我们要感谢从VR魔术瓦伊勒阿布萨尔瓦多博士Gendy，视频剪辑，克莱门斯瓦格纳博士为他的道义上的支持。作者个人的资金。

1。目的为了证明一个囊救援技术的径向撕裂，使用一个虚拟现实的白内障手术模拟器和人眼的一个cystotome。 2。方法当囊，开始转向对超越瞳孔缘周围呈放射状以下步骤应毫不拖延地应用。 <ol><li>停止进一步囊机动和重新评估有关情况。 </li><li>填充的眼科viscosurgical设备（OVD）前房。我们建议安装cystotome注射器含有OVD使前房可以reinflated迅速。 </li><li>囊瓣，然后离开展现在镜头表面。 </li><li> cystotome尖端水平倾斜，以避免切割或穿刺瓣和从事皮瓣撕裂的前沿附近，但不要太靠近点撕裂。 </li><li>轻轻推或拉撕裂对面的领先优势，撕裂方向。 </li><li>领先的撕裂边缘会开始做一个"掉头"。保持直到撕裂的边缘返回所需的轨迹上皮瓣紧张。 </li></ol> 3。结果使用我们的技术，外科医生可以立即响应，径向撕裂了，而无需改变手术器械。改变在这一关键阶段的手术​​器械的运行风险进一步径向撕裂由于玻璃体向前的压力突然前房变浅。我们的技术也有减少角膜伤口失真和随后的前房塌陷的优势。

<ol>
	<li>Little, B. C., Smith, J. H., Packer, M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=.">.</a> J Cataract Refract Surg. 32 (9), 1420-1422 (2006).</li><li>Neuhann, T. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Theorie+und+Operationstechnik+der+Kapsulorhexis.">Theorie und Operationstechnik der Kapsulorhexis.</a> Klin Monatsbl Augenheilkd. 190, 542-545 (1987).</li><li>Gimbel, H. V., Neuhann, T. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Development,+advantages+and+methods+of+the+continuous+circular+capsulorhexis+technique.">Development, advantages and methods of the continuous circular capsulorhexis technique.</a> J Cataract Refract Surg. 16, 31-37 (1990).</li><li>Gimbel, H. V., Neuhann, T. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Continuous+curvilinear+capsulorhexis.+(letter).">Continuous curvilinear capsulorhexis. (letter).</a> J Cataract Refract Sur. 17, 110-111 (1991).</li><li>Gimbel, H. V. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Evolving+techniques+of+cataract+surgery:+continuous+curvilinear+capsulorhexis,+down-slope+sculpting,+and+nucleofractis.">Evolving techniques of cataract surgery: continuous curvilinear capsulorhexis, down-slope sculpting, and nucleofractis.</a> Semin Ophthalmol. 7, 193-207 (1992).</li></ol>

EYESI手术模拟器是一个现实的外科医生的培训平台，实践的复杂囊撕裂技术。撕囊的超声乳化和endocapsular人工晶状体植入手术是最重要和最复杂的部分。一个白内障手术的成功取决于实现一个很好的囊。在囊中，外科医生可能会面对一个具有挑战性的情况像一个囊径向撕裂。一位外科医生必须学会及时解决的问题，使情况变得更糟。已被描述的抢救情况的一些其他方法，使用囊钳。然而，我们相?...

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" lang="en">	
		
		<div>
		<table border="1">
		<thead>
		<tr>
		<th>Material Name</th>
		<th>Type</th>
		<th>Company</th>
		<th>Catalogue Number</th>
		<th>Comment</th>
		</tr>
		</thead>
		<tbody>
		
