这项工作是由过敏和美国国立传染病授予P01 A1078894到CAG

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作者宣称，他们没有竞争的经济利益。

巴斯德牙龈口腔感染模型提供了病原体引起的慢性炎症的局部和全身的网站学习的重要工具。这种独特的模式使得促进慢性炎症和免疫病理学宿主和病原体的具体机制的表征。此外，该模型可用于筛选新的治疗策略，包括免疫和药物干预。在这个协议中列出的步骤描述了成功运用这种模式和细节的方法来评估P的发生，发展和结局牙龈诱导的慢性炎症。 有...

慢性炎症的病理组织损伤和许多慢性疾病的人的统一特性的主要驱动力。这些疾病包括肿瘤，自身免疫和慢性炎症性疾病1。许多慢性疾病的病因仍不清楚，但可以理解为是复杂和多方面的，既涉及遗传易感性和开征环境因素。而炎症的perpetuators仍然难以捉摸，免疫激活的细胞和分子分布重叠相当与那些在宿主反应病原体2观察到的模式。 越来越多的证据暗示感染的研发微生物病原体和慢性炎症的进展及其临床表现多样2,3。病原体可诱导并通过颠覆了宿主的免疫系统，建立持续性感染，直接维持慢性炎症<sup&gt; 4。在不存在的微生物的持久性的，感染可能会沉淀从由分子模拟对自身抗原触发的免疫反应，改变自身抗原使得它们的免疫原性，或能够释放先前被屏蔽宿主抗原破坏的慢性炎症。然而，很少有具体的病原体被确定为一个特定的慢性疾病的普遍原因。相反，大多数现有的数据表明，病原体使用不同的机制来引起慢性炎症的临床表现及疾病预后的遗传易感宿主3来自各行各业。因此，由特定的病原体引起的慢性炎症可能对公共健康产生重大影响，以及治疗许多慢性疾病和预防的机制进行详细的了解。 尽管参与了慢性炎症的诱导和维持宿主和病原体的具体机制是了解甚少，在病原体引起的慢性炎症模型的进步已经开始促进我们这些过程的理解。 巴斯德牙龈口腔感染模型是病原体引起的慢性炎症，允许主机和病原体在局部（口腔骨质流失）促进慢性炎症的具体机制和系统网站（动脉粥样硬化），5,6分析了独特的，良好的特点小鼠模型。 牙龈是一种革兰氏阴性厌氧口腔病原体与人类牙周疾病，感染驱动的慢性炎症性疾病，其特征牙齿支持组织7的破坏。除了 ​​病理感染的初始点，越来越多的证据暗示P。牙龈诱导的开发和全身性疾病，包括动脉粥样硬化5的进展慢性炎症，这种疾病的特点是慢性inflammation中的动脉血管壁。特定病原体小鼠P的口腔感染牙龈诱导局部炎症反应而导致的破坏牙齿的支撑牙槽骨8 P。牙龈可以从感染小鼠的嘴被恢复42天感染后8和小鼠发展水平高的病原体特异性血清抗体滴度9。在动脉粥样硬化的使用载脂蛋白-E建立的小鼠模型- / -小鼠（的ApoE - / - ），口腔感染与体育牙龈引起慢性炎症，其驱动主动脉窦10和无名动脉11内炎性斑块沉积。 P的无名动脉内渐进性炎症牙龈感染的小鼠能够使用体内的MRI活的动物进行监测。从体育组织学，动脉病变牙龈感染的小鼠表现出的脂质陪伴积累增加尼德由活化的血管内皮细胞的，增加的免疫细胞浸润，以及升高的表达的炎性介质12。使用该模型在基因敲除小鼠的已阐明主机信令组件和炎症介质的作用，以及细胞驱动P.特异性相互作用牙龈诱导免疫病理学12 - 14。此外，利用定义的细菌的突变体的实验已经确定了临界P.牙龈毒力因子的局部和全身的网站15有助于慢性炎症。 本文详细介绍了方法学体育的评价诱发牙龈慢性炎症的局部和全身的网站。我们提供的牙槽骨骨量丢失的微型电脑使用阿米拉软件分析的详细协议。此外，我们定义序列在体内活的动物MRI检查的效用逐步在评估无名动脉内flammation。我们有方法的可视化和炎性斑块在动脉病变量化，并描述它们的组织学特征。利用转基因小鼠和定义的细菌的突变体，使该模型尤其适合用于识别主机和参与起始，进展，以及疾病的预后的微生物因子。此外，该模型可用于筛选新的治疗策略，包括疫苗和药物干预。

