<h2 class="jove_title"><a href="https://www.jove.com/video/3122">Selection of Plasmodium falciparum Parasites for Cytoadhesion to Human Brain Endothelial Cells</a></h2>
Antoine Claessens, J. Alexandra Rowe Centre for Immunity, Infection and Evolution, University of Edinburgh
An in vitro model for cerebral malaria sequestration is described1. Plasmodium falciparum infected red blood cells are selected for binding to immortalized human brain microvascular endothelial cells. The selected parasites show a distinct phenotype. The selection process can be applied using various P. falciparum strains and endothelial cell lines.
<h2 class="jove_title"><a href="https://www.jove.com/video/3308">Implantation of a Carotid Cuff for Triggering Shear-stress Induced Atherosclerosis in Mice</a></h2>
Michael T. Kuhlmann1, Simon Cuhlmann2, 3, Irmgard Hoppe1, Rob Krams3, Paul C. Evans2, Gustav J. Strijkers4, Klaas Nicolay4, Sven Hermann1, Michael Sch&#228;fers1 1European Institute for Molecular Imaging, Westf&#228;lische Wilhelms-University M&#252;nster, 2British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Sciences Unit, Imperial College London , 3Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London , 4Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology
The constricting cuff presented in this article is designed to induce atherosclerosis in the murine common carotid artery. Due to the conical shape of its inner lumen the implanted cuff generates well-defined regions of low, high and oscillatory shear stress triggering the development of atherosclerotic lesions of different inflammatory phenotypes.
<h2 class="jove_title"><a href="https://www.jove.com/video/3330">Analysis of Trunk Neural Crest Cell Migration using a Modified Zigmond Chamber Assay</a></h2>
Christopher C. Walheim1, Juan Pablo Zanin2, Maria Elena de Bellard1 1Department of Biology, California State University, Northridge, 2Centro de Biolog&#237;a Celular y Molecular, Universidad Nacional de C&#243;rdoba
An approach to analyze the migration of explanted cells (trunk neural crest cells) is described. This method is inexpensive, gentle, and capable of distinguishing chemotaxis from both chemokinesis and other influences on migratory polarity such as those derived from cell-cell interactions within the primary trunk neural crest cell culture.
<h2 class="jove_title"><a href="https://www.jove.com/video/3350">Organotypic Slice Cultures of Embryonic Ventral Midbrain: A System to Study Dopaminergic Neuronal Development in vitro</a></h2>
Gabriela Oana Bodea, Sandra Blaess Institute of Reconstructive Neurobiology, University of Bonn
A method to generate organotypic slices from the E12.5 murine embryonic midbrain is described. The organotypic slice cultures can be used to observe the behavior of dopaminergic neurons or other ventral midbrain neurons.
<h2 class="jove_title"><a href="https://www.jove.com/video/3362">Visualization of Caenorhabditis elegans Cuticle Structures using the Lipophilic Vital Dye, DiI</a></h2>
Robbie D. Schultz1, 2, Tina L. Gumienny2 1Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Texas A&#38;M University System Health Science Center, 2Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Texas A&#38;M University System Health Science Center, College of Medicine
We present a method to visualize cuticle in live C. elegans using the red fluorescent lipophilic dye DiI (1,1'-dioctadecyl-3,3,3',3'-tetramethylindocarbocyanine perchlorate), which is commonly used in C. elegans to visualize environmentally exposed neurons. With this optimized protocol, alae and annular cuticular structures are stained by DiI and observed using compound microscopy.
<h2 class="jove_title"><a href="https://www.jove.com/video/3406">A Protocol for Detecting and Scavenging Gas-phase Free Radicals in Mainstream Cigarette Smoke</a></h2>
Long-Xi Yu1, Boris G. Dzikovski2, Jack H. Freed3, 2 1CDCF-AOX Lab, 2National Biomedical Center for Advanced ESR Technology (ACERT), Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, 3ACERT Research, Center Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Baker Laboratory, Cornell University
Spin-trapping ESR spectroscopy was used to study the effect of plant antioxidants lycopene, pycnogenol and grape seed extract on scavenging gas-phase free radicals in cigarette smoke.
<h2 class="jove_title"><a href="https://www.jove.com/video/3417">How to Measure Cortical Folding from MR Images: A Step-by-step Tutorial to Compute Local Gyrification Index</a></h2>
Marie Schaer1, Meritxell Bach Cuadra2, 3, Nick Schmansky4, Bruce Fischl4, Jean-Philippe Thiran2, Stephan Eliez1 1Department of Psychiatry, University of Geneva School of Medicine, 2Signal Processing Laboratory, &#201;cole Polytechnique F&#233;d&#233;rale de Lausanne, 3Department of Radiology, University Hospital Center and University of Lausanne, 4Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital
Measuring gyrification (cortical folding) at any age represents a window into early brain development. Hence, we previously developed an algorithm to measure local gyrification at thousands of points over the hemisphere1. In this paper, we detail the computation of this local gyrification index.
<h2 class="jove_title"><a href="https://www.jove.com/video/3551">The Use of Thermal Infra-Red Imaging to Detect Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness</a></h2>
Hani H. Al-Nakhli1, Jerrold S. Petrofsky1, 2, Michael S. Laymon2, Lee S. Berk1 1Loma Linda University, 2Azusa Pacific University
The purpose of this investigation was to assess whether using an infra-red thermal camera is a valid tool for detecting and quantifying the muscle soreness after exercising.