<tr>
<td>0.06% Trypan Blue</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>DORC International</td>
<td>NEC0011(Clinic cat.)</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<tr>
<td>EyeSi Cataract surgery simulator</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>VRMagic</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>		</tbody>
		</table>
		</div>

a novel technique of rescuing capsulorhexis radial tear-out using a cystotome

第1部分:目的:为了证明一个囊救援技术的径向撕裂，使用一个虚拟现实的白内障手术模拟器和人眼的一个cystotome。第2部分:方法:步骤:当一个囊，开始转向对超越瞳孔缘周围呈放射状以下步骤应毫不拖延地应用。 2.1）停止进一步的囊回旋，重新评估有关情况。 2.2）填写眼科viscosurgical装置（OVD）前房。我们建议安装cystotome注射器含有OVD使前房可以reinflated迅速。 2.3），然后离开囊瓣展现在镜头表面。 2.4）cystotome提示是倾斜的水平，以避免切割或穿刺瓣和从事皮瓣撕裂的前沿附近，但不要太靠近点撕裂。 2.5），轻轻推或拉撕裂对面的领先优势，撕裂方向。 2.6）领先的撕裂边缘会开始做一个"掉头"。保持直到撕裂的边缘返回所需的轨迹上皮瓣紧张。第3部分:结果:使用我们的技术，医生可以立即响应径向撕裂了，而无需改变手术器械。改变在这一关键阶段的手术​​器械的运行风险进一步径向撕裂由于玻璃体向前的压力突然前房变浅。我们的技术也有减少角膜伤口失真和随后的前房塌陷的优势。第4部分:讨论EYESI手术模拟器是一个现实的外科医生的培训平台，实践的复杂囊撕裂技术。撕囊的超声乳化和endocapsular人工晶状体植入手术是最重要和最复杂的部分。一个白内障手术的成功取决于实现一个很好的囊。在囊中，外科医生可能会面对一个具有挑战性的情况像一个囊径向撕裂。一位外科医生必须学会及时解决的问题，使情况变得更糟。已被描述的抢救情况的一些其他方法，使用囊钳。然而，我们相信我们的方法更快，更有效和更容易操纵EYESi手术模拟器和人眼的证明。鸣谢:名单确认和资金来源。我们要感谢瓦伊勒阿布萨尔瓦多博士Gendy，视频剪辑。披露:描述我们什么都没有披露的潜在的利益冲突或状态。参考文献:1。布赖恩C.小，珍妮弗史密斯，马克派克。中华眼科杂志2006; 32:1420 1422，发行9。 2。 Neuhann T. Theorie和Operationstechnik DER Kapsulorhexis。克林Monatsbl Augenheilkd。 1987年，1990:542-545。 3。金贝尔高压，Neuhann T.发展，连续环形撕囊技术的优势和方法。国际眼科杂志。 1990年，16:31-37。 4。金贝尔高压，Neuhann T.连续环形撕囊。 （函）眼科苏尔。 1991年，17:110-111。

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about A Novel Technique of Rescuing Capsulorhexis Radial Tear-out using a Cystotome at JoVE.com

A Novel Technique of Rescuing Capsulorhexis Radial Tear-out using a Cystotome

撕囊是超声乳化手术中的重要一步。一位外科医生创建一个控制撕裂载体部队的晶状体前囊膜连续环形撕撕。一个外围扩展的撕裂是一种严重的并发症。本视频演示了新技术的使用cystotome抢救出囊径向撕裂。

径向的抢救囊撕式的新技术，使用一个Cystotome

Part 1 : Purpose:   To demonstrate a capsulorhexis radial tear out rescue technique using a cystotome on a virtual reality cataract surgery simulator and ...

a-novel-technique-rescuing-capsulorhexis-radial-tear-out-using

Research

JoVE Journal

Medicine

13.2K 次观看.  Hairmyres Hospital, NHS Lanarkshire. 撕囊是超声乳化手术中的重要一步。一位外科医生创建一个控制撕裂载体部队的晶状体前囊膜连续环形撕撕。一个外围扩展的撕裂是一种严重的并发症。本视频演示了新技术的使用cystotome抢救出囊径向撕裂。

视频: A Novel Technique of Rescuing Capsulorhexis Radial Tear-out using a Cystotome

