Name: implantation and recording of wireless electroretinogram and visual evoked potential in conscious rats
Uploaded: 2016-06-29T15:00:00.000+00:00
Duration: 11 min 22 s
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Implantation and Recording of Wireless Electroretinogram and Visual Evoked Potential in Conscious Rats at JoVE.com

JC would like to acknowledge the David Hay Memorial Fund, The University of Melbourne for financial support in writing this manuscript. Funding for this project was provided by an ARC Linkage grant 100200129 (BVB, AJV, CTON).

伦理学声明:动物实验均按照与动物科学为目的的护理和使用（2013年），澳大利亚代码进行。从动物伦理委员会，澳大利亚墨尔本大学，获得动物伦理委员会批准。此处所用材料是用于实验室实验而已，并非用于医疗或兽医用途。 1.准备电极注意:一个三通道发射机被用于手术植入使2 ERG和1 VEP记录可以同时进行。三种活性和三个非活性电极需要被预先制作成在植入前的环形状，以附加到眼球。用于识别目的，制造商已积极封闭电极半白，一半是彩色塑料护套而不活动的电极覆盖全彩色护套。接地电极（透明塑料护套）将保持不变。对于所有的活动和非活动ELECTR颂歌行为步骤1.1，1.2，1.3和1.7。 <ol><li>解开两个细尖钳双链不锈钢焊条。 </li><li>修剪不锈钢单股线（从尖端约1cm）中的一个，使剩下的塑造环电极的单个长直链。 </li><li>折叠单个不锈钢丝返回到本身和扭曲，形成在电极的尖端平滑环。 </li><li>用于ERG有源电极时尚该环路〜0.2 - 0.5毫米的直径通过扭绞循环的碱（这里所描述的目的，形状以这种方式从双眼记录ERG两个活性电极），和用于ERG不活动和VEP电极使环直径〜0.8毫米直径（在这个例子中，对于一个有源VEP电极和所有的三个非活动电极做）。 </li><li>钩围绕的不锈钢螺杆（直径0.7mm时，长度3毫米），所以在电极靠在螺钉头的圆形VEP活性电极。 </li><li>胡胡ķ围绕第二个不锈钢螺丝（直径0.7mm时，长3毫米），3个非活动电极（2 ERG，1 VEP）。 </li><li>向前拉塑料套在两个不锈钢链的末端锐利，以减少刺激。 </li><li>通过在大约25℃下在2％戊二醛浸泡超过10小时消毒遥测发射机。然后用清水冲洗用无菌生理盐水3次发射。 </li></ol> 2.发射器植入<ol><li> 动物的制备 <ol><li>通过用70％乙醇清洗前消毒手术区到实验。使用前高压灭菌所有手术设备和洗必泰维护设备在不手术过程中使用。盖在手术过程中与外科被单的动物保持无菌环境。确保所有实验者戴上医用口罩，无菌手套和礼服。 </li><li>诱导用1.5麻醉 - 2％异氟烷，以3升/分钟和maintai流速1.5定义 - 2％，至2升/分钟整个手术。在捏脚趾之间的肌肉被确认没有踏板反射麻醉足够的深度。 </li><li>从腹股沟到胸骨上述剃40毫米×30mm的区域上腹部。 </li><li>剃30毫米×20mm的区域中的前额，后对眼睛和前到耳朵。 </li><li>消毒这两个剃领域。对于额头部位消毒用10％的碘伏三次（避开眼睛附近的区域用含酒精的消毒剂，是与实践的标准一致列明外科技师协会）​​。在腹部消毒用10％聚维酮碘和70％乙醇。 </li><li>应用proxymetacaine 1滴在角膜上额外的表面麻醉。 </li><li>应用羧甲基纤维素钠的1滴至角膜以防止眼睛干燥。 </li></ol></li><li> 手术植入 <ol><li>让10毫米的切口沿着用外科手术刀两耳之间的垂直中线的头部。 </li><li>使上腹部有5毫米的切口，通过沿胸骨下方中线皮肤层。 </li><li>隧道从腹部切口的头部切开一个5mm直径的套管皮下。 </li><li>通过从腹部到头部插管订阅发射机的电极布线（3活性和3不活动）。 </li><li>离开与发射机碱参考电极和覆盖无菌纱布电极尖端。 </li><li>盖上无菌纱布电极尖端（3有源和3个非活动）。 </li><li>老鼠的头固定到一个立体平台。 </li><li>延长切口额头到30毫米的长度与手术剪。 </li><li>在3〜点和9点 - 通过收缩松弛的皮肤与缝线2（O 3）暴露手术区。 </li><li>刮去骨膜覆用消毒纱布暴露前囟，Lambda和中线缝合头骨。 </LI&gt; <li>通过在VEP活性颅骨钻两个孔（7毫米腹侧前囟3毫米横向中线）和非活性（5毫摩喙前囟上中线）立体坐标。 </li><li>附加VEP活性和非活性电极与预安装的不锈钢螺丝（直径0.7mm时，长3毫米），颅骨用小螺丝刀到〜1毫米的深入到预制孔。此锚定螺钉在骨不破坏底层皮层组织。 </li><li>植入视网膜电图电极积极使用8 - 0缝合暂时收回上眼睑。 </li><li>通过向上级结膜穹窿插入从眼睛后面的16至21g的套管皮下。 </li><li>取出针指导。 </li><li>从对眼睛额头饲料通过缩短塑料导管活性电极。然后取出塑料导管。 </li><li>使用临时缝合（8 - 0），它是通过电极环螺纹，以防止ELEC处接上缩回回隧道。 </li><li>让优越的结膜0.5毫米的切口位于12点位置，落后缘1毫米。使用钝性分离，露出底层的巩膜。 </li><li>立即缝合0半巩膜厚度缘背后 - 植入一个8 - 0或9。 </li><li>卸下ERG活性电极临时缝合。 </li><li>通过把连续3结确保电极的顶端锚定ERG有源电极到半巩膜厚度缝合位于靠近角膜缘。 </li><li>关闭使用1〜2间断缝合结膜瓣（8 - 0到9 - 0）。确保结膜完全覆盖ERG电极，以提高舒适性。 </li><li>卸下眼睑回缩缝合。 </li><li>用同样的方法对侧眼。 </li><li>应用氰基丙烯酸酯胶在头骨，以确保所有的不锈钢螺丝和电极线。确保ERG主动电极不固定到连接前拉得太紧能够眼球运动。 </li><li> 0缝合 - 使用非吸收性3关闭头上的伤口。 </li><li>旋转啮齿动物暴露腹部。延长腹部切开皮肤沿手术剪白线40毫米。 </li><li>让35毫米的切口通过内肌壁，露出内腹腔。 </li><li>使用两个缝线（3 - 0）发射体附着在动物的右侧内腹壁。避免接触肝。 </li><li>环路接地电极，并在这个形状与缝线（3 - 0）的安全。把它放在自由浮动在腹腔内。 </li><li>采用连续缝合（ - 0 3）关闭腹膜。 </li><li>关闭使用间断缝合（3 - 0）皮肤切口。 </li></ol></li><li> 术后护理 <ol><li>监测动物，直到它已经恢复了足够的意识，以保持胸骨斜卧。房子动物单独继手术。 </li><li>辖carpr奥芬皮下镇痛（5毫克/千克）一次，连用4天。 </li><li>到饮用水加预防性口服抗生素（Enrofloxin，5毫克/公斤）7天手术后。 </li><li>适用的抗炎软膏皮肤切口部位以减少刺激的第7天手术后。 </li></ol></li></ol> 3.进行ERG和VEP录音清醒大鼠<ol><li>暗适应动物的ERG和VEP录音前的12个小时</li><li>开展昏暗红光（17.4 cd.m -2，λ 最大 = 600纳米）的所有实验操作</li><li>应用表面麻醉（0.5％proxymetacaine）和扩张（0.5％托）下降到角膜。 </li><li>引导意识的啮齿动物成定制的，清晰的限制器。 注意:此塑料管的长度可以调整，以适应不同大小的大鼠固定在60毫米的总直径。该装置的前端部是锥形的，以减少头部莫vement并包含穿孔，使正常呼吸。该锥形前允许对准和老鼠的头部和眼睛的稳定的Ganzfeld球体的开口。需要注意的是啮齿动物已被驯化的限制器（3至5次）在手术前。 </li><li>放置在Ganzfeld碗与碗的开口对准眼睛前方的啮齿动物。 </li><li>通过传递〜5厘米发射机内的磁体打开留置发射机。验证发射器是通过检查接收器底部的LED状态指示灯。 </li><li>如前面描述的21集在一定范围内发光的能量（即 -5.6至1.52日志cd.sm -2）的信号。简单地说，在调光照明水平（〜80重复）和更少的平均多个信号的明亮发光的能量（约1重复）。逐步延长为1至180秒，从最暗到最亮光照强度刺激间隔。 </li><li>要隔离杆ERG和锥反应利用双闪光灯模式8。例如，在启动日志1.52 cd.sm闪烁两次-2，500毫秒刺激间隔在两者之间。 </li><li>以记录VEP信号，平均20重复在明亮发光的能量（ 即，1.52日志cd.sm -2，5秒刺激间间隔）。 </li><li>为了评估植入物的稳定性，这是由信号变化随着时间的推移评估，进行ERG和VEP录音7，10，14，21和28天手术后。 </li><li>甲苯噻嗪麻醉（12:1毫克/千克）如下的实验期间，通过氯胺酮后pentobarbiturate的心脏内注射（1.5毫升/公斤）安乐死大鼠。 </li></ol>

