Name: comparison of scale in a photosynthetic reactor system for algal remediation of wastewater
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笔者想感谢Sandtown填埋场费尔顿，DE分享他们的知识和渗滤液。

1.系统设置注意:"配对系统"是指一种水族箱和一个管道水塘，并行运行。 <ol><li>对于一个配对的系统中，使用一个100升的水族箱罐（AT），与用于小型容器顶置混合器，和一个1000升管道水塘（RWP），用叶轮混合器大型容器中。在本系统中使用的容器被描绘在图1中。 </li><li>接种用相同的藻类培养所有船只。使用接种的高密度，从而在不低于0.1克/升，一旦稀释至在罐或塘10的全部体积的最终密度。它可能需要一个相当长的时间（数周至数月），以生长足够藻类此步骤。 </li><li>使用未经处理的垃圾渗滤液作为营养源。使用从接受大部分生活垃圾和具有毒素水平低一个垃圾填埋场渗滤液拍摄。对渗滤液成分分析应该从垃圾填埋场。 ŧ他量每个水箱或池塘使用可根据废水的强度变化渗滤液，但最终氨的浓度应测量5-75毫克氨氮 / L。 </li><li>开始与60升工作体积的100升水族箱罐，并用600L的工作体积的管道水塘。本研究开始与在水族箱罐约1升浸出液在59升水中，并在管道水塘590升水10升浸出液。增加使用在这个研究过程中渗滤液浓度。 </li></ol><img alt="图1" src="/files/ftp_upload/55256/55256fig1.jpg" /> 图1.水族箱和跑道水池的例子。一个水族箱（A）和管道水塘（B）的例子所示。 <a href="http://ecsource.jove.com/files/ftp_upload/55256/55256fig1large.jpg" target="_blank">请点击此处查看该图的放大版本。</a> <ol><li>操作水族馆水箱和管道水塘与三周水力停留时间半间歇反应器。每个采样周期跨越一个星期。 </li><li>以每船125毫升样品。这是一周样品的开始。根据部分3.1-3.3的样品分析协议测试样品。 </li><li>在本周结束时，取从各容器进行分析125毫升样品。结束一周的样本已经后，清空水族箱的整个容积进入管道水塘。 <ol><li>每周一次，泵水族箱的整个容积进入管道水塘。 </li></ol></li><li>除去从管道水塘的体积（3周的平均水力停留时间）的三分之一。替换体积与水和未处理渗滤液除去。 </li><li>从传输管道水塘约60 L背面进入鱼缸。这确保了水族馆黄褐色k和管道水塘每星期开始用相同的营养物和生物条件。 </li><li>就拿从所有船只125毫升样品，为下周启动条件的分析。 </li></ol> 3.样品分析<ol><li>测试和周结束时的样品都开始的最周为氨氮，硝态氮，亚硝酸盐-N，以及生物量密度。 </li><li>衡量标准的总悬浮固体（TSS）协议，ASTM-D5907，使用0.45微米的过滤物质。 <ol><li>首先称量滤纸，然后使用真空过滤系统过滤样品20-40毫升。干燥生物量/滤纸在烘箱中在105℃一小时，或直到生物质/滤纸不再变化的重量。 </li><li>称重生物质/滤纸，并减去滤纸的初始质量。通过过滤来计算密度的生物质的体积除以这个质量。重复11运行。 </li></ol></li><li>测量氨，硝酸盐，亚硝酸盐和分光光度计使用分光光度计。 <ol><li>用100μL的样品的在商业方法试剂盒，以确定氨浓度。指制造商的协议。 </li><li>使用1毫升样品在商业方法试剂盒，以确定硝酸盐浓度。指制造商的协议。 </li><li>使用10毫升的样品的在商业方法试剂盒，以确定亚硝酸盐的浓度。指制造商的协议。 </li></ol></li><li>监视用市售气象站使用商业探针和数据记录器的环境条件（空气温度，太阳辐射，风速）以及罐/池塘条件（水温，pH值，溶解氧）。指制造商的协议。 </li></ol> 4.结果统计分析<ol><li>确定收集到的数据在统计上是正常的。使用QQ图12确定数据集的常态</SUP&gt;。 </li><li>确定使用Pearson的R或斯皮尔曼p表示正常和非正常的数据，分别为13参数之间的相关性。相关参数应至少包括以下参数:初始的氨浓度，初始总氮浓度，初始生物量密度，氨去除率，总氮的去除率，生物量生长速率，以及所有的环境条件。 </li></ol>

