作者要感谢所有的参与者，牙医和助手为他们参与这项研究。我们衷心感谢广隆桑田教授和助理伊藤博文森崎教授，口腔微生物学系和免疫学，牙科昭和大学，他们的支持。

<html> 1. PMBPAz溶液的制备（图1） <ol><li>合成MPC继先前报告的工业过程15。 </li><li>使用在乙醇MPC，BMA，和MPAz的常规自由基聚合合成光反应的MPC聚合物PMBPAz，如前所述14。 注:PMBPAz应含有上述单体单元的60％，30％和10％（摩尔％），分别为。冷藏PMBPAz溶解在乙醇中以制备在使用前用0.5％（重量）溶液。 </li><li>处理的PMMA表面之前，允许PMBPAz乙醇溶液放置在室温下30分钟。 </li></ol><img alt="图1" src="/files/ftp_upload/54965/54965fig1.jpg" /> 图1.化学光反应的MPC聚合物PMBPAz的结构式。 PMBPAz被使用MPC单元，BMA单元和MPAz单元构成。/ftp_upload/54965/54965fig1large.jpg"目标="_空白"&gt;点击此处查看该图的放大版本。 2.完整的PMMA义齿PMBPAz治疗（图2） <ol><li>机械清洁假牙用于使用假牙刷3分钟。 </li><li>化学清洗5分钟义齿在与托牙清洁剂包括2.0％次氯酸钠和以下超声处理的条件下的超声波水浴超声:频率，50/60赫兹;相数，1φ;和振荡频率，28千赫。 </li><li>与PMBPAz进行表面改性之前，在乙醇浸泡洗义齿表面上。乙醇洗涤后，让假牙表面干燥本身，乙醇是一种挥发性化合物。 </li><li>直接应用将1ml PMBPAz乙醇溶液用刷子涂布器义齿的整个表面。接着，保持在室温和大气压力的义齿10分钟，以允许蒸发i上溶剂n中的乙醇蒸汽氛围。允许它干。重复这些步骤两次。 </li><li>与照射UV光义齿表面（254纳米）2分钟。 </li><li>浸泡在蒸馏水中PMBPAz处理义齿使用前5分钟。 </li></ol><img alt="图2" src="/files/ftp_upload/54965/54965fig2.jpg" /> 图使用该光MPC聚合物改性PMBPAz 2.表面的制作。所述PMBPAz聚合物可通过施加UV照射共价结合到聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯。 <a href="http://ecsource.jove.com/files/ftp_upload/54965/54965fig2large.jpg" target="_blank">请点击此处查看该图的放大版本。</a> 3.义齿斑块沉积评价<ol><li>使用在家PMBPAz处理义齿2周。作为对照，重复相同的过程，但不包括与PMBPAz的治疗。 </li><li>后的患者使用了义齿2周（使用阿布ŧ12每天14小时），用自来水冲洗，以去除任何松动的食物颗粒，然后用1分钟0.25％亚甲蓝披露的解决方案会留下污点。 </li><li>清洁本使用超声波水浴超声30秒在蒸馏水义齿表面上的任何污渍。 </li><li>通过使用白色光系统捕获在上一蜡座位用数码相机90°角的图像。捕获具有相同的聚焦对象的距离，曝光时间，以及照明的强度的图像。从3个不同方向拍摄图像得到粘膜，右，左抛光表面的图像。 </li><li>计算染色的面积，并且使用图像分析软件对整个义齿表面16量化。 <ol><li>选择使用从捕获的图像义齿的"磁性套索"工具义齿区域。随后，改变红色通道，突出显示义齿区域图像的斑块面积。选择使用"魔术棒"工具的所有斑块面积（Tolerance 8级），从义齿区域中的"选择类似的"工具。 </li><li>算每个图像像素的总数。此后，计算覆盖在从这些图像（总斑块像素/总义齿表面的像素）的像素数的义齿的面积的百分比菌斑指数。评价对PMBPAz处理和未处理的假牙（ANOVA，P &lt;0.05）染色区域之间的统计差异。 </li></ol></li></ol>

<ol>
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我们没有披露或财政支持。

在PMBPAz涂料机制它是具有挑战性的结合的MPC聚合物为聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯表面以简单和稳定的方式。这里，我们使用一个新的光反应性单体轴承phenylazide基，MPAz，它通过常规的自由基聚合过程与其它单体聚合，得到具有phenylazide侧链的聚合物。的phenylazide组由紫外线照射分解形成氮宾基团，其是可以共价结合到烷基高度反应性的自由基团。因此，含有MPAz单元基于MPC-聚合物可结合于...