january 2012: this month in jove

可视化实验杂志"（朱庇特）开始至2012年出版其第1500条，其中自由激进的香烟烟雾成分分析方法的重点。虽然烟焦油被认为是香烟烟雾中的致癌剂，自由基是众所周知的致癌分子，而这些一级致癌物在香烟烟雾中，是目前已知。在这篇文章中采用的方法相结合的一个单端口的吸烟设备，模拟香烟吞云吐雾，电子自旋共振（ESR）光谱，技术，措施自由基的未成对电子发出的旋转能量，的使用。本文中使用的设备单端口吸烟的一个重要修改，是在前面的自旋捕集液氮陷阱的介绍。液态氮去除香烟烟雾中的水蒸气，大大提高了结果的ESR谱。 除了测量香烟烟雾中的自由基浓度，植物抗氧化剂被引入到修改过的香烟过滤嘴，并获得通过这些过滤器的香烟烟雾中的ESR谱。葡萄籽提取物，番茄红素，观察有最显著的清除自由基的作用，如果成本的有效手段，包括香烟过滤嘴，这些分子可以开发，可以创造危害较小的卷烟。 朱庇特的临床和转化医学，提出了一个用于确定本地Gyrification指数（LGI）的分析方法 - 皮质折叠程度的测量。皮质褶皱发展，在最初的几个产后个月，并在这段时间内的不良事件可导致大脑的表面解剖，最终可能与神经精神障碍相关的异常。 计算的本地Gyrification指数开发的分析工具是神父eesurfer，它可以转换成三维重建的皮质T1加权磁共振成像扫描。创建单独的重建是灰色/白色的母校和灰色/软脑膜接口，这是前computating的LGI手动调整。平滑操作之后，软脑膜和灰色/白色表面的圆形区域比较，以计算LGI在整个大脑的千点。 Freesurfer使得直接gyrification分析和临床医生和脑科学家，谁是在正常和疾病状态下的不同个体之间的比较皮质折叠程度有兴趣的。 朱庇特的免疫和感染月份的文章继续该杂志的出版载体出生疾病的研究前沿方法的传统。具体来说，本文将朱庇特的疟疾研究协议的全面收集，扩大我们的图书馆脑型疟疾 - 一种破坏性与儿童的高易感性的条件。简单地说，此协议涉及到培养皿中传代，一个人的大脑血管内皮细胞单层，暴露的恶性疟原虫感染的红细胞。以下步骤的清洗和丰富，产量高的寄生虫，它携带感染大脑的潜力，可以分离和进一步的特点。 在神经科学，朱庇特展示了研究神经嵴细胞的迁移的方法。这些细胞是一过性，多能，发展的细胞类型，除了成为神经组织，分化成平滑肌，嗜铬细胞，cartiliage，和骨。鸡胚精心准备，使躯干区域可以分离并切除过夜培养的神经管纤维连接蛋白涂层的盖玻片，使神经嵴细胞从神经管移民。去除神经管，盖玻片培养的神经嵴细胞被转移到一个修改Zigmond室 - 一腔，使跨文化成立一个公认的趋化剂的浓度梯度。 Timelapes成像其次是细胞运动轨迹的分析，是用来评估装入zigmund室分子趋化潜力，洞察提供了分子线索，这一重要的发展类型的细胞迁移指导。 这些功能的文章，包括五十四1月发布的视频协议。其他著名的文章，包括C.角质层结构可视化的方法线虫，热成像迟发性肌肉酸痛，培养腹脑器官切片，并诱导小鼠动脉粥样硬化。

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about January 2012: This Month in JoVE at JoVE.com

January 2012: This Month in JoVE

这在朱庇特一月

The Journal of Visualized Experiments (JoVE) begins 2012 by publishing its 1500th article, which focuses on a method for analyzing the free radical ...