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系统性能: 在8周的研究过程中，在一个系统中的小型和大型船只的生产率进行了比较。在这项研究中的氮和氨去除速率和生物量生长速率被用作治疗系统的生产率的措施。该系统操作的作为半间歇式反应器，其中，每个星期进行离散条件下操作。代表性的结果占了前8周的系统操作的，但是全面研究会延长更长的时间以考虑环境条件的季节变化。 上述方法要...

较大规模的应用实验室规模的数据的翻译是在生物过程的商业化的关键步骤。在小规模的反应器系统，特别是那些注重利用微生物生产效率，已显示出持续超过预测商业规模的系统1，2，3，4发生效率。挑战也存在于从实验室规模藻类和蓝藻光合作用种植扩展到更大的系统制造高价值产品，如化妆品和药品，用于生产生物燃料的目的，以及废水的处理。对于大型藻类生物量生产的需求与新兴工业日益增长的生物燃料，药品/营养制品，和家畜饲料5藻类。中所描述的方法此稿件旨在评估增加了对生物生长率和脱氮除磷光合反应器系统规模的影响。这里提出的系统使用藻类补救渗滤液废水，但可以适用于各种应用。 大型系统的生产效率是使用小规模的实验往往预测;然而，有几个因素必须考虑，以确定这些预测的准确度，如规模已经显示影响生物过程的性能。例如，容克（2004）提出的结果从八个不同尺寸的发酵反应器的对比，从30升19000升，这表明，在保护高频通道或商业尺度实际生产率比值使用小预测几乎总是低-scale研究4。在容器的尺寸，动力混合，搅拌型，营养品质和气体输送不等式被预测是主要原因为生产力下降4。类似地，已经在藻类生长的反应器显示，生物质生长和生物量相关的产品时规模增加6几乎总是降低。 生物，物理和化学因素与反应器的尺寸改变，许多这些因素在小规模不同于在较大的尺度2,7影响微生物活性。由于大多数全规模系统藻类，如滚道池塘，存在在户外时，要考虑一种生物因素是微生物物种和噬菌体可以从周围环境被引入，其可以改变微生物物种存在并且由此的微生物功能系统。微生物群落的活性也将是环境因素，如轻和温度敏感。气体和流体运动的质量接送这在微生物过程的规模可达影响的物理因素的例子。在实现小型反应堆理想的混合是容易的;然而，随着规模越来越大，它成为工程师理想的混合条件是一个挑战。在更大的尺度，反应器是更可能有死区，非理想的混合，并降低的效率在传质2。由于藻类光合生物，商业增长必须提高音量时占曝光的变化，由于水深和面积的变化。高的生物量密度和/或低质量的传输速率可引起降低的 CO 2浓度和增加的O 2的浓度，这两者都可能导致抑制生物量生长8。在藻类生长系统化学因子由水生环境2，这是因而受pH缓冲化合物的变化，如溶解的CO的pH值动力学驱动<sub&gt; 2和碳酸盐物种。这些因素是由复杂的相互作用的生物，物理和化学因素加剧，往往不可预知的方式9。 本研究提出旨在规范，并在两个不同尺度的血管比较生长条件配对的反应器系统。实验方案侧重于量化渗滤液处理和藻类的生长;然而，它可以适用于监视其他指标，例如在一段时间，或在微生物群落改变藻类中的CO 2截存的潜力。这里介绍的协议被设计为评价尺度上在渗滤液处理系统藻类生长和脱氮效果。