A Novel Rescue Technique for Difficult Intubation and Difficult Ventilation

We describe a novel non surgical technique to maintain oxygenation and ventilation in a case of difficult intubation and difficult ventilation, which works especially well with poor mask fit.
Can not intubate, can not ventilate" (CICV) is a potentially life threatening situation. In this video we present a simulation of the technique we used in a case of CICV where oxygenation and ventilation were maintained by inserting an endotracheal tube (ETT) nasally down to the level of the naso-pharynx while sealing the mouth and nares for successful positive pressure ventilation.
A 13 year old patient was taken to the operating room for incision and drainage of a neck abcess and direct laryngobronchoscopy. After preoxygenation, anesthesia was induced intravenously. Mask ventilation was found to be extremely difficult because of the swelling of the soft tissue. The face mask could not fit properly on the face due to significant facial swelling as well. A direct laryngoscopy was attempted with no visualization of the larynx. Oxygen saturation was difficult to maintain, with saturations falling to 80%. In order to oxygenate and ventilate the patient, an endotracheal tube was then inserted nasally after nasal spray with nasal decongestant and lubricant. The tube was pushed gently and blindly into the hypopharynx. The mouth and nose of the patient were sealed by hand and positive pressure ventilation was possible with 100% O2 with good oxygen saturation during that period of time. Once the patient was stable and well sedated, a rigid bronchoscope was introduced by the otolaryngologist showing extensive subglottic and epiglottic edema, and a mass effect from the abscess, contributing to the airway compromise. The airway was secured with an ETT tube by the otolaryngologist.This video will show a simulation of the technique on a patient undergoing general anesthesia for dental restorations.

We describe a technique to maintain oxygenation and ventilation using an endotracheal tube inserted nasally to the level of the naso-pharynx while sealing the mouth and nares for successful positive pressure ventilation.

一个新型插管困难和困难通风救援技术

We describe a novel non surgical technique to maintain oxygenation and ventilation in a case of difficult intubation and difficult ventilation, which ...

科研

医学

A Novel Capsulorhexis Technique Using Shearing Forces with Cystotome

Purpose:
To demonstrate a capsulorhexis technique using predominantly shearing forces with a cystotome on a virtual reality simulator and on a human eye.
Method:
Our technique involves creating the initial anterior capsular tear with a cystotome to raise a flap. The flap left unfolded on the lens surface. The cystotome tip is tilted horizontally and is engaged on the flap near the leading edge of the tear. The cystotome is moved in a circular fashion to direct the vector forces. The loose flap is constantly swept towards the centre so that it does not obscure the view on the tearing edge.
Results:
Our technique has the advantage of reducing corneal wound distortion and subsequent anterior chamber collapse. The capsulorhexis flap is moved away from the tear leading edge allowing better visualisation of the direction of tear. This technique offers superior control of the capsulorhexis by allowing the surgeon to change the direction of the tear to achieve the desired capsulorhexis size.
Conclusions:
The EYESI Surgical Simulator is a realistic training platform for surgeons to practice complex capsulorhexis techniques. The shearing forces technique is a suitable alternative and in some cases a far better technique in achieving the desired capsulorhexis.

This video demonstrates a novel capsulorhexis technique in modern cataract surgery. Capsulorhexis is the most difficult and important part of phacoemulsification surgery.

一种新型撕囊技术，使用剪切力与Cystotome

Purpose:
To demonstrate a capsulorhexis technique using predominantly shearing forces with a cystotome on a virtual reality simulator and on a human eye....

Corneal Confocal Microscopy: A Novel Non-invasive Technique to Quantify Small Fibre Pathology in Peripheral Neuropathies

The accurate quantification of peripheral neuropathy is important to define at risk patients, anticipate deterioration, and assess new therapies. Conventional methods assess neurological deficits and electrophysiology and quantitative sensory testing quantifies functional alterations to detect neuropathy. However, the earliest damage appears to be to the small fibres and yet these tests primarily assess large fibre dysfunction and have a limited ability to demonstrate regeneration and repair. The only techniques which allow a direct examination of unmyelinated nerve fibre damage and repair are sural nerve biopsy with electron microscopy and skin-punch biopsy. However, both are invasive procedures and require lengthy laboratory procedures and considerable expertise. Corneal Confocal microscopy is a non-invasive clinical technique which provides in-vivo imaging of corneal nerve fibres. We have demonstrated early nerve damage, which precedes loss of intraepidermal nerve fibres in skin biopsies together with stratification of neuropathic severity and repair following pancreas transplantation in diabetic patients. We have also demonstrated nerve damage in idiopathic small fibre neuropathy and Fabry's disease.

