作者要感谢亚利桑那大学病理学系的财政支持。该项目得到了WZ的Mark和Jane Gibson捐赠基金的部分支持。

亚利桑那大学获得了机构审查委员会的批准，用于进行这项研究。获得知情的患者同意书。 患者选择注意:获得了亚利桑那大学的机构审查委员会的批准。共招收38名患者。患者年龄32〜86岁，平均55岁，其中绝经后26例，绝经前12例。 <ol><li>获得每名患者的知情同意书。 </li></ol>输卵管细胞收集程序注意:本研究中包括的患者均预计全子宫切除术和双侧输卵管卵巢切除术用于预防性降低风险或恶性肿瘤。进行细胞学研究的病理学家的手术细节是未知的。 <ol><li>手术后立即切除切口，仔细检查包括子宫，双侧卵巢和双侧输卵管在内的新鲜组织标本，以鉴别双侧输卵管。 </li><li> 在夹紧血液供应30分钟内收集输卵管细胞进入防腐液（参见表材料）小瓶;推荐的防腐剂是一种基于甲醇的缓冲防腐剂溶液。 注意:使用温和的触摸刷进行输卵管细胞收集（即将到来的步骤）。除了输卵管从子宫分离出来的罕见病例外，当输卵管连接到子宫时，通常插入刷头以从输卵管fimbria收集细胞。 <ol><li>在小镊子的帮助下，将刷子（参见表格材料 ）插入通过菌毛末端的输卵管内腔。慢慢地顺时针旋转，并将刷子向前移动穿过坠落的凹陷部分opian管，然后是壶腹直到达到峡部。 </li><li>慢慢地逆时针旋转和反转刷子以拉出刷子。确保内腔内刷子的最大速度慢于1厘米/秒。 </li><li>通过在溶液中旋转和旋转刷子10次，在防腐溶液（在小瓶中）冲洗刷子。 </li><li>拧紧小瓶盖。 </li><li>记录患者的信息和样本的变性。 </li><li>将小瓶存放在4°C冰箱（最多6个月）内。 </li></ol></li></ol> 3.管状细胞学幻灯片准备<ol><li>将样品瓶装入自动化处理器进行幻灯片准备。 注意:我们使用自动处理器进行幻灯片准备。将样品瓶放入处理器后，自动执行以下步骤:（i）细胞和碎屑通过样品中测试过滤器的旋转分离和分散小瓶。 （ii）通过温和的真空从过滤器的外表面收集管状细胞。 （iii）将过滤器倒置并压靠在载玻片上，使细胞粘附在载玻片内的圆形区域上。 （iv）将载玻片进一步固定在细胞固定浴中并准备进行染色和细胞学分析。不幸的是，没有其他手动方法，可以产生类似质量的结果。 </li></ol> 4.修改的Papanicolaou染色方案<ol><li>如图1所示，通过运行自动化非gyn染色程序来染色由步骤3.1制成的载玻片。 注意:染色方法代表我们常规用于非妇科标本的Papanicolaou染色技术的修改。我们使用自动组织处理器染色一些幻灯片。我们在本研究中选择了Gyn染色程序的非Gyn染色方法。使用的曙红是EA-65，而不是EA-50妇科标本（Pap涂片标本）。此外，主要用于鳞状细胞染色的Gyn染色程序中的OG-6不包括在染色程序中，因为在本研究中预期不会看到鳞状细胞。 