<table><tbody><tr><td>Aquarium Tank</td><td></td><td></td><td>Any 100+ L aquarium tank with optically clear glass can be used</td></tr><tr><td>RW 3.5</td><td>MicroBio Engineering</td><td></td><td>Raceway Pond</td></tr><tr><td>Eurostar 100 digital</td><td>IKA</td><td>4238101</td><td>Overhead mixers</td></tr><tr><td>Leachate</td><td>Sandtown Landfill</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Sampling Bottles</td><td>Nalgene</td><td></td><td>Plastic or glass, lab grade, 125-200&amp;nbsp;mL</td></tr><tr><td>Transfer Pumps</td><td></td><td></td><td>Garden type pump with drinking water quality hoses will be suitable</td></tr><tr><td>AmVer Salicylate Test &#039;N Tube</td><td>Hach</td><td>2606945</td><td>High Range Ammonia Tests</td></tr><tr><td>NitraVer X Nitrogen - Nitrate Reagent Set&amp;nbsp;</td><td>Hach</td><td>2605345</td><td>High Range Nitrate Tests</td></tr><tr><td>NitriVer 2 Nitrite Reagent Powder Pillows</td><td>Hach</td><td>2107569</td><td>High Range Nitrite Tests</td></tr><tr><td>Hach DR2400 Spectrophotmeter</td><td>Hach</td><td></td><td>The DR2400 was discontinued, but any DR series Hach spectrophotometer can be used in this application.&amp;nbsp;</td></tr><tr><td>EMD Microbiological Analysis Membrane Filters</td><td>Millipore</td><td>HAWG047S6</td><td>0.45 &amp;micro;m filters</td></tr></tbody></table>

comparison of scale in a photosynthetic reactor system for algal remediation of wastewater

实验方法被呈现给比较设计用于废水处理两种不同尺寸的反应器的性能。在这项研究中，氨去除，脱氮和藻类生长是通过在成对的套小（100μL）和大（1000升）的反应器设计用于填埋废水的藻类补救8周期间比较。小和大规模反应器中的内容之前，每个每周测试间隔的开始以保持在两个尺度等效初始条件混合。系统的特性，其中包括的表面积与体积比，停留时间，生物量密度，以及废水的进料浓度，可以调节，以便更好地均衡在两个尺度发生的情况。期间短的8周代表的时间段，开始氨和总氮浓度为3.1-14毫克的NH 3 -N / L和8.1-20.1毫克N / L，分别不等。该处理系统的性能进行评价的基础上它能够去除氨氮，总氮和生产藻类生物量。平均值±氨去除的标准偏差，总氮去除和生物量生长率分别为0.95±0.3毫克的NH 3 -N /升/天，0.89±0.3毫克N / L /天，和0.02±0.03克生物质/升/天，分别。所有船只表明初始氨浓度和氨氮去除率之间（R 2 = 0.76）呈正相关关系。如果实验室规模的实验数据是适合于商业规模的生产值的预测在不同尺度的反应器中测得的过程的效率和生产值的比较可以在确定是有用的。

这项研究的目的是比较生物量增长，并在小型和大型反应堆生长的藻类培养的脱氮除磷能力。这项研究使用了两个成对的系统，简称为系统1和系统2，重复其调查结果。这些代表性的结果是从8周的时间，二月到四月，2016年第一轨道池塘藻类原来从宾夕法尼亚州费城，14室外池塘来源接种。此培养物生长至在水族箱的高密度。此接种导致0.12克/升的RWP生物?...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Comparison of Scale in a Photosynthetic Reactor System for Algal Remediation of Wastewater at JoVE.com

Comparison of Scale in a Photosynthetic Reactor System for Algal Remediation of Wastewater

实验方法介绍比较小（100 L）和大（1000升）的性能设计规模为垃圾填埋场污水的整治藻类反应堆。系统的特性，其中包括的表面积与体积比，停留时间，生物量密度，以及废水的进料浓度，可根据应用来调整。

规模在光合反应器系统对污水的整治藻类比较

An experimental methodology is presented to compare the performance of two different sized reactors designed for wastewater treatment. In this study, ...

comparison-scale-photosynthetic-reactor-system-for-algal-remediation

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JoVE Journal

Environment

9.0K 次观看.  Drexel University. 实验方法介绍比较小（100 L）和大（1000升）的性能设计规模为垃圾填埋场污水的整治藻类反应堆。系统的特性，其中包括的表面积与体积比，停留时间，生物量密度，以及废水的进料浓度，可根据应用来调整。 

