1。设置对齐<ol><li>先大致对准激光，光束扩张器，透镜，相机在同一轴线上，这将是光轴。 </li><li>打开激光器（没有USAT目标），并确保光通过透镜的中心。使用光圈光圈来验证。 </li><li>打开相机电源，并确保在光聚焦在相机的中心。 </li><li>移回相机，使用线性Ž阶段。由于系统会失焦，光点会越来越大。确保该点的中心保持在相同的横向位置。如果不是，小心改变成像系统的位置，并重复该步骤，直到光点保持在相同的空间位置，到一个象素的水平。 </li></ol> 2。成像在三散焦飞机<ol><li>将测试目标的光束扩张器的前面。将目标使穿过它的光线会通过日粗糙的中心的镜头。 </li><li>捕获图像。此图片将是一个锚点，它的位置将是Z 0，X 0（所有其他的图片会在引用它的位置）。此图片是I 1，B。 </li><li>移回相机（使用线性z载物台）的dz的=5.08毫米（或0.2英寸）的距离，并捕获图像。此图片将是我2，B。 </li><li>移回相机的另一个距离的DZ =5.08毫米（10.16 mm相对到z 0），并拍摄图像。此图片将是我3，B。 </li><li>返回到z 0。 </li></ol> 3。扫描孔径<ol><li>横向移动整个成像系统（使用线性X台）的DX = 2.5毫米的距离，并捕获图像。此图片是I 1，。 </li><li>在协议2重复上述过程。移回相机（使用线性z载物台）的dz的=5.08毫米的距离，拍摄图像（I 2，a）所示 。移回日E摄像机的DZ =5.08毫米另一个距离，拍摄图像（我3，）。 </li><li>现在，重复上述步骤的另一边。转移成像系统的DX = -2.5毫米的距离，并捕获了一组三幅图像在3 z轴位置（Ⅰ1-3，c）所示 。 </li><li>返回到z 0，X 0。 </li></ol> 4。相检索（数值计算） <ol><li>使用三个平面的方法14，和影象I 1-3，B，检索图像的光学相位I 1，B，利用已检索的阶段中，定义的Q 1，B。 </li><li>监视相关系数之间的I 1，b和| Q 1，B | 2，为了验证该迭代过程不收敛。要做到这一点，使用MATLAB中的“corr2”功能。 </li><li>重复的相位恢复过程，因为我1-3，和我1-3，C。 </li></ol> 5。超分辨图像（数值计算） <ol><li> ü唱菲涅尔自由空间传播（FSP）积分15，背传播领域的Q 1，交流到镜头平面。这些领域将是E 镜头，AC +。 </li><li>乘所得到的电场E 透镜，交流 +为exp（+πix0 2）/λF），以传递回通过透镜。这些领域将是E 镜头，交流 - 。 </li><li>为了将电场E 透镜，在其原始位置时，横向移动它的DX = 2.5 mm的距离。 </li><li>为了将电场E 透镜，C在其原始位置时，横向移动它的DX = -2.5毫米的距离。 </li><li>总结了三个字段Ê 透镜，交流 ，以将它们组合，和合成增加光圈的大小。 </li><li>通过EXP乘以所产生的场（-πix0 2）/λF），和自由空间传播到像平面。 </li><li>决议案改进的一个因素ØF 3的扫描方向应见证。 </li></ol>

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没有什么可以透露。

光学合成孔径雷达（OSAR）的概念，是本文提出的是，使用了GS算法和扫描技术，以提高物体的在扫描方向上的空间分辨率的一个新的超分辨的方法。成像平台的运动可以是自我生成，同时使用一个空中或卫星平台。不像许多时间复用SR技术，我们的方法不需要对象的任何先验信息，比的事实，它是静止的在成像过程中的其他。所提出的技术是用于提高分辨率以3倍，在扫描方向上。通过3倍的...