Research

JoVE Journal

Biology

视频: January 2012: This Month in JoVE

August 2012: This Month in JoVE

Traditional microscopy requires lens objectives to magnify specimens, and can involve numerous optical components like additional objectives, filters, and mirrors to refract and direct light to optical sensors. The August 2012 issue of JoVE (Journal of Visualized Experiments) is marked by the third publication from the Ozcan Lab (University of California, Los Angeles) on their lens free lens-free "on-chip" microscopy platform, which they have pioneered.
Back in 2009, the Ozcan lab published their first article, which demonstrated the use of a lens-free imaging platform that could image cells within whole blood. This imaging technique involves placing a sample directly on an optoelectric sensor array, like the CCD or CMOS chips found in the standard camcorder. Then, LED illumination from above the sample casts shadows on the chip, which are recorded as digital holograms that can be subjected to image processing. Not only does this lensless imaging system allow for an extremely large field of view (FOV of 0.6-8 cm2), the lack of bulky optical components makes it excellent for microfluidic applications. The Ozcan group demonstrates this in their follow-up 2011 JoVE article, in which fluorescently labeled white blood cells are imaged within a microfluidic chip.
This August in JoVE, the Ozcan group demonstrates further advancements to their lens-free microscopy platform by applying it to tomographic imaging of the nematode, C. elegans. By changing the angle of illumination, using a motorized rotation stage, the Ozcan group shows how multiple holographic slices may be generated for a sample-which, following processing, can be combined into tomograms. The Ozcan group confirms that their 3D reconstruction of the worm is successful by citing that the pharyngeal tube, a 5-micron-thick structure, is only visible in a single slice and in a 3D reconstructed cross section.
The compact and inexpensive nature of the lens-free imaging systems - designed and assembled by the Ozcan group - make them well suited for point-of-care diagnostic applications, or even cell phone based microscopy that can be performed in the field.
At the Ernest Gallo Clinic and Research Center at University of California, San Francisco JoVE learns how to visualize morphological changes in single cells using three-dimensional fluorescence microscopy and computer analysis. In this procedure, cells are given agonist, antagonist plus agonist, or no treatment, and prepared for immunofluorescence microscopy. Three-dimensional images are acquired with the help of a two-photon laser system, and the fluorescence data are processed on the computer using Imaris and Matlab.
To demonstrate the power of this technique, our authors quantify single-cell phenotypic changes in transfected HEK293 cells. Three-dimensional morphometric analysis shows dramatic changes in cells treated with agonist. These changes are not always apparent when using conventional 2D analysis. This technique allows morphological changes in single cells to be quantified and characterized in response to pharmacologic stimuli, offering a powerful new assessment tool to the arsenal of drug discovery research.
This month, in JoVE Applied Physics, we travel to South Carolina to visit the School of Materials Science and Engineering at Clemson University. Here, researchers show us how to construct lithium batteries for laboratory research.
The basic components of a lithium coin cell are the working electrode, the lithium electrolyte, and a lithium foil counter electrode. The different components of the coin cell are carefully assembled and sealed with a crimping machine. The finished coin cell can then be characterized in a battery tester. Using their homemade coin cells, our researchers can experiment with using different materials to make the cathodes of lithium coin cells.
This month in JoVE Immunology and Infection, we head to Basel, Switzerland to witness two techniques for diagnosing helminth infections. We also see how investigators perform the shuttle run test in children, in order to assess the effects of these infections on physical fitness.
Helminths are parasitic worms that can live inside humans and animals. Many species infect the intestinal tract, and may be transmitted through soil. Our authors demonstrate the Kato-Katz technique, which is used for diagnosing several common soil-transmitted helminths. They also demonstrate the Baermann technique, which uses light to stimulate the migration of certain types of phototactic helminths out of sample preparations. The various types of helminth species can subsequently be determined based on morphology.
Our authors then demonstrate how to set up and perform a 20-meter shuttle run test for children, and to measure the impact of helminth infections on physical fitness. This method can help determine the true burden of soil-transmitted helminth infections on overall health.
This brief summary highlights but a few notable video-articles that will be released in August. We'll also feature articles that demonstrate how to express genes in the midbrain of the chick embryo, study neutrophil transmigration in parallel flow chambers lined with endothelial cells, and precisely measure proteolytic degradation of the extracellular matrix.

Traditional microscopy requires lens objectives to magnify specimens, and can involve numerous optical components like additional objectives, filters, and mirrors to refract and direct light to optical sensors. The August 2012 issue of JoVE (Journal of Visualized Experiments) is marked by the third publication from the Ozcan Lab (University of California, Los Angeles) on their lens-free "on-chip" microscopy platform, which they have pioneered.

2012年8月:本月在朱庇特

Traditional microscopy requires lens objectives to magnify specimens, and can involve numerous optical components like additional objectives, filters, and ...