视频: Comparison of Scale in a Photosynthetic Reactor System for Algal Remediation of Wastewater

Optimize Flue Gas Settings to Promote Microalgae Growth in Photobioreactors via Computer Simulations

Flue gas from power plants can promote algal cultivation and reduce greenhouse gas emissions1. Microalgae not only capture solar energy more efficiently than plants3, but also synthesize advanced biofuels2-4. Generally, atmospheric CO2 is not a sufficient source for supporting maximal algal growth5. On the other hand, the high concentrations of CO2 in industrial exhaust gases have adverse effects on algal physiology. Consequently, both cultivation conditions (such as nutrients and light) and the control of the flue gas flow into the photo-bioreactors are important to develop an efficient &ldquo;flue gas to algae&rdquo; system. Researchers have proposed different photobioreactor configurations4,6 and cultivation strategies7,8 with flue gas. Here, we present a protocol that demonstrates how to use models to predict the microalgal growth in response to flue gas settings. We perform both experimental illustration and model simulations to determine the favorable conditions for algal growth with flue gas. We develop a Monod-based model coupled with mass transfer and light intensity equations to simulate the microalgal growth in a homogenous photo-bioreactor. The model simulation compares algal growth and flue gas consumptions under different flue-gas settings. The model illustrates: 1) how algal growth is influenced by different volumetric mass transfer coefficients of CO2; 2) how we can find optimal CO2 concentration for algal growth via the dynamic optimization approach (DOA); 3) how we can design a rectangular on-off flue gas pulse to promote algal biomass growth and to reduce the usage of flue gas. On the experimental side, we present a protocol for growing Chlorella under the flue gas (generated by natural gas combustion). The experimental results qualitatively validate the model predictions that the high frequency flue gas pulses can significantly improve algal cultivation.

Flue gas from power plants is a cheap CO2 source for algal growth. We have built prototype &#34;flue gas to algal cultivation&#34; systems and described how to scale up the algal cultivation process. We have demonstrated the use of a mass-transfer bio-reaction model to simulate and to design the optimal operation of flue gas for the growth of Chlorella sp. in algal photo-bioreactors.

优化烟气设置通过电脑模拟来促进微藻生长的光生物反应器中

Flue gas from power plants can promote algal cultivation and reduce greenhouse gas emissions1. Microalgae not only capture solar energy more efficiently ...

科研

环境科学

Physical, Chemical and Biological Characterization of Six Biochars Produced for the Remediation of Contaminated Sites

The physical and chemical properties of biochar vary based on feedstock sources and production conditions, making it possible to engineer biochars with specific functions (e.g. carbon sequestration, soil quality improvements, or contaminant sorption). In 2013, the International Biochar Initiative (IBI) made publically available their Standardized Product Definition and Product Testing Guidelines (Version 1.1) which set standards for physical and chemical characteristics for biochar. Six biochars made from three different feedstocks and at two temperatures were analyzed for characteristics related to their use as a soil amendment. The protocol describes analyses of the feedstocks and biochars and includes: cation exchange capacity (CEC), specific surface area (SSA), organic carbon (OC) and moisture percentage, pH, particle size distribution, and proximate and ultimate analysis. Also described in the protocol are the analyses of the feedstocks and biochars for contaminants including polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), metals and mercury as well as nutrients (phosphorous, nitrite and nitrate and ammonium as nitrogen). The protocol also includes the biological testing procedures, earthworm avoidance and germination assays. Based on the quality assurance / quality control (QA/QC) results of blanks, duplicates, standards and reference materials, all methods were determined adequate for use with biochar and feedstock materials. All biochars and feedstocks were well within the criterion set by the IBI and there were little differences among biochars, except in the case of the biochar produced from construction waste materials. This biochar (referred to as Old biochar) was determined to have elevated levels of arsenic, chromium, copper, and lead, and failed the earthworm avoidance and germination assays. Based on these results, Old biochar would not be appropriate for use as a soil amendment for carbon sequestration, substrate quality improvements or remediation.