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L., Mauromoustakos, A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Xylazine-induced+pulmonary+edema+in+rats.">Xylazine-induced pulmonary edema in rats.</a> Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 108, 417-427 (1991).</li><li>Charng, J., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Retinal+electrophysiology+is+a+viable+preclinical+biomarker+for+drug+penetrance+into+the+central+nervous+system.">Retinal electrophysiology is a viable preclinical biomarker for drug penetrance into the central nervous system.</a> J Ophthalmol. , (2016).</li></ol>

RG and RF are employees to the commercial funder of this research (Pfizer Neusentis and Pfizer Global Research). MI was an employee of Pfizer Global Research during this research and is currently an employee of Proteostasis Therapeutics (Cambridge, USA).

由于视觉电生理的微创性，在人类患者ERG和VEP录音意识的条件下进行，只需要放置电极使用局部麻醉剂的。与此相反，在动物模型中视觉电全身麻醉下常规地进行通过消除自愿眼睛和身体动作，以使稳定的电极放置。然而，常用的全身麻醉药改变如由我们以前出版24和 ​​其他25-27 ERG和VEP反应。在啮齿动物模型有意识ERG和VEP平台的这种发展提供了在动物模型中的生理反应，其可以...

在ERG和VEP 在体内工具微创以评估分别在实验室和临床既视网膜和视觉通路的完整性。全视野ERG产生的特性波形可被分解成不同的组件，与代表视网膜通路1,2的不同细胞类的每个元素。经典的全视野ERG波形由一个初始负斜率（a波），这已被证明是表示感光体的活性交曝光2-4。在一个波之后是反映中央视网膜，主要是接通双极细胞5-7的电活动的实质性利好波形（B波）。此外，一个可以改变光的能量，相互刺激间隔从杆反应8隔离锥。 闪光VEP代表了视觉皮层和脑干的电势响应视网膜光刺激9,10。该波形可以被分解成早期和晚期的组件，与早期部件反射的眼膜-geniculo具条纹通路11-13和表示在各种V1薄片大鼠11,13进行皮质加工后期成分的神经元的活性。因此，ERG和VEP的同时测量返回参与视觉通路结构的综合评估。 目前，为了记录在动物电，麻醉采用使电极稳定放置。已经出现了以测量ERG和VEP清醒大鼠14-16尝试但这些研究中采用的有线设置，这可能是麻烦的，并且可以通过限制动物的运动和自然行为17导致动物的压力。随着无线技术的最新进展，包括改进的小型化和电池寿命，现在有可能实现对ERG的遥测方法ðVEP记录，减少与有线录音和提高长期存活率带来的压力。遥测探针内部充分稳定注入已被证明是成功的为体温，血压18，活动19的慢性监测以及脑电图20。技术的这种进步还将协助重复性和意识录音稳定性，提高了平台的实用程序，用于慢性研究。