科研

生物学

2012: A Year In Review

Here's a look at some of the milestones and highlights of the year 2012 in Journal of Visualized Experiments (JoVE).
At the start of 2012, JoVE reached a major milestone by publishing our 1500th article. In this publication, in JoVE Bioengineering, Yu et al. described a method for analyzing the free radical composition of cigarette smoke. This method simulated cigarette puffing with a single-port smoking device, and combined it with electron spin resonance (ESR) spectroscopy to measure the degree to which antioxidant compounds can scavenge free radicals in cigarette smoke. A possible outcome of this research is the creation of less harmful cigarettes.
JoVE Bioengineering also contained the most-viewed article of 2012. Owczarczak et al. described a method for hacking a standard inkjet printer, loading ink cartridges with a cell-suspension "bioink," and printing lines of live cells onto glass slides. The thermal inkjet printing process creates temporary pores in the cell membrane, visualized by the incorporation of fluorescently labeled actin monomers. This concept, called "bioprinting," has many potential applications in cell and tissue engineering.
Also in 2012, JoVE Bioengineering featured a protocol by Hsia et al. for isolating and purifying spider silk protein, spinning it into fibers, and assessing the fiber strength. This protocol for laboratory-scale production of spider silk, which is stronger than tensile steel, can potentially be extended to large-scale manufacturing.
In JoVE Clinical and Translational Medicine, we featured a number of articles related to stroke, one of which. In one article, M&ouml;bius-Winkler et al. demonstrated placement of the WATCHMAN left atrial appendage occlusion device from Boston Scientific. This device is designed to prevent strokes by trapping clots within the left atrial appendage of the heart before they exit. Our authors demonstrated how to insert the guide wire through the femoral artery into the heart, advance the device into the left atrium, and deploy the device in the left atrial appendage.
Another article focused on stroke, Hamel et al. described the use of a driving simulator to study how patients compensate for visual field defects following stroke. By analyzing the compensatory gaze behavior of patients as they navigated through virtual driving courses with varying degrees of complexity, our authors see great potential for the use of driving simulators in stroke rehabilitation.
In JoVE Immunology and Infection, we published an article by Keyel et al. describing the real-time kinetics of immune cell responses to bacterial toxins using live cell microscopy. Combined with high-speed 3D confocal microscopy, this technique can also visualize the cellular repair response.
Also in JoVE Immunology and Infection, we featured an article by Yap et al. describing methods for diagnosing helminth infections in children. Helminths are parasitic worms that can infect the intestinal tract of humans and animals, and may be distinguished based on their morphology. The same article demonstrated how to measure the impact of helminth infections on physical fitness in children, which is a measure of overall health.
In JoVE Neuroscience, we featured a method by Hoffmann et al., who used tiny headphones to alter the auditory feedback in songbirds, and analyzed the computational and neurophysiological basis of vocal learning in birds when they adjust their singing in response to altered acoustic signals.
Also in JoVE Neuroscience, we moved from birds to bees with a method that assesses associative and non-associative tactile learning in honeybees. This method, by Mujagi&#263; et al., allowed bees to scan different metal surfaces with their antennae, then conditioned them to expect sugar water when their antennae touched particular surfaces, and analyzed the corresponding changes in antennal movement.
In 2012, we launched a brand-new section: JoVE Applied Physics, which features articles on subjects ranging from plasma physics to material science. The Applied Physics section also contained JoVE's 2000th video article, filmed in a synchrotron radiation facility, where Borisenko et al. showed how to determine the electronic structure of complex materials using angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy.
In the JoVE General section, we published an article by Artioli et al. demonstrating the use of a portable gas analyzer to measure oxygen consumption during complex exercise - such as judo. By analyzing oxygen consumption and collecting blood for measuring plasma lactate concentration, this method can determine the relative contributions of different energy systems to specific aspects of complex exercise.
Finally, JoVE followed Dolhi et al. to a permanently ice-covered saline lake in Antarctica. There, scientists drilled through the ice to study single-celled microorganisms called protists that live in the harsh conditions of Antarctica.
This Year in Review was just a brief glimpse of a few of over 600 video articles that JoVE offered in 2012. Browse the JoVE archives to see thousands of other videos, and stay tuned for what's coming up this year in JoVE: The Journal of Visualized Experiments.

Here's a look at some of the milestones and highlights of the year 2012 in Journal of Visualized Experiments (JoVE).

2012年:年度回顾

 
 
Here's a look at some of the milestones and highlights of the year 2012 in Journal of Visualized Experiments (JoVE).
At the start of 2012, JoVE ...

这在朱庇特一月

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2012年8月:本月在朱庇特

2012年:年度回顾