Biochar is a carbon-rich material used as a soil amendment with the ability to sustainably sequester carbon, improve substrate quality and sorb contaminants. This protocol describes the 17 analytical methods used for the characterization of biochar, which is required prior to large scale implementation of these amendments in the environment.

物理，化学和六Biochars生产的生物表征污染场地修复的

The physical and chemical properties of biochar vary based on feedstock sources and production conditions, making it possible to engineer biochars with ...

Quantification of Heavy Metals and Other Inorganic Contaminants on the Productivity of Microalgae

Increasing demand for renewable fuels has researchers investigating the feasibility of alternative feedstocks, such as microalgae. Inherent advantages include high potential yield, use of non-arable land and integration with waste streams. The nutrient requirements of a large-scale microalgae production system will require the coupling of cultivation systems with industrial waste resources, such as carbon dioxide from flue gas and nutrients from wastewater. Inorganic contaminants present in these wastes can potentially lead to bioaccumulation in microalgal biomass negatively impact productivity and limiting end use. This study focuses on the experimental evaluation of the impact and the fate of 14 inorganic contaminants (As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Hg, Mn, Ni, Pb, Sb, Se, Sn, V and Zn) on Nannochloropsis salina growth. Microalgae were cultivated in photobioreactors illuminated at 984 &#181;mol m-2 sec-1 and maintained at pH 7 in a growth media polluted with inorganic contaminants at levels expected based on the composition found in commercial coal flue gas systems. Contaminants present in the biomass and the medium at the end of a 7 day growth period were analytically quantified through cold vapor atomic absorption spectrometry for Hg and through inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry for As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Mn, Ni, Pb, Sb, Se, Sn, V and Zn. Results show N. salina is a sensitive strain to the multi-metal environment with a statistical decrease in biomass yieldwith the introduction of these contaminants. The techniques presented here are adequate for quantifying algal growth and determining the fate of inorganic contaminants.

Integration of microalgal cultivation with industrial flue gas will ultimately introduce heavy metals and other inorganic compounds into the growth media. This study presents a procedure used to determine the end fate and impact of heavy metals and inorganic contaminants on the growth of Nannochloropsis salina grown in photobioreactors.

重金属和微藻的产其他无机污染物的量化

Increasing demand for renewable fuels has researchers investigating the feasibility of alternative feedstocks, such as microalgae. Inherent advantages ...

Cultivation of Green Microalgae in Bubble Column Photobioreactors and an Assay for Neutral Lipids

There is significant interest in the study of microalgae for engineering applications such as the production of biofuels, high value products, and for the treatment of wastes. As most new research efforts begin at laboratory scale, there is a need for cost-effective methods for culturing microalgae in a reproducible manner. Here, we communicate an effective approach to culture microalgae in laboratory-scale photobioreactors, and to measure the growth and neutral lipid content of that algae. Instructions are also included on how to set up the photobioreactor system. Although the example organisms are species of Chlorella and Auxenochlorella, this system can be adapted to cultivate a wide range of microalgae, including co-cultures of algae with non-algae species. Stock cultures are first grown in bottles to produce inoculum for the photobioreactor system. Algae inoculum is concentrated and transferred to photobioreactors for cultivation in batch mode. Samples are collected daily for the optical density readings. At the end of the batch culture, cells are harvested by centrifuge, washed, and freeze dried to obtain a final dry weight concentration. The final dry weight concentration is used to create a correlation between the optical density and the dry weight concentration. A modified Folch method is subsequently used to extract total lipids from the freeze-dried biomass and the extract is assayed for its neutral lipid content using a microplate assay. This assay has been published previously but protocol steps were included here to highlight critical steps in the procedure where errors frequently occur. The bioreactor system described here fills a niche between simple flask cultivation and fully-controlled commercial bioreactors. Even with only 3-4 biological replicates per treatment, our approach to culturing algae leads to tight standard deviations in the growth and lipid assays.

Here, we present a protocol to construct lab-scale bubble column photobioreactors and use them to culture microalgae. It also provides a method for the determination of the culture growth rate and neutral lipid content.

气泡柱光生物反应器中绿色微藻的培养及中性脂质的测定

There is significant interest in the study of microalgae for engineering applications such as the production of biofuels, high value products, and for the ...