Corneal Confocal microscopy is a non-invasive clinical technique which may be used to quantify C fibre damage to diagnose and stratify patients with increasing neuropathic severity.

角膜共聚焦显微镜:一种新型的非侵入性技术来量化小纤维病变周围神经病变

The accurate quantification of peripheral neuropathy is important to define at risk patients, anticipate deterioration, and assess new therapies. ...

A Novel Application of Musculoskeletal Ultrasound Imaging

Ultrasound is an attractive modality for imaging muscle and tendon motion during dynamic tasks and can provide a complementary methodological approach for biomechanical studies in a clinical or laboratory setting. Towards this goal, methods for quantification of muscle kinematics from ultrasound imagery are being developed based on image processing. The temporal resolution of these methods is typically not sufficient for highly dynamic tasks, such as drop-landing. We propose a new approach that utilizes a Doppler method for quantifying muscle kinematics. We have developed a novel vector tissue Doppler imaging (vTDI) technique that can be used to measure musculoskeletal contraction velocity, strain and strain rate with sub-millisecond temporal resolution during dynamic activities using ultrasound. The goal of this preliminary study was to investigate the repeatability and potential applicability of the vTDI technique in measuring musculoskeletal velocities during a drop-landing task, in healthy subjects. The vTDI measurements can be performed concurrently with other biomechanical techniques, such as 3D motion capture for joint kinematics and kinetics, electromyography for timing of muscle activation and force plates for ground reaction force. Integration of these complementary techniques could lead to a better understanding of dynamic muscle function and dysfunction underlying the pathogenesis and pathophysiology of musculoskeletal disorders.

We describe a new ultrasound-based vector tissue Doppler imaging technique to measure muscle contraction velocity, strain and strain rate with sub-millisecond temporal resolution during dynamic activities. This approach provides complementary measurements of dynamic muscle function and could lead to a better understanding of mechanisms underlying musculoskeletal disorders.

肌肉骨骼超声成像的一种新应用

Ultrasound is an attractive modality for imaging muscle and tendon  motion during dynamic tasks and can provide a complementary methodological  approach ...

Circumscribed Capsular Infarct Modeling Using a Photothrombotic Technique

Recent increase in the prevalence rate of white matter stroke demands specific research in the field. However, the lack of a pertinent animal model for white matter stroke has hampered research investigations. Here, we describe a novel method for creating a circumscribed capsular infarct that minimizes damage to neighboring gray matter structures. We used pre-surgery neural tracing with adeno-associated virus-green fluorescent protein (AAV-GFP) to identify somatotopic organization of the forelimb area within the internal capsule. The adjustment of light intensity based on different optical properties of gray and white matter contributes to selective destruction of white matter with relative preservation of gray matter. Accurate positioning of optical-neural interface enables destruction of entire forelimb area in the internal capsule, which leads to a marked and persistent motor deficit. Thus, this technique produces highly replicable capsular infarct lesions with a persistent motor deficit. The model will be helpful not only to study white matter stroke (WMS) at the behavioral, circuit, and cellular levels, but also to assess its usefulness for development of new therapeutic and rehabilitative interventions.

This manuscript describes a modeling technique of capsular infarct. Here we utilized a modified photothrombotic technique with low intensity of light after pre-surgery target mapping. Using this technique, we created a circumscribed capsular infarct model with persistent motor impairment.

外切囊梗死模型使用光化学技术

Recent increase in the prevalence rate of white matter stroke demands specific research in the field. However, the lack of a pertinent animal model for ...