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			<td style="width:196px;">Company</td>
			<td style="width:132px;">Catalogue Number</td>
			<td style="width:88px;">Comments&#160;</td>
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			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Anaerobic chamber DW Scientific Model MG500&#160;</td>
			<td>Microbiology International</td>
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			<td>Becton-Dickinson&#160;</td>
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			<td>Sigma-Aldrich&#160;&#160;</td>
			<td>M5625-25G</td>
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			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Yeast Extract</td>
			<td>Becton-Dickinson&#160;</td>
			<td>212750</td>
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			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Carboxymethyl cellulose (medium viscocity)&#160;</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich&#160;</td>
			<td>C-4888</td>
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			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Sulfamethoxazole and Trimethoprim Oral Suspension 200 mg/40 mg per 5ml</td>
			<td>Hi-Tech Pharmacal</td>
			<td>NDC 50383-823-16</td>
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			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">&#956;CT 40&#160;</td>
			<td>Scanco</td>
			<td></td>
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			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">HistoChoice Tissue Fixative</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich&#160;</td>
			<td>H2904</td>
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			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Sudan IV</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich&#160;</td>
			<td>S4261-25G</td>
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			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">vertical-bore 11.7T Avance spectrometer&#160;</td>
			<td>Bruker</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
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			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Paravision</td>
			<td>Paravision</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
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			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">ImageJ</td>
			<td>NIH</td>
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			<td></td>
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			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">rat anti-mouse F4/80</td>
			<td>Serotec</td>
			<td>MCA497R</td>
			<td></td>
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			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">rat anti-mouse TLR2</td>
			<td>eBioscience</td>
			<td>13-9021-80</td>
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			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Leica S4 Dissecting Scope</td>
			<td>Leica</td>
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			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Microm HM 550 Cryostat</td>
			<td>Microm</td>
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a mouse model for pathogen-induced chronic inflammation at local and systemic sites

慢性炎症的病理组织损伤和许多慢性疾病的人一个统一的特征，包括肿瘤，自身免疫，慢性炎症性疾病的主要驱动力。新出现的证据牵连的开发和慢性疾病的进展有多种临床表现的病原体引起的慢性炎症。由于慢性疾病的复杂和多因素病因学，设计性实验的因果关系的证明，并建立了机械的联系是人类几乎是不可能的。使用动物模型的一个优点是，既可能影响特定疾病的过程中遗传和环境因素可被控制。因此，在设计感染的相关动物模型表示在确定有助于慢性炎症主机和病原体的特定机制的关键步骤。 在这里，我们描述的病原体引起的慢性infla小鼠模型mmation在局部和全身部位感染后的口腔致病菌牙龈卟啉菌 ，与人类牙周疾病密切相关的细菌。特定病原体小鼠经口感染诱导产生破坏牙齿的支撑牙槽骨，牙周疾病的一个标志局部炎症反应。在动脉粥样硬化的建立小鼠模型中，感染与体育牙龈加速动脉窦和无名动脉内的炎性斑块沉积，伴随着激活血管内皮，增加免疫细胞浸润，并表达升高病灶内炎性介质。我们详细方法炎症的局部和全身部位的评估。利用转基因小鼠和定义的细菌的突变体，使该模型尤其适合用于识别主机和参与起始，进展，以及疾病的预后的微生物因子。 Additionally，则模型可用于筛选新的治疗策略，包括疫苗和药物干预。

使用适当的小鼠模型和口腔感染治疗方案， 第牙龈诱导慢性炎症和免疫病理学，在本地（口腔）和全身性位点（血管）（ 图1）。 在小鼠中，口腔感染与体育引起牙龈驱动牙齿的破坏支撑牙槽骨8局部炎症反应。 体育牙龈感染的小鼠发生血清抗体反应，此有机体，主要是IgG同种型9。在图4中示出的结果是代?...

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A Mouse Model for Pathogen-induced Chronic Inflammation at Local and Systemic Sites

动物模型中已被证明是在界定有助于慢性炎症的发展宿主和病原体的具体机制的宝贵工具。在这里，我们描述口腔感染的小鼠模型与人类病原体牙龈卟啉和细节的方法，以评估炎症的进展，在局部和全身的部位。

鼠标型号病原体引起的慢性炎症局部及全身站点

Chronic inflammation is a major driver of pathological tissue damage and a unifying characteristic of many chronic diseases in humans including ...

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Immunology and Infection

17.4K 次观看.  Boston University School of Medicine. 动物模型中已被证明是在界定有助于慢性炎症的发展宿主和病原体的具体机制的宝贵工具。在这里，我们描述口腔感染的小鼠模型与人类病原体牙龈卟啉和细节的方法，以评估炎症的进展，在局部和全身的部位。 