Microalgae Cultivation and Biomass Quantification in a Bench-Scale Photobioreactor with Corrosive Flue Gases

Photobioreactors are illuminated cultivation systems for experiments on phototrophic microorganisms. These systems provide a sterile environment for microalgal cultivation with temperature, pH, and gas composition and flow rate control. At bench-scale, photobioreactors are advantageous to researchers studying microalgal properties, productivity, and growth optimization. At industrial scales, photobioreactors can maintain product purity and improve production efficiency. The video describes the preparation and use of a bench-scale photobioreactor for microalgal cultivation, including the safe use of corrosive gas inputs, and details relevant biomass measurements and biomass productivity calculations. Specifically, the video illustrates microalgal culture storage and preparation for inoculation, photobioreactor assembly and sterilization, biomass concentration measurements, and a logistic model for microalgal biomass productivity with rate calculations including maximum and overall biomass productivities. Additionally, since there is growing interest in experiments to cultivate microalgae using simulated or real waste gas emissions, the video will cover the photobioreactor equipment adaptations necessary to work with corrosive gases and discuss safe sampling in such scenarios.

Bench-scale, axenic cultivation facilitates microalgal characterization and productivity optimization before subsequent process scale-up. Photobioreactors provide the necessary control for reliable and reproducible microalgal experiments and can be adapted to safely cultivate microalgae with the corrosive gases (CO2, SO2, NO2) from municipal or industrial combustion emissions.

具有腐蚀性烟气的台式光生物反应器中的微藻培养和生物量定量

Photobioreactors are illuminated cultivation systems for experiments on phototrophic microorganisms. These systems provide a sterile environment for ...

Coupling Carbon Capture from a Power Plant with Semi-automated Open Raceway Ponds for Microalgae Cultivation

In the United States, 35% of the total carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions come from the electrical power industry, of which 30% represent natural gas electricity generation. Microalgae can biofix CO2 10 to 15 times faster than plants and convert algal biomass to products of interest, such as biofuels. Thus, this study presents a protocol that demonstrates the potential synergies of microalgae cultivation with a natural gas power plant situated in the southwestern United States in a hot semi-arid climate. State-of-the-art technologies are used to enhance carbon capture and utilization via the green algal species Chlorella sorokiniana, which can be further processed into biofuel. We describe a protocol involving a semi-automated open raceway pond and discuss the results of its performance when it was tested at the Tucson Electric Power plant, in Tucson, Arizona. Flue gas was used as the main carbon source to control pH, and Chlorella sorokiniana was cultivated. An optimized medium was used to grow the algae. The amount of CO2 added to the system as a function of time was closely monitored. Additionally, other physicochemical factors affecting algal growth rate, biomass productivity, and carbon fixation were monitored, including optical density, dissolved oxygen (DO), electroconductivity (EC), and air and pond temperatures. The results indicate that a microalgae yield of up to 0.385 g/L ash-free dry weight is attainable, with a lipid content of 24%. Leveraging synergistic opportunities between CO2 emitters and algal farmers can provide the resources required to increase carbon capture while supporting the sustainable production of algal biofuels and bioproducts.

A protocol is described to utilize the carbon dioxide in natural gas power plant flue gas to cultivate microalgae in open raceway ponds. Flue gas injection is controlled with a pH sensor, and microalgae growth is monitored with real time measurements of optical density.

将发电厂的碳捕获与半自动开放式管道池相结合，用于微藻养殖

In the United States, 35% of the total carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions come from the electrical power industry, of which 30% represent natural gas ...