口腔护理对预防在体弱的老人机会性感染和吸入性肺炎的重要作用。口腔护理，包括每餐后刷牙，清洗假牙，和接收专业口腔保健，在减少此类疾病1-3的发病率的一个重要的角色。尤其是口腔卫生不良强烈吸入性肺炎在体弱的老人有关。因此，更应重视对口腔健康护理老年病人，谁都有自己4清洁假牙自己的能力有限。 即使在发达国家，采用亚克力，树脂类义齿的仍然是无牙老年患者5最常见的治疗选择。鉴于它们的高吸水能力，微孔表面，和疏水性质，丙烯酸义齿基托从聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯构成（PMMA）容易积聚在其表面，这就是所谓的假牙牌匾上牙菌斑。 2-甲基丙烯酰磷酸胆碱（MPC）聚合物是公知的生物聚合物材料6具有因为它们对蛋白质的吸附和细胞粘附7-11高电阻的显着的抗血栓和组织相容性。 MPC聚合物涂层已经在各种医疗设备被应用，以防止感染12和已建议有防止对聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯义齿表面13义齿菌斑积累的潜力。在临床应用中的MPC聚合物的聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯假牙的挑战是要可靠地将它们绑定到聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯以简单和稳定的方式面。先前，报道的MPC聚合物通过接枝技术可以稳定地结合到聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯的表面和具有抑制牙斑积聚的可能性。然而，接枝技术并不简单，需要专门的设备，WHICH使得其临床应用的挑战。这里，我们描述了利用光反应性磷脂的聚合物，具体地说，就是光反应性甲基丙烯酸酯衍生物，2-甲基丙烯酰-4- azidobenzoate（MPAz）-synthesized完成各种不同类型的材料的表面修饰的一个新的MPC涂层过程。 MPAz是共聚合与MPC聚合物和甲基丙烯酸正丁酯（BMA），得到聚（MPC- 共同 -BMA- 共 -MPAz）（PMBPAz）。 PMBPAz可通过紫外（UV）光照射14下MPAz所述叠氮基团的活化共价结合到聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯假牙的表面上。该过程不需要任何专门的设备，并且可以通过临床医生2分钟内完成。我们还在临床应用这个过程，并展示了其临床效用和功效在义齿抑制斑块沉积。

<table><tbody><tr><td>Ultrasonic Cleaner</td><td>Aiwa Medical Engineering</td><td>AU-12C</td><td>Clean in distilled water before stain the denture</td></tr><tr><td>UVP UV Crosslinker DL-1000</td><td>Funakoshi</td><td>95-0174-03</td><td>UV light irradiation for 2 min before use</td></tr><tr><td>Lightbox S</td><td>Suntec</td><td>6542</td><td>capturing in this box after stain the denture</td></tr><tr><td>Adobe Photoshop CS6 Extended</td><td>Adobe</td><td></td><td>Calucurate and quantify</td></tr></tbody></table>

2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine polymer treatment of complete dentures to inhibit denture plaque deposition