在雷达成像，传输的脉冲射频（RF）的窄角光束被使用，其安装在一个平台上的天线。雷达信号在朝向表面1,2侧视方向传送。该反射信号被从表面反向散射和接收相同的天线2。所接收的信号被转换为一个雷达图象。在实孔径雷达（RAR）在方位方向上的分辨率是成正比的波长成反比的孔径尺寸3。从而，一个更大的天线是必需的较高的方位分辨率。然而，这是难以安装大天线向移动平台上，如飞机和卫星。在1951年威利4建议称为合成孔径雷达（SAR）的一个新的雷达技术，它使用由成像平台的运动产生的多普勒效应。在SAR中，振幅以及所接收到的信号的相位被记录5 </SUP&gt;。这是可能的，因为SAR光频率是约1-100 GHz的6和相位是利用安装在平台顶部的参考本地振荡器记录。在光学成像，较短的波长被使用，如可见和近红外（NIR），大约是1微米，约10 14赫兹，即频率。的电场强度，而不是字段本身，由于光学相位变化太快检测用标准的基于硅的检测器被检测。 而通过光学系统成像的对象时，光学系统的孔径作为一个低通滤波器。因此，对象的高频空间信息丢失7。在本文中，我们的目标是分别解决每个上面提到的问题， 即相丢失，衍射极限的效果。 的Gerchberg和萨克斯顿（GS）8表明，该光学相位可以retrie使用迭代过程粘弹性阻尼器。 Misell 9-11扩展了算法对于任意两个输入和输出的飞机。这些方法已被证明可收敛到相位分布以最小均方误差（MSE）12,13。古尔和Zalevsky 14提出了三个平面的方法提高了Misell算法。 我们提出并展示实验，恢复的相位而移动的摄像透镜，由于完成了在SAR应用的天线允许我们合成增加沿扫描轴的孔的有效尺寸，并最终提高所得到的成像分辨率。 SAR在使用干涉和全息光学成像的应用是众所周知的16,17。然而，所提出的方法的目的是为模仿扫描成像平台，使其适合于非相干成像（如侧视机载平台）。因此，全息的概念，WHI通道使用的参考光束，不适合于这种应用。取而代之的是，修改的Gerchberg-萨克斯顿算法用于以检索的相位。

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	<tbody>
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			<td align="left" height="22" style="height:22px;width:311px;">Red Laser Module</td>
			<td style="width:311px;">Thorlabs</td>
			<td style="width:259px;"><a href="http://thorlabs.com/thorProduct.cfm?partNumber=LDM635">LDM635</a></td>
			<td style="width:261px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="22">
			<td align="left" height="22" style="height:22px;width:311px;">10X Galilean Beam Expander</td>
			<td style="width:311px;">Thorlabs</td>
			<td style="width:259px;"><a href="http://thorlabs.com/thorProduct.cfm?partNumber=BE10M-A">BE10M-A</a></td>
			<td style="width:261px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="22">
			<td align="left" height="22" style="height:22px;width:311px;">Negative 1951 USAF Test Target</td>
			<td style="width:311px;">Thorlabs</td>
			<td style="width:259px;"><a href="http://thorlabs.com/thorProduct.cfm?partNumber=R3L3S1N">R3L3S1N</a></td>
			<td style="width:261px;"></td>
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		<tr height="22">
			<td align="left" height="22" style="height:22px;width:311px;">Filter holder for 2&#34; Square Filters</td>
			<td style="width:311px;">Thorlabs</td>
			<td style="width:259px;"><a href="http://thorlabs.com/thorProduct.cfm?partNumber=FH2">FH2</a></td>
			<td style="width:261px;"></td>
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		<tr height="22">
			<td align="left" height="22" style="height:22px;width:311px;">1&#34; Linear Translation Stage</td>
			<td style="width:311px;">Thorlabs</td>
			<td style="width:259px;"><a href="http://thorlabs.com/thorProduct.cfm?partNumber=PT1">PT1</a></td>
			<td style="width:261px;">X2</td>
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			<td align="left" height="22" style="height:22px;width:311px;">Lens Mount for &#216;1&#34; Optics</td>
			<td style="width:311px;">Thorlabs</td>
			<td style="width:259px;"><a href="http://thorlabs.com/thorProduct.cfm?partNumber=LMR1">LMR1</a></td>
			<td style="width:261px;"></td>
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			<td align="left" height="22" style="height:22px;width:311px;">Lens f = 100.0mm</td>
			<td style="width:311px;">Thorlabs</td>
			<td style="width:259px;"><a href="http://thorlabs.com/thorProduct.cfm?partNumber=AC254-100-A">AC254-100-A</a></td>
			<td style="width:261px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="22">
			<td align="left" height="22" style="height:22px;width:311px;">Graduated Ring-Activated Iris Diaphragm</td>
			<td style="width:311px;">Thorlabs</td>
			<td style="width:259px;"><a href="http://www.thorlabs.com/thorproduct.cfm?partnumber=SM1D12C">SM1D12C</a></td>
			<td style="width:261px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="22">
			<td align="left" height="22" style="height:22px;width:311px;">2.5x2.5mm Aperture &#216;1&#34;</td>
			<td style="width:311px;"></td>
			<td style="width:259px;"></td>
			<td style="width:261px;">Indoor production</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="22">
			<td align="left" height="22" style="height:22px;width:311px;">High Resolution CMOS Camera</td>
			<td style="width:311px;">Thorlabs</td>
			<td style="width:259px;"><a href="http://thorlabs.com/thorProduct.cfm?partNumber=DCC1545M">DCC1545M</a></td>
			<td style="width:261px;"></td>
		</tr>
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</table>

