model+of+medulloblastoma.">N-myc alters the fate of preneoplastic cells in a mouse model of medulloblastoma.</a> <em style='font-style: italic'>Genes Dev</em>. <b>23</b>, 157-170 (2009).</li><li>Flora, A., Klisch, T. J., Schuster, G., Zoghbi, H. Y., Y, H. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Deletion+of+Atoh1+disrupts+Sonic+Hedgehog+signaling+in+the+developing+cerebellum+and+prevents+medulloblastoma.">Deletion of Atoh1 disrupts Sonic Hedgehog signaling in the developing cerebellum and prevents medulloblastoma.</a> <em style='font-style: italic'>Science</em>. <b>326</b>, 1424-1427 (2009).</li><li>Salsano, E. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Expression+of+the+neurogenic+basic+helix-loop-helix+transcription+factor+NEUROG1+identifies+a+subgroup+of+medulloblastomas+not+expressing+ATOH1.">Expression of the neurogenic basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor NEUROG1 identifies a subgroup of medulloblastomas not expressing ATOH1.</a> <em style='font-style: italic'>Neuro Oncol</em>. <b>9</b>, 298-307 (2007).</li></ol>

<p class="jove_content">Several critical factors to ensure successful medulloblastoma cell allografting that yields secondary tumor formation are as follows: First, use only 50% Accutase for tissue dissociation and do not over-digest the tissue as prolonged enzyme treatment leads to significant reduction in cell viability. Also use only the 1 mL size Pipetman as smaller tips can also generate physical damage to the dissociated cells. It is fine to have a mixture of single cells and small aggregates for allografting.  Second, mix and equilibrate...

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		<table border="1">
		<thead>
		<tr>
		<th>Material Name</th>
		<th>Type</th>
		<th>Company</th>
		<th>Catalogue Number</th>
		<th>Comment</th>
		</tr>
		</thead>
		<tbody>
		
<tr>
<td>Neurobasal medium</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Invitrogen</td>
<td>21103049</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<tr>
<td>hEGF</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Invitrogen</td>
<td>PHG0311</td>
<td>25ng/ml</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>bFGF</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Invitrogen</td>
<td>PHG0023</td>
<td>25ng/ml</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>N2</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Invitrogen</td>
<td>17502048</td>
<td>1X</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>B27(-RA)</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Invitrogen</td>
<td>12587010</td>
<td>1X</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Accutase</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Invitrogen</td>
<td>A1110501</td>
<td>50% </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Glutamine</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Invitrogen</td>
<td>25030081</td>
<td>2mM</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Stereotaxic instrument</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Stoelting </td>
<td>51730</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<tr>
<td>Foredom flexible shaft drill, hang-up style</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Stoelting </td>
<td>58650</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<tr>
<td>Large probe holder</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Stoelting </td>
<td>51633</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<tr>
<td>10 &mu;L syringe, 26 ga., bevel tip</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Stoelting </td>
<td>51105</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<tr>
<td>Drill bit .75mm</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Stoelting</td>
<td>51455-3</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>		</tbody>
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intracranial orthotopic allografting of medulloblastoma cells in immunocompromised mice

<p class="jove_content">Medulloblastoma is the most common pediatric tumor of the nervous system. A large body of animal studies has focused on cerebellar granule neuron precursors (CGNPs) as the cell-of-origin for medulloblastoma<sup>1-4</sup>. However, the diverse clinical presentations of medulloblastoma subtypes in human patients (nodular, desmoplastic, classical and large cell/anaplastic), and the fact that medulloblastoma is found in a subset of human patients with no ectopic expression of CGNP marker<sup>5</sup>, suggest that the cellular and molecular origins of medulloblastoma are more complex and far from being completely deciphered. Therefore, it is essential to determine whether there is an alternative medulloblastoma tumor cell-of-origin based on which cell-type specific therapeutic modality can be developed. To this end, intracranial orthotopic allografting of genetically marked tumor cell types followed by subsequent analyses of secondary tumor development in recipients will allow determination of the cellular origin of tumor-initiating cells.  Here we describe the experimental protocol for intracranial orthotopic allografting of medulloblastoma cells derived from primary tumor tissue, and this procedure can also be used for transplanting cells from established cell lines.</p>

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Intracranial Orthotopic Allografting of Medulloblastoma Cells in Immunocompromised Mice at JoVE.com

Intracranial Orthotopic Allografting of Medulloblastoma Cells in Immunocompromised Mice

<p class="jove_content">This protocol describes the isolation and dissociation of mouse medulloblastoma tissue, and subsequent allografting of the tumor cells into immunocompromised recipient mice in order to initiate secondary medulloblastoma. </p>

Medulloblastoma is the most common pediatric tumor of the nervous system. A large body of animal studies has focused on cerebellar granule neuron ...

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