Removable dentures made of poly (methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) are prone to bacterial adherence and dental plaque formation, which is called denture plaque. Denture plaque-associated infection is a source of serious dental and medical complications in the elderly. 2-Methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine (MPC) is a well-known biomedical material that exhibits marked antithrombogenicity and tissue compatibility because of its high resistance to protein adsorption and cell adhesion. Therefore, MPC polymer coatings are suggested to have the potential to inhibit plaque deposition on the surface of PMMA dentures. However, coating MPC polymer on the surface of a PMMA denture is a complex procedure that requires specialized equipment, which is regarded as a major barrier to its clinical application. 
Here, we introduce a new MPC polymer treatment procedure that uses poly (MPC-co-BMA-co-MPAz) (PMBPAz) to prevent denture plaque deposition on removable dentures. This procedure enables the MPC coating of PMMA denture surfaces in a simple and stable manner that is resistant to various chemical and mechanical stresses due to the MPC layer of PMBPAz that is covalently bound to the PMMA surface by ultraviolet light irradiation. In addition, the procedure does not require any specialized equipment and can be completed by clinicians within 2 min. We applied this procedure in a clinical setting and demonstrated its clinical utility and efficacy in inhibiting plaque deposition on removable dentures.

PMBPAz处理使PMMA的MPC涂层表面通过简单的和短期的方法并维持MPC聚合物的菌斑抑制作用。此过程不需要任何专门的设备，并且可以通过临床医生2分钟内进行椅侧。以下协议步骤2中，PMBPAz治疗11例无牙颌可拆卸全口义齿在临床上成功地进行，没有任何实质性的问题。控制假牙的粘膜和抛光的表面上的平均百分比菌斑指数分别为40.7％±19.9％和28.0％±16.8％，而那些PMBPAz处理的?...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about 2-Methacryloyloxyethyl Phosphorylcholine Polymer Treatment of Complete Dentures to Inhibit Denture Plaque Deposition at JoVE.com

2-Methacryloyloxyethyl Phosphorylcholine Polymer Treatment of Complete Dentures to Inhibit Denture Plaque Deposition

Removable poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) dentures are prone to bacterial adherence and plaque formation. Denture plaque-associated infection is a source of serious dental and medical complications in the elderly. This paper introduces a novel protocol to treat PMMA dentures with 2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine polymer, poly(MPC-co-BMA-co-MPAz), to suppress plaque deposition on PMMA dentures.

全口义齿的2-甲基丙烯酰磷酰胆碱聚合物处理，以抑制义齿斑块沉积

Removable dentures made of poly (methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) are prone to bacterial adherence and dental plaque formation, which is called denture plaque. ...

2-methacryloyloxyethyl-phosphorylcholine-polymer-treatment-complete

Research

JoVE Journal

Medicine

10.3K 次观看.  Showa University. Removable poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) dentures are prone to bacterial adherence and plaque formation. Denture plaque-associated infection is a source of serious dental and medical complications in the elderly. This paper introduces a novel protocol to treat PMMA dentures with 2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine polymer, poly(MPC-co-BMA-co-MPAz), to suppress plaque deposition on PMMA dentures.

视频: 2-Methacryloyloxyethyl Phosphorylcholine Polymer Treatment of Complete Dentures to Inhibit Denture Plaque Deposition

Microwave-assisted Functionalization of Poly(ethylene glycol) and On-resin Peptides for Use in Chain Polymerizations and Hydrogel Formation

One of the main benefits to using poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) macromers in hydrogel formation is synthetic versatility. The ability to draw from a large variety of PEG molecular weights and configurations (arm number, arm length, and branching pattern) affords researchers tight control over resulting hydrogel structures and properties, including Young&#8217;s modulus and mesh size. This video will illustrate a rapid, efficient, solvent-free, microwave-assisted method to methacrylate PEG precursors into poly(ethylene glycol) dimethacrylate (PEGDM). This synthetic method provides much-needed starting materials for applications in drug delivery and regenerative medicine. The demonstrated method is superior to traditional methacrylation methods as it is significantly faster and simpler, as well as more economical and environmentally friendly, using smaller amounts of reagents and solvents. We will also demonstrate an adaptation of this technique for on-resin methacrylamide functionalization of peptides. This on-resin method allows the N-terminus of peptides to be functionalized with methacrylamide groups prior to deprotection and cleavage from resin. This allows for selective addition of methacrylamide groups to the N-termini of the peptides while amino acids with reactive side groups (e.g.&#160;primary amine of lysine, primary alcohol of serine, secondary alcohols of threonine, and phenol of tyrosine) remain protected, preventing functionalization at multiple sites. This article will detail common analytical methods (proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance spectroscopy (;H-NMR) and Matrix Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization Time of Flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-ToF)) to assess the efficiency of the functionalizations. Common pitfalls and suggested troubleshooting methods will be addressed, as will modifications of the technique which can be used to further tune macromer functionality and resulting hydrogel physical and chemical properties. Use of synthesized products for the formation of hydrogels for drug delivery and cell-material interaction studies will be demonstrated, with particular attention paid to modifying hydrogel composition to affect mesh size, controlling hydrogel stiffness and drug release.