<table><tbody><tr><td>Bioamplifier</td><td>ADInstruments</td><td>ML 135</td><td>Amplifies ERG and VEP signals</td></tr><tr><td>Carboxymethylcellulose sodium 1.0%</td><td>Allergan</td><td>CAS 0009000-11-7</td><td>Maintain corneal hydration during surgery</td></tr><tr><td>Carprofen 0.5%</td><td>Pfizer Animal Health Group</td><td>CAS 53716-49-7</td><td>Post-surgery analgesia, given with injectable saline for fluid replenishment</td></tr><tr><td>Chlorhexadine 0.5%</td><td>Orion Laboratories</td><td>27411, 80085</td><td>Disinfection of surgical instrument</td></tr><tr><td>Cyanoacrylate gel activator</td><td>RS components</td><td>473-439</td><td>Quickly dries cyanoacrylate gel</td></tr><tr><td>Cyanocrylate gel&amp;nbsp;</td><td>RS components</td><td>473-423</td><td>Fix stainless screws to skull</td></tr><tr><td>Dental burr</td><td>Storz Instruments, Bausch and Lomb</td><td>E0824A</td><td>Miniature drill head of ~ 0.7 mm diameter for making a small hole in the skull over each hemisphere to implant VEP screws</td></tr><tr><td>Drill</td><td>Bosch</td><td>Dremel 300 series</td><td>Automatic drill for trepanning</td></tr><tr><td>Enrofloxin</td><td>Troy Laboratories</td><td></td><td>Prophylactic antibiotic post surgey</td></tr><tr><td>Ganzfeld integrating sphere</td><td>Photometric Solutions International</td><td></td><td>Custom designed light stimulator: 36 mm diameter, 13 cm aperture size</td></tr><tr><td>Gauze swabs</td><td>Multigate Medical Products Pty Ltd</td><td>57-100B</td><td>Dries surgical incision and exposed skull surface during surgery</td></tr><tr><td>Isoflurane 99.9%</td><td>Abbott Australasia Pty Ltd</td><td>CAS 26675-46-7</td><td>Proprietory Name: Isoflo(TM) Inhalation anaaesthetic. Pharmaceutical-grade inhalation anesthetic mixed with oxygen gas for VEP electrode implant surgery</td></tr><tr><td>Kenacomb ointment</td><td>Aspen Pharma Pty Ltd</td><td></td><td>To reduce skin irritation and itching after surgery</td></tr><tr><td>Luxeon LEDs</td><td>Phillips Lighting Co.</td><td></td><td>For light stimulation, twenty 5 W and one 1 W LEDs, controlled by Scope software</td></tr><tr><td>Needle (macrosurgery)</td><td>World Precision Instruments</td><td>501959</td><td>for suturing abdominal and head surgery, used with 3 - 0 suture, eye needle, cutting edge 5/16 circle Size 1, 15 mm</td></tr><tr><td>Needle holder (macrosurgery)</td><td>World Precision Instruments</td><td>500224</td><td>To hold needle during abdominal and head surgery</td></tr><tr><td>Needle holder (microsurgery)</td><td>World Precision Instruments</td><td>555419NT</td><td>To hold needle during ocular surgery</td></tr><tr><td>Optiva catheter</td><td>Smiths Medical International LTD</td><td>16 or 21 G</td><td>Guide corneal active electrodes from skull to conjunctiva</td></tr><tr><td>Povidone iodine 10%</td><td>Sanofi-Aventis</td><td>CAS 25655-41-8</td><td>Proprietory name: Betadine, Antiseptic to prepare the shaved skin for surgery 10%, 500 ml</td></tr><tr><td>Powerlab data acquisition