time multiplexing super resolving technique for imaging from a moving platform

我们提出用于提高对象的分辨率，克服安装在一个移动的成像系统，诸如机载平台或卫星之上的光学系统的衍射极限的方法。在一个两步骤过程中得到的分辨率的改善。首先，三个低解析度不同离焦图像被捕获和光相位是使用改进的迭代的Gerchberg - 萨克斯顿基于算法检索。相位恢复允许数值回到传播领域的孔径平面。第二，该成像系统被转移和第一步骤是重复的。在孔径平面所获得的光场进行组合和合成增加了透镜孔径沿运动方向产生的，产生更高的成像分辨率。该方法类似于从微波领域公知的方法，被称为合成孔径雷达（SAR），其中，天线的尺寸是合成沿平台增加传播方向。该方法是通过实验室实验证明。

<html>为9捕获的图像（在3横向位置3的散焦图像）的例子示于图3。 为GS收敛的例子示于图4。的相关系数为中央图像I 1，b为0.95以上，且相关系数为侧面图像I 1，a和I 1，c为0.85以上（完全数值模拟它们全部通过0.99）。 具有代表性的结果为SR图像呈现在图5。在LR图像没有分辨率的酒吧是可见的。但...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Time Multiplexing Super Resolving Technique for Imaging from a Moving Platform at JoVE.com

Time Multiplexing Super Resolving Technique for Imaging from a Moving Platform

一种克服光学衍射极限方法。该方法包括两个步骤的过程：光相位恢复用迭代的Gerchberg-萨克斯顿算法和成像系统移动之后的第一步骤的重复。一个合成增加光圈沿运动方向产生的，产生更高的成像分辨率。

时间复用超解析技术成像的运动平台

We propose a method for increasing the resolution of an object and overcoming the diffraction limit of an optical system installed on top of a moving ...

time-multiplexing-super-resolving-technique-for-imaging-from-moving

Research

JoVE Journal

Engineering

8.3K 次观看.  Bar-Ilan University. 一种克服光学衍射极限方法。该方法包括两个步骤的过程：光相位恢复用迭代的Gerchberg-萨克斯顿算法和成像系统移动之后的第一步骤的重复。一个合成增加光圈沿运动方向产生的，产生更高的成像分辨率。 

视频: Time Multiplexing Super Resolving Technique for Imaging from a Moving Platform