Microwave-assisted Functionalization of Polyethylene glycol and On-resin Peptides for Use in Chain Polymerizations and Hydrogel Formation

This video will illustrate a rapid, efficient method to methacrylate poly(ethylene glycol), enabling chain polymerizations and hydrogel synthesis. It will demonstrate how to similarly introduce methacrylamide functionalities into peptides, detail common analytical methods to assess functionalization efficiency, provide suggestions for troubleshooting and advanced modifications, and demonstrate typical hydrogel characterization techniques.

保利的微波辅助功能化（乙二醇）和On-树脂链聚合反应，并形成水凝胶的肽使用

One of the main benefits to using poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) macromers in hydrogel formation is synthetic versatility. The ability to draw from a large ...

科研

化学

Preparation and Characterization of Individual and Multi-drug Loaded Physically Entrapped Polymeric Micelles

Amphiphilic block copolymers like polyethyleneglycol-block-polylactic acid (PEG-b-PLA) can self-assemble into micelles above their critical micellar concentration forming hydrophobic cores surrounded by hydrophilic shells in aqueous environments. The core of these micelles can be utilized to load hydrophobic, poorly water soluble drugs like docetaxel (DTX) and everolimus (EVR). Systematic characterization of the micelle structure and drug loading capabilities are important before in vitro and in vivo studies can be conducted. The goal of the protocol described herein is to provide the necessary characterization steps to achieve standardized micellar products. DTX and EVR have intrinsic solubilities of 1.9 and 9.6 &#181;g/ml respectively Preparation of these micelles can be achieved through solvent casting which increases the aqueous solubility of DTX and EVR to 1.86 and 1.85 mg/ml, respectively. Drug stability in micelles evaluated at room temperature over 48 hr indicates that 97% or more of the drugs are retained in solution. Micelle size was assessed using dynamic light scattering and indicated that the size of these micelles was below 50 nm and depended on the molecular weight of the polymer. Drug release from the micelles was assessed using dialysis under sink conditions at pH 7.4 at 37 oC over 48 hr. Curve fitting results indicate that drug release is driven by a first order process indicating that it is diffusion driven.

The goal of this protocol is to describe the preparation and characterization of physically entrapped, poorly water soluble drugs in micellar drug delivery systems composed of amphiphilic block copolymers.

制备及个体表征和多载药物理截留聚合物胶束

Amphiphilic block copolymers like polyethyleneglycol-block-polylactic acid (PEG-b-PLA) can self-assemble into micelles above their critical micellar ...

Fabrication of a Bioactive, PCL-based "Self-fitting" Shape Memory Polymer Scaffold

Tissue engineering has been explored as an alternative strategy for the treatment of critical-sized cranio-maxillofacial (CMF) bone defects. Essential to the success of this approach is a scaffold that is able to conformally fit within an irregular defect while also having the requisite biodegradability, pore interconnectivity and bioactivity. By nature of their shape recovery and fixity properties, shape memory polymer (SMP) scaffolds could achieve defect &#8220;self-fitting.&#8221; In this way, following exposure to warm saline (~60 &#186;C), the SMP scaffold would become malleable, permitting it to be hand-pressed into an irregular defect. Subsequent cooling (~37 &#186;C) would return the scaffold to its relatively rigid state within the defect. To meet these requirements, this protocol describes the preparation of SMP scaffolds prepared via the photochemical cure of biodegradable polycaprolactone diacrylate (PCL-DA) using a solvent-casting particulate-leaching (SCPL) method. A fused salt template is utilized to achieve pore interconnectivity. To realize bioactivity, a polydopamine coating is applied to the surface of the scaffold pore walls. Characterization of self-fitting and shape memory behaviors, pore interconnectivity and in vitro bioactivity are also described.