system</td><td>ADInstruments</td><td>ML 785</td><td>Acquire signal from telemetry transmitter, paired to telemetry data converter</td></tr><tr><td>Proxymetacaine 0.5%</td><td>Alcon Laboratories&amp;nbsp;</td><td>CAS 5875-06-9</td><td>Topical ocular analgesia</td></tr><tr><td>Restrainer</td><td>cutom made</td><td></td><td>Front of the restrainer is tapered to minimize head movement, length can be adjusted to accommodate different rat length, overall diameter is 60 mm.&amp;nbsp;</td></tr><tr><td>Scapel blade</td><td>R.G. Medical Supplies</td><td>SNSM0206</td><td>For surgical incision</td></tr><tr><td>Scissors (macrosurgery)</td><td>World Precision Instruments</td><td>501225</td><td>for cutting tissue on the abodmen and forhead</td></tr><tr><td>Scissors (microsurgery)</td><td>World Precision Instruments</td><td>501232</td><td>To dissect the conjunctiva for electrode attachment</td></tr><tr><td>Scope Software</td><td>ADInstruments</td><td>version 3.7.6</td><td>Simultaneously triggers the stimulus via the ADI Powerlab system and collects data</td></tr><tr><td>Shaver</td><td>Oster</td><td>Golden A5</td><td>Shave fur from surgical areas</td></tr><tr><td>Stainless streel screws&amp;nbsp;</td><td>MicroFasteners</td><td>L001.003CS304</td><td>0.7 mm shaft diameter, 3 mm in length&amp;nbsp;</td></tr><tr><td>Stereotaxic frame</td><td>David Kopf</td><td>Model 900</td><td>A small animal stereotaxic instrument for locating the implantation landmarks on the skull</td></tr><tr><td>Surgical drape</td><td>Vital Medical Supplies</td><td>GM29-612EE</td><td>Ensure sterile enviornment during surgery</td></tr><tr><td>Suture (macrosurgery)</td><td>Ninbo medical needles</td><td>3-0</td><td>for suturing abdominal and head surgery, sterile silk braided, 60 cm</td></tr><tr><td>Suture needle (microsurgery)</td><td>Ninbo medical needles</td><td>8-0 or 9-0</td><td>for ocular surgery including, suturing electrode to sclera and closing conjunctival wound, nylon suture, 3/8 circle 1 &amp;times; 5, 30 cm</td></tr><tr><td>Telemetry data converter&amp;nbsp;</td><td>DataSciences International</td><td>R08</td><td>allows telemetry signal to interface with data collection software</td></tr><tr><td>Telemetry Data Exchange Matrix</td><td>DataSciences International</td><td></td><td>Gathers data from transmitters, pair with receiver</td></tr><tr><td>Telemetry data receiver</td><td>DataSciences International</td><td>RPC-1</td><td>Receives telemetry data from transmitter</td></tr><tr><td>Telemetry transmitter</td><td>DataSciences International</td><td>F50-EEE</td><td>3 channel telemetry transmitter</td></tr><tr><td>Tropicamide 0.5%</td><td>Alcon Laboratories&amp;nbsp;</td><td></td><td>Iris dilation</td></tr><tr><td>Tweezers (macrosurgery)</td><td>World Precision Instruments</td><td>500092</td><td>Manipulate tissues during abdominal and head surgery</td></tr><tr><td>Tweezers (microsurgery)</td><td>World Precision Instruments</td><td>500342</td><td>Manipulate tissues during ocular surgery</td></tr></tbody></table>