EA65（Eosin Azure）是由3种染料组成的抗污染溶液:曙红Y，快绿FCF和俾斯麦棕Y。程序如表1所示 。 </li><li> 执行手动快速巴氏染色程序如下。 <ol><li>将步骤3.1中制成的载玻片浸入95％乙醇中，10次，每次浸渍约1秒。 </li><li>将载玻片浸入H 2 O中10次，每次浸渍约1秒。 </li><li>在苏木精中出现10-60秒的幻灯片。 </li><li>将载玻片浸入H 2 O中10次，每次浸渍约1秒。 </li><li>将载玻片浸入95％乙醇中，10次，每次浸渍约1秒。 </li><li>在EA65出现幻灯片1 - 3分钟。 </li><li>蘸滑块into H 2 O，10次，每次浸渍约1秒。 </li><li>将载玻片浸入95％乙醇中，10次，每次浸渍约1秒。 </li><li>将载玻片浸在二甲苯中直到载玻片变得清亮。 注意:这是一个修改的Papanicolaou染色程序。对于有限时间或空间的情况，如现场细针抽吸和STAT标本，该方法用作更快速的染色方法。该程序提供与自动化非Gyn染色程序相当的质量染色。程序如表2所示 。 </li></ol></li></ol>旋转细胞到幻灯片上注意:为每个样品制作三个细胞分裂素幻灯片。一个幻灯片是H＆E染色与细胞学幻灯片的形态比较。为未来的IHC染色研究制备了两个未染色的载玻片。本节的详细步骤不是本文的重点;因此，我们不会在扩展d中讨论它们etails。 <ol><li>准备一个细胞离心机与标记的幻灯片，标本漏斗和过滤器每个样品待检查。 </li><li>通过以200×g离心5分钟浓缩细胞。 </li><li>取出约一半的上清液，然后轻轻移液重新悬浮细胞。 </li><li>将每个细胞悬液200μL加入到标本漏斗中。 </li><li>旋转250 xg 5分钟。小心地从细胞离心机中取出载玻片并将其转移到95％乙醇中固定。 </li><li>空气干燥后染色和长期储存。 注意:根据最终幻灯片上的细胞密度，可以跳过或调整步骤5.2和步骤5.3。在这项研究中，我们需要每个高功率视图中存在至少2个细胞簇以获得足够的细胞密度。 </li></ol> 6.分段和广泛审查有条理的结束（SEE-FIM）协议<ol><li>修复整个标本（包括子宫，双侧输卵管和卵巢）在10％的福尔马林之前，通过减少剥落。 </li><li>使用小镊子和剪刀，轻轻小心地将输卵管从峡部的子宫分离。如果存在粘连，请使用小镊子和剪刀从卵巢表面小心地切开融化的末端;这些步骤对于尽量减少卵巢和输卵管之间的肿瘤交叉污染至关重要。 </li><li>从其余的标本截断漏斗和菌毛段（输卵管远端1.0 - 2.0 cm）。 </li><li>以2mm间隔纵向剖开漏斗和菌毛。提交toto的所有部分进行组织学检查。 </li><li>以2 - 3 mm的间隔切开峡部和壶腹，完全提交。 </li></ol>