Visualization of High Speed Liquid Jet Impaction on a Moving Surface

Two apparatuses for examining liquid jet impingement on a high-speed moving surface are described: an air cannon device (for examining surface speeds between 0 and 25 m/sec) and a spinning disk device (for examining surface speeds between 15 and 100 m/sec). The air cannon linear traverse is a pneumatic energy-powered system that is designed to accelerate a metal rail surface mounted on top of a wooden projectile. A pressurized cylinder fitted with a solenoid valve rapidly releases pressurized air into the barrel, forcing the projectile down the cannon barrel. The projectile travels beneath a spray nozzle, which impinges a liquid jet onto its metal upper surface, and the projectile then hits a stopping mechanism. A camera records the jet impingement, and a pressure transducer records the spray nozzle backpressure. The spinning disk set-up consists of a steel disk that reaches speeds of 500 to 3,000 rpm via a variable frequency drive (VFD) motor. A spray system similar to that of the air cannon generates a liquid jet that impinges onto the spinning disc, and cameras placed at several optical access points record the jet impingement. Video recordings of jet impingement processes are recorded and examined to determine whether the outcome of impingement is splash, splatter, or deposition. The apparatuses are the first that involve the high speed impingement of low-Reynolds-number liquid jets on high speed moving surfaces. In addition to its rail industry applications, the described technique may be used for technical and industrial purposes such as steelmaking and may be relevant to high-speed 3D printing.

Two experimental devices for examining liquid jet impingement on a high-speed moving surface are described: an air cannon device and a spinning disk device. The apparatuses are used to determine optimal approaches to the application of liquid friction modifier (LFM) onto rail tracks for top-of-rail friction control.

高速喷液嵌塞对移动表面的可视化

Two apparatuses for examining liquid jet impingement on a high-speed moving surface are described: an air cannon device (for examining surface speeds ...

科研

工程学

Measurement of Scattering Nonlinearities from a Single Plasmonic Nanoparticle

Plasmonics, which are based on the collective oscillation of electrons due to light excitation, involve strongly enhanced local electric fields and thus have potential applications in nonlinear optics, which requires extraordinary optical intensity. One of the most studied nonlinearities in plasmonics is nonlinear absorption, including saturation and reverse saturation behaviors. Although scattering and absorption in nanoparticles are closely correlated by the Mie theory, there has been no report of nonlinearities in plasmonic scattering until very recently. 
Last year, not only saturation, but also reverse saturation of scattering in an isolated plasmonic particle was demonstrated for the first time. The results showed that saturable scattering exhibits clear wavelength dependence, which seems to be directly linked to the localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR). Combined with the intensity-dependent measurements, the results suggest the possibility of a common mechanism underlying the nonlinear behaviors of scattering and absorption. These nonlinearities of scattering from a single gold nanosphere (GNS) are widely applicable, including in super-resolution microscopy and optical switches. 
In this paper, it is described in detail how to measure nonlinearity of scattering in a single GNP and how to employ the super-resolution technique to enhance the optical imaging resolution based on saturable scattering. This discovery features the first super-resolution microscopy based on nonlinear scattering, which is a novel non-bleaching contrast method that can achieve a resolution as low as l/8 and will potentially be useful in biomedicine and material studies.

Saturable and reverse saturable scattering were discovered in isolated plasmonic particles and adopted as a novel non-bleaching contrast method in super-resolution microscopy. Here the experimental procedures of detecting and extracting nonlinear scattering are explained in detail, as well as how to enhance resolution with the aid of saturated excitation microscopy.

从单电浆纳米粒子散射非线性测量

Plasmonics, which are based on the collective oscillation of electrons due to light excitation, involve strongly enhanced local electric fields and thus ...

Use of a Multi-compartment Dynamic Single Enzyme Phantom for Studies of Hyperpolarized Magnetic Resonance Agents

Imaging of hyperpolarized substrates by magnetic resonance shows great clinical promise for assessment of critical biochemical processes in real time. Due to fundamental constraints imposed by the hyperpolarized state, exotic imaging and reconstruction techniques are commonly used. A practical system for characterization of dynamic, multi-spectral imaging methods is critically needed. Such a system must reproducibly recapitulate the relevant chemical dynamics of normal and pathological tissues. The most widely utilized substrate to date is hyperpolarized [1-13C]-pyruvate for assessment of cancer metabolism. We describe an enzyme-based phantom system that mediates the conversion of pyruvate to lactate. The reaction is initiated by injection of the hyperpolarized agent into multiple chambers within the phantom, each of which contains varying concentrations of reagents that control the reaction rate. Multiple compartments are necessary to ensure that imaging sequences faithfully capture the spatial and metabolic heterogeneity of tissue. This system will aid the development and validation of advanced imaging strategies by providing chemical dynamics that are not available from conventional phantoms, as well as control and reproducibility that is not possible in vivo.