implantation and recording of wireless electroretinogram and visual evoked potential in conscious rats

满场电图（ERG）和视觉诱发电位（VEP）是评估在实验室和临床环境视网膜和视觉通路的完整性的有用工具。目前，临床前ERG和VEP测量是在麻醉下进行，以确保稳定的电极位置。然而，麻醉的非常存在已经显示出污染正常的生理反应。为了克服这些麻醉的困惑，我们开发了一个新的平台，以测定ERG和VEP清醒大鼠。电极植入手术子conjunctivally对眼睛的测定ERG和硬膜外在视觉皮层测量VEP。振幅和灵敏度的范围/时序参数在提高发光能量测定两个ERG和VEP。在ERG和VEP信号被证明是稳定的和可重复的至少4周后手术植入。该记录ERG和VEP信号，无需麻醉能力混淆了临床前小号ETTING应以临床数据提供的高级翻译。

感光体响应由在顶部2的发光能量（1.20，1.52日志CSM -2）对于每个动物拟合延迟高斯到ERG响应的初始下行肢的前缘分析的基础上，羊肉和普格的模型22日 ，胡德和桦木23制定。此公式返回一个幅度和灵敏度参数，（ 图1C和1D，分别）。双曲线函数拟合为每个动物杆双极细胞的光能量响应，这也返回一个幅度和灵敏度参数，（?...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Implantation and Recording of Wireless Electroretinogram and Visual Evoked Potential in Conscious Rats at JoVE.com

Implantation and Recording of Wireless Electroretinogram and Visual Evoked Potential in Conscious Rats

我们显示手术植入和记录程序，以测量从眼睛（视网膜电流图）和清醒大鼠脑（视觉诱发电位），这是更类似于在那里记录被无麻醉的困惑进行的人的条件视觉电生理信号。

植入和无线电图记录和视觉诱发电位清醒大鼠

The full-field electroretinogram (ERG) and visual evoked potential (VEP) are useful tools to assess retinal and visual pathway integrity in both ...

implantation-recording-wireless-electroretinogram-visual-evoked

Research

JoVE Journal

Behavior

8.7K 次观看.  University of Melbourne. 我们显示手术植入和记录程序，以测量从眼睛（视网膜电流图）和清醒大鼠脑（视觉诱发电位），这是更类似于在那里记录被无麻醉的困惑进行的人的条件视觉电生理信号。 

视频: Implantation and Recording of Wireless Electroretinogram and Visual Evoked Potential in Conscious Rats

A Wireless, Bidirectional Interface for In Vivo Recording and Stimulation of Neural Activity in Freely Behaving Rats

In vivo electrophysiology is a powerful technique to investigate the relationship between brain activity and behavior at a millisecond and micrometer scale. However, current methods mostly rely on tethered cable recordings or only use unidirectional systems, allowing either recording or stimulation of neural activity, but not at the same time or same target. Here, a new wireless, bidirectional device for simultaneous multichannel recording and stimulation of neural activity in freely behaving rats is described. The system operates through a single portable head stage that both transmits recorded activity and can be targeted in real-time for brain stimulation using a telemetry-based multichannel software. The head stage is equipped with a preamplifier and a rechargeable battery, allowing stable long-term recordings or stimulation for up to 1 h. Importantly, the head stage is compact, weighs 12 g (including battery) and thus has minimal impact on the animal&#180;s behavioral repertoire, making the method applicable to a broad set of behavioral tasks. Moreover, the method has the major advantage that the effect of brain stimulation on neural activity and behavior can be measured simultaneously, providing a tool to assess the causal relationships between specific brain activation patterns and behavior. This feature makes the method particularly valuable for the field of deep brain stimulation, allowing precise assessment, monitoring, and adjustment of stimulation parameters during long-term behavioral experiments. The applicability of the system has been validated using the inferior colliculus as a model structure.

A Wireless, Bidirectional Interface for In Vivo Recording and Stimulation of Neural Activity in Freely Behaving Rats

A wireless, bidirectional system for multi-channel neural recordings and stimulation in freely behaving rats is introduced. The system is light and compact, thus having minimal impact on the animal&#180;s behavioral repertoire. Moreover, this bidirectional system provides a sophisticated tool to assess causal relationships between brain activation patterns and behavior.

用于体内的无线双向接口记录和刺激自由行为大鼠的神经活动

In vivo electrophysiology is a powerful technique to investigate the relationship between brain activity and behavior at a millisecond and micrometer ...