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作者宣称他们没有竞争的经济利益。

已经显示预防性双侧输卵管切除术或输卵管卵巢切除术可降低高危人群发生HGSC的风险，如BRCA基因突变妇女和家族性癌症史。然而，由手术导致的不育和外科绝经是严重后果，造成困难的决定，特别是对于育龄妇女。以前的研究显示输卵管细胞学和组织学之间有很好的相关性17 。我们认为腹腔镜收集的输卵管细胞的输卵管细胞学具有很大的潜力成为早期癌症检测的实用的，微创?...

卵巢高级浆液性癌（HGSC）是最常见和致命的卵巢癌，仍然是对公众健康的主要威胁。在过去十年中，研究人员已经表明，绝大多数的HGSC情况下从该输卵管而不是卵巢本身1，2，3，4，5，6出现。浆液性输卵管上皮内癌（STIC）作为HGSC 1，7，8，9，10，11的前体已被广泛接受。到目前为止，卵巢癌的早期发现仍然很困难。目前的筛选方案与联合癌抗原125（CA-125）和经阴道超声显示对病人的死亡率12，13几乎没有影响。卵巢癌检测的子宫内膜取样显示极低的灵敏度14 。两个先驱研究15,16探索良性输卵管腹腔镜直接采样的使用，并且其特征在于良性输卵管上皮的细胞学特征。我们认为，输卵管的直接取样也可以成为在肿瘤未被成像可视化的早期阶段检测STIC或HGSC的实用且直接的方法。 尽管最终目标是在高风险因素患者中进行微创腹腔镜筛查的实用性，但目前研究的直接目标是:1）建立良性输卵管上皮细胞基线细胞学特征;和2）检测输卵管细胞学检测卵巢癌的敏感性和特异性和癌症前体。因此，我们开发了以下基线输卵管细胞学方法来检测该方案检测HGSC及其前体STIC 17的有效性。在这项研究中，我们利用了大量定期接受的手术标本，除了常规手术程序之外，还对手术切除的输卵管进行了直接取样。 我们最近的研究17显示，恶性肿瘤的恶性或怀疑的细胞学诊断与HGSC的组织学诊断（100％）高度相关。此外，输卵管细胞学评估确定了在本研究中涉及的仅有两个组织学证实的STIC病例的颅内瘤变。我们认为输卵管细胞学在早期检测中具有很大的潜力，将为患者管理提供有价值的信息。

<table><tbody><tr><td>Cytobrush plus GT gentle touch of Medscand sample collection kit</td><td>CooperSurgical</td><td>C0112</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>ThinPrep preservCyt solution</td><td>HOLOGIC</td><td>234005</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>ThinPrep 2000 Processor</td><td>HOLOGIC</td><td>70031-001</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Papanicolaou Stain, EA 65</td><td>sigma aldrich</td><td>HT40432</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>95% Ethanol</td><td>sigma aldrich</td><td>652261</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>100% Ethanol</td><td>sigma aldrich</td><td>493538</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Xylene</td><td>sigma aldrich</td><td>214736</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Hematoxylin</td><td>sigma aldrich</td><td>H9627</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Sakura Tissue Tek 2000 tissue processor</td><td>SAKURA</td><td>TISSUE-TEK VIP 2000</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Mayo Dissecting Scissors,5.5 straight</td><td>Pilgrim medical equiment</td><td>FA710-45</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Chemware Forceps</td><td>United state plastic corp</td><td>76122</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Tissue-Tek Accu-Edge Trimming blades,short</td><td>SAKURA</td><td>4785</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Tissue-Tek Accu-Edge Trimming blades handle,short</td><td>SAKURA</td><td>4786</td><td></td></tr></tbody></table>

tubal cytology of the fallopian tube as a promising tool for ovarian cancer early detection

目前，广泛接受的是绝大多数卵巢高级浆液性癌（HGSC）来源于输卵管。然而，由于缺乏用于卵巢癌鉴定的标记物或工具，HGSC的早期检测仍然具有挑战性。当肿瘤不可见时，输卵管的直接取样可增强检测肿瘤细胞的敏感性。我们开发了一种从新鲜手术标本直接收集输卵管细胞的方法，与组织学检查结果具有良好的相关性。这种方法为高风险患者群体中微创腹腔镜筛查的未来应用奠定了基础。

我们以前的研究表明，使用温和的触摸刷直接从切除的输卵管取样可以产生定量和定性的足够的标本用于进一步细胞学评估。此外，自动幻灯片制备和修改的Papanicolaou染色的组合使得病理学家能够更好地可视化细胞学细节以做出准确的诊断。 图1中示出了来自良性输卵管的样品的手动快速pap染色的实例。 如图1所示，刷子操纵导...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Tubal Cytology of the Fallopian Tube as a Promising Tool for Ovarian Cancer Early Detection at JoVE.com

Tubal Cytology of the Fallopian Tube as a Promising Tool for Ovarian Cancer Early Detection

我们探索了输卵管细胞学方法，采用输卵管直接手术切除术作为卵巢癌早期检测的工具。在这里，我们提出一个收集新鲜手术标本的输卵管细胞的方案。

输卵管的管状细胞学作为卵巢癌早期检测的有前景的工具

Currently, it is widely accepted that the vast majority of ovarian high-grade serous carcinoma (HGSC) originate from the fallopian tube. However, due to ...