A multi-compartment dynamic phantom is used to simulate some biology of interest for metabolic studies using hyperpolarized magnet resonance agents.

一个多腔动态单一酶幻影超极化磁共振剂研究的用途

Imaging of hyperpolarized substrates by magnetic resonance shows great clinical promise for assessment of critical biochemical processes in real time. Due ...

A High Performance Impedance-based Platform for Evaporation Rate Detection

This paper describes the method of a novel impedance-based platform for the detection of the evaporation rate. The model compound hyaluronic acid was employed here for demonstration purposes. Multiple evaporation tests on the model compound as a humectant with various concentrations in solutions were conducted for comparison purposes. A conventional weight loss approach is known as the most straightforward, but time-consuming, measurement technique for evaporation rate detection. Yet, a clear disadvantage is that a large volume of sample is required and multiple sample tests cannot be conducted at the same time. For the first time in literature, an electrical impedance sensing chip is successfully applied to a real-time evaporation investigation in a time sharing, continuous and automatic manner. Moreover, as little as 0.5 ml of test samples is required in this impedance-based apparatus, and a large impedance variation is demonstrated among various dilute solutions. The proposed high-sensitivity and fast-response impedance sensing system is found to outperform a conventional weight loss approach in terms of evaporation rate detection.

This paper presents an impedance-based apparatus for evaporation rate detection of solutions. It offers clear advantages over a conventional weight loss approach: a fast response, high-sensitivity detection, a small sample requirement, multiple sample measurements, and easy disassembly for cleaning and reuse purposes.

蒸发速率检测一种基于阻抗高性能平台

This paper describes the method of a novel impedance-based platform for the detection of the evaporation rate. The model compound hyaluronic acid was ...

A Robotic Platform to Study the Foreflipper of the California Sea Lion

The California sea lion (Zalophus californianus), is an agile and powerful swimmer. Unlike many successful swimmers (dolphins, tuna), they generate most of their thrust with their large foreflippers. This protocol describes a robotic platform designed to study the hydrodynamic performance of the swimming California sea lion (Zalophus californianus). The robot is a model of the animal&#39;s foreflipper that is actuated by motors to replicate the motion of its propulsive stroke (the &#39;clap&#39;). The kinematics of the sea lion&#39;s propulsive stroke are extracted from video data of unmarked, non-research sea lions at the Smithsonian Zoological Park (SNZ). Those data form the basis of the actuation motion of the robotic flipper presented here. The geometry of the robotic flipper is based a on high-resolution laser scan of a foreflipper of an adult female sea lion, scaled to about 60% of the full-scale flipper. The articulated model has three joints, mimicking the elbow, wrist and knuckle joint of the sea lion foreflipper. The robotic platform matches dynamics properties&#8212;Reynolds number and tip speed&#8212;of the animal when accelerating from rest. The robotic flipper can be used to determine the performance (forces and torques) and resulting flowfields.

A robotic platform is described that will be used to study the hydrodynamic performance&#8212;forces and flowfields&#8212;of the swimming California sea lion. The robot is a model of the animal&#39;s foreflipper that is actuated by motors to replicate the motion of its propulsive stroke (the &#39;clap&#39;).

机器人平台研究加州海狮的Foreflipper

The California sea lion (Zalophus californianus), is an agile and powerful swimmer. Unlike many successful swimmers (dolphins, tuna), they generate most ...