Scaffolds capable of fitting within cranio-maxillofacial (CMF) bone defects while exhibiting osteoconductivity and bioactivity are of interest. This protocol describes the preparation of a shape memory scaffold based on polycaprolactone diacrylate (PCL-DA) using a solvent-casting particulate-leaching (SCPL) method employing a fused salt template and application of a bioactive polydopamine coating.

生物活性，PCL为基础的"自我装配"形状记忆聚合物支架的制备

Tissue engineering has been explored as an alternative strategy for the treatment of critical-sized cranio-maxillofacial (CMF) bone defects. Essential to ...

生物工程

Fabricating Superhydrophobic Polymeric Materials for Biomedical Applications

Superhydrophobic materials, with surfaces possessing permanent or metastable non-wetted states, are of interest for a number of biomedical and industrial applications. Here we describe how electrospinning or electrospraying a polymer mixture containing a biodegradable, biocompatible aliphatic polyester (e.g., polycaprolactone and poly(lactide-co-glycolide)), as the major component, doped with a hydrophobic copolymer composed of the polyester and a stearate-modified poly(glycerol carbonate) affords a superhydrophobic biomaterial. The fabrication techniques of electrospinning or electrospraying provide the enhanced surface roughness and porosity on and within the fibers or the particles, respectively. The use of a low surface energy copolymer dopant that blends with the polyester and can be stably electrospun or electrosprayed affords these superhydrophobic materials. Important parameters such as fiber size, copolymer dopant composition and/or concentration, and their effects on wettability are discussed. This combination of polymer chemistry and process engineering affords a versatile approach to develop application-specific materials using scalable techniques, which are likely generalizable to a wider class of polymers for a variety of applications.

Two- and three-dimensional superhydrophobic polymeric materials are prepared by electrospinning or electrospraying biodegradable polymers blended with a lower surface energy polymer of similar composition.

制造超疏水高分子材料生物医学应用

Superhydrophobic materials, with surfaces possessing permanent or metastable non-wetted states, are of interest for a number of biomedical and industrial ...

Synthesis of Thermogelling Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)-graft-chondroitin Sulfate Composites with Alginate Microparticles for Tissue Engineering

Injectable biomaterials are defined as implantable materials that can be introduced into the body as a liquid and solidify in situ. Such materials offer the clinical advantages of being implanted minimally invasively and easily forming space-filling solids in irregularly shaped defects. Injectable biomaterials have been widely investigated as scaffolds for tissue engineering. However, for the repair of certain load-bearing areas in the body, such as the intervertebral disc, scaffolds should possess adhesive properties. This will minimize the risk of dislocation during motion and ensure intimate contact with the surrounding tissue, providing adequate transmission of forces. Here, we describe the preparation and characterization of a scaffold composed of thermally sensitive poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)-graft-chondroitin sulfate (PNIPAAM-g-CS) and alginate microparticles. The PNIPAAm-g-CS copolymer forms a viscous solution in water at RT, into which alginate particles are suspended to enhance adhesion. Above the lower critical solution temperature (LCST), around 30 &#176;C, the copolymer forms a solid gel around the microparticles. We have adapted standard biomaterials characterization procedures to take into account the reversible phase transition of PNIPAAm-g-CS. Results indicate that the incorporation of 50 or 75 mg/ml&#160;alginate particles into 5% (w/v) PNIPAAm-g-CS solutions quadruple the adhesive tensile strength of PNIPAAm-gCS alone (p&#60;0.05). The incorporation of alginate microparticles also significantly increases swelling capacity of PNIPAAm-g-CS (p&#60;0.05), helping to maintain a space-filling gel within tissue defects. Finally, results of the in vitro toxicology assay kit, 2,3-bis-(2-methoxy-4-nitro-5-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium-5-carboxanilide (XTT) and Live/Dead viability assay indicate that the adhesive is capable of supporting the survival and proliferation of encapsulated Human Embryonic Kidney (HEK) 293 cells over 5 days.