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12.2K 次观看.  University of Arizona College of Medicine. 我们探索了输卵管细胞学方法，采用输卵管直接手术切除术作为卵巢癌早期检测的工具。在这里，我们提出一个收集新鲜手术标本的输卵管细胞的方案。 

视频: Tubal Cytology of the Fallopian Tube as a Promising Tool for Ovarian Cancer Early Detection

Heterotypic Three-dimensional In Vitro Modeling of Stromal-Epithelial Interactions During Ovarian Cancer Initiation and Progression

Epithelial ovarian cancers (EOCs) are the leading cause of death from gynecological malignancy in Western societies. Despite advances in surgical treatments and improved platinum-based chemotherapies, there has been little improvement in EOC survival rates for more than four decades 1,2. Whilst stage I tumors have 5-year survival rates &gt;85%, survival rates for stage III/IV disease are &lt;40%. Thus, the high rates of mortality for EOC could be significantly decreased if tumors were detected at earlier, more treatable, stages 3-5. At present, the molecular genetic and biological basis of early stage disease development is poorly understood. More specifically, little is known about the role of the microenvironment during tumor initiation; but known risk factors for EOCs (e.g. age and parity) suggest that the microenvironment plays a key role in the early genesis of EOCs. We therefore developed three-dimensional heterotypic models of both the normal ovary and of early stage ovarian cancers. For the normal ovary, we co-cultured normal ovarian surface epithelial (IOSE) and normal stromal fibroblast (INOF)&nbsp;cells, immortalized by retrovrial transduction of the catalytic subunit of human telomerase holoenzyme (hTERT) to extend the lifespan of these cells in culture. To model the earliest stages of ovarian epithelial cell transformation, overexpression of the CMYC oncogene in IOSE cells, again co-cultured with INOF cells. These heterotypic models were used to investigate the effects of aging and senescence on the transformation and invasion of epithelial cells. Here we describe the methodological steps in development of these three-dimensional model; these methodologies aren't specific to the development of normal ovary and ovarian cancer tissues, and could be used to study other tissue types where stromal and epithelial cell interactions are a fundamental aspect of the tissue maintenance and disease development.

Heterotypic Three-dimensional In Vitro Modeling of Stromal-Epithelial Interactions During Ovarian Cancer Initiation and Progression

We describe methodologies for establishing in vitro heterotypic three-dimensional models comprising ovarian fibroblasts and normal ovarian surface or ovarian cancer epithelial cells. We discuss the use of these models to study stromal-epithelial interactions that occur during ovarian cancer development.

异型三维<em在体外</em&gt;卵巢癌的发生和发展过程中的间质 - 上皮细胞相互作用模型

Epithelial ovarian cancers (EOCs) are the leading cause of death from gynecological malignancy in Western societies. Despite advances in surgical ...

科研

医学

A Coregistered Ultrasound and Photoacoustic Imaging Protocol for the Transvaginal Imaging of Ovarian Lesions

Ovarian cancer remains the deadliest of all the gynecological malignancies due to the lack of reliable screening tools for early detection and diagnosis. Photoacoustic imaging or tomography (PAT) is an emerging imaging modality that can provide the total hemoglobin concentration (relative scale, rHbT) and blood oxygen saturation (%sO2) of ovarian/adnexal lesions, which are important parameters for cancer diagnosis. Combined with coregistered ultrasound (US), PAT has demonstrated great potential for detecting ovarian cancers and for accurately diagnosing ovarian lesions for effective risk assessment and the reduction of unnecessary surgeries of benign lesions. However, PAT imaging protocols in clinical applications, to our knowledge, largely vary among different studies. Here, we report a transvaginal ovarian cancer imaging protocol that can be beneficial to other clinical studies, especially those using commercial ultrasound arrays for the detection of photoacoustic signals and standard delay-and-sum beamforming algorithms for imaging.