Microfluidic Imaging Flow Cytometry by Asymmetric-detection Time-stretch Optical Microscopy (ATOM)

Scaling the number of measurable parameters, which allows for multidimensional data analysis and thus higher-confidence statistical results, has been the main trend in the advanced development of flow cytometry. Notably, adding high-resolution imaging capabilities allows for the complex morphological analysis of cellular/sub-cellular structures. This is not possible with standard flow cytometers. However, it is valuable for advancing our knowledge of cellular functions and can benefit life science research, clinical diagnostics, and environmental monitoring. Incorporating imaging capabilities into flow cytometry compromises the assay throughput, primarily due to the limitations on speed and sensitivity in the camera technologies. To overcome this speed or throughput challenge facing imaging flow cytometry while preserving the image quality, asymmetric-detection time-stretch optical microscopy (ATOM) has been demonstrated to enable high-contrast, single-cell imaging with sub-cellular resolution, at an imaging throughput as high as 100,000 cells/s. Based on the imaging concept of conventional time-stretch imaging, which relies on all-optical image encoding and retrieval through the use of ultrafast broadband laser pulses, ATOM further advances imaging performance by enhancing the image contrast of unlabeled/unstained cells. This is achieved by accessing the phase-gradient information of the cells, which is spectrally encoded into single-shot broadband pulses. Hence, ATOM is particularly advantageous in high-throughput measurements of single-cell morphology and texture &#8211; information indicative of cell types, states, and even functions. Ultimately, this could become a powerful imaging flow cytometry platform for the biophysical phenotyping of cells, complementing the current state-of-the-art biochemical-marker-based cellular assay. This work describes a protocol to establish the key modules of an ATOM system (from optical frontend to data processing and visualization backend), as well as the workflow of imaging flow cytometry based on ATOM, using human cells and micro-algae as the examples.

Microfluidic Imaging Flow Cytometry by Asymmetric-detection Time-stretch Optical Microscopy ATOM

This protocol describes the implementation of an asymmetric-detection time-stretch optical microscopy system for single-cell imaging in ultrafast microfluidic flow and its applications in imaging flow cytometry.

微流控成像流式细胞仪通过不对称检测时间延伸光学显微镜（ATOM）

Scaling the number of measurable parameters, which allows for multidimensional data analysis and thus higher-confidence statistical results, has been the ...

Demonstration of a Hyperlens-integrated Microscope and Super-resolution Imaging

The use of super-resolution imaging to overcome the diffraction limit of conventional microscopy has attracted the interest of researchers in biology and nanotechnology. Although near-field scanning microscopy and superlenses have improved the resolution in the near-field region, far-field imaging in real-time remains a significant challenge. Recently, the hyperlens, which magnifies and converts evanescent waves into propagating waves, has emerged as a novel approach to far-field imaging. Here, we report the fabrication of a spherical hyperlens composed of alternating silver (Ag) and titanium oxide (TiO2) thin layers. Unlike a conventional cylindrical hyperlens, the spherical hyperlens allows for two-dimensional magnification. Thus, incorporation into conventional microscopy is straightforward. A new optical system integrated with the hyperlens is proposed, allowing for a sub-wavelength image to be obtained in the far-field region in real time. In this study, the fabrication and imaging setup methods are explained in detail. This work also describes the accessibility and possibility of the hyperlens, as well as practical applications of real-time imaging in living cells, which can lead to a revolution in biology and nanotechnology.

The use of a hyperlens has been regarded as a novel super-resolution imaging technique due to its advantages in real-time imaging and its simple implementation with conventional optics. Here, we present a protocol describing the fabrication and imaging applications of a spherical hyperlens.

Hyperlens 综合显微镜和超分辨率成像的演示

The use of super-resolution imaging to overcome the diffraction limit of conventional microscopy has attracted the interest of researchers in biology and ...

Multiplexing Focused Ultrasound Stimulation with Fluorescence Microscopy

By focusing low-intensity ultrasound pulses that penetrate soft tissues, LIPUS represents a promising biomedical technology to remotely and safely manipulate neural firing, hormonal secretion and genetically-reprogrammed cells. However, the translation of this technology for medical applications is currently hampered by a lack of biophysical mechanisms by which targeted tissues sense and respond to LIPUS. A suitable approach to identify these mechanisms would be to use optical biosensors in combination with LIPUS to determine underlying signaling pathways. However, implementing LIPUS to a fluorescence microscope may introduce undesired mechanical artefacts due to the presence of physical interfaces that reflect, absorb and refract acoustic waves. This article presents a step-by-step procedure to incorporate LIPUS to commercially-available upright epi-fluorescence microscopes while minimizing the influence of physical interfaces along the acoustic path. A simple procedure is described to operate a single-element ultrasound transducer and to bring the focal zone of the transducer into the objective focal point. The use of LIPUS is illustrated with an example of LIPUS-induced calcium transients in cultured human glioblastoma cells measured using calcium imaging.