Synthesis of Thermogelling PolyN-isopropylacrylamide-graft-chondroitin Sulfate Composites with Alginate Microparticles for Tissue Engineering

An injectable tissue engineering scaffold composed of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)-graft-chondroitin sulfate (PNIPAAm-g-CS)-containing alginate microparticles was prepared. The adhesive strength, swelling properties and in vitro biocompatibility are analyzed in this study. The characterization techniques developed here may be applicable to other thermogelling systems.

组织工程热胶凝聚（N-异丙基丙烯酰胺） - 接枝 - 硫酸软骨素复合材料的海藻酸钠微粒的合成

Injectable biomaterials are defined as implantable materials that can be introduced into the body as a liquid and solidify in situ. Such materials offer ...

Formation of Human Periodontal Ligament Cell Spheroids on Chitosan Films

Periodontal ligament (PDL) cells hold great promise for periodontal tissue regeneration. Conventionally, PDL cells are cultured on two-dimensional (2D) substrates such as tissue culture polystyrene (TCPS). However, characteristic changes of PDL cells have been observed during in vitro culture. This phenomenon is probably because the 2D TCPS differs from the in vivo three-dimensional (3D) microenvironment. Compared to cells cultured on 2D substrates, cells grown in a 3D microenvironment exhibit more similarities to in vivo cells. Therefore, 3D cell culture models provide a promising alternative for conventional 2D monolayer cell culture. To improve conventional PDL cell culture models, we have recently developed a 3D cell culture method, which is based on spheroid formation of PDL cells on chitosan films. Here, we present detailed cell spheroid culture protocols based on chitosan films. The 3D culture system of PDL cellular spheroids overcome some of the limitations related to conventional 2D monolayer cell culture, and thus may be suitable for producing PDL cells with an enhanced therapeutic efficacy for future periodontal tissue regeneration.

Here, we present protocols of culturing human periodontal ligament (PDL) cell spheroids by chitosan films. The culture of three-dimensional (3D) cellular spheroids provides an alternative to conventional tissue culture polystyrene (TCPS) culture system.

奇托桑膜上人类牙周韧带细胞球体的形成

Periodontal ligament (PDL) cells hold great promise for periodontal tissue regeneration. Conventionally, PDL cells are cultured on two-dimensional (2D) ...

发育生物学

Oral Biofilm Formation on Different Materials for Dental Implants

Dental implants and their prosthetic components are prone to bacterial colonization and biofilm formation. The use of materials that provides low microbial adhesion may reduce the prevalence and progression of peri-implant diseases. In view of the oral environment complexity and oral biofilm heterogeneity, microscopy techniques are needed that can enable a biofilm analysis of the surfaces of teeth and dental materials. This article describes a series of protocols implemented for comparing oral biofilm formation on titanium and ceramic materials for prosthetic abutments, as well as the methods involved in oral biofilms analyses at the morphological and cellular levels. The in situ model to evaluate oral biofilm formation on titanium and zirconia materials for dental prosthesis abutments as described in this study provides a satisfactory preservation of the 48 h biofilm, thereby demonstrating methodological adequacy. Multiphoton microscopy allows the analysis of an area representative of the biofilm formed on the test materials. In addition, the use of fluorophores and the processing of the images using multiphoton microscopy allows the analysis of the bacterial viability in a very heterogeneous population of microorganisms. The preparation of biological specimens for electron microscopy promotes the structural preservation of biofilm, images with good resolution, and no artifacts.

Here, we present a protocol to evaluate oral biofilm formation on titanium and zirconia materials for dental prosthesis abutments, including the analysis of bacterial cells viability and morphological characteristics. An in situ model associated with powerful microscopy techniques is used for the oral biofilm analysis.

牙种植体不同材料的口腔生物膜形成

Dental implants and their prosthetic components are prone to bacterial colonization and biofilm formation. The use of materials that provides low ...