We report a coregistered ultrasound and photoacoustic imaging protocol for the transvaginal imaging of ovarian/adnexal lesions. The protocol may be valuable to other translational photoacoustic imaging studies, especially those using commercial ultrasound arrays for the detection of photoacoustic signals and standard delay-and-sum beamforming algorithms for imaging.

用于卵巢病变经阴道成像的共注册超声和光声成像方案

Ovarian cancer remains the deadliest of all the gynecological malignancies due to the lack of reliable screening tools for early detection and diagnosis. ...

工程学

Microdissection and Dissociation of the Murine Oviduct: Individual Segment Identification and Single Cell Isolation

Mouse model systems are unmatched for the analysis of disease processes because of their genetic manipulability and the low cost of experimental treatments. However, because of their small body size, some structures, such as the oviduct with a diameter of 200-400 &#956;m, have proven to be relatively difficult to study except by immunohistochemistry. Recently, immunohistochemical studies have uncovered more complex differences in oviduct segments than were previously recognized; thus, the oviduct is divided into four functional segments with different ratios of seven distinct epithelial cell types. The different embryological origins and ratios of the epithelial cell types likely make the four functional regions differentially susceptible to disease. For example, precursor lesions to serous intraepithelial carcinomas arise from the infundibulum in mouse models and from the corresponding fimbrial region in the human fallopian tube. The protocol described here details a method for microdissection to subdivide the oviduct in such a way to yield a sufficient amount and purity of RNA necessary for downstream analysis such as reverse transcription-quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) and RNA sequencing (RNAseq). Also described is a mostly non-enzymatic tissue dissociation method appropriate for flow cytometry or single cell RNAseq analysis of fully differentiated oviductal cells. The methods described will facilitate further research utilizing the murine oviduct in the field of reproduction, fertility, cancer, and immunology.

A method for microdissection of the mouse oviduct that allows collection of the individual segments while maintaining RNA integrity is presented. In addition, non-enzymatic oviductal cell dissociation procedure is described. The methods are appropriate for subsequent gene and protein analysis of the functionally different oviductal segments and dissociated oviductal cells.

小鼠输卵管的显微解剖和解离:个体片段鉴定和单细胞分离

Mouse model systems are unmatched for the analysis of disease processes because of their genetic manipulability and the low cost of experimental ...

发育生物学

An Efficient Method for Extracting Human Fallopian Tube Epithelia for Single-cell Analyses

Human fallopian tubes are intrinsic to reproduction. The purpose of the fallopian tubes is to allow for the transit of sperm, the ovum, and if fertilization is successful, the embryo. The epithelial cells that line the inner surface of fallopian tubes are integral to both normal and abnormal fallopian tube processes, including disease initiation. After menopause, fallopian tubes cease to have a significant role in the body and the intraepithelial cell makeup changes. We describe a method in which these epithelial cells can be isolated from fresh fallopian tubes with minimal stromal cell contamination into a single-cell suspension. These cells can be grown in culture or used for further analysis such as flow cytometry and single-cell RNA sequencing. This isolation protocol can be achieved in 4-6 h and yields viable cells that can be used for immediate downstream analysis. This efficient protocol facilitates the isolation of fallopian tube epithelial cells with an enriched epithelial population.

This protocol describes a one-day method for the isolation of human fallopian tube epithelial cells. Isolated epithelial cells can be plated in 2-dimensional (2D) culture or dissociated into single-cell suspensions and utilized in downstream experiments, including flow cytometry and single-cell RNA sequencing.