Low-Intensity Pulsed Ultrasound Stimulation (LIPUS) is a modality for non-invasive mechanical stimulation of endogenous or engineered cells with high spatial and temporal resolution. This article describes how to implement LIPUS to an epi-fluorescence microscope and how to minimize acoustic impedance mismatch along the ultrasound path to prevent unwanted mechanical artefacts.

荧光显微镜对聚焦超声的刺激

By focusing low-intensity ultrasound pulses that penetrate soft tissues, LIPUS represents a promising biomedical technology to remotely and safely ...

Measuring the Interaction Force Between a Droplet and a Super-hydrophobic Substrate by the Optical Lever Method

The goal of this paper is to investigate the interaction force between droplets and super-hydrophobic substrates in the air. A measurement system based on an optical lever method is designed. A millimetric cantilever is used as a force sensitive component in the measurement system. Firstly, the force sensitivity of the optical lever is calibrated using electrostatic force, which is the critical step in measuring interaction force. Secondly, three super-hydrophobic substrates with different grid fractions are prepared with nanoparticles and copper grids. Finally, the interaction forces between droplets and super-hydrophobic substrates with different grid fractions are measured by the system. This method can be used to measure the force on the scale of sub-micronewton with a resolution on the scale of nanonewton. The in-depth study of the contact process of droplets and super-hydrophobic structures can help to improve the production efficiency in coating, film and printing. The force measurement system designed in this paper can also be used in other fields of microforce measurement.

The protocol aims to investigate the interaction between droplets and super-hydrophobic substrates in the air. This includes calibrating the measurement system and measuring the interaction force at super-hydrophobic substrates with different grid fractions.

用光学杠杆方法测量液滴和超疏水基板之间的相互作用力

The goal of this paper is to investigate the interaction force between droplets and super-hydrophobic substrates in the air. A measurement system based on ...

Design, Instrumentation and Usage Protocols for Distributed In Situ Thermal Hot Spots Monitoring in Electric Coils using FBG Sensor Multiplexing

Random wound coils are a key operational element of most electric apparatus in modern industrial systems, including low voltage electric machines. One of the major current bottlenecks in improved exploitation of electrical devices is the high sensitivity of their wound components to in-service thermal stress. The application of conventional thermal sensing methods (e.g., thermocouples, resistance temperature detectors) for thermal condition monitoring of current carrying random wound coils can impose considerable operational limitations due to sensor size, EMI sensitivity and the existence of electrically conductive material in their construction. Another substantial limitation exists in distributed sensing applications and is caused by what is often a considerable length and volume of conventional sensor wiring leads.
This paper reports the design of a fiber optic FBG&#160;sensing system&#160;intended for enabling real-time distributed internal thermal&#160;condition monitoring within random wound coils. The procedure of random wound coil instrumentation with the FBG sensing system is reported in a case study on an IEEE standard wound coil representative of those utilized in electrical machines. The reported work also presents and discusses important practical and technical aspects of FBG sensing system implementation and application, including the FBG array geometry design, sensing head and fiber packaging, the sensor array installation and calibration procedure and the use of a commercial interrogation system for obtaining thermal measurements. Finally, the in situ multiplexed FBG sensing system thermal monitoring performance is demonstrated in representative static and dynamic thermal conditions.&#160;

This paper presents a protocol that enables instrumentation of random wound electric coils with fiber Bragg grating (FBG) thermal sensors for the purpose of distributed condition monitoring of internal thermal hot spots.

使用 FBG 传感器多路复用在电线圈中分布式原位热热点监控的设计、仪器和使用协议

Random wound coils are a key operational element of most electric apparatus in modern industrial systems, including low voltage electric machines. One of ...