用于从猪废沼气中获取生物甲烷的微藻培养

Biogas Purification through the use of a Microalgae-Bacterial System in Semi-Industrial High Rate Algal Ponds

In recent years, a number of technologies have emerged to purify biogas into biomethane. This purification entails a reduction in the concentration of polluting gases such as carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulfide to increase the content of methane. In this study, we used a microalgal cultivation technology to treat and purify biogas produced from organic waste from the swine industry to obtain ready-to-use biomethane. For cultivation and purification, two 22.2 m3 open-pond photobioreactors coupled with an absorption-desorption column system were set up in San Juan de los Lagos, Mexico. Several recirculation liquid/biogas ratios (L/G) were tested to obtain the highest removal efficiencies; other parameters, such as pH, dissolved oxygen (DO), temperature, and biomass growth, were measured. The most efficient L/Gs were 1.6 and 2.5, resulting in a treated biogas effluent with a composition of 6.8%vol and 6.6%vol in CO2, respectively, and removal efficiencies for H2S up to 98.9%, as well as maintaining O2 contamination values of less than 2%vol. We found that pH greatly determines CO2 removal, more so than L/G, during cultivation because of its participation in the photosynthetic process of microalgae and its ability to vary pH when solubilized due to its acidic nature. DO, and temperature oscillated as expected from the light-dark natural cycles of photosynthesis and the time of day, respectively. Biomass growth varied with CO2 and nutrient feeding as well as reactor harvesting; however, the trend remained primed for growth.

作者聚焦:扩展微藻生物技术以提高生物甲烷产量 

Air pollution impacts the quality of life of all organisms. Here, we describe the use of microalgae biotechnology for the treatment of biogas (simultaneous removal of carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulfide) and the production of biomethane through semi-industrial open high-rate algal ponds and subsequent analysis of treatment efficiency, pH, dissolved oxygen, and microalgae growth.

在半工业化高速率藻类池塘中使用微藻细菌系统进行沼气净化

In recent years, a number of technologies have emerged to purify biogas into biomethane. This purification entails a reduction in the concentration of ...

A Novel Bioreactor for High Density Cultivation of Diverse Microbial Communities

A novel reactor design, coined a high density bioreactor (HDBR), is presented for the cultivation and study of high density microbial communities. Past studies have evaluated the performance of the reactor for the removal of COD1 and nitrogen species2-4 by heterotrophic and chemoautotrophic bacteria, respectively. The HDBR design eliminates the requirement for external flocculation/sedimentation processes while still yielding effluent containing low suspended solids. In this study, the HDBR is applied as a photobioreactor (PBR) in order to characterize the nitrogen removal characteristics of an algae-based photosynthetic microbial community. As previously reported for this HDBR design, a stable biomass zone was established with a clear delineation between the biologically active portion of the reactor and the recycling reactor fluid, which resulted in a low suspended solid effluent. The algal community in the HDBR was observed to remove 18.4% of total nitrogen species in the influent. Varying NH4+ and NO3- concentrations in the feed did not have an effect on NH4+ removal (n=44, p=0.993 and n=44, p=0.610 respectively) while NH4+ feed concentration was found to be negatively related with NO3- removal (n=44, p=0.000) and NO3- feed concentration was found to be positively correlated with NO3- removal (n=44, p=0.000). Consistent removal of NH4+, combined with the accumulation of oxidized nitrogen species at high NH4+ fluxes indicates the presence of ammonia- and nitrite-oxidizing bacteria within the microbial community.

A novel reactor design, coined a high density bioreactor (HDBR), is presented for the cultivation and study of high density microbial communities. Here, the HDBR is successfully applied in a photobioreactor (PBR) configuration for the study of nitrogen metabolism by a mixed high density algal community.

一种新型生物反应器为不同的微生物群落的高密度栽培

A novel reactor design, coined a high density bioreactor (HDBR), is presented for the cultivation and study of high density microbial communities. Past ...

规模在光合反应器系统对污水的整治藻类比较

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此视频中的章节

优化烟气设置通过电脑模拟来促进微藻生长的光生物反应器中

物理，化学和六Biochars生产的生物表征污染场地修复的

重金属和微藻的产其他无机污染物的量化

气泡柱光生物反应器中绿色微藻的培养及中性脂质的测定

具有腐蚀性烟气的台式光生物反应器中的微藻培养和生物量定量

将发电厂的碳捕获与半自动开放式管道池相结合，用于微藻养殖

在半工业化高速率藻类池塘中使用微藻细菌系统进行沼气净化

在半工业化高速率藻类池塘中使用微藻细菌系统进行沼气净化

在半工业化高速率藻类池塘中使用微藻细菌系统进行沼气净化

一种新型生物反应器为不同的微生物群落的高密度栽培