提取人输卵管上皮细胞用于单细胞分析的有效方法

Human fallopian tubes are intrinsic to reproduction. The purpose of the fallopian tubes is to allow for the transit of sperm, the ovum, and if ...

癌症研究

Ex Vivo Culture of Primary Human Fallopian Tube Epithelial Cells

Epithelial ovarian cancer is a leading cause of female cancer mortality in the United States. In contrast to other women-specific cancers, like breast and uterine carcinomas, where death rates have fallen in recent years, ovarian cancer cure rates have remained relatively unchanged over the past two decades 1. This is largely due to the lack of appropriate screening tools for detection of early stage disease where surgery and chemotherapy are most effective 2, 3. As a result, most patients present with advanced stage disease and diffuse abdominal involvement. This is further complicated by the fact that ovarian cancer is a heterogeneous disease with multiple histologic subtypes 4, 5. Serous ovarian carcinoma (SOC) is the most common and aggressive subtype and the form most often associated with mutations in the BRCA genes. Current experimental models in this field involve the use of cancer cell lines and mouse models to better understand the initiating genetic events and pathogenesis of disease 6, 7. Recently, the fallopian tube has emerged as a novel site for the origin of SOC, with the fallopian tube (FT) secretory epithelial cell (FTSEC) as the proposed cell of origin 8, 9. There are currently no cell lines or culture systems available to study the FT epithelium or the FTSEC. Here we describe a novel ex vivo culture system where primary human FT epithelial cells are cultured in a manner that preserves their architecture, polarity, immunophenotype, and response to physiologic and genotoxic stressors. This ex vivo model provides a useful tool for the study of SOC, allowing a better understanding of how tumors can arise from this tissue, and the mechanisms involved in tumor initiation and progression.

Ex Vivo Culture of Primary Human Fallopian Tube Epithelial Cells

The fallopian tube (FT) is emerging as an alternative site of origin for serous ovarian carcinoma (SOC). This protocol describes a novel method for the isolation and ex vivo culture of fallopian tube epithelial cells. This system recapitulates the in vivo epithelium and allows the study of SOC pathogenesis.

前初级人类输卵管上皮细胞的体外培养

Epithelial ovarian cancer is a leading cause of female cancer mortality in the United States. In contrast to other women-specific cancers, like breast and ...

生物学

人卵巢上皮类器官：组织修复和药物检测模型

Human Ovarian Surface Epithelium Organoids as a Platform to Study Tissue Regeneration

The ovarian surface epithelium (OSE), the outermost layer of the ovary, undergoes rupture during each ovulation and plays a crucial role in ovarian wound healing while restoring ovarian integrity. Additionally, the OSE may serve as the source of epithelial ovarian cancers. Although the OSE regenerative properties have been well studied in mice, understanding the precise mechanism of tissue repair in the human ovary remains hampered by limited access to human ovaries and suitable in vitro culture protocols. Tissue-specific organoids, miniaturized in vitro models replicating both structural and functional aspects of the original organ, offer new opportunities for studying organ physiology, disease modeling, and drug testing. 
Here, we describe a method to isolate primary human OSE (hOSE) from whole ovaries and establish hOSE organoids. We include a morphological and cellular characterization showing heterogeneity between donors. Additionally, we demonstrate the capacity of this culture method to evaluate hormonal effects on OSE-organoid growth over a 2-week period. This method may enable the discovery of factors contributing to OSE regeneration and facilitate patient-specific drug screenings for malignant OSE.

作者聚焦：使用表面上皮类器官推进人类卵巢修复和癌症研究

This protocol describes establishing three-dimensional (3D) tissue organoids from primary human ovarian surface epithelium (hOSE) cells. The protocol includes isolation of hOSE from freshly collected ovaries, cellular expansion of the hOSE, cryopreservation-thawing procedures, and organoid derivation. Immunofluorescence, quantitative analysis, and showcasing utility as a screening platform are included.