医学

Adjunctive Diode Laser Therapy and Probiotic Lactobacillus Therapy in the Treatment of Periodontitis and Peri-Implant Disease

Periodontal and peri-implant diseases are plaque-induced infections with a high prevalence, seriously impairing people&#39;s quality of life. The diode laser has long been recommended as adjunctive therapy in treating periodontitis. However, the optimal combination of usage mode (inside or outside periodontal pocket) and application regimen (single or multiple sessions of appointment) has not been described in detail. Meanwhile, probiotic Lactobacillus is regarded as a potential adjuvant in the management of the peri-implant disease. Nonetheless, a detailed protocol for an effective probiotic application is lacking. This article aims to summarize two clinical protocols. For periodontitis, the optimal collaboration of laser usage mode and application regimen was identified. Regarding peri-implant mucositis, a combined therapy containing professional topical use and home administration of probiotic Lactobacillus was established. This updated laser protocol clarifies the relationship between the treatment mode (inside or outside the periodontal pocket) and the number of laser appointments, further refining the existing diode laser therapy. For inside pocket irradiation, a single session of laser treatment is suggested whereas, for outside pocket irradiation, multiple sessions of laser treatment provide better effects. The improved probiotic Lactobacillus therapy resulted in the disappearance of swelling of the peri-implant mucosa, a reduced bleeding on probing (BOP), and an obvious reduction and good control of plaque and pigmentation; however, probing pocket depth (PPD) had limited improvement. The current protocol should be regarded as preliminary and could be further enhanced.

Adjunctive Diode Laser Therapy and Probiotic Lactobacillus Therapy in the Treatment of Periodontitis and Peri-Implant Disease

This article describes two protocols: 1) adjunctive diode laser therapy for treating periodontitis and 2) probiotic Lactobacillus therapy for treating peri-implant disease, with emphasis on the laser usage mode (inside or outside pocket), laser application regimen (single or multiple sessions), and a probiotic protocol of professional and home administration.

辅助二极管激光治疗和益生菌 乳酸杆菌 治疗牙周炎和种植体周围疾病

Periodontal and peri-implant diseases are plaque-induced infections with a high prevalence, seriously impairing people&#39;s quality of life. The diode ...

Systematic Approach to Identify Novel Antimicrobial and Antibiofilm Molecules from Plants' Extracts and Fractions to Prevent Dental Caries

Natural products provide structurally different substances, with a myriad of biological activities. However, the identification and isolation of active compounds from plants are challenging because of the complex plant matrix and time-consuming isolation and identification procedures. Therefore, a stepwise approach for screening natural compounds from plants, including the isolation and identification of potentially active molecules, is presented. It includes the collection of the plant material; preparation and fractionation of crude extracts; chromatography and spectrometry (UHPLC-DAD-HRMS and NMR) approaches for analysis and compounds identification; bioassays (antimicrobial and antibiofilm activities; bacterial &#34;adhesion strength&#34; to the salivary pellicle and initial glucan matrix treated with selected treatments); and data analysis. The model is simple, reproducible, and allows high-throughput screening of multiple compounds, concentrations, and treatment steps can be consistently controlled. The data obtained provide the foundation for future studies, including formulations with the most active extracts and/or fractions, isolation of molecules, modeling molecules to specific targets in microbial cells and biofilms. For example, one target to control cariogenic biofilm is to inhibit the activity of Streptococcus mutans glucosyltransferases that synthesize the extracellular matrix&#8217; glucans. The inhibition of those enzymes prevents the biofilm build-up, decreasing its virulence.

Natural products represent promising starting points for the development of new drugs and therapeutic agents. However, due to the high chemical diversity, finding new therapeutic compounds from plants is a challenging and time-consuming task. We describe a simplified approach to identify antimicrobial and antibiofilm molecules from plant extracts and fractions.

从植物提取物和分数中识别新型抗菌和抗生物膜分子的系统方法，以防止牙科蛀牙

Natural products provide structurally different substances, with a myriad of biological activities. However, the identification and isolation of active ...