科研

行为学

Simultaneous Recording of Electroretinography and Visual Evoked Potentials in Anesthetized Rats

The electroretinogram (ERG) and visual evoked potential (VEP) are commonly used to assess the integrity of the visual pathway. The ERG measures the electrical responses of the retina to light stimulation, while the VEP measures the corresponding functional integrity of the visual pathways from the retina to the primary visual cortex following the same light event. The ERG waveform can be broken down into components that reflect responses from different retinal neuronal and glial cell classes. The early components of the VEP waveform represent the integrity of the optic nerve and higher cortical centers. These recordings can be conducted in isolation or together, depending on the application. The methodology described in this paper allows simultaneous assessment of retinal and cortical visual evoked electrophysiology from both eyes and both hemispheres. This is a useful way to more comprehensively assess retinal function and the upstream effects that changes in retinal function can have on visual evoked cortical function.

This protocol describes simultaneous measurement of electroretinogram and visual evoked potentials in anesthetized rats.

电图同时记录和麻醉大鼠视觉诱发电位

The electroretinogram (ERG) and visual evoked potential (VEP) are commonly used to assess the integrity of the visual pathway. The ERG measures the ...

神经科学

Simultaneous Recordings of Cortical Local Field Potentials, Electrocardiogram, Electromyogram, and Breathing Rhythm from a Freely Moving Rat

Monitoring the physiological dynamics of the brain and peripheral tissues is necessary for addressing a number of questions about how the brain controls body functions and internal organ rhythms when animals are exposed to emotional challenges and changes in their living environments. In general experiments, signals from different organs, such as the brain and the heart, are recorded by independent recording systems that require multiple recording devices and different procedures for processing the data files. This study describes a new method that can simultaneously monitor electrical biosignals, including tens of local field potentials in multiple brain regions, electrocardiograms that represent the cardiac rhythm, electromyograms that represent awake/sleep-related muscle contraction, and breathing signals, in a freely moving rat. The recording configuration of this method is based on a conventional micro-drive array for cortical local field potential recordings in which tens of electrodes are accommodated, and the signals obtained from these electrodes are integrated into a single electrical board mounted on the animal's head. Here, this recording system was improved so that signals from the peripheral organs are also transferred to an electrical interface board. In a single surgery, electrodes are first separately implanted into the appropriate body parts and the target brain areas. The open ends of all of these electrodes are then soldered to individual channels of the electrical board above the animal's head so that all of the signals can be integrated into the single electrical board. Connecting this board to a recording device allows for the collection of all of the signals into a single device, which reduces experimental costs and simplifies data processing, because all data can be handled in the same data file. This technique will aid the understanding of the neurophysiological correlates of the associations between central and peripheral organs.

This study introduces a method for the simultaneous recording of local field potentials in the brain, electrocardiograms, electromyograms, and breathing signals of a freely moving rat. This technique, which reduces experimental costs and simplifies data analysis, will contribute to the understanding of the interactions between the brain and peripheral organs.

自由运动大鼠皮质局部电位、心电图、肌电图和呼吸节律的同步记录

Monitoring the physiological dynamics of the brain and peripheral tissues is necessary for addressing a number of questions about how the brain controls ...

Preparing a Rat Model to Assess Visual Pathway Integrity Using an Electrophysiology Setup

Source: Nguyen, C. T. et al., <a href="https://app.jove.com/v/54158">Simultaneous Recording of Electroretinography and Visual Evoked Potentials in Anesthetized Rats.</a>&#160;J. Vis. Exp. (2016)
This video demonstrates the preparation of a rat model to study retinal health and visual pathway integrity. Visual evoked potential and electroretinography reference and active electrodes are connected to the rat, followed by aligning the platform with the rat in front of the Ganzfeld bowl for even retinal illumination and closing the Faraday cage to avoid external interference.

准备大鼠模型以使用电生理学设置评估视觉通路完整性

All procedures involving animal models have been reviewed by the local institutional animal care committee and the JoVE veterinary review board.
1. ...

JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments

Neuroscience

Neurophysiology

Electrophysiology Techniques

In Vivo Electrophysiological Recordings of Brain Activities from Multiple Sites in Rats

Source: Haumesser, J. K., et al. <a href="https://app.jove.com/v/55940">Acute In Vivo Electrophysiological Recordings of Local Field Potentials and Multi-unit Activity from the Hyperdirect Pathway in Anesthetized Rats.</a> J. Vis. Exp.(2017).
This video demonstrates the detailed procedure for preparing an anesthetized rat for electrophysiological recordings of brain activity from multiple sites. The scalp is dissected to access the skull, and holes are drilled at precise locations to install and secure electrodes. Tungsten microwire electrodes are then inserted into the targeted location to record the data.

大鼠多个部位大脑活动的体内电生理记录

Implanting a Wireless Bidirectional Microelectrode System in a Rat Brain

Source: Melo-Thomas, L., et al., <a href="https://app.jove.com/v/56299">A Wireless, Bidirectional Interface for In Vivo Recording and Stimulation of Neural Activity in Freely Behaving Rats.</a> J. Vis. Exp. (2017)
The video demonstrates a procedure for implanting a wireless bidirectional multichannel electrode unit into a rat brain to record and stimulate multichannel neural networks.

在大鼠大脑中植入无线双向微电极系统

Recording of Visual Evoked Potentials via the Skull Electrodes in a Rat Model

Source: You, Y., et al. <a href="https://app.jove.com/v/52934">Visual Evoked Potential Recording in a Rat Model of Experimental Optic Nerve Demyelination.</a> J. Vis. Exp. (2015).
This video demonstrates the process of measuring visual evoked potentials or VEPs in a dark-adapted, anesthetized rat with pre-implanted skull electrodes, which record the electrical signals from the brain&#39;s visual cortex in response to light stimuli.

通过大鼠模型中的颅骨电极记录视觉诱发电位

All procedures involving animal models have been reviewed by the local institutional animal care committee and the JoVE veterinary review board.
1. VEP ...

Implanting an On-Head Electrode System in a Rat Model for Real-Time Seizure Detection

Source: Koz&#225;k, G., et al. <a href="https://app.jove.com/v/56669">Chronic Transcranial Electrical Stimulation and Intracortical Recording in Rats.</a> J. Vis. Exp. (2018).
This video demonstrates the method of implanting an on-head electrode system in an anesthetized rat for real-time seizure detection. The procedure includes placing stimulation and recording electrodes, securing them with dental cement, and connecting them to a head-mounted amplifier.

在大鼠模型中植入头戴电极系统以进行实时癫痫发作检测

Concurrent Electroencephalographic and Local Field Potential Recordings in an Anesthetized Rat

Source: Kang, S., et al. <a href="https://app.jove.com/v/56447">Concurrent Recording of Co-localized Electroencephalography and Local Field Potential in Rodent.</a> J. Vis. Exp. (2017).
This video demonstrates the procedure for concurrent recordings of co-localized electroencephalography (EEG) and local field potentials (LFPs) in an anesthetized rat. The process involves preparing the rat and attaching stimulating electrodes to its whisker pads. An EEG spider electrode is placed on the rat&#39;s skull for surface EEG measurements. At the same time, a multi-channel microelectrode is inserted into a specific brain region through a burr hole in the skull to record neural activity from a localized brain area.

麻醉大鼠同时进行脑电图和局部场电位记录

Recording of Electroretinogram and Visual Evoked Potential in a Rat

Source: Charng, J. et al. <a href="https://app.jove.com/v/54160">Implantation and Recording of Wireless Electroretinogram and Visual Evoked Potential in Conscious Rats.</a> J. Vis. Exp. (2016).
This video demonstrates how to record electroretinogram (ERG) and visual evoked potential (VEP) in a conscious rat. The rat, with surgically implanted electrodes, is first dark-adapted. After applying dilating drops, the animal is placed in a restrainer and positioned in a Ganzfeld bowl. The ERG and VEP signals are then recorded.