A Detailed Protocol for Perspiration Monitoring Using a Novel, Small, Wireless Device

Perspiration monitoring can be utilized for the detection of certain diseases, such as thermoregulation and mental disorders, particularly when the patients are unaware of such disorders or are having difficulty expressing their symptoms. Until now, several devices for perspiration monitoring have been developed; however, such devices tend to have a relatively large exterior, considerable power consumption, and/or less sensitivity.
Recently, we developed a small, wireless device for perspiration monitoring. The device consists of a temperature/relative humidity (T/RH) sensor, battery-driven small data logger, and silica gel as a desiccant in a small cylindrical exterior. The T/RH sensor is placed between the detection windows (through which the water vapor from the skin enters) and the silica gel. The underlying principle of the perspiration monitoring device is based on Fick&#39;s law of diffusion, which means that water vapor flux from the skin to the silica gel (i.e.&#160;transepidermal water loss and perspiration) can be captured by change in humidity at the T/RH sensor. In addition, a baseline subtraction method was adopted to distinguish perspiration and transepidermal water loss.
As shown in the previous report, the developed device can monitor the perspiration at any sites of the body in an easy, wireless manner. However, detailed methods of how to use the device have not been disclosed yet. In this article, therefore, we would like to show the point-by-point tutorials of how to use the device for perspiration monitoring, by showing the sympathetic activity test with the sympathetic skin response monitoring as an example.

Recently, we developed a small wireless device for perspiration monitoring. In this article, we present detailed protocols on how to use the device for perspiration monitoring with an example of the sympathetic activity test.

详细的汗渍监控协议使用一种新的，小的，无线设备

Perspiration monitoring can be utilized for the detection of certain diseases, such as thermoregulation and mental disorders, particularly when the ...

Using the Sleeve Technique in a Mouse Model of Aortic Transplantation - An Instructional Video

Orthotopic aortic transplantation using the sleeve technique reduces injury to the aorta with failure rate of only 10-20%. The time to anastomose the aorta in mice using the sleeve method was short and easy averaging 20 min, permitting studies of iso/allo grafts. The following article describes the aortic transplantation procedure used in our laboratory. The mice were anesthetized with a mixture of 1.5% volume isoflurane and 100% oxygen through a face mask. At this point, the segment of the aorta between the renal arteries and its bifurcation was separated from the vena cava, freely prepared and clampedat the proximal and distal segments with a single silk suture. Prior to the removal of the aorta, a saline solution containing heparin was injected into the inferior vena cava. Then the aorta was cut between the clamps and a saline heparin solution was used to flush the lumen. The sleeve technique with monofilament sutures was used in order to transplant the abdominal aorta in the orthotopic position.

We present an orthotopic aortic transplantation model using the sleeve technique in mice. It is a very rapid anastomosis method, which can be employed in studies of vascular disease.

套筒技术在主动脉移植小鼠模型中的应用-教学视频

Orthotopic aortic transplantation using the sleeve technique reduces injury to the aorta with failure rate of only 10-20%. The time to anastomose the ...

Minimally Invasive Muscle Embedding (MIME) - A Novel Experimental Technique to Facilitate Donor-Cell-Mediated Myogenesis

Skeletal muscle possesses regenerative capacity due to tissue-resident, muscle-fiber-generating (myogenic) satellite cells (SCs), which can form new muscle fibers under the right conditions. Although SCs can be harvested from muscle tissue and cultured in vitro, the resulting myoblast cells are not very effective in promoting myogenesis when transplanted into host muscle. Surgically exposing the host muscle and grafting segments of donor muscle tissue, or the isolated muscle fibers with their SCs onto host muscle, promotes better myogenesis compared to myoblast transplantation. We have developed a novel technique that we call Minimally Invasive Muscle Embedding (MIME). MIME involves passing a surgical needle through the host muscle, drawing a piece of donor muscle tissue through the needle track, and then leaving the donor tissue embedded in the host muscle so that it may act as a source of SCs for the host muscle. Here we describe in detail the steps involved in performing MIME in an immunodeficient mouse model that expresses a green fluorescent protein (GFP) in all of its cells. Immunodeficiency in the host mouse reduces the risk of immune rejection of the donor tissue, and GFP expression enables easy identification of the host muscle fibers (GFP+) and donor-cell-derived muscle fibers (GFP-). Our pilot data suggest that MIME can be used to implant an extensor digitorum longus (EDL) muscle from a donor mouse into the tibialis anterior (TA) muscle of a host mouse. Our data also suggest that when a myotoxin (barium chloride, BaCl2) is injected into the host muscle after MIME, there is evidence of donor-cell-derived myogenesis in the host muscle, with approximately 5%, 26%, 26% and 43% of the fibers in a single host TA muscle showing no host contribution, minimal host contribution, moderate host contribution, and maximal host contribution, respectively.