生物学

Impact of Fabrication Techniques and Polishing Procedures on Surface Roughness of Denture Base Resins

This study aimed to assess the impact of various fabrication techniques and polishing procedures on the surface roughness (Ra) of resin-based materials used in the fabrication of complete dentures. A total of 90 specimens were produced from three different resin materials: heat-polymerized polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) resin, CAD-CAM milled PMMA resin, and 3D-printed resin (n = 30). Each specimen measured 10 mm in diameter and 2 mm in height. The surface roughness (Ra) values of the specimens were initially determined using a contact profilometer following fabrication. Subsequently, each group of specimens was polished with 600-, 800-, and 1000-grit silicon carbide abrasive papers under running water. A second measurement of the surface roughness (Ra) values was then performed. The data were analyzed statistically using the Kruskal-Wallis test, Mann-Whitney U test, Wilcoxon signed-rank test, and paired samples t-test (p = 0.05). A statistically significant difference was identified between the groups in terms of surface roughness (Ra) prior to the polishing process (p &#60; 0.001). However, no statistically significant difference was observed between the milled and heat-polymerized PMMA base materials following the polishing process. The 3D-printed specimens showed the most notable improvement in surface roughness due to the polishing process. Nevertheless, their surface roughness remained statistically significantly higher compared to the other samples, both before and after polishing (p &#60; 0.001). The fabrication method of complete denture base materials was observed to influence surface roughness. The surface roughness values of the base materials fabricated using the 3D printing method were higher compared to those fabricated with milled and heat-polymerized PMMA resin, both before and after polishing.

This article presents a protocol to evaluate the effects of different manufacturing methods (heat-polymerized PMMA, CAD-CAM milled PMMA, and 3D-printed resin) and polishing techniques (600, 800, and 1000 grit silicon carbide abrasive papers) on the surface roughness (Ra) of resin base materials used for complete dentures.

制造技术和抛光程序对义齿基托树脂表面粗糙度的影响

This study aimed to assess the impact of various fabrication techniques and polishing procedures on the surface roughness (Ra) of resin-based materials ...

全口义齿的2-甲基丙烯酰磷酰胆碱聚合物处理，以抑制义齿斑块沉积

摘要

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此视频中的章节

保利的微波辅助功能化（乙二醇）和On-树脂链聚合反应，并形成水凝胶的肽使用

制备及个体表征和多载药物理截留聚合物胶束

生物活性，PCL为基础的"自我装配"形状记忆聚合物支架的制备

制造超疏水高分子材料生物医学应用

组织工程热胶凝聚（N-异丙基丙烯酰胺） - 接枝 - 硫酸软骨素复合材料的海藻酸钠微粒的合成

奇托桑膜上人类牙周韧带细胞球体的形成

牙种植体不同材料的口腔生物膜形成

辅助二极管激光治疗和益生菌乳酸杆菌治疗牙周炎和种植体周围疾病

从植物提取物和分数中识别新型抗菌和抗生物膜分子的系统方法，以防止牙科蛀牙

制造技术和抛光程序对义齿基托树脂表面粗糙度的影响

全口义齿的2-甲基丙烯酰磷酰胆碱聚合物处理，以抑制义齿斑块沉积

摘要

探索更多视频

此视频中的章节

保利的微波辅助功能化（乙二醇）和On-树脂链聚合反应，并形成水凝胶的肽使用

制备及个体表征和多载药物理截留聚合物胶束

生物活性，PCL为基础的"自我装配"形状记忆聚合物支架的制备

制造超疏水高分子材料生物医学应用

组织工程热胶凝聚（N-异丙基丙烯酰胺） - 接枝 - 硫酸软骨素复合材料的海藻酸钠微粒的合成

奇托桑膜上人类牙周韧带细胞球体的形成

牙种植体不同材料的口腔生物膜形成

辅助二极管激光治疗和益生菌 乳酸杆菌 治疗牙周炎和种植体周围疾病

从植物提取物和分数中识别新型抗菌和抗生物膜分子的系统方法，以防止牙科蛀牙

制造技术和抛光程序对义齿基托树脂表面粗糙度的影响

辅助二极管激光治疗和益生菌乳酸杆菌治疗牙周炎和种植体周围疾病