人卵巢表面上皮类器官作为研究组织再生的平台

The ovarian surface epithelium (OSE), the outermost layer of the ovary, undergoes rupture during each ovulation and plays a crucial role in ovarian wound ...

Transplantation Into the Mouse Ovarian Fat Pad

Orthotopic transplantation assays in mice are invaluable for studies of cell regeneration and neoplastic transformation. Common approaches for orthotopic transplantation of ovarian surface and tubal epithelia include intraperitoneal and intrabursal administration of cells. The respective limitations of these methods include poorly defined location of injected cells and limited space volume. Furthermore, they are poorly suited for long-term structural preservation of transplanted organs. To address these challenges, we have developed an alternative approach, which is based on the introduction of cells and tissue fragments into the mouse fat pad. The mouse ovarian fat pad is located in the immediate vicinity of the ovary and uterine tube (aka oviduct, fallopian tube), and provides a familiar microenvironment for cells and tissues of these organs. In our approach fluorescence-labeled mouse and human cells, and fragments of the uterine tube are engrafted by using minimally traumatic dorsal incision surgery. Transplanted cells and their outgrowths are easily located in the ovarian fat pad for over 40 days. Long-term transplantation of the entire uterine tube allows correct preservation of all principle tissue components, and does not result in adverse side effects, such as fibrosis and inflammation. Our approach should be uniquely applicable for answering important biological questions such as differentiation, regenerative and neoplastic potential of specific cell populations. Furthermore, it should be suitable for studies of microenvironmental factors in normal development and cancer.

We describe an ovarian fad pad transplantation assay suitable for studies of normal and transformed epithelia of the female reproductive tract. The mouse fat pad allows transplantation of large tissue fragments, is easily accessible for surgery and imaging, and provides the most favorable native environment for tissues of M&#252;llerian origin.

移植到小鼠卵巢脂肪垫

Orthotopic transplantation assays in mice are invaluable for studies of cell regeneration and neoplastic transformation. Common approaches for orthotopic ...

Ovarian Cancer Detection Using Photoacoustic Flow Cytometry

Many studies suggest that the enumeration of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) may show promise as a prognostic tool for ovarian cancer. Current strategies for the detection of CTCs include flow cytometry, microfluidic devices, and real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Despite recent advances, methods for the detection of early ovarian cancer metastasis still lack the sensitivity and specificity required for clinical translation. Here, a novel method is presented for the detection of ovarian circulating tumor cells by photoacoustic flow cytometry (PAFC) utilizing a custom three dimensional (3D) printed system, including a flow chamber and syringe pump. This method utilizes folic acid-capped copper sulfide nanoparticles (FA-CuS NPs) to target SKOV-3 ovarian cancer cells by PAFC. This work demonstrates the affinity of these contrast agents for ovarian cancer cells. The results show NP characterization, PAFC detection, and NP uptake by fluorescence microscopy, thus demonstrating the potential of this novel system to detect ovarian CTCs at physiologically relevant concentrations.

A protocol is presented to detect circulating ovarian tumor cells utilizing a custom-made photoacoustic flow system and targeted folic acid-capped copper sulfide nanoparticles.

使用光声流细胞测定卵巢癌检测

Many studies suggest that the enumeration of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) may show promise as a prognostic tool for ovarian cancer. Current strategies ...

输卵管的管状细胞学作为卵巢癌早期检测的有前景的工具

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异型三维

用于卵巢病变经阴道成像的共注册超声和光声成像方案

小鼠输卵管的显微解剖和解离:个体片段鉴定和单细胞分离

提取人输卵管上皮细胞用于单细胞分析的有效方法

前初级人类输卵管上皮细胞的体外培养

人卵巢表面上皮类器官作为研究组织再生的平台

人卵巢表面上皮类器官作为研究组织再生的平台

人卵巢表面上皮类器官作为研究组织再生的平台

移植到小鼠卵巢脂肪垫

使用光声流细胞测定卵巢癌检测