Minimally Invasive Muscle Embedding MIME - A Novel Experimental Technique to Facilitate Donor-Cell-Mediated Myogenesis

We describe a novel experimental technique that we call Minimally Invasive Muscle Embedding (MIME), which is based on the evidence that skeletal muscle tissue contains viable myogenic cells that can facilitate donor-cell-mediated myogenesis when implanted into a host muscle.

微创肌肉植入 (MIME)--一种促进供体细胞介导的肌的新实验技术

Skeletal muscle possesses regenerative capacity due to tissue-resident, muscle-fiber-generating (myogenic) satellite cells (SCs), which can form new ...

Cardiopulmonary Bypass in a Mouse Model: A Novel Approach

As prolonged cardiopulmonary bypass becomes more essential during cardiac interventions, an increasing clinical demand arises for procedure optimization and for minimizing organ damage resulting from prolonged extracorporal circulation. The goal of this paper was to demonstrate a fully functional and clinically relevant model of cardiopulmonary bypass in a mouse. We report on the device design, perfusion circuit optimization, and microsurgical techniques. This model is an acute model, which is not compatible with survival due to the need for multiple blood drawings. Because of the range of tools available for mice (e.g., markers, knockouts, etc.), this model will facilitate investigation into the molecular mechanisms of organ damage and the effect of cardiopulmonary bypass in relation to other comorbidities.

This paper describes how to perform cardiopulmonary bypass in mice. This novel model will facilitate the investigation of the molecular mechanisms involved in organ damage.

小鼠体外循环模型: 一种新方法

As prolonged cardiopulmonary bypass becomes more essential during cardiac interventions, an increasing clinical demand arises for procedure optimization ...

A Rat Model of Orthotopic Liver Transplantation Using a Novel Magnetic Anastomosis Technique for Suprahepatic Vena Cava Reconstruction

The rat model of orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) is essential for transplant research. It is a very sophisticated animal model and requires a steep learning curve. The introduction of the cuff technique for anastomosis of the portal vein (PV) and infrahepatic vena cava (IHVC) has significantly simplified the transplant procedure in rats. However, due to the short anterior wall of the recipients' suprahepatic vena cava (SHVC), the cuff technique is very difficult to use for the reconstruction of the SHVC. Most researchers in this field still use the hand-suture technique for SHVC reconstruction, which makes it the bottleneck step in rat orthotopic liver transplantation. The magnetic anastomosis technique (i.e., magnamosis) is a method of connecting two vessels using the attractive force between two magnets. Our recent study has shown that the magnetic anastomosis technique is superior to the hand-suture technique for SHVC reconstruction in rats. In this article, we show a step-by-step protocol for SHVC reconstruction in rats using the novel magnetic anastomosis technique. In this model, the reconstruction of the PV and IHVC was performed by the standard cuff technique, while the reconstruction of the bile duct (BD) was performed by a stent technique. The hepatic re-arterialization was not performed. The magnetic anastomosis technique made SHVC reconstruction much easier and significantly shortened the anphepatic phase. After a reasonable learning curve, even researchers without advanced microsurgical skills can produce reliable and reproducible results using this rat model of OLT.

The reconstruction of the suprahepatic vena cava (SHVC) remains a difficult step in rat orthotopic liver transplantation. In this article, we show a step-by-step protocol for SHVC reconstruction in rats using a novel magnetic anastomosis technique.

应用新型磁吻合技术 Suprahepatic 腔静脉重建大鼠原位肝移植模型的研究

The rat model of orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) is essential for transplant research. It is a very sophisticated animal model and requires a steep ...